CN114099609A - 一种治疗咳嗽的药物组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗咳嗽的药物组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种止咳的药物组合物,它由如下重量份数的原料药制成:瓦布贝母3~9份、知母6~12份、川射干6~9份、黄芩3~9份、桔梗3~9份、甘草3~9份。本发明的药物组合物药味精简、配伍得当,从润肺、宣肺、清肺、祛痰、利咽、清热泻火、清热解毒、清热燥湿、化痰散结、补脾益气等多个方面、多个环节发挥治疗作用,能够有效治疗咳嗽,尤其是风热咳嗽,其止咳祛痰和抗炎效果与二母散(川贝母和知母的药对)、黄芩射干汤(黄芩和射干的药对)、桔梗汤(桔梗和甘草的药对)三种经典组方相比,具有显著优势,且无明显毒副作用,具有很好的临床推广应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药领域,具体涉及一种治疗咳嗽的药物组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
咳嗽是指外感六淫(风、火、寒、湿、暑、燥)或内伤等因素,导致肺失宣肃,肺气上逆,冲击气道,发出咳声或伴咯痰为临床特征的一种病证,常伴有痰液和炎症,而现在大多数止咳药,例如部分西药往往带来不可避免的副作用,另有部分止咳药含有罂粟壳、可待因等成分,有致成瘾性的风险。目前,仍然缺乏有效率高且安全的治疗咳嗽的药物。
长期以来,贝母是我国人民用于治疗咳嗽的经典中药之一,由于其疗效好、副作用少,贝母在中国用于临床治疗的历史已达2000年之久。川贝母润肺化痰,止咳散结,其特点是补气利痰而不寒,虚人宜之。早在宋朝时期,《急救仙方》一书中记载了以知母、贝母组成的二母散,具有治疗喘急咳嗽、痰涎壅盛的作用,并且在后人研究中确定了二母散中的贝母品种应选择具有清肺、润肺、补肺功效的川贝母(卢君蓉,季宁平,傅超美,胡慧玲,王世宇.二母散及其加减化裁方的制剂研究概况[J].中药与临床,2014,5(05):23-25.)。瓦布贝母是川贝母品种之一,但其与川贝母其他品种如主流品种暗紫贝母(松贝)在外形、形态、质地、色泽上都有明显的差异,活性成分的含量也有所不同。《本草纲目拾遗》中记载了瓦布贝母,认为其清热润肺、化痰止咳功效比暗紫贝母更好,故言之“……乃川贝中第一,不可多得”。目前有研究证明瓦布贝母与松贝均有明显的镇咳、祛痰、耐缺氧及支气管扩张作用,口服毒性低,而且瓦布贝母药理活性高于暗紫贝母。但是,以瓦布贝母为主药的中药复方仍鲜有报道。
除二母散外,古往今来还有许多治疗咳嗽的药对报道,例如清代翁藻编著的《医钞类编》中记载了以黄芩、射干两味中药水煎服的黄芩射干汤,用于治疗肺胃两经热毒所致喉中腥臭,后人研究发现射干与黄芩配伍可清泻肺火,用于治疗肺热咽痛咳喘。以桔梗和甘草配伍的桔梗汤宣肺止咳、利咽解毒、祛痰排脓,作为基本方治疗咳嗽、咽痛素有盛名。首见于《伤寒论·辨少阴病脉证并治》中“少阴病,二三日,咽痛者,可与甘草汤,不差,与桔梗汤”;又有《金匮要略》中第七章《肺痿肺痈咳嗽上气篇》第6条中“咳而胸满,振寒脉数,咽干不渴,时出浊唾腥臭,久久吐脓如米粥者,为肺痈,桔梗汤主之”。尽管古籍中有诸多治疗咳嗽的药对基本方报道,但其实际的疗效还有待进一步确认和提高。
除基本药对外,迄今为止,现有技术报道的治疗咳嗽的中药复方数量也非常繁多,但因方剂中包括众多药味,药性各异,其科学性和用药的合理性有待进一步研究和规范。
因此,研究一种药味精简、配伍得当、效果显著且安全性高的止咳中药方剂,仍具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种药味精简、配伍得当、效果显著且安全性高的止咳药物组合物。
本发明提供了一种止咳的药物组合物,它由如下重量份数的原料药制成:
瓦布贝母3~9份、知母6~12份、川射干6~9份、黄芩3~9份、桔梗3~9份、甘草3~9份。
进一步地,它由如下重量份数的原料药制成:
瓦布贝母6份、知母6份、川射干6份、黄芩6份、桔梗6份、甘草6份。
进一步地,它是以所述原料药的原生药粉、水和/或有机溶剂提取物为活性成分,加上或不加药学上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
更进一步地,所述制剂为口服制剂。
更进一步地,所述口服制剂为片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、口服溶液、糖浆剂或煎膏剂;所述片剂包括:压制片、咀嚼片、泡腾片、包衣片或口含片;丸剂包括水泛丸、蜜丸、滴丸或含化滴丸。
更进一步地,所述口服制剂为颗粒剂。
本发明还提供了上述药物组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)瓦布贝母粉碎成粗粉,加乙醇加热回流提取,过滤,滤液除去乙醇得浸膏;
(2)将步骤(1)中过滤得到的滤渣与其余原料药一起加水煎煮,得煎煮液;
(3)步骤(1)的浸膏与(2)的煎煮液混匀。
进一步地,步骤(1)所述加乙醇回流提取是加60~80%乙醇回流提取2~4次,每次1.5~3h;
步骤(2)所述加水煎煮是加水煎煮1~3次,每次1.5~3h。
更进一步地,还包括如下步骤:将步骤(3)混匀的产物浓缩成稠膏,加入药学上可接受的辅料混匀;
优选地,所述药物组合物为颗粒剂,所述辅料为蔗糖和糊精,所述稠膏与辅料混匀后制成颗粒,干燥即得。
本发明还提供了上述药物组合物在治疗咳嗽的药物中的用途,所述药物是治疗风热咳嗽的药物。
本发明的有益效果:本发明以瓦布贝母为主药,与知母、川射干、黄芩、桔梗、甘草配伍,全方用药仅六味,药味精简、配伍得当,从润肺、宣肺、清肺、祛痰、利咽、清热泻火、清热解毒、清热燥湿、化痰散结、补脾益气等多个方面、多个环节发挥治疗作用,能够有效治疗咳嗽,尤其是风热咳嗽,其止咳祛痰和抗炎效果与二母散(川贝母和知母的药对)、黄芩射干汤(黄芩和射干的药对)、桔梗汤(桔梗和甘草的药对)三种经典组方相比,具有显著优势,且无明显毒副作用,具有很好的临床推广应用价值。
本发明中瓦布贝母清热润肺,化痰止咳,用于肺热燥咳,干咳少痰,为君药;知母,清热泻火,滋阴润燥,用于肺热燥咳,为臣药;川射干清热解毒,祛痰利咽,用于热毒痰火郁结,咽喉肿痛,痰涎壅盛,咳嗽气喘,为臣药;黄芩清热燥湿,泻火解毒,用于肺热咳嗽,为臣药;桔梗宣肺,利咽,祛痰,用于咳嗽痰多,为佐药;甘草补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,调和诸药,用于咳嗽痰多,为使药。诸药合用,共奏清肺、化痰、止咳之功效,用于治疗风热犯肺、痰热内阻所致的咳嗽,症见咳痰不爽、痰黄或粘稠,咽喉肿痛等;或感冒、支气管炎见上述症状者。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1是醇提-水煮法制得的本发明组合物样品的色谱图。
图2是黄芩苷色谱图。
具体实施方式
除另有说明外,本发明所用原料与设备均为已知产品,通过购买市售产品所得。
仪器与试药
美国Agilent 1100液相色谱仪。
瓦布贝母、知母、川射干、黄芩、桔梗、甘草(购于四川省中药饮片有限责任公司),黄芩苷(购于中国药品生物制品检定所),甲醇(色谱纯),其余试剂均为分析纯,购于成都科龙化工试剂厂。
实施例1、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:醇提—水煮法
以上六味,瓦布贝母粉碎成粗粉,用70%乙醇加热回流提取3次,每次2小时,每次溶剂用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),过滤,滤液回收乙醇,得浸膏,备用;药渣与其余知母等五味加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,水用量为药材量的20倍(20L,V/W),合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,加入上述瓦布贝母浸膏,混匀,继续浓缩至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,加入蔗糖、糊精各320g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例2、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:水煮法,
以上六味(瓦布贝母碎成粗粒),加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,每次水用量为药材量的20倍(V/W),合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,加入蔗糖、糊精各320g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例3、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:水煮醇沉法,
以上六味(瓦布贝母碎成粗粒),加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,每次水用量为药材量的20倍(V/W),合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至体积为800ml的清膏,加95%乙醇1600ml,搅匀,静置过夜,滤过,滤液减压回收乙醇,浓缩至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,60℃减压干燥,制成干膏,粉粹,加入蔗糖、糊精各380g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例4、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:水煮上树脂法,
以上六味(瓦布贝母碎成粗粒),加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,每次水用量为药材量的20倍(V/W),合并煎液,滤过,滤液上已处理好的(即:D101大孔吸附树脂用5%NaOH乙醇溶液浸泡8~12h,放干,用流水洗涤至流出液pH值7,放干,再用5%的盐酸溶液浸泡8~12h,放干,用流水洗涤至流出液pH值7,即可)D101大孔吸附树脂柱(树脂量:药材量1:1,W/W),用3倍树脂量的水洗涤树脂柱,再用10倍树脂量的70%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,过滤,滤液减压回收溶剂至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,60℃减压干燥,制成干膏,粉粹,加入蔗糖、糊精各440g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例5、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:乙醇提取法,
以上六味粉粹成粗粉,加95%乙醇回流提取三次,每次1.5小时,每次乙醇用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),合并提取液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,加入蔗糖、糊精各380g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例6、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:乙醇提取上树脂法
以上六味粉粹成粗粉,加95%乙醇回流提取三次,每次1.5小时,每次乙醇用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),合并提取液,滤过,滤液浓缩至体积为600ml的清膏,加药材量20倍的沸水,搅拌溶解,放冷至50℃,溶液上已处理好的(即:D101大孔吸附树脂用5%NaOH乙醇溶液浸泡8~12h,放干,用流水洗涤至流出液pH值7,放干,再用5%的盐酸溶液浸泡8~12h,放干,用流水洗涤至流出液pH值7,即可)D101大孔吸附树脂柱(树脂量:药材量1:1,W/W),用3倍树脂量的水洗涤树脂柱,再用10倍树脂量的70%乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,过滤,滤液减压回收溶剂至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,60℃减压干燥,制成干膏,粉粹,加入蔗糖、糊精各440g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例7、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 200g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 200g 桔梗 200g 甘草 200g
制法:复合提取法,
以上六味(瓦布贝母碎成粗粒),加95%乙醇回流提取1.5小时,乙醇用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,备用;药渣再用50%乙醇回流提取1.5小时,乙醇用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,备用;药渣再用水煎煮2小时,水用量为药材量的20倍(V/W),滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,与上述各浓缩液合并,继续浓缩至相对密度为1.32~1.35(60℃)的稠膏,加入蔗糖、糊精各350g,混匀,制成颗粒,干燥,制成1000g,即得。
实施例8、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 100g 知母 200g 川射干 200g
黄芩 100g 桔梗 100g 甘草 100g
制法参照实施例1。
实施例9、本发明药物组合物的制备
处方:
瓦布贝母 300g 知母 400g 川射干 300g
黄芩 300g 桔梗 300g 甘草 300g
制法参照实施例1。
以下通过实验例证明本发明的有益效果。
实验例1、不同制备方法对有效成分的影响
本发明药物可通过水和/或有机溶剂提取制备,实施例的7种制备方法(即醇提-水煮法、水煮法、水煮醇沉法、水煮上大孔树脂法、醇提法、醇提上大孔树脂法、复合提取法)均可制得本发明具有止咳效果的药物组合物。为了进一步验证其有益效果,测定药物中有关成分如黄芩苷含量为参考指标,以了解不同制备方法对有效成分的影响。按一日剂量,即川贝母6g、知母6g、川射干6g、黄芩6g、桔梗6g、甘草6g,分别照上述7种方法制备原料药,得到干燥疏松粉末,参照《中国药典》高效液相色谱法(通则0512)进行黄芩苷的含量测定,具体方法如下:
色谱条件与系统适用性试验以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;以甲醇为流动相A,0.5%磷酸水为流动相B,按下表中的规定进行梯度洗脱;检测波长为280nm。理论板数按黄芩苷峰计算应不低于2500。
时间(分钟) | 流动相A(%) | 流动相B(%) |
0~20 | 30 | 70 |
20~27 | 30→38 | 70→62 |
27~60 | 38 | 62 |
60~70 | 38→60 | 62→40 |
70~75 | 60 | 40 |
对照品溶液的制备:取黄芩苷对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇制成每1ml含60μg的溶液,即得。
供试品溶液的制备:取装量差异项下的本品,混匀,取适量,研细,取约1g,精密称定,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入70%乙醇50ml,密塞,称定重量,超声处理(功率250W,频率50kHz)30分钟,放冷,再称定重量,用70%乙醇补足减失的重量,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液,精密量取10ml,置50ml量瓶中,加70%乙醇至刻度,摇匀,即得。
测定法:分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl,注入液相色谱仪,测定,即得。醇提-水煮法制得的组合物的试验色谱图见图1,黄芩苷对照品的试验色谱图见图2。
分别计算黄芩苷提取转移率,结果见表1。
表1本发明药物制备方法对有效成分的影响
*黄芩原生药经含量测定,黄芩苷含量为12.58%(中国药典2020年版一部P314),以此进行转移率的计算。
从上述结果可以看出,实施例1即醇提-水煮法制备工艺从有效成分提取转移率和成本综合考察为更优的制备工艺,故后续抗炎、止咳、祛痰实验采用实施例1制备的样品进行。
实验例2、本发明组合物的抗炎试验
1、试验样品的制备
样品①(本发明实施例1):取瓦布贝母粗粉10.0g,用70%乙醇加热回流提取3次,每次2小时,每次溶剂用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),过滤,滤液回收乙醇,得浸膏,备用;药渣与知母、川射干、黄芩、桔梗、甘草各10.0g加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,水用量为药材量的20倍,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,加入上述瓦布贝母浸膏,混匀,用蒸馏水调整体积至60ml,即得(1.0g饮片/ml)。
样品②(二母散:瓦布贝母+知母药对):取瓦布贝母粗粉30.0g,用70%乙醇加热回流提取3次,每次2小时,每次溶剂用量为药材量的5倍(V/W),过滤,滤液回收乙醇,得浸膏,备用;药渣与知母30.0g加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,水用量为药材量的20倍,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,加入上述瓦布贝母浸膏,混匀,用蒸馏水调整体积至60ml,即得(1.0g饮片/ml)。
样品③(黄芩射干汤:黄芩+川射干药对):取川射干、黄芩各30.0g,加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,水用量为药材量的20倍,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,用蒸馏水调整体积至60ml,即得(1.0g饮片/ml)。
样品④(桔梗汤:桔梗+甘草药对):取桔梗、甘草各30.0g,加水煎煮二次,每次2小时,水用量为药材量的20倍,合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩至适量,用蒸馏水调整体积至60ml,即得(1.0g饮片/ml)。
2、试验方法
取体重18~22g小鼠140只,雌雄各半,按性别、体重随机分为14组,分别灌胃上述样品①~④4.0、2.0、1.0ml/kg及阳性对照药氢化可的松(空白对照组给同等体积的蒸馏水)。各组分别在灌胃给药30min后,每只小鼠右耳涂布0.05ml二甲苯致炎造型,隔4小时后,将小鼠拉脱颈椎处死,立即剪下小鼠双侧耳廓,用直径8mm打孔器分别在同一部位打下耳圆片,用电子天平称重,以每鼠右耳片减去左耳片重量为肿胀度指标,将对照组和给药组的肿胀程度进行比较和统计学处理。结果如表2。
表2本发明组合物及其药对抗炎试验
备注:*P<0.05(与空白组比较),ΔP<0.05,ΔΔP<0.01(样品①与样品②③④比较)
从上表可以看出,本发明药物组合具有明显的抗炎消肿活性,在同等生药量和同等用药剂量下,与空白组及二母散、黄芩射干汤和桔梗汤各药对比较均具有显著性提升。
本发明通过合理的配伍用量,六味药共用相辅相成,协同增效,实现了显著优于传统药对的优异的抗炎消肿效果。
实验例3、本发明组合物的止咳试验
1、试验样品的制备
样品制备同实验例1。
2、试验方法
取体重18~22g小鼠140只,雌雄各半,按性别、体重随机分为14组,分别灌胃上述样品①~④4.0、2.0、1.0ml/kg及阳性对照药磷酸可待因(空白对照组给同等体积的蒸馏水)3天,在末次给药40分钟后,分别将小鼠置于倒置的500ml烧杯中,向烧杯内放置的小杯中注入0.15ml浓氨水。刺激小鼠15s,取出小鼠,观察小鼠2min内的咳嗽次数,并进行数据统计,结果见表3。
表3本发明组合物及其药对止咳试验
备注:**P<0.01,*P<0.05(与空白组比较);ΔP<0.05,ΔΔP<0.01(样品①与样品②③④比较)
从上表可以看出,本发明药物组合具有明显的止咳作用,在同等生药量和同等用药剂量下,与空白组及二母散、黄芩射干汤和桔梗汤各药对比较均具有显著性提高。
本发明通过合理的配伍用量,六味药共用相辅相成,协同增效,实现了显著优于传统药对的优异的止咳效果。
实验例4、本发明组合物的祛痰试验
1、试验样品的制备
样品制备同实验例1。
2、试验方法
取体重18~22g小鼠140只,雌雄各半,按性别、体重随机分为14组,分别灌胃上述样品①~④4.0、2.0、1.0ml/kg及阳性对照药氯化铵(空白对照组给同等体积的蒸馏水)。各组分别在灌胃给药30min后,腹腔注射0.25%苯酚红1ml。30分钟后脱颈椎处死小鼠,分离气管,以5%碳酸氢钠作为冲洗液反复冲洗气管三次,合并三次冲洗液,用比色法测定苯酚红含量,并统计数据,结果见表4。
表4本发明组合物及其药对祛痰试验结果
备注:**P<0.01,*P<0.05(与空白组比较);ΔP<0.05,ΔΔP<0.01(样品①与样品②③④比较)
从上表可以看出,本发明药物组合具有明显的祛痰作用,在同等生药量和同等用药剂量下,与空白组及二母散、黄芩射干汤和桔梗汤各药对比较均具有显著性提高。
本发明通过合理的配伍用量,六味药共用相辅相成,协同增效,实现了显著优于传统药对的优异的祛痰效果。
实验例5、典型病例
病例1:张某,女,51岁,2021年8月12日初诊。患者两天前因吹空调不适,出现感冒症状,症见:咳嗽、咯黄黏痰,咯痰不畅,不发热,不恶寒,口干,咽喉疼痛,头痛酸楚,舌质红,脉浮数,诊断为风热咳嗽,治宜清肺、化痰、止咳。药用:口服本发明颗粒剂,每日3次,每次1袋(每袋10g),外加安必仙胶囊(0.25g/粒),每日3次,每次2粒,头痛必要时加服克感敏片1片。服用5天后症状消失,痊愈,未见明显不良表现。
病例2:林某,男,42岁,2021年8月16日初诊,7天前因感冒,服用安必仙胶囊及抗病毒颗粒,4天后症状减轻,自行停药,但咳嗽症状时断时续,症见:咳嗽不爽,无痰或少痰,喉痒干咳,诊断为感冒后咳嗽或风燥伤肺咳嗽,因其肺脏余热未清,治宜清肺余热,化痰止咳。药用:口服本发明颗粒剂,每日2次,每次1袋(每袋10g),服用5天后症状消失,痊愈,未见明显不良表现。
综上,本发明提供了一种瓦布贝母、知母、黄芩、川射干、桔梗和甘草六味药配伍的药物组合物,药味精简、配伍得当,从润肺、宣肺、清肺、祛痰、利咽、清热泻火、清热解毒、清热燥湿、化痰散结、补脾益气等多个方面、多个环节发挥治疗作用,能够有效治疗咳嗽,尤其是风热咳嗽,其止咳祛痰和抗炎效果与二母散(川贝母和知母的药对)、黄芩射干汤(黄芩和射干的药对)、桔梗汤(桔梗和甘草的药对)三种经典组方相比,具有显著优势,且无明显毒副作用,具有很好的临床推广应用价值。
Claims (10)
1.一种止咳的药物组合物,其特征在于,它由如下重量份数的原料药制成:
瓦布贝母3~9份、知母6~12份、川射干6~9份、黄芩3~9份、桔梗3~9份、甘草3~9份。
2.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,它由如下重量份数的原料药制成:
瓦布贝母6份、知母6份、川射干6份、黄芩6份、桔梗6份、甘草6份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,它是以所述原料药的原生药粉、水和/或有机溶剂提取物为活性成分,加上或不加药学上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述制剂为口服制剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述口服制剂为片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、口服溶液、糖浆剂或煎膏剂;所述片剂包括:压制片、咀嚼片、泡腾片、包衣片或口含片;丸剂包括水泛丸、蜜丸、滴丸或含化滴丸。
6.如权利要求5所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述口服制剂为颗粒剂。
7.权利要求1~5任一项所述药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)瓦布贝母粉碎成粗粉,加乙醇加热回流提取,过滤,滤液除去乙醇得浸膏;
(2)将步骤(1)中过滤得到的滤渣与其余原料药一起加水煎煮,得煎煮液;
(3)步骤(1)的浸膏与(2)的煎煮液混匀。
8.如权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述加乙醇回流提取是加60~80%乙醇回流提取2~4次,每次1.5~3h;
步骤(2)所述加水煎煮是加水煎煮1~3次,每次1.5~3h。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,还包括如下步骤:将步骤(3)混匀的产物浓缩成稠膏,加入药学上可接受的辅料混匀;
优选地,所述药物组合物为颗粒剂,所述辅料为蔗糖和糊精,所述稠膏与辅料混匀后制成颗粒,干燥即得。
10.权利要求1~5任一项所述的药物组合物在治疗咳嗽的药物中的用途,优选地,所述药物是治疗风热咳嗽的药物。
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