CN114058609B - 一种h-蛋白及其应用 - Google Patents
一种h-蛋白及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于蛋白质工程领域。具体涉及利用蛋白质工程的定点突变技术改良H‑蛋白,进而提高或降低甘氨酸裂解酶系酶活。本发明通过对甘氨酸裂解酶系的理性设计,提出一种提高甘氨酸裂解酶系酶活的突变策略,使得甘氨酸裂解酶系的酶活得到显著提高,有效提高碳一合成路径的效率,这不仅能够提高上游对二氧化碳的吸收利用,同时能够促进下游的循环发展,对癌症,以及肥胖的治疗都具有积极的作用;部分能有效的降低合成效率起到调控作用。
Description
本申请是发明专利《一种H-蛋白突变体及其应用》的分案申请,原案申请日为2020年12月1日,申请号为2020113836483,发明名称为《一种H-蛋白突变体及其应用》。
技术领域:
本发明属于蛋白质工程领域。具体来讲,涉及利用蛋白质工程的定点突变技术改良H-蛋白,进而调控甘氨酸裂解酶系酶活。
背景技术:
甘氨酸裂解系统(Glycine cleavage system,GCS)能够可逆的催化甘氨酸裂解与合成反应,裂解反应将甘氨酸分解为二氧化碳和氨,与此同时,生成还原型辅酶(NADH)和一碳单元5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸;合成反应以二氧化碳、氨、NADH和5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸为原料合成甘氨酸。
甘氨酸裂解酶系由H,P,T,L四个蛋白组成,协同发挥作用。其中H蛋白作为组内的穿梭蛋白,以其硫辛酸臂连接其它三个功能蛋白的反应活性位点,进行循环反应。在代谢网络中,GCS是丝氨酸、甘氨酸、一碳单元代谢的重要组成部分,与肿瘤细胞生长、人类高甘氨酸血症、植物的光呼吸有密切关系。
我们通过对GCS反应机理进行研究,发现H-蛋白上关键氨基酸残基的突变可以影响GCS的活力,通过H-蛋白定向改造,可以显著提高或降低GCS的活力,进而定量可控的调节甘氨酸的合成及分解,这在肿瘤及神经性疾病治疗和植物抗衰老抗逆方面都有广阔的应用前景。
发明内容:
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明通过对甘氨酸裂解酶系的理性设计,提出一种改变甘氨酸裂解酶系酶活的突变策略,使得甘氨酸裂解酶系的酶活得到显著提高,从而促进了碳一合成路径的效率,有效提高了下游高附加值产物的产量;或使得酶活得到降低,进一步调控产物的合成。
本发明实现上述目的所采用的技术方案之一,是提供一种H-蛋白突变体,所述突变体是在SEQ ID NO.1(核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示)所示的H-蛋白原始序列上,发生了以下位点中的至少一个突变:
第12位的赖氨酸Lys(K);第35位的谷氨酸Glu(E);第68位的丝氨酸Ser(S);第69位的天冬氨酸Asp(D);或第71位的酪氨酸Tyr(Y);
进一步地,第12位的赖氨酸Lys(K)突变为Ala(A)、Ser(S)、Asp(D)、Val(V)Thr(T)或Ile(I);
进一步地,第35位的谷氨酸Glu(E)突变为Ala(A)、Ser(S)、Asp(D)、Val(V)Phe(F)或Arg(R);
进一步地,第68位的丝氨酸Ser(S)突变为Cys(C)、Thr(T)、Val(V)、Pro(P)、Asp(D)、Trp(W)、Gly(G)或Ile(I);
进一步地,第69位的天冬氨酸Asp(D)突变为Arg(R)、Leu(L)、Glu(E)、His(H)、Tyr(Y)、Lys(K)、Ile(I)、Thr(T)、Trp(W)、Met(M)、Val(V)、Cys(C)或Gly(G);
进一步地,第71位的酪氨酸Tyr(Y)突变为Gly(G)、Ile(I)、Ala(A)、Ser(S)、Arg(R)、Val(V)、Phe(F)、Leu(L)、His(H)、Thr(T)、Trp(W)、Lys(K)或Met(M)。
SEQ ID NO.1:
MSNVPAELKYSKEHEWLRKEADGTYTVGITEHAQELLGDMVFVDLPEVGATVSAGDDCAVAESVKAASDIYAPVSGEIVAVNDALSDSPELVNSEPYAGGWIFKIKASDESELESLLDATAYEALLEDE.
SEQ ID NO.2
ATGGGCAGCAACGTACCAGCAGAACTGAAATACAGCAAAGAACACGAATGGCTGCGTAAAGAAGCCGACGGCACTTACACCGTTGGTATTACCGAACATGCTCAGGAGCTGTTAGGCGATATGGTGTTTGTTGACCTGCCGGAAGTGGGCGCAACGGTTAGCGCGGGCGATGACTGCGCGGTTGCCGAATCAGTAAAAGCGGCGTCAGACATTTATGCGCCAGTAAGCGGTGAAATCGTGGCGGTAAACGACGCACTGAGCGATTCCCCGGAACTGGTGAACAGCGAACCGTATGCAGGTGGCTGGATCTTTAAAATCAAAGCCAGCGATGAAAGCGAACTGGAATCACTGCTGGATGCGACCGCATACGAAGCATTGTTAGAAGACGAG.
本发明还提供上述突变体的编码基因。
本发明还提供含有上述突变体编码基因的重组载体或重组菌株。
进一步地,所述重组载体采用的表达载体为pET-28a,pET-21a或pET-32a;
优选地,所述表达载体为pET-28a;
进一步地,所述重组菌株采用的宿主细胞为大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)或大肠杆菌JM109(DE3);
优选地,所述宿主为BL21(DE3)。
本发明还提供上述重组载体或重组菌株在制备H蛋白中的应用。
本发明还提供上述突变体在甘氨酸裂解及合成中的应用。
有益效果:
本发明通过对甘氨酸裂解酶系蛋白间反应机理的揭示,首次从蛋白质理性设计的角度,自上而下提出一种改变甘氨酸裂解酶系酶活的突变策略。其中涉及到的突变位点,部分能有效提高碳一合成路径的效率,这不仅能够提高上游对二氧化碳的吸收利用,同时能够促进下游的循环发展,对癌症,以及肥胖的治疗都具有积极的作用;部分能有效的降低合成效率起到调控作用。
具体实施方式:
下面通过具体的实施方案叙述本发明。除非特别说明,本发明中所用的技术手段均为本领域技术人员所公知的方法。另外,实施方案应理解为说明性的,而非限制本发明的范围,本发明的实质和范围仅由权利要求书所限定。对于本领域技术人员而言,在不背离本发明实质和范围的前提下,对这些实施方案中的物料成分和用量进行的各种改变或改动也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明以来自大肠杆菌的野生型H-蛋白为基础(SEQ ID NO.1所示),通过定点突变技术获得一系列H-蛋白突变体及其编码基因,该定点突变的过程为:
(1)设计突变引物,其原则为:正、反向扩增引物5’端包含15-21bp反向互补区域,各引物非互补区域长度至少15bp;
(2)目标质粒扩增,利用PCR技术对目标质粒进行扩增;
(3)扩增产物Dpn1消化,去除甲基化模板质粒;
(4)进行重组反应,扩增产物的5’端和3’端进行同源重组;
(5)转化、涂板、克隆鉴定,将重组反应液加入到感受态细胞中,冰水孵育后加入至LB培养基中,充分复苏后涂布在含有适量抗生素的平板上过夜培养。培养过后挑起平板上的单菌落进行测序,检测突变结果为阳性即可。
本领域技术人员可根据突变位点设计突变引物获得相应的突变体编码基因,并通过表达获得对应的突变体,也可以通过合成的方法获得本发明所述突变体及其编码基因。
在本发明中采用如下定义进行突变体的标识:
采用“原始氨基酸突变位置替换的氨基酸”来表示H-蛋白突变体。在本发明中,突变点位置的编号对应于SEQ ID NO.1中野生型H-蛋白的氨基酸序列编号,如K12A表示位置12的氨基酸由野生型H-蛋白的K(Lys)替换成A(Ala)后获得的H-蛋白突变体。
下面通过具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1突变体质粒的构建
(1)设计突变引物。其原则为:正、反向扩增引物5’端包含15-21bp反向互补区域,各引物非互补区域长度至少15bp;
(2)目标质粒扩增。利用PCR技术对包含有野生型H蛋白编码基因的pET28a-H野生型质粒,以及含有突变体编码基因的pET28a-突变体质粒进行扩增,反应体系如下:
反应条件如下:
(3)扩增产物Dpn1消化,去除甲基化模板质粒。体系如下:
(4)进行重组反应。扩增产物的5’端和3’端进行同源重组。反应体系如下:
(5)转化。取20μL冷却反应液,加入到200μL BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,轻弹管壁数下混匀,在冰上放置30min。42℃热激45-90秒,冰水浴孵育2min。加入900μL LB培养基,37℃孵育10min充分复苏。37℃摇菌45min。取100μL菌液均匀涂布在含有适当抗生素的平板上。将平板倒置,于37℃过夜培养。挑取单克隆送测序,返还保存正确的突变体质粒。
实施例2目的蛋白的表达,分离和纯化
取1μL突变体质粒加入到BL21感受态细胞中,冰水孵育,复苏,涂布,过夜培养,挑菌。将平板中生长的单菌落挑至含卡那霉素(50μg/mL)的4mL LB培养基中(胰蛋白胨10g/L,氯化钠10g/L和酵母粉5g/L),在37℃,220r/min的条件下培养至OD600为1.8~2.0时,以1%的接种量转入含有那霉素(50μg/mL)的200mL LB培养基扩大培养。待OD600达到0.7时,分别加入150μL的外源硫辛酸,以及0.2mM的IPTG,此时将温度调至30℃,待12h后收集菌体。
将收集的菌体用10mL的Tris-HCl(50mM,pH 7.5)缓冲溶液重悬,重悬之后使用匀浆破碎仪进行破胞,破胞液在12000rpm条件下离心30min,离心后得到的上清液经0.45μM的滤膜过滤后用于蛋白纯化。蛋白纯化采用His标签亲和层析方法在进行。其中BufferA(500mM NaCl,50mM Tris-HCl and 20mM imidazole,pH=7.4)用于洗脱非目标蛋白,Buffer B(500mM NaCl,50mM Tris-HCl and 500mM imidazole,pH=7.4)用于洗脱镍柱中的目标蛋白。
实施例3甘氨酸裂解酶系(裂解方向)酶活的测定
甘氨酸裂解酶系其酶活的测定方法,采用的是在340nm下,测定NADH的生成情况来实现的。反应体系(200μL)中包含1mM NAD+,1mM四氢叶酸,0.1mM磷酸吡哆醛,6μM P-蛋白,13μM T-蛋白,8μM L-蛋白,100mM Tris-HCl(pH=7.0),以及6μM H-蛋白或其任一种突变体。所有组分在反应之前事先预混,离心。之后加入1mM甘氨酸启动反应。
在本发明中,GCS的甘氨酸裂解活力单位定义为由每分钟生成1μmol NADH所需H-蛋白的量来确定。经测定,野生型GCS甘氨酸裂解活力为0.34μmol/min/mg,K12、E35、部分D69、S68及Y71位H-蛋白突变体的GCS甘氨酸裂解活力提高20-600%,部分D69位的突变体的GCS甘氨酸裂解活力降低30-90%,具体结果如下表所示:
H-蛋白野生型及其突变体酶活测定
实施例4甘氨酸裂解酶系(合成方向)酶活的测定
本着“催化剂可以同样程度地加快正、逆反应的速率”的原则,上述突变体会在甘氨酸合成方向体现出同样的变化,我们选取了有代表性的突变体进行了验证。
GCS合成方向活力通过检测体系中甘氨酸浓度的升高来确定,反应体系包括100mMTris-HCl缓冲液(pH=7.5),10mM甲醛,0.5mM THF,50mM NH4HCO3,5mM NADH,0.5mM PLP,5μMP-蛋白,5μM T-蛋白,5μM L-蛋白,10μM H-蛋白或突变体。
用丹磺酰氯衍生法定量测定甘氨酸:在进样前对样品进行预处理,取出40μL样品添加到160μL碳酸氢钠(0.2M)和200μL丹磺酰氯(5.4mg/mL)混合体系中,30℃水浴30min。然后,向衍生后的样品中添加600μL 0.12M盐酸调节pH值为中性。
样品混匀后10,000rpm高速离心取上清,0.22μm滤膜过滤后用C18反向色谱柱(Shim-pack GIST,5μm,4.6×250mm)分析,流动相为25%乙腈和75%的磷酸钾缓冲液(20mM,pH 6),流速为0.8mL/min,柱温30℃。
GCS合成方向活力定义为每分钟生成1μmol甘氨酸所需H-蛋白的量,野生型GCS甘氨酸合成活力为0.07μmol/min/mg。
具体结果如下表所示:
突变体 | 相对酶活(%) |
野生型 | 100±8 |
K12A | 590±12 |
K12D | 307±8 |
E35A | 301±9 |
E35V | 125±5 |
S68P | 166±10 |
Y71L | 289±8 |
Y71G | 130±7 |
D69R | 4±2 |
D69W | 42±6 |
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本专利构思的前提下,上述各实施方式还可以做出若干变形、组合和改进,这些都属于本专利的保护范围。因此,本专利的保护范围应以权利要求为准。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 北京化工大学
<120> 一种H-蛋白及其应用
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Claims (5)
1. 一种H-蛋白突变体,其特征在于,所述H-蛋白突变体是在SEQ ID NO.1所示的野生型H-蛋白的基础上,将第71位的酪氨酸Tyr(Y)突变为Gly(G)、Ile(I)、Ala(A)、Ser(S)、Arg(R)、Val(V)、Phe(F)或Leu(L)、His(H)、Thr(T)、Trp(W)、Lys(K)或Met(M)所得。
2.权利要求1所述H-蛋白突变体的编码基因。
3.含有权利要求2所述基因的重组载体或重组菌株。
4.权利要求3所述重组载体或重组菌株在生产权利要求1所述H-蛋白突变体中的应用。
5.权利要求1所述H-蛋白突变体在甘氨酸裂解或合成中的应用。
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