CN114051971A - High-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
An efficient ecological breeding method for young pigeons comprises the steps of improving the yield of young pigeons by combining segmented egg increasing and feeding of pigeons with an ecological formula, enabling a male pigeon and a female pigeon to hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs at a time by redistributing the eggs of pigeons laid by different parent pigeons on the same day, utilizing the ecological formula pigeons with corn, pea and wheat as main materials and egg, pepper seed and effective traditional Chinese medicine formula additives as well as fast growth and weight increment after the pigeon milk feeding is finished, enabling the artificial feeding, induced feeding and all-independent feeding to be completed quickly in each stage, strictly ensuring the period control of the young pigeons from hatching to shelling to marketing in the first month (30 days), ensuring the growth speed and survival rate of the young pigeons and providing a traditional Chinese medicine additive formula strategy with low popularization value, the cost of the whole industry is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of young pigeon production and breeding, in particular to a high-efficiency young pigeon ecological breeding method.
Background
In the production and breeding of young pigeons, the most important factors related to high efficiency and high yield are the scientificity of production arrangement and the scientificity of feeding, and the most important factors related to ecological breeding are the feeding without antibiotics or with few antibiotics. In the two aspects, the mode that the big pigeons lay two eggs one by one in a male and female way before is continuously used is that the big pigeons are incubated for 18 days, the small pigeons are taken out of shells, the big pigeons are fed with pigeon milk for about 8 days, the big pigeons are fed with feed containing Chinese medicinal components by one in 6 times of pigeon milk after 8 days, the small pigeons are completely fed with the feed after 18 days, the big pigeons can feed the small pigeons 30 days later, and the big pigeons of the male and female can only produce 10-16 young pigeons one year, so the efficiency is very low. Moreover, with the expansion of the culture scale, the cost of the feed containing traditional Chinese medicine components used for replacing antibiotics also becomes a factor which needs to be considered, and the prices of the medicinal powder raw materials or the traditional Chinese medicine feed additives on the market are not low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, which improves the yield of young pigeons by combining segmented egg increasing and ecological formula pigeon feed feeding, and introduces an ecologically scientific pigeon feed formula and an edible fermented traditional Chinese medicine filter residue byproduct, thereby not only ensuring the growth speed and survival rate of young pigeons, but also providing a traditional Chinese medicine additive formula strategy with low cost popularization value, and reducing the cost of the whole industry.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an efficient ecological breeding method for young pigeons comprises feeding pigeons with sectional egg increasing and ecological formula, redistributing eggs of pigeons laid on same day by different parent pigeons when sectional egg increasing is used, and allowing a male pigeon and a female pigeon to hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs at a time; when the ecological formula pigeon feed is used for feeding, the traditional Chinese medicine formulas are matched according to the formula, and the matched traditional Chinese medicine formulas are added into the main material of the pigeon feed according to the proportion.
Further, the high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting a batch of pigeon eggs laid by different parent pigeons on the same day, recording, redistributing the pigeon eggs laid by the different parent pigeons on the same day, and allowing a male pigeon and a female pigeon to hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs per pair of parent pigeons at one time;
s2, hatching more than 3 pigeon eggs distributed in the step S1 by a male pigeon, a female pigeon and each pair of parent pigeons for 18 days, and then, discharging more than 3 young pigeons;
s3, feeding the parent pigeons with pigeon milk for 7-9 days, and entering an artificial feeding stage, wherein the young pigeons are obtained in the step S2;
s4, utilizing the ecological formula pigeon feed to feed the young pigeons obtained in the step S3 artificially for 4-6 days;
and S5, enabling the young pigeon obtained in the step S4 to independently feed by using an induction method, finishing induction, and enabling the young pigeon to independently feed the ecological formula pigeon material until the breeding period of the young pigeon is reached.
Further, according to the high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, in the ecological formula pigeon feed, the traditional Chinese medicine formula accounts for not less than 0.8% and not more than 3.5% of the total mass of the pigeon feed.
Further, according to the high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, the ecological formula pigeons contain eggs which account for not less than 3% and not more than 6% of the total mass of the pigeons.
Further, in the above high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, in step S3, the parent pigeons are fed with pigeon milk for 8 days, and the young pigeons obtained in step S2 enter an artificial feeding stage; in the step S4, the young pigeon obtained in the step S3 is fed manually for 5 days by using the ecological formula pigeon feed; in the step S5, the number of days for inducing feeding is 2-3 days, and the number of days for the young pigeon to completely and autonomously feed after the induction is finished is 14-16 days.
Further, according to the above high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, the matching of the traditional Chinese medicine formulas according to the formula comprises the following steps:
s-1, selecting traditional Chinese medicine filter residue materials produced in probiotic production by probiotic manufacturers as main materials of a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used in the ecological formula pigeon feed;
s-2, selecting an empirical formula or a commercial formula as a traditional Chinese medicine additive in the pigeon feed in the feeding of the young pigeons as a reference standard of the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula used in the preparation of the ecological formula pigeon feed;
wherein the empirical prescription or commercial prescription selected in step S-2 contains all or the main Chinese medicinal components of the Chinese medicinal residue material selected in step S-1;
s-3, supplementing new traditional Chinese medicine materials to the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue materials prepared in the step S-1 by taking the empirical formula or the commercial formula selected in the step S-2 as a formula reference standard so as to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine formula which is consistent with or improved in formula proportion to the empirical formula or the commercial formula;
s-4, adding the matched traditional Chinese medicine formula into the main material of the pigeon feed in proportion, and performing feeding verification in the steps S4 and S5;
and S-5, collecting and analyzing the feeding verification result in the step S-4, fixing the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula if the feeding verification result meets the index requirement, and continuing to improve the traditional Chinese medicine formula by referring to the formula of the empirical formula or the commercial formula if the feeding verification result does not meet the index requirement until the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula is fixed after the feeding verification result meets the index requirement.
Further, in the above high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, the Chinese medicine filter residue material selected in the step S-1 is preferably a Chinese medicine filter residue material produced after a process of mixing and fermenting with probiotics.
Further, in the above high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, in the step S-3 and the step S-5, the Chinese herbal medicine formulation is improved by correcting the proportion of the Chinese herbal medicine filter residue material by using a correction coefficient K greater than 1, that is: the adding proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material after correction is equal to the adding proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material before correction multiplied by K.
Further, according to the high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, the value range of the correction coefficient K is 1.2-1.8.
Further, according to the high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, the main materials of the pigeon materials comprise corn, pea and wheat.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons, which improves the yield of young pigeons by combining segmented egg increasing and feeding of pigeon materials with ecological formulas, ensures that one parent pigeon and one parent pigeon hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs at a time by redistributing pigeon eggs laid by different parent pigeons on the same day, ensures that the young pigeons are fed by the pigeon materials with ecological formulas, which take corn, pea and wheat as main materials and are added with eggs, pepper seeds and effective traditional Chinese medicine formula additives, has fast growth and weight increment, ensures that the later artificial feeding, induced feeding and all-autonomous feeding stages are quickly completed, can strictly ensure the control of the period from hatching to shelling of the young pigeons to the first market in one month (30 days), ensures the ecological scientific pigeon material formula and the introduction of edible-grade fermented traditional Chinese medicine filter residue byproducts, not only ensures the growth speed and survival rate of the young pigeons, but also provides a traditional Chinese medicine formula additive strategy with low cost and popularization value, the cost of the whole industry is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An efficient ecological breeding method for young pigeons comprises feeding pigeons with sectional egg increasing and ecological formula, redistributing eggs of pigeons laid on same day by different parent pigeons when sectional egg increasing is used, and allowing a male pigeon and a female pigeon to hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs at a time; when the ecological formula pigeon feed is used for feeding, the traditional Chinese medicine formulas are matched according to the formula, and the matched traditional Chinese medicine formulas are added into the main material of the pigeon feed according to the proportion. The process specifically comprises the following steps:
and S1, collecting a batch of pigeon eggs laid by different parent pigeons on the same day, recording, redistributing the pigeon eggs laid by the different parent pigeons on the same day, and allowing a male pigeon egg to be hatched for more than 3 pigeon eggs every pair of parent pigeons.
Here, more than 3 people use 3 or 4, and more than 4 people can increase the difficulty of a pair of parent pigeons in hatching young pigeons.
And S2, hatching more than 3 pigeon eggs distributed in the step S1 by a male pigeon, a female pigeon and each pair of parent pigeons for 18 days, and then, discharging more than 3 young pigeons.
S3, the parent pigeon feeds the young pigeon obtained in the step S2 with pigeon milk for 8 days, and the artificial feeding stage is started.
S4, the young pigeon obtained in the step S3 is fed manually for 5 days by utilizing the ecological formula pigeon feed.
And S5, enabling the young pigeon obtained in the step S4 to independently feed by using an induction method, finishing induction, and enabling the young pigeon to independently feed the ecological formula pigeon material until the breeding period of the young pigeon is reached.
The number of days for inducing food can be 2-3 days, generally, the pigeons can eat the food by themselves after 2 days, and thus the pigeons can eat the food by themselves for 15 days.
According to the invention, after pigeon milk is fed, an ecological formula pigeon feed which takes corn, pea and wheat as main materials and is added with eggs, pepper seeds and effective traditional Chinese medicine formula additives is used for feeding, and the formula of the ecological formula pigeon feed is as follows according to the weight percentage: 45 to 55 percent of corn, 20 to 30 percent of pea, 12 to 18 percent of wheat, 4 to 6 percent of pepper seed, 3.5 to 5 percent of egg (whole egg or yolk), 0.9 to 1.4 percent of traditional Chinese medicine components, and the common proportion is as follows: 50% of corn, 25% of pea, 15% of wheat, 5% of pepper seed, 4% of egg and 1% of traditional Chinese medicine components. The above formula is a formula before adding water because the water is used differently in the early and late stages of feeding. The traditional Chinese medicine components are proved to be better formulas of astragalus, rhubarb and purslane, and the three proportions are 1.2-1.4: 0.9-1.1: 0.9-1.1, the usual ratios are 1.3: 1: 1, when the formula does not use the astragalus, the proportion of the rhubarb and the purslane is not changed, and the whole dosage is increased. The method for producing the young pigeons by combining the sectional egg increasing and the feeding of the ecological formula pigeons not only greatly improves the yield of the young pigeons and can reach 24-36 young pigeons and more, but also ensures that the survival rate after hatching reaches more than 98 percent, the morbidity is not less than 5 percent, the average daily weight gain is close to 7g, and the yield is higher than that of other manufacturers in the same industry.
Example 2
In this embodiment, young pigeons are produced as described in example 1, but when preparing a traditional Chinese medicine addition, a traditional Chinese medicine residue byproduct generated in probiotic production is purchased from peripheral probiotic manufacturers, the byproduct is generated in mixed fermentation of traditional Chinese medicines and probiotics, is edible, is a pure extract, is subjected to a fermentation process, and when the raw materials are adopted to match a traditional Chinese medicine formula, the aforementioned steps can be referred to:
s-1, selecting traditional Chinese medicine filter residue materials produced in probiotic production by probiotic manufacturers as main materials of a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used in the ecological formula pigeon feed;
s-2, selecting an empirical formula or a commercial formula as a traditional Chinese medicine additive in the pigeon feed in the feeding of the young pigeons as a reference standard of the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula used in the preparation of the ecological formula pigeon feed;
wherein the empirical prescription or commercial prescription selected in step S-2 contains all or the main Chinese medicinal components of the Chinese medicinal residue material selected in step S-1;
s-3, supplementing new traditional Chinese medicine materials to the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue materials prepared in the step S-1 by taking the empirical formula or the commercial formula selected in the step S-2 as a formula reference standard so as to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine formula which is consistent with or improved in formula proportion to the empirical formula or the commercial formula;
s-4, adding the matched traditional Chinese medicine formula into the main material of the pigeon feed in proportion, and performing feeding verification in the steps S4 and S5;
and S-5, collecting and analyzing the feeding verification result in the step S-4, fixing the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula if the feeding verification result meets the index requirement, and continuing to improve the traditional Chinese medicine formula by referring to the formula of the empirical formula or the commercial formula if the feeding verification result does not meet the index requirement until the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula is fixed after the feeding verification result meets the index requirement.
Next, the method is verified by utilizing the purchased by-product of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue used in the production of the astragalus lactobacillus, the traditional Chinese medicine component in the by-product of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue is mainly astragalus, in the step S-2, the theoretical formula of the astragalus, the rheum officinale and the purslane mentioned in the example 1 is selected for verification, and the cold-dried filter residue, the rheum officinale and the purslane are firstly prepared into 1.3: 1: the additive of the traditional Chinese medicine prescription 1 is fed to young pigeons according to the same feeding program (comprising the feeding amount per day, the feeding times per day, the water-material ratio and the breeding temperature of each stage, and fixed through the operation standard) as that of the additive of the traditional Chinese medicine prescription 1, and the indexes of 20 days old of 300 young pigeons are recorded and sampled, and the comparison condition is as follows:
| chinese medicine prescription | Proportioning | Survival rate | Incidence of disease | Daily gain |
| Radix astragali, radix Rumicis, herba Portulacae | 1.3：1：1 | 98.0％ | 4.0％ | 6.79g |
| Filter residue, rhubarb root and purslane | 1.3：1：1 | 97.3％ | 5.7％ | 6.80g |
Although the feeding results are not very different, the method for replacing scutellaria baicalensis with filter residues is still a little insufficient, because the effective ingredients of astragalus in the Chinese medicine filter residue byproducts are actually extracted, and the effect after extraction does not exceed 60% according to the pharmacodynamic theory, so the using amount of the Chinese medicine filter residue byproducts can be increased according to the data, and in the step S-3 and the step S-5, the Chinese medicine formula is improved by correcting the mixing proportion of the Chinese medicine filter residue materials by using a correction coefficient K which is more than 1, namely: the adding proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material after correction is equal to the adding proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material before correction multiplied by K, the value range of the correction coefficient K can be 1.2-1.8, the verification is directly carried out from 1.2 in the sequence of 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8, the material cost in the range is basically not increased, and a good feeding effect can be obtained. In the verification, when the dosage of the filter residue, the rumex madaio and the purslane is adjusted to 1.6: 1: 1 (corresponding to a coefficient K of about 1.2), 300 young pigeons are again sampled to measure 20-day-old indexes, and the following indexes can be achieved:
| chinese medicine prescription | Proportioning | Survival rate | Incidence of disease | Daily gain |
| Filter residue, rhubarb root and purslane | 1.6：1：1 | 98.0％ | 4.3％ | 6.83g |
According to the verification, the filter residue obtained after the procedure of mixing and fermenting the filter residue with the lactic acid bacteria is selected, the weight gain index of the young pigeon is better from the beginning of verification, the traditional Chinese medicine is not only fermented by the lactic acid bacteria, but also fermented by a plurality of probiotics, is not only beneficial to human digestion and absorption and immunity construction, and has the same effect on the young pigeon, so that the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material selected in the later production is preferably the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material generated after the procedure of mixing and fermenting the filter residue with the probiotics.
Claims (10)
1. A high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons is characterized in that sectional egg increasing and ecological formula pigeons are used for feeding, when sectional egg increasing is used, pigeons eggs laid by different parent pigeons on the same day are redistributed, and a male pigeon and a female pigeon are allowed to hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs at a time; when the ecological formula pigeon feed is used for feeding, the traditional Chinese medicine formulas are matched according to the formula, and the matched traditional Chinese medicine formulas are added into the main material of the pigeon feed according to the proportion.
2. The high-efficiency ecological breeding method for young pigeons according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting a batch of pigeon eggs laid by different parent pigeons on the same day, recording, redistributing the pigeon eggs laid by the different parent pigeons on the same day, and allowing a male pigeon and a female pigeon to hatch more than 3 pigeon eggs per pair of parent pigeons at one time;
s2, hatching more than 3 pigeon eggs distributed in the step S1 by a male pigeon, a female pigeon and each pair of parent pigeons for 18 days, and then, discharging more than 3 young pigeons;
s3, feeding the parent pigeons with pigeon milk for 7-9 days, and entering an artificial feeding stage, wherein the young pigeons are obtained in the step S2;
s4, utilizing the ecological formula pigeon feed to feed the young pigeons obtained in the step S3 artificially for 4-6 days;
and S5, enabling the young pigeon obtained in the step S4 to independently feed by using an induction method, finishing induction, and enabling the young pigeon to independently feed the ecological formula pigeon material until the breeding period of the young pigeon is reached.
3. The method for ecologically breeding young pigeons with high efficiency according to claim 2, wherein in the pigeon feed with the ecological formula, the traditional Chinese medicine formula accounts for not less than 0.8% and not more than 3.5% of the total mass of the pigeon feed.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the said ecological formula pigeon feed contains eggs which account for not less than 3% and not more than 6% of the total mass of pigeon feed.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the young pigeon is cultured in an ecological manner,
in the step S3, the parent pigeon feeds the young pigeon obtained in the step S2 with pigeon milk for 8 days, and enters an artificial feeding stage;
in the step S4, the young pigeon obtained in the step S3 is fed manually for 5 days by using the ecological formula pigeon feed;
in the step S5, the number of days for inducing feeding is 2-3 days, and the number of days for the young pigeon to completely and autonomously feed after the induction is finished is 14-16 days.
6. The method for ecologically breeding young pigeons with high efficiency according to claim 3, wherein the matching of the traditional Chinese medicine formulas according to the formula comprises:
s-1, selecting traditional Chinese medicine filter residue materials produced in probiotic production by probiotic manufacturers as main materials of a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used in the ecological formula pigeon feed;
s-2, selecting an empirical formula or a commercial formula as a traditional Chinese medicine additive in the pigeon feed in the feeding of the young pigeons as a reference standard of the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula used in the preparation of the ecological formula pigeon feed;
wherein the empirical prescription or commercial prescription selected in step S-2 contains all or the main Chinese medicinal components of the Chinese medicinal residue material selected in step S-1;
s-3, supplementing new traditional Chinese medicine materials to the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue materials prepared in the step S-1 by taking the empirical formula or the commercial formula selected in the step S-2 as a formula reference standard so as to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine formula which is consistent with or improved in formula proportion to the empirical formula or the commercial formula;
s-4, adding the matched traditional Chinese medicine formula into the main material of the pigeon feed in proportion, and performing feeding verification in the steps S4 and S5;
and S-5, collecting and analyzing the feeding verification result in the step S-4, fixing the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula if the feeding verification result meets the index requirement, and continuing to improve the traditional Chinese medicine formula by referring to the formula of the empirical formula or the commercial formula if the feeding verification result does not meet the index requirement until the formula of the traditional Chinese medicine formula is fixed after the feeding verification result meets the index requirement.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the Chinese herb residue material selected in step S-1 is preferably the Chinese herb residue material produced after the procedure of mixing and fermenting with probiotics.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein in the steps S-3 and S-5, the Chinese herbal medicine formulation is modified by modifying the ratio of the Chinese herbal medicine residue materials by using a modification factor K greater than 1, that is: the adding proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material after correction is equal to the adding proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine filter residue material before correction multiplied by K.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the correction factor K is in the range of 1.2-1.8.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pigeon comprises main materials including corn, pea and wheat.
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