CN114018043A - 一种真空热处理炉 - Google Patents

一种真空热处理炉 Download PDF

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CN114018043A
CN114018043A CN202111308247.6A CN202111308247A CN114018043A CN 114018043 A CN114018043 A CN 114018043A CN 202111308247 A CN202111308247 A CN 202111308247A CN 114018043 A CN114018043 A CN 114018043A
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heating chamber
heating
heat treatment
furnace
vacuum
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步怀立
高光伟
辛岩
刘舒
付秀华
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SHENYANG HENGJIN VACUUM TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/04—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B9/042—Vacuum furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/062—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
    • F27D1/1858—Doors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/124—Cooling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种真空热处理炉，涉及热处理炉技术领域，包括炉体和多个加热装置，炉体的内部具有加热室，加热装置位于加热室的上侧、加热室的前侧、加热室的后侧、加热室的左侧、加热室的右侧和加热室的下侧。加热室的前、后、左、右四个面和上下两个面分别设有加热装置，加热室一共有六个加热面，对加热室内的工件进行六面加热，热处理过程中使工件受热均匀，并且提高加热速度。

Description

一种真空热处理炉
技术领域
本发明涉及热处理炉技术领域，具体涉及一种真空热处理炉。
背景技术
真空热处理是指采用真空炉进行零件的热处理工艺，真空炉在小型零件领域应用广泛。但是随着航空航天、航海轮船及和日趋多变的工业革新，热处理的工艺遍布多行业，尤其是涉及到一些大型工件热处理，要求热处理过程中受热均匀，同时尽量提高加热速度，传统的真空炉难以让大型工件均匀受热，加热速度较慢，不能满足这一类大型工件的热处理需求。
发明内容
为此，本发明提供一种真空热处理炉，以解决传统的真空炉难以让大型工件均匀受热，加热速度较慢的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种真空热处理炉，包括炉体和多个加热装置，炉体的内部具有加热室，加热装置位于加热室的上侧、加热室的前侧、加热室的后侧、加热室的左侧、加热室的右侧和加热室的下侧。
进一步地，还包括水冷式换热器，炉体设有冷却水循环通道，冷却水循环通道靠近加热室和加热装置，水冷式换热器位于炉体的外部，水冷式换热器具有水道和风道，冷却水循环通道与水道连通，风道内设有离心风机，风道的进风口设有风嘴。
进一步地，还包括载料系统，载料系统包括轨道和载料车，轨道的一端位于加热室内，载料车沿轨道滑动设置。
进一步地，载料系统还包括驱动传动机构，炉体设有前炉门，前炉门可分离地盖合于炉体，驱动传动机构和前炉门传动连接，前炉门连接载料车。
进一步地，炉体设有后炉门，后炉门和炉体可转动地连接。
进一步地，加热室的壁面设有保温层。
进一步地，保温层是钼反射屏和保温棉，保温棉位于钼反射屏和炉体之间，加热室左右两侧的钼反射屏和上侧的钼反射屏一体设置。
进一步地，还包括与加热室连通的真空系统，真空系统包括扩散泵、罗茨泵、旋片泵、真空捕集器及真空管路，旋片泵、罗茨泵、扩散泵、真空捕集器和加热室顺次通过真空管路连接。
进一步地，加热装置是钼加热带。
本发明具有如下优点：加热室的前、后、左、右四个面和上下两个面分别设有加热装置，加热室一共有六个加热面，对加热室内的工件进行六面加热，热处理过程中使工件受热均匀，并且提高加热速度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是示例性的，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图引申获得其它的实施附图。
本说明书所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容所能涵盖的范围内。
图1为本发明具体实施方式提供的一种真空热处理炉的结构示意图。
图中：1-真空系统；2-炉体；3-加热室；4-载料系统；5-水冷式换热器；6-铂铑热电偶；7-离心风机；8-前炉门；9-后炉门；10-钼加热带。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
如图1所示，本发明具体实施方式提供了一种真空热处理炉，包括炉体2和多个加热装置，炉体2的内部具有加热室3，加热装置位于加热室3的上侧、加热室3的前侧、加热室3的后侧、加热室3的左侧、加热室3的右侧和加热室3的下侧。加热室3的前、后、左、右四个面和上下两个面分别设有加热装置，加热室3一共有六个加热面，对加热室3内的工件进行六面加热，热处理过程中使工件受热均匀，并且提高加热速度。在本方案中，加热室3是六面体形状，例如长方体和正方体，长方体加热室3的六个面分别设有加热装置。
在一个可选的实施方案中，加热装置是钼加热带10，钼加热带通过热辐射的方式，对加热室3内的工件进行加热，热电偶、PLC电控单元以及电源通过电路连接，加热室3每一个面具有一支独立的热电偶进行控温，控制加热温度。
在一个可选的实施方案中，加热室3的壁面设有保温层，可避免加热装置运作时所产生的热量散逸至外界。
在一个可选的实施方案中，还包括水冷式换热器5，炉体2设有冷却水循环通道，冷却水循环通道靠近加热室3和加热装置，水冷式换热器5位于炉体2的外部，水冷式换热器5具有水道和风道，冷却水循环通道与水道连通，风道内设有离心风机7，风道的进风口设有风嘴。冷却水可对加热室3和加热装置进行散热，水冷式换热器5实现气体和液体换热，降低冷却水的温度。离心风机7、PLC电控单元以及电源通过电路连接，控制风机的启停，对温度进行控制。
在一个可选的实施方案中，还包括载料系统4，载料系统4包括轨道和载料车，轨道的一端位于加热室3内，载料车沿轨道滑动设置，工件放置在载料车上，方便工件放入或取出加热室3。
在一个可选的实施方案中，载料系统4还包括驱动传动机构，炉体2设有前炉门8，前炉门8可分离地盖合于炉体2的前侧，驱动传动机构和前炉门8传动连接，前炉门8连接载料车。由驱动传动机构带动前炉门8打开，并且前炉门8和载料车一起沿轨道移动，驱动传动机构打开前炉门8的同时将工件带出炉体2，关闭前炉门8和将工件放入炉体2也由驱动传动机构完成。
在一个可选的实施方案中，炉体2设有后炉门9，后炉门9位于炉体2的后侧，后炉门9和炉体2可转动地连接，后炉门9可以人工打开，作为前炉门8的备用门。
在一个可选的实施方案中，保温层是钼反射屏和保温棉，保温棉位于钼反射屏和炉体2之间，加热室3左右两侧的钼反射屏和上侧的钼反射屏一体设置。减小钼反射屏的缝隙，提高保温效果。
在一个可选的实施方案中，还包括与加热室3连通的真空系统1，真空系统1包括扩散泵、罗茨泵、旋片泵、真空捕集器及真空管路，旋片泵、罗茨泵、扩散泵、真空捕集器和加热室3顺次通过真空管路连接。真空系统1用于对加热室3进行抽真空处理。扩散泵、罗茨泵、旋片泵、PLC电控单元以及电源通过电路连接，PLC电控单元控制对加热室3抽真空。
在一个可选的实施方案中，热电偶是铂铑热电偶6，具体是S型铂铑热电偶或其他合金热电偶。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种真空热处理炉，其特征在于：包括炉体(2)和多个加热装置，所述炉体(2)的内部具有加热室(3)，所述加热装置位于所述加热室(3)的上侧、所述加热室(3)的前侧、所述加热室(3)的后侧、所述加热室(3)的左侧、所述加热室(3)的右侧和所述加热室(3)的下侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：还包括水冷式换热器(5)，所述炉体(2)设有冷却水循环通道，所述冷却水循环通道靠近所述加热室(3)和所述加热装置，所述水冷式换热器(5)位于所述炉体(2)的外部，所述水冷式换热器(5)具有水道和风道，所述冷却水循环通道与所述水道连通，所述风道内设有离心风机(7)，所述风道的进风口设有风嘴。
3.根据权利要求1所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：还包括载料系统(4)，所述载料系统(4)包括轨道和载料车，所述轨道的一端位于所述加热室(3)内，所述载料车沿所述轨道滑动设置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：所述载料系统(4)还包括驱动传动机构，所述炉体(2)设有前炉门(8)，所述前炉门(8)可分离地盖合于所述炉体(2)，所述驱动传动机构和所述前炉门(8)传动连接，所述前炉门(8)连接所述载料车。
5.根据权利要求1所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：所述炉体(2)设有后炉门(9)，所述后炉门(9)和所述炉体(2)可转动地连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：所述加热室(3)的壁面设有保温层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：所述保温层是钼反射屏和保温棉，所述保温棉位于所述钼反射屏和所述炉体(2)之间，所述加热室(3)左右两侧的所述钼反射屏和上侧的所述钼反射屏一体设置。
8.根据权利要求1所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：还包括与所述加热室(3)连通的真空系统(1)，所述真空系统(1)包括扩散泵、罗茨泵、旋片泵、真空捕集器及真空管路，所述旋片泵、所述罗茨泵、所述扩散泵、所述真空捕集器和所述加热室(3)顺次通过所述真空管路连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的真空热处理炉，其特征在于：所述加热装置是钼加热带(10)。
CN202111308247.6A 2021-11-05 2021-11-05 一种真空热处理炉 Pending CN114018043A (zh)

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