CN114014712A - Seedling culture substrate sheet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seedling culture substrate sheet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114014712A CN114014712A CN202111283697.4A CN202111283697A CN114014712A CN 114014712 A CN114014712 A CN 114014712A CN 202111283697 A CN202111283697 A CN 202111283697A CN 114014712 A CN114014712 A CN 114014712A
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/14—Tablets, spikes, rods, blocks or balls
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a seedling substrate sheet, which takes livestock and poultry manure and corncobs as main raw materials, and is subjected to microaerobic fermentation by an organic matter fast decomposition agent to obtain a fermentation material, then the fermentation material is mixed with a full-nutrition preparation for decomposition and aging, nutrients are stored in an organic fertilizer in an organic state, finally the organic fertilizer, crushed agricultural organic waste, a disease-prevention weeding preparation and an adhesive are pressed and formed according to a certain mass ratio, and are dried to prepare the seedling substrate sheet. The seedling culture substrate sheet has the effects of comprehensive nutrition, disease and insect pest prevention, weed prevention and seedling strengthening, can obviously improve the survival rate of seedling culture, and meanwhile, the organic nutrients and the disease prevention weeding preparation can be slowly released in soil and absorbed by crop roots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seedling substrate sheet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cultivation of strong seedlings is the basis of high yield of rice, and the key point of seedling culture links can be seen in the common saying of 'good seedlings and eight finished grains'. For decades, various governments and related parts spend great time on rice seedling raising, so that the rice seedling raising is developed into the current thin vegetation for dry raising in a small arched shed from pit type seedling raising, but the seedling raising mode still has the problems of soil preparation, difficulty in bed digging, unreasonable bed soil configuration, drought raising, unreasonable use of seedling-strengthening agents and the like, weak seedlings and dead seedlings are frequently generated, the seedling emergence rate is low, and the rice planting is influenced.
The seedling culture substrate prepared independently is used for seedling culture, but the seedling culture substrates in the current market are various, but the growth requirements of rice are difficult to meet, most of nutrients exist in a state that plants are not easy to absorb, the functions of preventing plant diseases and insect pests and weed production are not achieved, and the phenomena of weak seedlings and dead seedlings are serious.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a novel seedling raising substrate sheet which has the effects of comprehensive nutrition, disease and insect damage prevention, weed prevention and strong seedling and can obviously improve the survival rate of rice seedling raising.
The technical purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a seedling raising substrate sheet is prepared from a decomposed organic fertilizer, crushed agricultural organic waste, a disease prevention weeding preparation and an adhesive in a mass ratio of (60-70): (25-35): (2-3) pressing (5-8); wherein, the decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by carrying out micro-aerobic fermentation on livestock and poultry manure with the water content of less than 70 percent and crushed corncobs with the water content of less than or equal to 5 percent by an organic matter fast decomposition microbial inoculum, mixing the fermented material with a full-nutrition preparation, and then carrying out decomposition and aging; the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the corncobs in the micro-aerobic fermentation is (80-85) - (15-20), and the addition amount of the organic matter fast-decomposing inoculant is 1-2 per mill of the total mass of the livestock manure and the corncobs; the dosage of the full-nutrition preparation during the decomposition and aging is 2-3% of the mass of the fermentation material; the total nutrient preparation contains 45-55% of N, 15-25% of P and 15-25% of K. The disease prevention weeding preparation is 130-180 times diluted liquid of mixed liquid of jinggangmycin and benthiocarb with the concentration of 15-25%, wherein the volume ratio of the jinggangmycin to the benthiocarb is 1: 1.
Preferably, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material before micro-aerobic fermentation is (25-30): 1, the water content is 50-60%, the pH value is 6.5-8.0, and the total nutrient content is 4-6%.
Wherein, the micro-aerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: the oxygen concentration is kept at 10-20%, the temperature is 50-65 ℃, and the pile is turned once in 5-7 days.
Wherein, the condition of decomposition and aging is as follows: stacking height is less than or equal to 6m, natural ventilation is carried out, pile turning is carried out once in 7-10 days, the decomposing time is not less than 30 days, and when the temperature of a pile body is kept below 40 ℃, the moisture content of materials is below 30%, and the decomposition of the organic fertilizer is finished.
Wherein the grain diameter of the crushed agricultural organic waste is less than 10 mm.
Preferably, the agricultural organic waste comprises one or more of corncobs, rice husks, straws and wood chips.
Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure comprises one or more of pig manure, chicken manure and cow manure.
The organic matter fast-decomposing inoculant comprises bacillus licheniformis, xanthomonas thistle, pseudomonas newcastle, mycobacterium pantothenic acid, bacillus galactose, bordetella and pseudomonas, wherein the total effective viable count is 40 hundred million/g, and the mass ratio of each strain is as follows: (3 to 5), (1 to 2) and (1 to 2).
Wherein the binder is pulp. Wherein the paper pulp is obtained by mechanically pulping waste paper.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the seedling substrate sheet, which comprises the following steps: crushing and pretreating agricultural organic wastes and corncobs with the water content of less than or equal to 5%; mixing livestock and poultry manure with the water content of less than 70% with corncobs, adding an organic matter fast-decomposing microbial inoculum for mixing, and carrying out microaerobic fermentation on the mixed material for not less than 30 days; adding the fermented material into a full-nutrition preparation, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing and aging for no less than 30 days; uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the crushed agricultural organic waste, the disease-preventing herbicide and the adhesive in proportion; filling the mixture into a forming die according to the weight requirement, and performing compression forming to obtain the product.
The seedling raising matrix sheet provided by the invention is formed by tabletting agricultural wastes and livestock and poultry manure, and is used for returning seedlings to the field, so that the resource utilization of wastes is realized, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the circular economy concept is met; one mu of dry farmland topsoil is dug and taken in traditional seedling raising, only 500 mu of rice seedling raising can be solved, the farmland topsoil is damaged in a large area and is more and more difficult to take in long term, and the seedling raising matrix sheet of 1500 mu can solve the soil taking in 70 ten thousand mu of rice seedling raising farmland, so that the farmland area can be protected to be nearly 1000 mu in 1 year; the traditional seedling raising process comprises the steps of soil taking, stacking fermentation, soil screening, acid adjustment, pesticide spraying, fertilizer mixing, filling, seedling raising and the like, and is labor-consuming, time-consuming, labor-intensive and high in production cost, and by adopting the technology, the labor force, labor cost, labor time and intensity are obviously reduced, and the cost can be saved by more than 50%; the raw materials and nutrition are proportioned according to the characteristics of rice seedling raising, the water and fertilizer retention performance is good, the management of a seedling raising project is convenient, the seedlings can be raised in greenhouse, fields, road fields and cement roads, the root system of the seedling raising is developed, the packing effect is excellent, the growth vigor of the seedlings is superior to that of conventional soil, the mechanical operation is suitable, the green returning speed is fast after the seedling raising, organic matters are returned to the field again, and the soil is improved; the raw materials are all rural wastes, so that the problems of burning prohibition and difficult outlet of rural biomass are solved, the phenomenon of 'three piles' commonly existing in rural areas is eliminated, the income of farmers is increased, and the production, living conditions and living environment of rural residents are improved. The method has extremely important social benefits for improving the living environment of rural areas and boosting the construction of beautiful villages, and accords with the industrial policies of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization of China.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand the present invention.
The following examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a seedling substrate sheet, which is specifically prepared by the following steps:
s1, crushing and pretreating the collected agricultural organic wastes (including but not limited to corncobs, rice husks, straws, sawdust and the like) with the water content of less than or equal to 5% to obtain grains with the grain diameter of less than 10mm for later use;
s2, mixing livestock and poultry manure (including but not limited to pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure and the like) with the moisture content of less than 70% with corncobs according to the mass ratio of (80-85) to (15-20), adding 1-2 per mill of organic matter rapid decomposition microbial inoculum, and ensuring the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material before fermentation to be (25-30): 1, the water content is 50-60%, the pH value is 6.5-8.0, and the total nutrient content is 4-6%;
wherein the fast decomposing inoculant in the step is a functional group microorganism consisting of 7 strains, including Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), Xanthomonas thistle (Xanthomonas Cynarae), Pseudomonas newcastle (Pseudomonas boreopes), mycobacterium pantothenic acid (Virgibacillus pantobacter pantoea), Bacillus galactosophilus (Bacillus galactophilus), Bordetella (Bordetella bronopolica) and Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas taiwanensis), wherein the total effective viable count is 40 hundred million/g, and the mass ratio of each strain is as follows: (3-5): (1-2): (1-2): (1-2): (1-2): (1-2): (1-2).
Total nutrient content means (N-P)2O5-K2O) content is between 4 and 6 percent.
S3, feeding the mixed materials into a long-tank type rapid fermentation reactor for micro aerobic fermentation, regularly turning the materials by using a turning machine, and adjusting air, moisture and temperature required by the fermentation process to be in the optimal state so as to promote the fermentation, wherein the fermentation time is not less than 30 days;
wherein, the micro-aerobic fermentation conditions are as follows: keeping the proper oxygen concentration at 10% -20%, the temperature at 50-65 ℃, and turning the pile once after 5-7 days.
S4, adding 2-3% of N, P, K total nutrient preparation into the fermented material, uniformly mixing, continuously decomposing and aging for no less than 30 days, so that nutrients can be gradually organized in a micro-aerobic fermentation system while microorganisms continuously decompose organic matters, and the organic nutrients are stored in an organic fertilizer;
wherein the total nutrient preparation contains 45-55% of N, 15-25% of P and 15-25% of K.
The decomposing and aging conditions are as follows: stacking height is less than or equal to 6m, natural ventilation is carried out, pile turning is carried out once within 7-10d, the decomposing time is not less than 30d, and when the temperature of a pile body is kept below 40 ℃, the moisture content of materials is below 30%, and the decomposition of the organic fertilizer is finished.
S5, mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer with the other part of crushed agricultural organic waste, the disease prevention herbicide and the adhesive according to the mass ratio of (60-70): (25-35): (2-3): (5-8) mixing and stirring uniformly;
the disease-preventing and weeding preparation used in the step is 130-180 times diluted liquid of mixed liquid of jinggangmycin and benthiocarb with the concentration of 15-25%, wherein the volume ratio of the jinggangmycin to the benthiocarb is 1: 1.
The adhesive is paper pulp and is obtained by mechanically pulping waste paper.
S6, putting 900-1000 g of the mixture into a matrix sheet forming die with the specification of 580mm by 280mm by 15mm, and performing compression molding by an integrated matrix sheet forming machine;
s7, drying the formed substrate pieces by a drying device until the moisture content is 10%, controlling the quality of each substrate piece to be 300-320 g, detecting the germination rate to be more than 90% when leaving a factory, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5, controlling the total nutrient to be more than 10%, controlling the organic matter content to be more than 75%, and boxing and entering a finished product warehouse after the detection is qualified.
The invention takes livestock and poultry manure and agricultural organic waste as main raw materials, the fermentation material is obtained after micro aerobic fermentation by an organic matter fast decomposition agent, the fermentation material is mixed with a full nutrient preparation for decomposition and aging, nutrients are stored in an organic fertilizer in an organic state, finally the organic fertilizer, the crushed agricultural organic waste, a disease-preventing and weeding preparation and an adhesive are pressed and formed in a forming machine according to a certain mass ratio, and seedling culture matrix tablets are prepared after drying, the full nutrient preparation is added in the decomposition stage, the nutrients in a micro aerobic fermentation system can be gradually organized to be organic nutrients which are stored in the organic fertilizer, the organic rate of nitrogen fertilizer can reach more than 85 percent, the loss rate of added nitrogen is less than 5 percent, the organic rate of phosphorus and potassium can reach more than 65 percent, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the organic fertilizer can be improved by more than 10 percent, and the total nutrient content of the organic fertilizer is greatly improved, the seedling culture substrate sheet has the effects of comprehensive nutrition, disease and insect pest prevention, weed prevention and seedling strengthening, can obviously improve the survival rate of rice seedling culture, and meanwhile, the organic nutrients and the disease prevention weeding preparation can be slowly released in soil and absorbed by the root system of crops, so that the physiological effect of the crops is improved, and the effects of high yield and high quality are achieved.
In the fermentation stage, an organic matter rapid decomposition agent is adopted, a high-efficiency and stable organic matter decomposition bacterium complex system is taken as a central microorganism area system, stirring, ventilation and flow of a pile are simultaneously realized by a conveying type organic fertilizer automatic pile turning machine, high-carbon substances such as feces, hardly-degradable lignocellulose and the like can be rapidly degraded in the pile environment, the fermentation cost of the organic fertilizer is greatly reduced, the vaporization loss of nutrients is reduced, and the nitrogen preservation rate can reach 70%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a seedling substrate sheet, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and pretreating the collected corncobs and rice husks with the water content of 5% until the particle size is below 5 mm;
s2, taking pig manure with the water content of 68% and crushed corncobs according to the weight ratio of 80: 20, adding 1 per mill of organic matter rapid decomposition microbial inoculum, and detecting to obtain a material with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25: 1, the water content is 50%, the pH value is 6.5, and the total nutrient content is 4%;
s3, feeding the mixed materials into a long-tank type rapid fermentation reactor for microaerobic fermentation, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 12%, turning the materials by a turning machine every 5 days, adjusting the air required in the fermentation process, adjusting the water content to be 50%, adjusting the temperature to be 50 ℃, and fermenting for 30 days;
s4, adding 2% of total nutrient preparation into the fermented material, uniformly mixing, continuously stacking and decomposing for 30 days, ensuring that the stacking specification is 5m during stacking, and turning the stack once every 8 days to ensure that the microorganisms continuously decompose organic matters, and meanwhile, gradually organizing nutrients in a micro aerobic fermentation system to become organic nutrients and storing the organic nutrients in an organic fertilizer;
s5, mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the crushed agricultural organic wastes (corncobs and rice husks), a disease prevention weeding preparation (150 times of a mixed liquid of 20% of jinggangmycin and gramineous grass, wherein the volume ratio of the jinggangmycin to the gramineous grass is 1:1), and paper pulp according to a ratio of 60: 32: 3: 5, mixing and stirring uniformly;
s6, putting 900g of the mixture into a matrix sheet forming die with the specification of 580mm x 280mm x 15mm, and performing compression molding by an integrated matrix sheet forming machine;
s7, drying the formed substrate sheet by a drying device until the moisture content is 10% or less, wherein the mass of each substrate sheet is 300g, and detecting that the pH value is 7, the total nutrient is 11% and the organic matter content is 77%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a seedling substrate sheet, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and pretreating the collected corncobs and straws with the water content of 4% to a particle size of below 5 mm;
s2, taking cow dung with the water content of less than 65% and crushed corncobs according to the weight ratio of 85: 15, adding 2 per mill of organic matter rapid decomposition microbial inoculum, and detecting to obtain a material with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 26: 1, the water content is 53 percent, the pH value is 7.0, and the total nutrient content is 4 percent;
s3, feeding the mixed materials into a long-tank type rapid fermentation reactor for micro aerobic fermentation, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 15%, turning the materials by a turning machine every 6 days, adjusting the air required in the fermentation process, adjusting the water content to be 55%, adjusting the temperature to be 60 ℃ and fermenting for 40 days;
s4, adding 5% of total nutrient preparation into the fermented material, uniformly mixing, continuously stacking and decomposing for 40 days, ensuring that the stacking specification is 6m during stacking, and turning the stack once in 10 days to ensure that the nutrients are gradually organized in a micro aerobic fermentation system while the microorganisms continuously decompose organic matters, so that the organic nutrients are stored in the organic fertilizer;
s5, mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the crushed agricultural organic waste straws, a disease prevention herbicide (150 times of a mixed liquid of 20% of jinggangmycin and gramineous grass), a diluent of a mixed liquid of 20% of jinggangmycin and gramineous grass, wherein the volume ratio of the jinggangmycin to the gramineous grass is 1:1), and paper pulp according to a ratio of 70: 20: 3: 7, mixing and stirring uniformly;
s6, putting each 1000g of the mixture into a matrix sheet forming die with the specification of 580mm x 280mm x 15mm, and performing compression molding by an integrated matrix sheet forming machine;
s7, drying the formed substrate sheet by a drying device until the moisture content is less than 10%, wherein the mass of each substrate sheet is 320g, and detecting that the pH is 7.2, the total nutrient is 13% and the organic matter content is 77%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a seedling substrate sheet, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing and pretreating the collected corncobs and wood chips with the water content of 5% until the particle size is below 5 mm;
s2, mixing the chicken manure with the water content of 65% and the crushed corncobs according to the weight ratio of 80: 18, adding 1.5 per mill of organic matter rapid decomposition microbial inoculum, and detecting to obtain a material with a carbon-nitrogen ratio of 27: 1, the water content is 57 percent, the pH value is 7.5, and the total nutrient content is 5 percent;
s3, feeding the mixed materials into a long-tank type rapid fermentation reactor for micro aerobic fermentation, controlling the oxygen concentration to be 20%, turning the materials by a turning machine every 7 days, adjusting the air required in the fermentation process, adjusting the water content to be 58%, adjusting the temperature to be 65 ℃ and fermenting for 30 days;
s4, adding 2% of total nutrient preparation into the fermented material, uniformly mixing, continuously stacking and decomposing for 30 days, ensuring that the stacking specification is 5.5m during stacking, and turning the stack once in 10 days to ensure that nutrients are gradually organized in a micro-aerobic fermentation system while microorganisms continuously decompose organic matters, so that the organic nutrients are stored in the organic fertilizer;
s5, mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the crushed agricultural organic wastes (corncobs and rice husks), the disease prevention herbicide (150 times of a mixed liquid of 20% of jinggangmycin and gramineous grass, wherein the volume ratio of the jinggangmycin to the gramineous grass is 1:1), and paper pulp according to a ratio of 65: 32: 3: 7, mixing and stirring uniformly;
s6, putting 900g of the mixture into a matrix sheet forming die with the specification of 580mm x 280mm x 15mm, and performing compression molding by an integrated matrix sheet forming machine;
s7, drying the formed substrate sheet by a drying device until the moisture content is less than 10%, wherein the mass of each substrate sheet is 300g, and detecting that the pH value is 7.2, the total nutrient is 13% and the organic matter content is 76%.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 is different from the example 1 in that the mass ratio of the pig manure to the corncobs in the step S2 is 70: 30.
comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that the total nutrient formulation is added in an amount of 1% by mass of the fermentation material in step S4.
And (3) planting effect test:
seedling raising and planting tests are carried out on the seedling raising substrate sheets prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 and a commercially available seedling raising substrate under the same condition, three times of each group of tests are set, common rice seeds are taken to be sown and raised after being soaked and sprouted, the conditions of the rice seedlings are compared after 20 days, and the results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 growth of rice seedlings on different seedling-raising substrate pieces
As can be seen from the above table, in the micro-aerobic fermentation process, when the adding proportion of the pig manure and the corncobs is not appropriate and the adding amount of the total nutrient preparation is not appropriate, the obtained seedling raising substrate cannot meet the requirement of rice seedling raising, and the germination rate, seedling height, survival rate and the like of the seedling raising substrate are affected.
It should be noted that the above examples are only for further illustration and description of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to further limit the technical solution of the present invention, and the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A seedling culture substrate sheet is characterized by comprising decomposed organic fertilizer, crushed agricultural organic waste, a disease prevention herbicide and an adhesive in a mass ratio of (60-70): (25-35): (2-3) pressing (5-8);
wherein, the decomposed organic fertilizer is obtained by carrying out micro-aerobic fermentation on livestock and poultry manure with the water content of less than 70 percent and crushed corncobs with the water content of less than or equal to 5 percent by an organic matter fast decomposition microbial inoculum, mixing the fermented material with a full-nutrition preparation, and then carrying out decomposition and aging;
the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the corncobs in the micro-aerobic fermentation is (80-85) - (15-20), and the addition amount of the organic matter fast-decomposing inoculant is 1-2 per mill of the total mass of the livestock manure and the corncobs;
the dosage of the full-nutrition preparation during the decomposition and aging is 2-3% of the mass of the fermentation material;
the total nutrient preparation contains 45-55% of N, 15-25% of P and 15-25% of K.
2. A seedling substrate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the material before microaerobic fermentation is (25-30): 1, the water content is 50-60%, the pH value is 6.5-8.0, and the total nutrient content is 4-6%.
3. A seedling substrate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of microaerophilic fermentation are: the oxygen concentration is kept at 10-20%, the temperature is 50-65 ℃, and the pile is turned once in 5-7 days.
4. A seedling substrate sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditions of aging are: stacking height is less than or equal to 6m, natural ventilation is carried out, pile turning is carried out once in 7-10 days, the decomposing time is not less than 30 days, and when the temperature of a pile body is kept below 40 ℃, the moisture content of materials is below 30%, and the decomposition of the organic fertilizer is finished.
5. A seedling substrate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the agricultural organic waste after being crushed is < 10 mm.
6. A growth substrate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural organic waste comprises one or more of corncobs, rice hulls, straw, wood chips.
7. The seedling substrate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the livestock manure comprises one or more of pig manure, chicken manure and cow manure.
8. A seedling substrate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the organic fast-decomposing inoculant comprises bacillus licheniformis, xanthomonas thistle, pseudomonas north castle disease, mycobacterium pantothenic acid, bacillus galactose acidophilus, bordetella and pseudomonas, wherein the total effective viable count is 40 hundred million/g, and the mass ratio of each strain is as follows: (3 to 5), (1 to 2) and (1 to 2).
9. A growth substrate sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder is pulp.
10. A method for producing a seedling substrate sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
crushing and pretreating agricultural organic wastes and corncobs with the water content of less than or equal to 5%;
mixing livestock and poultry manure with the water content of less than 70% with corncobs, adding an organic matter fast-decomposing microbial inoculum for mixing, and carrying out microaerobic fermentation on the mixed material for not less than 30 days;
adding the fermented material into a full-nutrition preparation, uniformly mixing, and continuously decomposing and aging for no less than 30 days;
uniformly mixing the decomposed organic fertilizer, the crushed agricultural organic waste, the disease-preventing herbicide and the adhesive in proportion;
filling the mixture into a forming die according to the weight requirement, and performing compression forming to obtain the product.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114600732A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-10 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Iron-modified biochar rice seedling raising matrix, matrix plate and preparation method |
| CN114933496A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Low-carbon micro-aerobic composting method for agricultural and forestry waste |
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| CN103918534A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Organic seedling cultivating substrate for ornamental peppers and preparing method |
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| CN114600732A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-10 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Iron-modified biochar rice seedling raising matrix, matrix plate and preparation method |
| CN114933496A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Low-carbon micro-aerobic composting method for agricultural and forestry waste |
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