CN114086205A - 一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114086205A CN114086205A CN202111365534.0A CN202111365534A CN114086205A CN 114086205 A CN114086205 A CN 114086205A CN 202111365534 A CN202111365534 A CN 202111365534A CN 114086205 A CN114086205 A CN 114086205A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- foam metal
- foam
- metal
- modified
- modified material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Co] FQMNUIZEFUVPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NHPHQYDQKATMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=S.[Co] Chemical compound [Cu]=S.[Co] NHPHQYDQKATMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRWHRIRADSHXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);nickel(2+);tetrasulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Fe+3].[Ni+2].[Ni+2].[Ni+2].[Ni+2] FRWHRIRADSHXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005486 microgravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/165—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon of zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/18—Acidic compositions for etching copper or alloys thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/26—Acidic compositions for etching refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/28—Acidic compositions for etching iron group metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/30—Acidic compositions for etching other metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
- C25B11/063—Valve metal, e.g. titanium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，涉及功能材料技术领域。本发明通过将市售泡沫金属进行裁剪、洗涤、酸处理改性、干燥、气相反应等步骤，制得本发明所述泡沫金属基改性材料。本发明所制得的泡沫金属基改性材料为原位改性材料，拥有优异的导电性和结构稳定性；此外，改性后的材料富含纳米孔道且表面异质金属比例可调，能有效加大电极/电解液接触界面，灵活调控和最优化材料的功能性应用。基于本发明的高活性、高导电性、高稳定性、高可控性以及简单易制备的优异特点，将之制成电极材料应用于电催化水解，具有过电位低、循环寿命长、法拉第效率高、生产成本低廉等有益特点，可适用于大规模商业化应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种泡沫金属基改性材料的低成本制备方法，具体地涉及一种泡沫过渡金属基改性材料的低成本制备方法，所述过渡金属选自铜、银、铁、铝、锌、镍、钴、钛中至少一种。
背景技术
随着社会经济的快速发展，以化石能源为主的能源消耗与日俱增，随之而来的是一系列的全球性能源危机、温室气体和环境污染等问题。氢能源因其无污染、热值大而被认为是绿色能源，相关研究正开展的如火如荼。氢燃料电池的逆反应即为水的电解过程，电解水产生的氧气、氢气纯度接近100％，且制备过程零碳排放。因此，电解水能充分满足氢燃料电池所用氢气、氧气的要求。然而，目前，商业化的电解水催化剂材料主要为铂、氧化钌、氧化铱等贵金属材料，资源的稀缺、过高的成本、较短的使用周期成为了限制电解水发展的主要瓶颈。
目前，泡沫金属基改性材料(主要指过渡金属基材料)以其成本低、电催化活性强、资源丰富而被作为电催化水分解电极材料的研究热点。目前，针对泡沫金属基改性材料的制备，主要有水热、化学沉积、油浴、热解等方法，而这些方法存在制备工艺复杂、时间冗长、成本高、条件苛刻、循环寿命短、催化活性弱、电化学稳定性差等技术缺陷。比如中国专利CN108774737B公开了一种泡沫金属基铅合金复合阳极材料的制备方法，先通过真空磁控溅镀进行表面处理，再经过真空微重力熔炼，然后经过双金属连续挤压才制得所述复合阳极材料，尽管具有较低的过电位，但存在操作复杂、设备要求苛刻、成本高昂、循环寿命短、电催化稳定性差等技术问题。
因此，有必要研发一种制备方法，解决现有技术中存在的机械稳定性差、材料导电性低、电催化活性弱、制备成本高等技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，通过将市售泡沫金属进行裁剪、洗涤、酸处理改性、干燥、气相反应等步骤，制得本发明所述泡沫金属基改性材料。本发明所制得的泡沫金属基改性材料具有导电性强、结构稳定、电催化活性强、循环寿命长、简单易制备、用途广泛等优点，有效解决了现有技术缺陷。
基于上述技术目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一方面，本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市售泡沫金属剪裁、用溶剂洗涤、烘干后得到表面干净的泡沫金属材料；
(2)将步骤(1)中所述干净的泡沫金属材料与酸溶液混合搅拌后，用溶剂冲洗、静置后烘干，得到改性泡沫金属材料；
(3)在惰性气氛下，将步骤(2)所述改性泡沫金属材料与粉体材料置于管式炉，升温加热后保温，得到改性泡沫金属基材料；或在空气中，将步骤(2)所述改性泡沫金属材料升温加热后保温，得到改性泡沫金属基材料。
进一步地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属为铜、银、铁、铝、锌、镍、钴、钛中至少一种的组合，优选地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属为铜、银、铁、铝、镍、钴、钛中至少一种的组合，具体地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属为铜、铁、铝、镍、钴中至少一种的组合。
进一步地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属孔隙率大于65％，优选地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属孔隙率大于75％，具体地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属孔隙率大于80％。
进一步地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属厚度小于3.0mm，优选地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属厚度小于2.0mm，具体地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属厚度小于1.5mm。
进一步地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属剪裁所得长方体面积为(0.1～2.0)×(0.5～3.0)cm2，优选地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属剪裁所得长方体面积为(0.5～1.5)×(1.0～2.0)cm2，具体地，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属剪裁所得长方体面积为1.0×1.5cm2。
进一步地，步骤(1)中所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、水中至少一种的组合，优选地，步骤(1)中所述溶剂为乙醇、丙醇、乙醚、水中至少一种的组合，具体地，步骤(1)中所述溶剂为乙醇、水。
进一步地，步骤(1)所述溶剂与泡沫金属比例为(5～5000)ml:(1～20)cm3，优选地，步骤(1)所述溶剂与泡沫金属比例为(5～4000)ml:(3～10)cm3，具体地，步骤(1)所述溶剂与泡沫金属比例为(5～3000)ml:(5～10)cm3。
进一步地，步骤(1)中所述洗涤时间为1～400min，优选地，步骤(1)中所述洗涤时间为5～300min，具体地，步骤(1)中所述洗涤时间为10～200min。
进一步地，步骤(2)所述酸为甲酸、乙酸、盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、草酸中至少一种的组合，优选地，步骤(2)所述酸为乙酸、盐酸、硫酸、草酸中至少一种的组合，具体地，步骤(2)所述酸为硫酸。
进一步地，步骤(2)中所述酸溶液浓度为0.01～50mol/L,优选地，步骤(2)中所述酸溶液浓度为0.01～30mol/L，具体地，步骤(2)中所述酸溶液浓度为0.01～20mol/L。
进一步地，步骤(2)中所述烘干温度为30～100℃，烘干时间为10～200min，优选地，步骤(2)中所述烘干温度为30～80℃，烘干时间为10～150min，具体地，步骤(2)中所述烘干温度为60℃，烘干时间为60min。
进一步地，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液的用量比为(1～30)cm3:(1～100)mL，优选地，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液的体积用量比为(1～25)cm3:(1～80)mL，具体地，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液的用量比为(1～20)cm3:(1～50)mL。
进一步地，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液混合搅拌时间为1～400min，优选地，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液混合搅拌时间为1～300min，具体地，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液混合搅拌时间为1～200min。
进一步地，步骤(2)中所述溶剂为乙醇、甲醇、丙醇、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、水中的至少一种的组合，优选地，步骤(2)中所述溶剂为乙醇、甲醇、丙醇、水中的至少一种的组合，具体地，步骤(2)中所述溶剂为乙醇、水。
进一步地，步骤(3)中所述粉体材料为硫基、硒基、氮基、磷基单质或盐中的一种，优选地，步骤(3)中所述粉体材料为硫基、硒基、磷基单质或盐中的一种，具体地，步骤(3)中所述粉体材料为硫粉、磷粉或次磷酸钠。
进一步地，步骤(3)所述改性泡沫金属材料与粉体材料在加热前需分别放入方舟中，然后再将方舟放入管式炉中进行加热；具体地，步骤(3)所述改性泡沫金属材料与粉体材料在加热前需分别放入方舟中，然后再将方舟放入管式炉中进行加热，其中放有粉体材料的方舟至于进气口一端。
进一步地，步骤(3)中所述惰性气氛为氦气(He)、氮气(N)、氖气(Ne)、氩气(Ar)中至少一种，优选地，步骤(3)中所述惰性气氛为氦气(He)、氮气(N)、氩气(Ar)中至少一种，具体地，步骤(3)中所述惰性气氛为氩气(Ar)。
进一步地，步骤(3)中所述加热升温速率为0.1-20℃/min，优选地，步骤(3)中所述加热升温速率为0.1-10℃/min，具体地，步骤(3)中所述加热升温速率为1.0℃/min。
进一步地，步骤(3)中所述加热温度为100-1000℃，优选地，步骤(3)中所述加热温度为200-800℃，具体地，步骤(3)中所述加热温度为200-600℃。
进一步地，步骤(3)所述泡沫金属基改性材料孔径为1～150nm，优选地，步骤(3)所述泡沫金属基改性材料孔径为1～100nm，具体地，步骤(3)所述泡沫金属基改性材料孔径为1-50nm。
相对于现有技术，本发明提供的技术方案具备有益效果如下：
1)本发明通过将泡沫金属材料进行酸处理，在泡沫金属表面刻蚀溶出一部分表面金属，从而在微米级金属材料上造出大量纳米孔道，为电解液的浸透以及离子的传输提供了大量通道，且提高了活性位点的暴露面积、电解液与电极材料之间的接触面积；
2)利用不同金属特性，选取酸的种类、浓度，进而调节不同金属的浸出速率，以达到泡沫金属表界面成分比例可控的目的，从而降低制备成本，增强高活性位点性能的发挥；
3)通过将市售泡沫金属材料简单的进行酸改性处理，以及与粉体材料分解或挥发出的气相物质反应后，制备出表面富含纳米孔道且表面异质金属比例可调的泡沫金属基改性材料；其应用于电催化电极材料时，在电流密度为10mA/cm2时，过电位仅为10-380mV、塔菲儿斜率为30-150mV/dec、双电层电容为2.0-6.5mF/cm2、循环时长长达20-300h，表现出优异的电催化性能；
4)本发明所制得的泡沫金属基改性材料为原位改性材料，拥有优异的导电性和机械稳定性；此外，改性后的材料富含纳米孔道且表面异质金属比例可调，能有效加大电极/电解液接触界面，灵活调控和最优化材料的功能性应用。基于本发明的高活性、高导电性、高稳定性、高可控性以及制备简单易操作的优异特点，将之制成电极材料应用于电催化水解，具有过电位低、循环寿命长、法拉第效率高、生产成本低廉等有益特点，可适用于大规模商业化应用。本发明操作过程简单、无需大型设备、绿色无污染、成本低廉，所得到的本发明所述泡沫金属基改性材料具有优良电催化特性和极高电化学稳定性，本发明所制得的电极材料用于电催化水分解、氧还原等领域时导电性好、过电位低、循环性能优异，适用于大规模的商业化应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1市场购买泡沫镍铁材料。
图2为本发明对比例制得泡沫金属基材料的扫描电镜图；
图3为本发明实施例1制得的泡沫金属基改性材料的扫描电镜图；
图4为本发明实施例1制得的泡沫金属基改性材料、商用RuO2、泡沫镍作为电催化析氧电极材料时的线性扫描伏安曲线图；
图5为本发明实施例1制得的泡沫金属基改性材料、商用RuO2、泡沫镍作为电催化析氧电极材料时，在电流密度为0.1A/cm2时的过电位条形图；
图6为本发明实施例1制得的泡沫金属基改性材料的生命周期图；
具体实施方式
以下实施例旨在说明本发明内容，而不是对本发明保护范围的进一步限定。
实施例1
本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市场购买的厚度为1.5mm泡沫镍铁，如图1所示，剪裁为面积为1×1.5cm2的长方体，随后用酒精、水各洗涤0.5h，经过60℃保温2h烘干后，得到表面干净的泡沫镍铁材料；
(2)将步骤(1)中干净的泡沫镍铁材料放置0.5mol/L硝酸溶液中，搅拌30min，用50ml水、50ml酒精冲洗后静置1h后在60℃保温1h烘干，得到改性泡沫镍铁材料；
(3)将步骤(2)中改性泡沫镍铁材料，2g磷粉分别放入方舟，再将方舟置于管式炉，其中放有磷粉方舟置于进气口一端。通入氩气，以1℃/min加热至600℃并保持2h后自然降至常温，得到改性后的泡沫磷化镍铁材料，如图3所示。
实施例2
本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市场购买的厚度为1.5mm泡沫钴铁，剪裁为面积为1×1.5cm2的长方体，随后用酒精、水各洗涤0.5h，经过60℃保温2h烘干后，得到表面干净的泡沫钴铁材料；
(2)将步骤(2)中干净的泡沫钴铁材料放置1mol/L硝酸溶液中，搅拌30min，用50ml水、50ml酒精冲洗后静置1h后在60℃保温1h烘干，得到改性泡沫镍铁材料；
(3)将步骤(1)中改性泡沫钴铁材料，2g次磷酸钠分别放入方舟，再将方舟置于管式炉，其中放有次磷酸钠方舟置于进气口一端。通入氩气，以1℃/min加热至300℃并保持2h后自然降至常温，得到改性后的泡沫磷化钴铁材料。
实施例3
本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市场购买的厚度为1.5mm泡沫铝，剪裁为面积为1×1.5cm2的长方体，随后用酒精、水各洗涤0.5h，经过60℃保温2h烘干后，得到表面干净的泡沫铝材料；
(2)将步骤(1)中干净的泡沫铝材料放置0.5mol/L硝酸溶液中，搅拌30min，用50ml水、50ml酒精冲洗后静置1h后在60℃保温1h烘干，得到改性泡沫铝材料；
(3)将步骤(2)中改性泡沫铝材料置于管式炉进行空烧，于空气中以5℃/min加热至200℃并保持3h后自然降至常温，得到改性后的泡沫氧化铝材料。
实施例4
本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市场购买的厚度为1.5mm泡沫镍铁，剪裁为面积为1×1.5cm2的长方体，随后用酒精、水各洗涤0.5h，经过60℃保温2h烘干后，得到表面干净的泡沫镍铁材料；
(2)将步骤(1)中干净的泡沫镍铁材料放置0.5mol/L硫酸溶液中，搅拌30min，用50ml水、50ml酒精冲洗后静置1h后在60℃保温1h烘干，得到改性泡沫镍铁材料；
(3)将步骤(2)中改性泡沫镍铁材料，3g硫粉分别放入方舟，再将方舟置于管式炉，其中放有硫粉方舟置于进气口一端。通入氩气，以1℃/min加热至600℃并保持2h后自然降至常温，得到改性后的泡沫硫化镍铁材料。
实施例5
本发明提供一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市场购买的厚度为1.5mm泡沫铜，剪裁为面积为1×1.5cm2的长方体，随后用酒精、水各洗涤0.5h，经过60℃保温2h烘干后，得到表面干净的泡沫铜材料；
(2)将步骤(1)中干净的泡沫铜材料放置10mol/L硫酸溶液中，搅拌30min，用50ml水、50ml酒精冲洗后静置1h后在60℃保温1h烘干，得到改性泡沫铜材料；
(3)将步骤(2)中改性泡沫铜材料，3g硫粉分别放入方舟，再将方舟置于管式炉，其中放有硫粉方舟置于进气口一端。通入氩气，以1℃/min加热至600℃并保持2h后自然降至常温，得到改性后的泡沫硫化铜材料。
对比例
按照实施例1的方法，跳过步骤2)，使用相同条件相同用量制备得到泡沫磷化镍铁材料，作为对比例，如图2所示。
实施例6
取实施例1-5制得的改性后泡沫金属基改性材料和对比例制得的泡沫金属材料，将之用作电催化析氧电极材料，测试其电催化性能，测试结果如表1所示。
由表1可知，较之于对比例，本发明具有超低的过电位、较小的塔菲儿斜率、较高的双电层电容和较长的循环时长，由此可见，酸化改性处理有利于提高本发明所述泡沫金属基改性材料的电催化性能，使本发明具有极高的电化学稳定性。
实施例7
将实施例1制得泡沫金属基改性材料和对比例制得泡沫金属基材料使用扫面电镜进行观察，得到扫描电镜图如图3、图2所示。对比图2、图3可知，本发明制得的泡沫金属基改性材料富含纳米孔洞，且形貌均一。
实施例8
将实施例1制得泡沫金属基改性材料、商用RuO2、市售泡沫镍作为电催化析氧电极材料，进行线性扫描伏安法实验，根据电压、过电位、电流密度和循环时间，如图4、5、6所示。
比较图4、5、6可知，本发明的过电位为239mV，远远低于商用RuO2的402mV、泡沫镍的478mV，表明本发明具有优异的电催化性能。本发明在循环时间为70h内，电流密度一直保持恒稳定，没有出现大幅下降趋势，表明本发明具有优异的电化学稳定性。
实施例9
将实施例5制得的泡沫硫化钴铜材料用于电催化全水解，测得其电催化性能，结果如下：
1)析氢反应中，测得在10mA/cm2时的过电位为56mV，塔菲儿斜率为43mV/dec，双电层电容为6.43mF/cm2，循环时长100h；
2)析氧反应中，在10mA/cm2时的过电位为205mV，塔菲儿斜率为56mV/dec，双电层电容为9.60mF/cm2，循环时长200h。
由上述可知，在析氢和析氧反应中，本发明实施例制备的材料表现出极低的过电位、较小的塔菲儿斜率、具有较高的电催化活性和较长的循环时长，由此可知。本发明具有优良的电催化性能。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明、具体实施方式及试验，对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将市售泡沫金属剪裁、用溶剂洗涤、烘干后得到表面干净的泡沫金属材料；
(2)将步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属材料与酸溶液混合搅拌后，用溶剂冲洗、静置后烘干，得到改性泡沫金属材料；
(3)在惰性气氛下，将步骤(2)所述改性泡沫金属材料与粉体材料置于管式炉，升温加热后保温，得到改性泡沫金属基材料；或在空气中，将步骤(2)所述改性泡沫金属材料升温加热后保温，得到改性泡沫金属基材料。
2.如权利要求1所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中所述泡沫金属为铜、银、铁、铝、锌、镍、钴、钛中至少一种的组合，所述泡沫金属孔隙率大于65％，所述泡沫金属厚度小于3.0mm。
3.如权利要求2所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述溶剂与泡沫金属比例为(5～5000)mL:(1～20)cm3。
4.如权利要求3所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述酸为甲酸、乙酸、盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、草酸中至少一种的组合，所述酸溶液浓度为0.01～50mol/L。
5.如权利要求1所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述洗泡沫金属材料与酸溶液的体积用量比为(1～30):(1～100)mL。
6.如权利要求1所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中所述粉体材料为硫基、硒基、氮基、磷基单质或盐中的一种。
7.如权利要求6所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)所述改性泡沫金属材料与粉体材料在加热前需分别放入方舟中，再将方舟放入管式炉中进行加热。
8.如权利要求7所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中所述加热升温速率为0.1-20℃/min；步骤(3)所述泡沫金属基改性材料孔径为1～200nm。
9.如权利要求1-8任一项所述泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、水中至少一种的组合。
10.一种权利要求1～9任一项所述方法制备的泡沫金属基改性材料在制备电极材料中的用途。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111365534.0A CN114086205A (zh) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | 一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111365534.0A CN114086205A (zh) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | 一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114086205A true CN114086205A (zh) | 2022-02-25 |
Family
ID=80301797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111365534.0A Pending CN114086205A (zh) | 2021-11-17 | 2021-11-17 | 一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114086205A (zh) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630822A (zh) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-20 | 太原理工大学 | 一种泡沫过渡金属固(气)态磷化自支撑析氢电极及其制备方法 |
| CN106784637A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 梅庆波 | 一种高能量密度锂硫电池正极材料的制备方法 |
| CN107805826A (zh) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-16 | 中国海洋大学 | 具备电催化氧析出性能的铁磷化合物修饰电极及制备方法 |
| CN109055973A (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-21 | 太原理工大学 | 铝掺杂三维纳米多孔金属硫化物析氢电极制备及使用方法 |
| CN109244442A (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 中南大学 | 一种多孔铝阳极及铝空气电池 |
| WO2019241717A1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-19 | University Of Houston System | HIERARCHICAL METAL PHOSPHIDE-SANDWICHED Ni5P4-BASED MICROSHEET ARRAYS AS ROBUST PH-UNIVERSAL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR EFFICIENT HYDROGEN GENERATION |
-
2021
- 2021-11-17 CN CN202111365534.0A patent/CN114086205A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104630822A (zh) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-05-20 | 太原理工大学 | 一种泡沫过渡金属固(气)态磷化自支撑析氢电极及其制备方法 |
| CN107805826A (zh) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-16 | 中国海洋大学 | 具备电催化氧析出性能的铁磷化合物修饰电极及制备方法 |
| CN106784637A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 梅庆波 | 一种高能量密度锂硫电池正极材料的制备方法 |
| WO2019241717A1 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-19 | University Of Houston System | HIERARCHICAL METAL PHOSPHIDE-SANDWICHED Ni5P4-BASED MICROSHEET ARRAYS AS ROBUST PH-UNIVERSAL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR EFFICIENT HYDROGEN GENERATION |
| CN109055973A (zh) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-21 | 太原理工大学 | 铝掺杂三维纳米多孔金属硫化物析氢电极制备及使用方法 |
| CN109244442A (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-01-18 | 中南大学 | 一种多孔铝阳极及铝空气电池 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| BO MA ET AL.: "Effective surface roughening of three-dimensional copper foam via sulfurization treatment as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting", 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY》 * |
| WENXIN ZHU ET AL.: "Nickel sulfide microspheres film on Ni foam as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting", 《CHEMCOMM》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108796535B (zh) | 一种具备三金属铜-钴-钼/泡沫镍多孔电极材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
| WO2021051897A1 (zh) | 一种电催化5-羟甲基糠醛氧化制备2,5-呋喃二甲酸同时电解水制氢气的方法 | |
| CN111111707B (zh) | 一种硒掺杂镍铁尖晶石/羟基氧化镍复合电催化剂材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
| CN113136597B (zh) | 一种铜锡复合材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN110983361B (zh) | 一种限域生长钴纳米颗粒的氮化钽碳纳米薄膜一体化电极及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN113005469A (zh) | 一种钌负载无定型的氢氧化镍/磷化镍复合电极及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN113201764A (zh) | 一种磷化镍-磷化铁-磷化钌/泡沫镍三维自支撑电极材料的制备方法和应用 | |
| Teng et al. | Selective CO 2 Reduction to Formate on Heterostructured Sn/SnO 2 Nanoparticles Promoted by Carbon Layer Networks | |
| CN113512738B (zh) | 三元铁镍钼基复合材料电解水催化剂、其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN114875442A (zh) | 一种钌修饰的钼镍纳米棒复合催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN110565113A (zh) | 一种用于碱性电催化析氢的复合电催化材料的制备方法 | |
| CN112921351B (zh) | 一种自支撑型催化电极的制备方法和应用 | |
| CN112680745B (zh) | 一种限域负载钌纳米团簇的氮化钨纳米多孔薄膜一体化电极及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN117089881A (zh) | 一种Pt纳米颗粒修饰的双金属LDH催化剂的制备方法及其工业电流密度电解水应用 | |
| CN116219484A (zh) | 一种高效的双金属氮化物/氢氧化物异质结构电催化剂、制备方法和应用 | |
| CN114086205A (zh) | 一种泡沫金属基改性材料的制备方法 | |
| WO2023279406A1 (zh) | 一种负载型催化剂的制备方法及其应用 | |
| Liu et al. | Self‐supported bimetallic array superstructures for high‐performance coupling electrosynthesis of formate and adipate | |
| EP4129469A1 (en) | Cobalt catalyst and preparation method therefor | |
| CN111420654B (zh) | 一种基于碳基纳米材料及其制备方法和用途 | |
| CN114214636B (zh) | 一种含硒配体制备钴基纳米片自支撑电极的方法及应用 | |
| Huang et al. | Oxygen evolution reaction enhancement enabled by a Ni-doped cobalt-based phosphate electrode with hierarchical pore structures | |
| CN114318408B (zh) | 一种自支撑Cu3P基异质结电催化剂及其制备方法与应用 | |
| CN115011995B (zh) | 一种铈基析氢电催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN110735152B (zh) | 一种Ni-Cu-C电催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220225 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |