CN1140346A - 电气接插件 - Google Patents
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- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
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Abstract
一种电气接插件(60),其绝缘外壳(62)有一个端子承接通道(64)供沿一定插入方向(B)插入端子(70)用。端子的弹性触臂(78)至少一部分伸入通道(64)内供接合适当的配套接触元件用。端子的接合臂(86)伸入通道(64)内弹性触臂(78)后面形成插入工具(102)的接合突肩,端子(70)即借助于插入工具(102)迫入外壳(62)的端子承接通道(64)中。
Description
本专利申请是1994年5月11日申请的、转让给本发明受让人的待审批美国专利申请08/241,383的部分继续申请。
本发明总的说来涉及电气接插件制品,具体地说,涉及一种端子结构独特的电气接插件系统。
通常,电气接插件的绝缘外壳装有许多导电端子,供电连接两个电气器件用。例如,电气接插件可以将电线的导体与印刷电路板上的电路迹线互连起来。许多设计和结构都采用电气接插件。
这类接插件的电气端子其结构也是千变万化的。例如,每一个端子必然有一个接触部分或与一个或多个器件接合的部分,端子端接在电气器件上或互连在各电气器件之间。接触部分可以是例如柔韧的弹性触臂。端子的基部通常用来将端子装设在接插件外壳中。端子可能还有锁定部分将端子固定在外壳中。端子的尾部可能从外壳突出。端子经常有一个用插入工具可将端子插入外壳中的部分。电气端子的所有这些各色各样的零部件都是在具体电气接插件的设计中必须考虑的问题,而且全然是端子的这类零部件或部分的数目经常在电气接插件的设计中出问题。
例如在为电子设备的小巧化设计而日益追求电气接插件小型化的今天,接插件(因而各端子)在外套方面的设计就必须越来越小型化。这种小型化出问题的一个方面是在给端子配备用插入工具将端子插入外壳中的接合部分的方面。迄今,某些插入系统采用的工具是用来使工具的横缘或柔韧触臂与焊点尾部之间的中间边缘(如转让给本发明的受让人的1994年8月16日的美国专利5,338,230中所示的那样)与端子基部边缘接触的。这种系统在某些应用场合是足以解决问题的,但为接纳插入工具的边缘,必须扩大端子基部的宽度,而这需要扩大外壳来容纳扩大了的端子基部。这种系统给整个接插件的小型化带来了种种问题。
插入系统的另一个实例可参看也转让给本发明的受让人的1993年9月14日的美国专利5,244,414。该专利公开了一种一端有一个狭槽、可滑入与插入工具接合的锁板(boardlock)。插入工具有一个唇部设计得使其可与锁板的后表面接触,这个唇部要求加大深度和扩大外壳的厚度,从而又阻碍了整个接插件的小型化。
本发明就是要解决这个问题,提供独特的一种端子结构,端子结构的一部分便于端子的插入而无需以任何方式扩大端子或端子外壳。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种具有上述特点的经改进的新型电气接插件。
在本发明的一个实施例中,接插件的绝缘外壳有一个承接端子的通道,供按一定插入方向往其中插入端子用。端子有一个弹性触臂至少有一部分伸入通道中,供与适当的配套触件接合用。端子还有一个工具接合臂伸入通道中弹性触臂后面的位置,形成迫使端子进入外壳的端子承接通道的插入工具的接合突肩。这里公开的端子是金属板材冲压成形制成的整体构件。工具接合臂由一个刃状元件构成,通常横切地伸入已知插入方向的一个平面,从而形成一个平面供插入工具接合用。触臂形成端子通常呈U字形部分的一个臂,底部形成该端子的另一个臂,接合臂则从其另一臂伸向弹性触臂。
这里公开的弹性触臂通过外壳的一个侧面孔口突出,以便与外壳外的配套触件接合。弹性触臂有一个向外弯曲的接触部分通过该孔口突出,弹性触臂的远端位于通道中可与外壳的内突肩接合供给弹性触臂施加弹性负荷用。更具体地说,弹性触臂的远端通常呈T字形,T字形的三叉口可嵌入孔口两端的通道内。
结合附图阅读下面的详细说明可以清楚了解本发明的其它目的、特点和优点。
本说明书所附的权利要求书中具体提出了本发明目前认为是新颖的特点。要清楚了解本发明连同其目的和优点,最好是结合附图参阅下面的说明。附图中,同样的编号表示同样的元件,其中:
图1是电气接插件一个实施例的透视图,示出了接插件的绝缘外壳,接插件的一个端子正在插入外壳中;
图2是图1的接插件接上导线时的纵剖面,接插件表面的端接面装在一个印刷电路板上,有一个解脱工具插入接插件中;
图3是电气接插件另一个实施例的正视图,该接插件供垂直于图1和图2的实施例表面安装到一个印刷电路板上;
图4是图3接插件的纵向剖视图;
图5的视图与图4的类似:接插件装到印刷电路板上,导线插入接插件中;
图6是电气接插件另一个实施例的透视图,其端子有一个与插入工具接合的部分;
图7~11是图6的端子插入其外壳过程中顺次经历的各阶段其中还可以看到相应使用的工具;
图12的纵剖视图示出了图6的接插件准备就绪可供最后装配的情况,端子已完全插入,印刷电路板也已装上。
更仔细地参看附图,首先参看图1和图2。电气接插件10是体现本发明基本原理的一个实施例,其绝缘外壳12具有多个通道14供承接多个端子用。外壳12由塑料之类的绝缘材料模塑成一个整体,可以看到形成有接合端或接合面16或端接端或端接面18。接插件10适宜如图2那样安装在印刷电路板20上,稍后即将说明。
接插件10有许多端子22供借助于虚线所示的插入工具24沿(图1)箭头A的方向插入通道14用。虽然图中所示是有两个端子22和两个通道14的接插件设计,但本发明的基本原理是可应用于端子的数目为1个至两个以上的多端子电气接插件的。
接插件10取一种“导线夹持”式接插件的结构形式,各端子22由金属板材冲压成形,其一端是尾部28,另一端是悬臂弹性触臂30。从图1中可以看到,尾部28垂直于基部26形成,供与印刷电路板20适当的线路表面连接用,如图2中所示。弹性触臂30在基部26上方倒转形成,从而使基部26与弹性触臂30在各通道内形成通常呈U形的部分,这从图2中可清楚地看到。端子22基部26的两边缘还形成有一对齿32供咬入各端子承接通道14的各边用。最后,端22还有接合臂34从基部26冲压出来形成,在基部26上留下孔口26,从而使接合臂从通道14横向突出,处在悬臂式弹性触臂30后面。
各端子22的接合臂34是独特的,因为它安置在那个位置起两种作用。首先,参看图1,可以看到接合臂34是刃片状的元件,处在通常横截表示端子插入方向的箭头A的平面。这样,插入工具24就可与接合臂接合将端子压入外壳12的各通道14中。
其次,参看图2,可以看到接合臂34处在悬臂式弹性触臂30后面且朝该触臂延伸。还可以看到导线38裸露的导体40插入通道14中与触臂30的接触部分或尖端30a接合。触臂的尖端30a将导体40夹住,使其不致被抽出。可以看到解脱工具42插入通道14中供解除弹性触臂30对导体40的作用,从而可以将导体抽出。操作人员往会将弹性触臂压得过头从而使触臂受到过高的应力而破坏其某些弹性。接合臂34的位置给弹性触臂提供了抗过应力的能力。
因此,综上所述,接合臂34伸入通道14中处在悬臂式弹性触臂30的后面一个能起以下双重作用的位置:(1)给弹性触臂提供抗过应力的能力;(2)形成插入工具24将端子22压入外壳12的端子承接通道的接合突肩。
从图2可以看出本发明的另一个特点。图2中,可以看到通道14的两端是敞开着的,一端在接合面16,另一端在接插件外壳12的端接面18。这样,导体40可以切割成使其完全通过通道的长度。此外,系统系设计得在印刷电路板20上开了一个通孔44,使导体40可以通过通孔44伸出接插件外。
不言而喻,要将裸露的导体40切成实际需要的长度是非常困难的。因此,迄今为容纳长度相当大的导体,接插件外壳不得不制造得大到足以满足这个要求,从而确保导体与端子的触臂妥善端接。本发明的系统,由于通道14设成两端敞开的通道,因而弹性触臂30可以安置在靠近外壳一端或一面(例如端接面18)的位置,从而导体40只要切成较大的长度就可以使其全部通过外壳。此外,系统设计成印刷电路板本身也开有通孔44,使导体可以插到插入范围之外。整个这种基本原理使接插件外壳12至少可以缩小在接合面16与端接面18之间的尺寸。
图3~5示出了本发明与上述与图1和图2有关的实施例极其类似的另一个实施例。因此,图3至图5中与上述图1和图2中所述相应的元件或部件都用同样的编号表示。
更具体地说,图3至图5的实施例中,接插件外壳12有多个安装插脚50供插入印刷电路板54的多个安装插孔52中。可以看到,图3至图5的接插件与图2的接插件成直角地装到印刷电路板上。
图3至图5的接插件中其它唯一的不同点在于,各端子都有一个尾部28′供沿接插件的垂直取向表面安装到印刷电路板54上之用。换句话说,尾部28(图1和图2)是垂直伸入端子基部26的,而尾部28(图4和图5)则偏离基部26且总的平行于基部26延伸,否则端子的结构(包括悬臂式弹性触臂30和接合臂34在内)就和上述端子22完全一样。
在图3至图5的实施例中,和图1和图2的实施例一样,端子承接通道14也是两端敞开着的,因而导体40插入时完全可以通过接插件外壳,如图5中所示。因此,这里端子的触臂30也可以安置在极其靠近外壳端接面18的位置而不致产生导体真正与触臂接合的问题,因为导体可以切割成可延伸到触臂以外相当大的长度。
图6示出了本发明的另一个实施例一电气接插件60,其绝缘外壳62有许多端子承接通道64。这里,外壳62也是由塑料之类的绝缘材料模塑成一个整体的,也可以看到形成有接合端或接合面66和端接端或端接面68。
接插件60有许多端子70借助于图1虚线所示的插入工具24沿箭头B的方向以插入通道64。虽然接插件60用以承接两个端子(图中只示出了一个端子),但本发明的基本原理是可应用于端子数目为1个至两个以上的多端子电气接插件的。
各端子70由金属板材冲压成形,其一端是尾部76,另一端是悬臂式的弹性触臂78。从图6可以看到,尾部76与基部74成一定角度形成,供与适当的印刷电路板构件80(图12)连接用。实际上,尾部76有个焊接片82供与电路构件80的导线连接用。
弹性触臂78通常在端子基部74处反转,与基部74形成端子通常呈U字形的部分。端子70基部74的各边缘也形成一对齿84供咬入各端子承接通道64各边的塑料材料。端子70有一个工具接合臂86从基部74冲压成形形成,在基部74上留下孔88,口从而使工具接合臂86横过通道64突出到悬臂式弹性触臂78后面。实际上,工具接合臂通常从端子基部朝弹性触臂78垂直向外突出。
最后,端子70设计得使其从外壳62向外突出,供与诸如电池(图中未示出)之类适当配套接触件的导体结合用,弹性触臂即在这种情况下预先装好的。这在稍后对图12的说明中会搞清楚的,但这里也可以这么说,弹性触臂78有一个向外弯曲的接触部分90通过外壳62中的侧孔92伸出。弹性触臂的远端94通常呈T字形的三叉部分96可在孔口92另一侧的通道64内与外壳接合,这稍后即可搞清楚。
图7至图11为其中一个端子70插入其相应的接插件外壳62的通道64过程中顺次经历的各阶段。更具体地说,图7示出了其中一个端子70安置在毗邻块板100、插入工具102、止动件104和装有弹簧的剥线器106的冲座98上。可以看到端子仍与导体或馈电条108连接,馈电条108则装有许多端子与导电条一起接到其处理台。
图8示出了冲座98已向上移动使端子70偏离导电条108,端子夹在冲座98与孔两侧剥线器106各横缘之间,使插入工具可以通过。
图9示出了端子仍然夹在冲座98与剥线器106的横缘之间,但插入工具102已向前沿箭头C的方向通过剥线器的孔。可以看到,插入工具与端子的工具接合臂86接合。
图10示出了插入工具102已沿箭头D的方向进一步前移,同时与端子70的工具接合臂86接合。这时端子基本上已移入接插件外壳62的通道64。随着端子插入接插件外壳中,弹性触臂78外弯的接触部分90与配套工具上壁112的凸轮形表面110接合。凸轮形表面在插入过程中有效地使弹性触臂向下沿箭头E的方向偏移。端子完全插入接插件外壳的通道64中时,弹性触臂偏离壁112并向外弹出,直到弹性触臂T字形的远端嵌入孔92另一侧的通道64中为止,如114处所示。这能有效地弹性预装弹性触臂。
图11示出了最后加工步骤,即用弯曲118沿箭头F的方向移动使端子的尾端下弯并向外通过接插件外壳62的孔口116中。在此弯曲工序中,稳定工具120与接合壁86接合,在尾部74下弯时起稳定端子的作用。
最后,图12示出了接插件已准备就绪可以最后装配到另一部件(图中未示出)上,这时端子70完全插入接插件外壳62中,外弯的接触部分90通过外壳孔92突出,弹性触臂的T字形远端弹性地预装好弹性触臂。可以看到,端子尾部76的焊片82与电路元件80的导体连接。从图12还可以清楚地看到,接合臂86如何伸入通道64内处在弹性触臂78后面从而无需对接插件外壳采取任何扩大措施就可使端子借助插入工具插入外壳中。
不言而喻,在不脱离本发明的精神实质或主要特点的前提下,本发明是可以按其它特殊形式实施的。因此,本发明的上述实例和实施例无论在哪一方面都应视为举例性质的,而不应视为对本发明的限制,本发明并不受这里所公开的细节的限制。
Claims (10)
1.一种电气接插件(60),包括;
绝缘外壳(62),具有端子承接通道(64)供将端子(70)沿一定的插入方向(B)插入其中用;
端子(70),具有弹性触臂(78)至少有一部分伸入通道中,供与适当的配套触件接合用;
所述端子(70)有一个工具接合臂(86)伸到弹性触臂(78)后面处形成插入工具(102)的接合突肩,插入工具的作用是将端子推入外壳的端子承接通道中。
2.如权利要求1所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述工具接合臂(86)伸入通道(64)中。
3.如权利要求2所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述端子(70)的结构独特,由金属板材冲压成形形成。
4.如权利要求3所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述接合臂(86)有一个刃片状的元件从通常横切所述一定插入方向(13)的平面突出,从而形成平表面供插入工具(102)接合用。
5.如权利要求2所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述弹性触臂(78)形成端子通常呈U字形部分的一个臂,所述接合臂(86)则从端子通常呈U字形的部分的另一个臂(74)伸向弹性触臂。
6.如权利要求5所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述弹性触臂(78)伸入并通过外壳(62)的侧孔(92),供与外壳外的配套接触件接合用。
7.如权利要求6所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述弹性触臂(78)有一个弯曲部分(90)通过所述孔口(92)延伸。
8.如权利要求7所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述弹性触臂(78)的远端(94)位于通道(64)内可与外壳的内突肩(114)接合,供弹性预装弹性触臂用。
9.如权利要求8所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,弹性触臂(78)的所述远端(94)通常呈T字形,T字形的交叉部分(96)可嵌入所述孔(92)另一侧的通道(64)内。
10.如权利要求1所述的电气接插件,其特征在于,所述接合臂(86)有一个刃状元件从通常横切所述一定插入方向(B)的平面突出。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US491458 | 1995-06-16 | ||
US08/491,458 US5876237A (en) | 1994-05-11 | 1995-06-16 | Electrical connector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1140346A true CN1140346A (zh) | 1997-01-15 |
CN1068978C CN1068978C (zh) | 2001-07-25 |
Family
ID=23952312
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN96106176A Expired - Fee Related CN1068978C (zh) | 1995-06-16 | 1996-06-13 | 电气接插件 |
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US (1) | US5876237A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0749185B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1068978C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69602306T2 (zh) |
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CN105075022A (zh) * | 2013-02-15 | 2015-11-18 | 赤多尼科两合股份有限公司 | 连接端子或接线端子 |
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-
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CN110931990A (zh) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 富士电机机器制御株式会社 | 电气设备的连接结构 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5876237A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
EP0749185A1 (en) | 1996-12-18 |
DE69602306T2 (de) | 1999-12-09 |
DE69602306D1 (de) | 1999-06-10 |
CN1068978C (zh) | 2001-07-25 |
EP0749185B1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
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