CN114097954A

CN114097954A - Young pigeon later-stage artificial fattening feed and preparation and feeding methods thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114097954A
Application number: CN202111582861.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢鹏; 朱建国; 刘廷武; 卜柱; 刘颖; 周刚; 刁恩杰; 徐永刚; 周坤; 汪沐
Original assignee: Huaiyin Normal University
Current assignee: Huaiyin Normal University
Priority date: 2021-12-22
Filing date: 2021-12-22
Publication date: 2022-03-01

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of animal breeding and discloses a squab later-stage artificial fattening feed and a manufacturing and feeding method thereof, wherein corn, wheat and full-fat puffed soybean are subjected to coarse crushing, and then are fully stirred and mixed with calcium dihydrogen phosphate, mountain flour, DL-methionine, DL-lysine and sodium chloride according to a formula ratio to obtain a coarse powder mixture; carrying out superfine grinding on the coarse powder mixture, and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a superfine powder mixture; and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the superfine powder mixture, the premix and the grease according to the formula proportion to obtain the artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeon in the later period. The fattening feed is prepared by superfine grinding and adding a thickening agent to solve the problem that the feed cannot be uniformly mixed with water when the artificial feed for the later period of the young pigeons is used, and the raw materials and the premix are scientifically proportioned according to the nutritional requirements of the young pigeons, and the compound enzyme preparation is added to solve various problems that the feed digestibility of the young pigeons is low, the growth performance is low, and the meat quality is difficult to accept by consumers.

Description

Young pigeon later-stage artificial fattening feed and preparation and feeding methods thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of animal breeding, animal nutrition and feed science, in particular to a young pigeon later-stage artificial fattening feed and a manufacturing and feeding method thereof.

Background

The prior art method comprises the following steps:

according to the published reports of the literature, similar to other poultry, the existing artificial gastric lavage feed for young pigeons in the later growth period (18-20 days old) is a composite daily ration based on corn-soybean meal-wheat, and when the artificial gastric lavage feed is applied, all raw materials are crushed and stirred and then are mixed with water in a certain proportion, namely, the artificial gastric lavage device is used for directly and artificially feeding the mouth.

The prior art has the problems that:

according to published literature reports and practical test operations of the applicant, the artificial gastric lavage feed has the phenomena of inconvenient feeding operation, uneven growth of the young pigeons, low average weight increase and even almost no growth of a part of the young pigeons in the fattening process of the young pigeons after 20 days, so that the formula and the operation method disclosed by the literature are obviously impractical in the practical large-scale production of the young pigeons.

The analysis reason is as follows:

(1) because the nutrition requirements of the young pigeons do not have unified national standards at present, and the published documents have little research on various nutrition parameters under the condition of artificial feeding of the young pigeons, feed production enterprises and young pigeon breeding enterprises allocate feeds by experience, and even in the actual production, the young pigeons are fed by directly mixing the granular feed of the breeding pigeons or other poultry feeds with water, so that the phenomenon of uneven breeding effect is easily caused.

(2) The published literature only reports the formulation of various nutrient feeds of later-stage artificial gastric feeding materials for young pigeons, but does not explain the processing and preparation processes of the feed, and practical researches of authors show that if the feed raw materials are simply crushed and uniformly mixed according to the conventional poultry feed preparation method and are mixed with water during use, the solid-liquid separation phenomenon is easy to occur, so that water-soluble nutrient substances and insoluble feed particles cannot be uniformly mixed, and the phenomenon of nonuniform nutrition feeding of young pigeons is inevitably caused in large-scale artificial feeding, so that the growth uniformity of young pigeons is poor.

(3) The pigeon belongs to late-onset birds, and analysis shows that the digestive absorption capacity of a digestive tract of the squab is weaker, natural anti-nutritional factors existing in plant feed raw materials have certain influence on the digestive absorption of the squab, although the natural pigeon milk formed in the later stage of the parent pigeon is almost all feed eaten by the parent pigeon, the feed is softened by the digestive tract of the parent pigeon, in addition, a crop liquid contains high-content digestive enzyme components, in addition, an author separates out microorganisms containing non-nutritional and nutritional components such as cellulose, fat and protein and the like from the crop content, and supposes that the microorganisms rich in the crop of the parent pigeon can assist the squab in the digestive absorption of the feed through the process of 'rumination' feeding. Therefore, the key point is that substances for assisting digestion and absorption are added into the artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeons scientifically and reasonably.

(4) Due to consumption habits and psychology, the acceptance degree of the naturally fed young pigeons is higher than that of the artificially gastric-fed young pigeons generally by the public, the reason is that people think that the meat quality of the naturally fed young pigeons is better than that of the artificially gastric-fed young pigeons, the poultry meat quality has great relevance with feed formula and feeding mode besides the variety factors, and the prior published documents have no comparison on the meat quality under the two feeding modes, so that the application of the artificially gastric-fed material in production practice is difficult to support effectively.

In conclusion, the disclosed artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeons in the later period is prepared by simply mixing the raw materials, does not meet the growth requirements of the young pigeons well due to the lack of reasonable processing technology and addition of bioactive substances, and cannot meet the requirements of consumers due to the meat quality of the fed pigeons.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a later-stage artificial fattening feed for young pigeons and a preparation and feeding method thereof, wherein the problem that the feed cannot be uniformly mixed with water when the later-stage artificial feeding feed for the young pigeons is used is solved by carrying out superfine grinding and adding a thickening agent when the fattening feed is prepared, and the problems that the feed digestibility of the young pigeons is low, the growth performance is low and the meat quality is difficult to accept by consumers are solved by scientifically proportioning various raw materials and premix according to the nutritional requirements of the young pigeons and adding a complex enzyme preparation; the popularization of the manual feeding of the young pigeons can realize a feeding mode of simultaneous feeding and simultaneous discharging of the young pigeons, facilitate the centralized epidemic prevention of the breeding of the young pigeons, prolong the service cycle of the meat breeding pigeons, and finally further improve the standardization and scale of the meat pigeon industry.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a later-stage artificial breeding fertilizer for young pigeons, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55% of corn; 10-16% of soybean meal; 15-20% of wheat; 8-12% of full-fat puffed soybeans; 1.0-1.1% of monocalcium phosphate; 1-1.5% of stone powder; 0.04-0.08% of DL-methionine; 0.1-0.2% of DL-lysine; 0.1-0.2% of sodium chloride; 2-2.8% of premix; 2-6% of grease; the premix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-8% of a thickening agent, 0.1-0.5% of glucose oxidase, 1-1.1% of a corn-soybean meal type compound enzyme preparation, 0.6-0.8% of ethoxyquinoline, 2-2.1% of calcium propionate, 1-1.1% of compound vitamin, 0.4-0.5% of compound mineral and 86-88% of soybean meal which is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

Preferably, the artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeon in the later period comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 49% of corn; 14% of soybean meal; 18% of wheat; 10% of full-fat puffed soybean; 1.05 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate; 1.2 percent of stone powder; 0.06 percent of DL-methionine; DL-lysine 0.14%; 0.15 percent of sodium chloride; 2.4 percent of premix; 4% of grease; the premix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7.5 percent of thickening agent, 0.125 percent of glucose oxidase, 1.042 percent of corn-bean pulp type compound enzyme preparation, 0.625 percent of ethoxyquinoline, 2.083 percent of calcium propionate, 1.042 percent of compound vitamin, 0.417 percent of compound mineral and 87.17 percent of bean pulp which is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

Preferably, the thickener is pectin and/or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Preferably pectin is used.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the young pigeon later-stage artificial breeding fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: (1) coarsely crushing corn, wheat and full-fat puffed soybean, and fully stirring and mixing with calcium dihydrogen phosphate, mountain flour, DL-methionine, DL-lysine and sodium chloride according to a formula ratio to obtain a coarse powder mixture; (2) carrying out superfine grinding on the coarse powder mixture, and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a superfine powder mixture; (3) and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the superfine powder mixture, the premix and the grease according to the formula proportion to obtain the artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeon in the later period.

Preferably, in the step (2), after the 60-mesh sieve is passed, large particles which are not passed through the sieve are recovered and subjected to superfine grinding again, and the sieved materials are combined to obtain the superfine powder mixture.

The invention also provides a feeding method of the later-stage artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeons, which comprises the steps of weighing the powdery fattening material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 according to the standard that 45-55 g of the breeding fertilizer is eaten by the young pigeons of 20-30 days old as each young pigeons, and thoroughly mixing and stirring the weighed fattening material with warm water at 37-40 ℃, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the breeding fertilizer to the warm water is 1: 2-3; then the prepared fertilizer is poured into the crop of the young pigeon and fed once a day.

Preferably, in the prepared fertilizer, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fertilizer to warm water is 1: 2.5.

Preferably, after the fertilizer is weighed, the fertilizer is placed in a heat-insulating barrel, and then the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed and stirred uniformly by warm water at the temperature of 37-40 ℃.

Preferably, the feeding time is started at 7 am daily.

Preferably, the operation method of pouring the prepared fertile fertilizer into the crop of the young pigeon is as follows: and (3) loading the fattening material into a special artificial gastric perfusion device or a plastic bottle with a rubber tube, inserting the front end of the gastric perfusion device or the plastic bottle with the rubber tube into the throat of the young pigeon, and extruding to enable the fattening material to enter the crop of the young pigeon.

Has the advantages that: (1) the fattening feed disclosed by the invention adopts moderate superfine grinding and a proper amount of thickener, so that the fattening powdery feed can be fully suspended in water, the solid-liquid separation phenomenon cannot occur, and no obvious particle sedimentation phenomenon is found in more than 1 hour in actual observation, so that the feeding uniformity can be effectively ensured, each squab can obtain consistent nutrition supply, and the regularity of the growth performance is improved. In addition, the moderate use of the thickening agent does not influence the digestion and absorption of the young pigeons on feed raw materials.

(2) The fattening feed disclosed by the invention adopts superfine grinding, provides a relatively rich enzyme preparation, and can effectively improve the digestion and absorption capacity of the squab on the fattening feed, and application examples show that the fattening feed can completely replace the natural feeding of parent pigeons from the production performance, even has a trend superior to the natural feeding of parent pigeons, and according to the meat quality analysis and comparison, each index of the meat quality of 30-day-old squabs naturally fed by the fattening feed and the parent pigeons has no obvious difference, so that the product quality is not influenced when the fattening feed is applied to the artificial feeding of squabs.

(3) The fertilizer has fine granularity and high uniformity, so that the blockage phenomenon of a discharge port can not occur in the extrusion and gastric perfusion process, and the fertilizer is fed only once every day without being fed for 2-3 times a day, thereby greatly saving the labor and time cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the artificial young pigeon late-stage breeding fertilizer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1: influence of different crushing conditions and thickening agents on settling rate of artificial breeding fertilizer in water in later stage of young pigeons

1. Design of experiments

According to the formula of the artificial fattening material for the young pigeons shown in the following table 1, large materials such as corn, full-fat puffed soybean and wheat are respectively ground according to two different grinding particle sizes, one is coarse powder with the grinding particle size according to a conventional poultry feed, the other is moderate superfine grinding and 60-mesh sieving, after being uniformly mixed, the large materials are fully stirred with a premix (except pectin) and grease, and then different thickening agents (sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) and the pectin) are adopted for mixing and stirring. The mode of use is shown in table 2 below: under the condition of coarse powder, thickening agent-free, 1 per thousand of CMC-Na, 2 per thousand of CMC-Na, 3 per thousand of CMC-Na, 4 per thousand of CMC-Na, 5 per thousand of CMC-Na, 6 per thousand of CMC-Na, 7 per thousand of CMC-Na, 6 per thousand of CMC-Na +1 per thousand of pectin and 7 per thousand of CMC-Na +2 per thousand of pectin are respectively adopted; under the condition of superfine grinding, thickener-free pectin with the proportion of 1 per thousand and pectin with the proportion of 2 per thousand are respectively adopted, a carrier (soybean meal powder with the granularity of 60 meshes) is used for balancing the formula, the components are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 1:2.5, and the solid-liquid separation time is recorded.

TABLE 1 formulation of artificial young pigeon breeding fertilizer base material (calculated by air-dry material)

¹Each 24g of premix comprises 0.03g of glucose oxidase, 0.25g of "corn-soybean meal" type compound enzyme preparation, 0.15g of ethoxyquin, 0.5g of calcium propionate, 0.25g of compound vitamin, 0.1g of compound mineral, 1.8g of pectin and 20.92g of 60-mesh soybean meal powder. Wherein the activity of the glucose oxidase is 10000U/g; the corn-soybean meal type compound enzyme preparation contains: 13200U/g xylanase, 5000U/g acid protease, 1200U/g mannase, 320U/g cellulase, 1200U/g mesophilic-amylase, 2000U/g neutral protease, 4000U/g alkaline protease, 20000U/g pullulanase; the compound vitamin can provide the following artificial breeding fertilizers for each kg of young pigeons: vitamin A5500 IU and vitamin D₃2500IU, vitamin E22 mg, vitamin K₃1mg of vitamin B₁2.5mg of vitamin B₂10mg of vitamin B₆4.5mg of vitamin B₁₂0.3mg, 7.5mg of nicotinic acid, 8mg of calcium pantothenate, 0.55mg of folic acid, 0.12 mg of biotin and 0.2g of choline chloride; the compound mineral substance can provide the following artificial breeding fertilizers for each kg of young pigeons: 55mg of iron, 35 mg of zinc, 20mg of manganese, 10mg of copper and 0.2mg of iodine.

²Calculated according to the Chinese feed ingredient and nutritional value table (21 st edition 2020).

Solid-liquid separation time recording method

Weighing 20g of fattening materials of different treatment groups in a 100ml beaker according to the experimental design, fully and uniformly mixing the materials with water according to the proportion of 1:2.5, standing until the powder is settled to the position 3mm away from the liquid level when solid-liquid separation is carried out, and recording the time. The results are expressed as the mean of three determinations.

Results

The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 solid-liquid separation time of fertilizer under different grinding particle sizes and thickener compatibility

As shown in the table, under the condition of coarse powder, the solid-liquid separation time of the feed is prolonged along with the increase of the use concentration of the CMC-Na, the effect of replacing part of the CMC-Na by the pectin is better than that of singly using the CMC-Na, the solid-liquid separation phenomenon of the feed in water can be obviously prolonged by carrying out ultramicro crushing and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve, the very good suspension effect can be achieved by only using 1.8 per mill of the pectin, and the uniformity of feed raw materials is high.

Conclusion

By combining the grinding granularity and the use mode of the thickening agent, and adopting ultramicro grinding and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve and 1.8 per mill of pectin, the artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeons in the later period can achieve better uniformity and suspension effect under the condition of 1:2.5 material-water ratio.

Embodiment 2: influence of artificial breeding fertilizers with different protein contents on weight of young pigeons in later growth period

1. Preparing a feed:

according to the formula proportion in the following table 3, corn, wheat and full-fat puffed soybean are subjected to coarse powder, and are fully stirred and mixed with calcium dihydrogen phosphate, stone powder, crystalline lysine, methionine and sodium chloride to obtain a coarse powder mixture; inputting the coarse powder mixture into an ultrafine pulverizer, performing ultrafine grinding, and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an ultrafine powder mixture; and returning the large particles which are not sieved to the ultrafine pulverizer for secondary pulverization and sieving, and combining the sieved substances. Taking 60-mesh screened soybean meal as a carrier, and uniformly mixing pectin, glucose oxidase, a corn-soybean meal type complex enzyme preparation, ethoxyquin, calcium propionate, composite vitamins and composite minerals to obtain the premix. And finally, fully stirring and uniformly mixing the superfine powder mixture, the premix and the grease according to the proportion shown in the following table 3, and packaging.

TABLE 3 Artificial breeding fertilizer for young pigeon base material (calculated by air-dry material)

¹The three groups of premix compounds respectively comprise 0.03g of glucose oxidase, 0.25g of 'corn-soybean meal' type compound enzyme preparation, 0.15g of ethoxyquinoline, 0.5g of calcium propionate, 0.25g of vitamin complex, 0.1g of compound mineral and 1.8g of pectin, and the contents of the 60-mesh soybean meal used as a carrier in 16%, 17% and 18% protein groups are 20.92g, 16.62g and 13.02g respectively. Wherein the activity of the glucose oxidase is 10000U/g; the corn-soybean meal type compound enzyme preparation contains: 13200U/g xylanase, 5000U/g acid protease, 1200U/g mannase, 320U/g cellulase, 1200U/g mesophilic-amylase, 2000U/g neutral protease, 4000U/g alkaline protease, 20000U/g pullulanase; the compound vitamin can provide the following artificial breeding fertilizers for each kg of young pigeons: vitamin A5500 IU and vitamin D₃2500IU, vitamin E22 mg, vitamin K₃1mg of vitamin B₁2.5mg of vitamin B₂10mg of vitamin B₆4.5mg of vitamin B₁₂0.3mg, 7.5mg of nicotinic acid, 8mg of calcium pantothenate, 0.55mg of folic acid, 0.12 mg of biotin and 0.2g of choline chloride; the compound mineral substance can provide the following artificial breeding fertilizers for each kg of young pigeons: 55mg of iron, 35 mg of zinc, 20mg of manganese, 10mg of copper and 0.2mg of iodine.

The feeding method comprises the following steps:

adopting a net frame type artificial feeding experiment for young pigeons, wherein the feeding period is 20 days old to 30 days old for 11 days, the young pigeons are fed at the room temperature of 25 +/-3 ℃, the feeding time is 7 am every day, the powdered fertilizer is weighed and placed in a heat-insulating barrel according to the standard that each young pigeon takes about 50g of fertilizer, the powdered fertilizer is thoroughly stirred and uniformly mixed by 37-40 ℃ warm water according to the proportion of 1:2.5 materials and water, a special artificial gastric perfusion device or a simple plastic bottle with a rubber tube is filled, the rubber tube at the front end is inserted into a throat of the young pigeons, the fattened materials are extruded into the crop, the young pigeons are fully filled with the crop, the feeding is only required to be carried out once every day, and the specific feeding amount can be adjusted according to the actual conditions of the growth and development of the young pigeons and the digestion and absorption of the fattened materials.

The comparative tests were divided into four groups: (1) a parent pigeon natural feeding group, (2) a 16% protein artificial feeding group, (3) a 17% protein artificial feeding group, and (4) an 18% protein artificial feeding group. Each group had 6 replicates, each replicate 5 young pigeons.

Feeding effect evaluation:

the feeding effect is mainly evaluated by three indexes: survival rate, mortality and health status. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA from SPSS 17.0 (SPSS inc., Chicago, IL) software, and the calculated results were expressed as mean ± standard error.P<0.05 indicated significant difference.

As a result:

TABLE 4 weight change of young pigeons under natural and artificial feeding conditions of parent pigeons

Note: the different upper case letters (a-b) in the same row indicate significant differences.

Under two feeding conditions of natural feeding of parent pigeons and artificial feeding of pigeons, no death of the young pigeons is found, the survival rate is 100 percent, and the young pigeons are lively and have good physical health conditions. The weight change is shown in table 4, the natural feeding effect of the parent pigeon before the 22-day-old of the young pigeon is better than that of the 17% protein artificial feeding group and is not significantly different from that of the other two groups, and after the 22-day-old of the young pigeon, the feeding effects of the artificial feeding materials of three different proteins are not statistically different from that of the young pigeon under the natural feeding condition of the parent pigeon, but the growth performance of the young pigeon in the 16% protein artificial feeding group is higher than that of the parent pigeon in the natural feeding and 17% protein artificial feeding groups.

Conclusion

The fattening feed prepared by the formula and the production processing technology has no statistical difference in the growth performance of the young pigeons under the artificial feeding condition and the natural feeding condition of the parent pigeons, and the formula of the artificial feeding feed with 16 percent of protein is suitable for the artificial feeding of the young pigeons with the age of 20-30 days.

Embodiment 3: influence of artificial fertilizer on meat quality of 30-day-old young pigeons

1. Test grouping

The comparative tests are divided into two groups: (1) a parent pigeon natural feeding group; (2) artificial feeding group. Each group had 6 replicates, each replicate 5 young pigeons, for a total of 30 young pigeons. The test period is 11 days, from the age of the young pigeon in 20 days to the age of the young pigeon in 30 days. The artificial feeding group adopts the 16 percent protein artificial fertilizer in the application example 2, and the feed production process and the feeding method are the same as the application example 2.

Test method

2.1 sample collection:

when the young pigeons are 30 days old, 12 slaughters are randomly selected from each treatment group, the right pectoral muscles are sampled and packaged into self-sealing bags, and the related indexes of meat quality are determined.

Conventional nutritional index of pectoral muscle

And (3) cutting, drying and grinding the squab breast muscle sample for detection. The indexes of dry matter, crude protein and crude fat in the sample are measured by adopting an AOAC (1990) method, wherein the dry matter content is measured by adopting a method that the sample is dried in an oven at 105 ℃ to constant weight; the crude protein content is measured by adopting a Kjeldahl method; the crude fat is determined by Soxhlet extraction.

Index of conventional meat quality of pectoral muscle

2.3.1 flesh color

Taking about 0.6 g of pectoralis muscle, adding distilled water according to the weight-volume ratio of 1:5 for homogenizing, centrifuging the homogenate for 10min at 3000 r/min, taking the supernatant, measuring at 540nm, and recording the light absorption value.

Value of

The pH value of the pectoral muscle was measured by pH meter, and the pH value was measured 3 times at different sites, and the average value was taken.

Tenderness of

Taking fresh pectoral muscle, cutting into strips with width of 1 cm and thickness of 0.5 cm along muscle fiber direction, measuring shear force value with C-LM3B type muscle tenderness meter, measuring for 3 times, and averaging.

Water binding force

Weighing 1-1.5 g (M1) of fresh breast muscle sample, placing 16 layers of filter paper on each upper pad and each lower pad of the meat sample, respectively placing a hard plastic pad on the outer layer, pressurizing by 35 kg from the outside, keeping for 5 min, immediately weighing the pressed meat sample after pressure is removed (M2), and calculating according to the following formula: water content (%) =1- (M1-M2)/M1 × 100%.

Data processing

The calculation results are expressed as mean ± sem. The SPSS software T-test verifies that the data are significantly different.

Results

The experiment determines the muscle quality index parameters of 30-day-old young pigeons under natural feeding of parent pigeons and artificial feeding by applying artificial fertilizer, and as can be seen from tables 5 and 6, the muscle quality index parameters have no significant influence on the dry matter, crude protein and crude fat content of breast muscles of 30-day-old young pigeons, as well as the meat color, pH value, tenderness and system water power indexes under different feeding modes.

TABLE 5 breast muscle nutrient content of 30-day-old young pigeon under different feeding conditions

Item	Natural feeding group for parent pigeons	Artificial feeding set
			Dry matter content (%)	26.03±0.18^a	25.71±0.34^a
Crude protein content (%)	21.12±0.12^a	20.93±0.22^a
			Crude fat content (%)	3.42±0.94^a	3.31±0.09^a

Note: the different upper case letters (a-b) in the same row indicate significant differences, and the same letter indicates insignificant differences.

TABLE 6 influence of conventional meat quality index of 30-day-old young pigeon breast muscle under different feeding conditions

Item	Natural feeding group for parent pigeons	Artificial feeding set
			Flesh color (OD 540 nm)	0.20±0.01^a	0.18±0.02^a
pH value	5.83±0.07^a	5.81±0.05^a
			Tenderness (kgf)	1.61±0.11^a	1.71±0.06^a
Water retention capacity (%)	75.33±1.12^a	74.09±1.09^a

Conclusion

The fattening feed has no obvious difference in the nutrition index and the meat quality index of the muscles of the young pigeons when the young pigeons are artificially fed and the parent pigeons are naturally fed. Therefore, the artificial breeding fertilizer in the patent can better replace the natural breeding of parent pigeons.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeon in the later period is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

45-55% of corn;

10-16% of soybean meal;

15-20% of wheat;

8-12% of full-fat puffed soybeans;

1.0-1.1% of monocalcium phosphate;

1-1.5% of stone powder;

0.04-0.08% of DL-methionine;

0.1-0.2% of DL-lysine;

0.1-0.2% of sodium chloride;

2-2.8% of premix;

2-6% of grease;

the premix comprises the following components in parts by weight:

7-8% of a thickening agent, 0.1-0.5% of glucose oxidase, 1-1.1% of a corn-soybean meal type compound enzyme preparation, 0.6-0.8% of ethoxyquinoline, 2-2.1% of calcium propionate, 1-1.1% of compound vitamin, 0.4-0.5% of compound mineral and 86-88% of soybean meal which is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

2. The squab later-stage artificial breeding fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:

49% of corn;

14% of soybean meal;

18% of wheat;

10% of full-fat puffed soybean;

1.05 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate;

1.2 percent of stone powder;

0.06 percent of DL-methionine;

DL-lysine 0.14%;

0.15 percent of sodium chloride;

2.4 percent of premix;

4% of grease;

the premix comprises the following components in parts by weight:

7.5 percent of thickening agent, 0.125 percent of glucose oxidase, 1.042 percent of corn-bean pulp type compound enzyme preparation, 0.625 percent of ethoxyquinoline, 2.083 percent of calcium propionate, 1.042 percent of compound vitamin, 0.417 percent of compound mineral and 87.17 percent of bean pulp which is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve.

3. The young pigeon late-stage artificial breeding fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the thickener is pectin and/or sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

4. A method for preparing a squab later stage artificial breeding fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:

(1) coarsely crushing corn, wheat and full-fat puffed soybean, and fully stirring and mixing with calcium dihydrogen phosphate, mountain flour, DL-methionine, DL-lysine and sodium chloride according to a formula ratio to obtain a coarse powder mixture;

(2) carrying out superfine grinding on the coarse powder mixture, and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a superfine powder mixture;

(3) and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the superfine powder mixture, the premix and the grease according to the formula proportion to obtain the artificial breeding fertilizer for the young pigeon in the later period.

5. The method for preparing a squab later stage artificial breeding fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (2), after sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, the sieved large particles are recovered and subjected to superfine grinding again, and the sieved materials are combined to obtain the superfine powder mixture.

6. A feeding method of a squab later-stage artificial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fattening material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a powdery form is weighed according to the standard that 45-55 g of the fertilizer is eaten by squabs of 20-30 days old, and then is thoroughly mixed and stirred with warm water at 37-40 ℃, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fertilizer to the warm water is 1: 2-3; then the prepared fertilizer is poured into the crop of the young pigeon and fed once a day.

7. The feeding method of the young pigeon later-stage artificial fertilizer for breeding according to claim 6, wherein the prepared fertilizer for breeding comprises a solid-to-liquid ratio of fertilizer to warm water of 1: 2.5.

8. The feeding method of the young pigeon later-stage artificial fertilizer for raising the young pigeons according to claim 6, wherein the fertilizer is weighed, placed in a heat-insulating barrel, and then thoroughly mixed and stirred with warm water at 37-40 ℃.

9. The feeding method of artificial young pigeon breeding fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the feeding time is 7 am every day.

10. Feeding method of squab later stage artificial fertilizer according to any of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the formulated fertilizer is poured into the crop of squab as follows: and (3) loading the fattening material into a special artificial gastric perfusion device or a plastic bottle with a rubber tube, inserting the front end of the gastric perfusion device or the plastic bottle with the rubber tube into the throat of the young pigeon, and extruding to enable the fattening material to enter the crop of the young pigeon.