CN114045218A - 一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片 - Google Patents
一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片。该芯片由对应“器官”的培养腔室和相互连接的通道组成。本发明遵循仿生设计原则,培养腔室间的连接通道和胎儿体内的血液循环路线相一致,并且培养基分配比例与体内循环系统血液分配比例相一致。同时遵循直接缩放原则,各“器官”(心、肝、胎盘、脑、胰岛)的大小比例(即细胞数目比例)与三十周的胎儿一致。利用本发明再结合干细胞技术提供的各器官细胞源,有望有效模拟体内孕期胎儿的发育状况,为药物孕期副作用测试、胎儿药物评价、研究胎儿发育提供一种有效的手段。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及多器官芯片在器官共培养和疾病模型构建方面应用领域,具体涉及一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,为药物孕期副作用测试、胎儿药物评价、研究胎儿发育提供一种有效的手段。
背景技术
现在全球每年有数十亿美元的经费浪费在最终失败的药物的筛选上。目前常用的药物筛选模型有细胞模型和动物模型。动物模型与人有种属差异,无法很好地预测药物的效用。细胞模型往往是单一一种的细胞,且为二维培养,无法重现器官之间的相互作用。
细胞(包括器官)间的相互作用是多细胞生物的基本特征。细胞间相互作用可以通过直接接触而产生,如在组织中不同的细胞之间的相互作用;细胞间相互作用也可以间接产生,如细胞通过分泌物相互作用。研究细胞相互作用(如癌症的发展和迁移,伤口愈合和干细胞发育)对药物筛选和组织工程都有重要作用,尤其是用于全身性药物的评价。为了建立研究细胞/细胞相互作用的模型,需要进行两种或更多种细胞类型的共培养。传统共培养方法包括将不同细胞类型直接添加到相同的培养孔中,或者用Transwell系统进行细胞培养。尽管由于该方法比较简单,但该模型基于2D单层细胞,其与体内细胞的形态,生理学和基因表达等品质不同。同时Transwell这种形式也无法重现三个及以上器官之间的相互作用。器官芯片技术作为一种新兴技术受到越来越多的关注。可通量化,可以精准控制理化因素,可方便实现灌流培养,可集成在线检测等特点让器官芯片技术成为最出色的构建新的药物评价模型的技术之一。多器官芯片更是器官芯片发展的重要趋势。
由于缺少合适的孕期药物评价的人体生物模型,许多孕期药物测试仅仅局限在细胞或者动物模型药物测试,跟人体药物反应差距甚大。合理的孕期药物测试模型对药物开发至关重要。同时基于人诱导多潜能干细胞的类器官领域发展迅速,由干细胞诱导分化而来的肝心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官均已实现。同时干细胞诱导而来的都有一定程度的不成熟特性,与胎儿时期对应器官的结构或者功能类似,特别适合用于模拟胎儿时期对应器官的发育及刺激响应过程。本发明所涉及的多器官芯片也是拟以人诱导多潜能干细胞来源的类器官作为细胞来源,进一步模拟孕期胎儿发育系统。
发明内容
针对以上问题,本发明提供了一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,为药物孕期副作用测试、胎儿药物评价、研究胎儿发育提供一种有效的手段。
一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:该芯片由对应器官的培养腔室、相互连接的流体通道以及出入口组成。(图3)
所述器官芯片上所有“器官”的培养形式均为细胞球形式;
所述培养腔室由不同数量的微坑阵列组成,用于固定不同数目的细胞球;微坑数目与细胞球数目相等,对应器官培养腔室的微坑数目比例与第30周的胎儿的对应器官的大小比例相同,即心:肝:胎盘:脑:胰岛的重量比=9.9:63:430:200:3.8;(图2)
所述相互连接的流体通道是从孕妇与胎儿的循环系统的参数总结而来,包括母侧循环以及胎儿侧循环。所述器官芯片的循环回路形式以及循环分配比例与体内胎儿参数一致;(图1)
所述母侧循环为胎盘的母侧循环;
所述胎儿侧循环即包括肝、脑、胰岛的胎儿侧循环;
所述循环回路形式为培养基的流动路线;
所述循环分配比例为培养基的分配比例;
所述出入口采用色谱聚醚醚酮接头,方便与外置流体泵偶连。
进一步,芯片由3D打印一体化制备。材质为具有生物相容性的光敏树脂。
进一步,器官培养腔室直径为2-12mm。
进一步,器官培养腔室内每个微坑的直径为100-800um,直径相等。
进一步,培养腔室外侧有凹槽以匹配对应尺寸的o型密封硅胶圈,培养时上方玻璃施加压力使硅胶圈形变实现液体密封。(图4)
进一步,流体流速范围为100-1000ml/h。
本发明提供了一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其包括以下主要步骤:
(1)将人诱导多潜能干细胞以拟配体形式进行心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官诱导;
(2)将器官芯片消毒,用培养基提前润洗以及填充;
(3)将心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官以对应比例转移至芯片对应的培养腔室;
(4)将顶部玻璃通过夹具对硅胶密封圈施加压力,使其变形实现密封;
(5)将蠕动泵以及泵管通过色谱接头与芯片连接,进行灌流培养;
(6)灌流分两侧:一侧是涉及胎盘的母侧流体回路,另一侧是胎儿侧的多器官流体回路;
(7)在母侧循环回路中施加所要研究的药物或者刺激物质,进一步观察系统反应。
本发明的优点:
(1)流体仿生,连接通道形式从体内目标器官的循环系统提炼而来,并且流体分配比例与胎儿体内循环系统血液分配比例一致。
(2)采用直接缩放原则,对应器官的细胞质量比例与30周胎儿相似。
(3)实现母侧和胎儿侧双侧循环。
(4)通过3D打印一体化制备,无需封接等复杂步骤。
附图说明
为了更清楚的说明本发明的技术方案,将技术方案描述中所需使用的附图作简单的介绍。
图1为胎儿体内血液循环回路示意图;
图2为由体内数据提炼的得到的目标器官间的流体分配比例以及细胞质量比例;
图3为本发明多器官芯片的设计图;
图4为本发明多器官芯片的实物照片;
图5为本发明多器官芯片的灌流运作照片。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围不受实施例的限制,如果该领域的技术熟练人员根据上述发明内容对本发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
尼古丁对胎儿发育的影响研究
孕妇吸烟有可能对胎儿发育造成不利影响,具体的影响过程依然不够明晰。将人诱导多潜能干细胞以拟配体形式进行心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官诱导,以这些类器官作为本芯片的细胞来源。芯片采用3d打印技术一体成型,材料为具有生物相容性的光敏树脂。利用色谱聚醚醚酮接头头作为接头。将本发明的器官芯片消毒,用培养基提前润洗以及填充。将诱导成熟的心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官以9.9:63:430:200:3.8质量比例(与体内对应器官的质量比例相同,如图2所示)转移至芯片对应的培养腔室(如图3所示:1脑、2胎盘、3胰岛、4心脏、5肝)。胰岛、心脏、肝、脑、胎盘类器官培养腔室的直径分别为为2mm,3mm,6mm,10mm,12mm,培养腔室内微坑阵列中每个微坑直径均为800um。通向胰岛、心脏、肝、脑、胎盘类器官培养腔室的通道宽度分别为0.1mm、1mm、0.1mm、0.4mm、0.2mm,连接各个类器官培养腔室的流体回路与体内血液循环路径(图1)类似,芯片上流体回路如图2所示。将顶部玻璃通过夹具对o型圈施加压力,使其变形实现密封(图4)。将蠕动泵以及泵管通过色谱接头与芯片连接,进行灌流培养。灌流分两侧,一侧是涉及胎盘的母侧流体回路,另一侧是胎儿侧的多器官流体回路。灌流的总流速为1000ul/h,在母侧循环回路中施加尼古丁,进一步观察胎儿侧心、肝、脑、胰岛类器官的响应、对其功能结构的影响。
实施例2
美克洛嗪孕期副作用测试
美克洛嗪是抗组胺类药物,适用于各种皮肤粘膜过敏疾病,亦可用于妊娠、放疗及晕动症引起的恶心、呕吐。是组胺受体的拮抗剂,其作用远较苯海拉明持久,可维持12~24小时。然而,在大鼠实验中,超过人常用剂量25~50倍可见幼仔腭裂。经药物流行病调查,在人体中未发现不良反应。为了进一步验证这类药物对胎儿的影响,可以利用此发明进行验证。将诱导成熟的心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官以9.9:63:430:200:3.8质量比例(与体内对应器官的质量比例相同,如图2所示)转移至芯片对应的培养腔室(如图3所示:1脑、2胎盘、3胰岛、4心脏、5肝)。胰岛、心脏、肝、脑、胎盘类器官培养腔室的直径分别为为2mm,3mm,6mm,10mm,12mm,培养腔室内微坑阵列中每个微坑直径均为100um。通向胰岛、心脏、肝、脑、胎盘类器官培养腔室的通道宽度分别为0.1mm、1mm、0.1mm、0.4mm、0.2mm,连接各个类器官培养腔室的流体回路与体内血液循环路径(图1)类似,芯片上流体回路如图2所示。将顶部玻璃通过夹具对o型圈施加压力,使其变形实现密封(图4)。将蠕动泵以及泵管通过色谱接头与芯片连接,进行灌流培养。灌流分两侧,一侧是涉及胎盘的母侧流体回路,另一侧是胎儿侧的多器官流体回路。总流速为100ul/h。在母侧循环回路中施加不同浓度的美克洛嗪,进一步观察胎儿侧心、肝、脑、胰岛类器官的响应、对其功能结构的影响。
Claims (7)
1.一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:该芯片设置有对应器官的培养腔室、相互连接的流体通道以及出入口;
所述器官芯片上所有“器官”的培养形式均为细胞球形式;
所述培养腔室由不同数量的微坑阵列组成,用于固定不同数目的细胞球;微坑数目与细胞球数目相等,对应器官培养腔室的微坑数目比例与第30周的胎儿的对应器官的重量比例相同,即心:肝:胎盘:脑:胰岛的重量比=9.9:63:430:200:3.8;
所述相互连接的流体通道包括母侧循环以及胎儿侧循环;所述器官芯片的循环回路形式以及循环分配比例与母婴体内血液循环参数一致;所述母侧循环为涉及胎盘的母侧循环;所述胎儿侧循环为涉及肝、脑、胰岛的胎儿侧循环;所述循环回路形式为培养基的流动路线;所述循环分配比例为培养基的分配比例;所述出入口采用色谱聚醚醚酮接头。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:芯片由3D打印一体化制备,材质为具有生物相容性的光敏树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:器官培养腔室直径为2-12mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:器官培养腔室内每个微坑的直径为100-800um,每个微坑的直径相等。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:培养腔室外侧有凹槽以及对应凹槽尺寸的o型密封硅胶圈。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片,其特征在于:流体流速范围为100-1000ul/h。
7.一种根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛多器官芯片进行器官培养的方法,其特征在于:
(1)将人诱导多潜能干细胞以拟配体形式进行心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官诱导;
(2)将器官芯片消毒,用培养基提前润洗以及填充;
(3)将心/肝/胎盘/脑/胰岛类器官以对应比例转移至芯片对应的培养腔室;
(4)将顶部玻璃通过夹具对硅胶密封圈施加压力,使其变形实现密封;
(5)将蠕动泵以及泵管通过色谱接头与芯片连接,进行灌流培养;
(6)灌流分两侧:一侧是涉及胎盘的母侧流体回路,另一侧是胎儿侧的多器官流体回路;
(7)在母侧循环回路中施加所要研究的药物或者刺激物质,进一步观察系统反应。
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