CN114014177A - 一种加节增高装置和加节增高方法及起重机 - Google Patents

一种加节增高装置和加节增高方法及起重机 Download PDF

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CN114014177A
CN114014177A CN202111358734.3A CN202111358734A CN114014177A CN 114014177 A CN114014177 A CN 114014177A CN 202111358734 A CN202111358734 A CN 202111358734A CN 114014177 A CN114014177 A CN 114014177A
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joint
telescopic
standard
truss
knot
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李纲
孙永胜
张志华
吕明华
李�瑞
赵东源
雷明杰
刘剑
丹晨
管小兴
宋少宾
浮志远
王亚凯
武旭东
于浩源
程进博
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Zhengzhou New Dafang Heavy Industries and Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/283Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/30Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of telescopic elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/32Self-hoisting cranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/342Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes with telescopic elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种加节增高装置和加节增高方法及起重机,其中加节增高装置包括桁架伸缩臂,桁架伸缩臂包括第一伸缩节和第二伸缩节,第一伸缩节与车体连接作为起重机的顶升套架,第二伸缩节插设在第一伸缩节内并与其伸缩配合,第二伸缩节的下面布置一套提升架,与第一伸缩节间通过钢丝绳滑轮组相连;第一伸缩节的底部设有标准节导引门,用于加节的标准节从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,然后与第二伸缩节连接完成标准节的增加。本发明便捷高效,打破了伸缩桁架结构应用的弊端,提高了市场适用性,满足一般市场吊装重量和高度的需求,当更高的吊装物需求时,通过加节实现增高。

Description

一种加节增高装置和加节增高方法及起重机
技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域,具体地涉及一种加节增高装置和加节增高方法及起重机。
背景技术
传统的塔式起重机采用上加节方式,通过顶升套架转换及顶升油缸动作实现塔身的加高。该种加节方式需要多人高空作业,具有一定的危险性。
桁架结构的流动式起重机,对工作机位要求小,方便灵活,相较汽车吊抗风能力强,深受市场好评。汽车吊箱形伸缩臂可以实现多节伸缩,不同节间的截面惯性矩差别不大,结构布置紧凑,而桁架伸缩结构节间截面尺寸变化较大,通过提高上节材料强度不足以弥补截面较小的限制,同时考虑陆地超限运输,截面尺寸和部件长度都有超限尺寸限制,伸缩节数受限。对于大起重量的起重机,目前市场有四节桁架伸缩结构,随着起吊物高度的增加,桁架结构的流动式起重机受限制较多。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术中的问题,提供一种加节增高装置和加节增高方法及起重机。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种加节增高装置,包括桁架伸缩臂,所述桁架伸缩臂包括第一伸缩节和第二伸缩节,第一伸缩节与车体连接作为起重机的顶升套架,第二伸缩节插设在第一伸缩节内并与其伸缩配合,第二伸缩节的下面布置一套提升架,与第一伸缩节间通过钢丝绳滑轮组相连;
第一伸缩节的底部设有标准节导引门,用于加节的标准节从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,然后与第二伸缩节连接完成标准节的增加。
所述桁架伸缩臂与车体转动连接,形成有工作状态和行走状态;工作状态时桁架伸缩臂与车体垂直,行走状态时,桁架伸缩臂与车体基本平行。
所述车体上与标准节导引门对应设有车体滑道。
本发明还公开一种起重机,包括所述的加节增高装置。
本发明还公开一种加节增高方法,基于所述的加节增高装置,包括以下步骤:
(1)起重机行驶到工地地点后,桁架伸缩臂转换成工作状态;
(2)第二伸缩节相对第一伸缩1提升到位,接着将所要加节的标准节按照先后顺序依次布置在车体滑道上;
(3)然后提升架下放,依次将标准节1至N从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,并放置在提升架上,具体工序如下:标准节1从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,并与提升架连接,利用导链葫芦将其提高到合适高度后,将标准节2从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,标准节1下落与标准节2可靠连接后,再将两节整体提升,然后放置标准节3,依次完成,直到标准节1至N都放置完成,形成标准节单元;
(4)整体提升该标准节单元,与第二伸缩节可靠连接;
(5)然后启动提升卷扬机,将标准节单元、第二伸缩节及以上部分整体提升就位,直到标准节单元与第一伸缩节可靠连接,实现第一次加节;
(6)根据需要,参照步骤(1)至(5)依次实现第二次、第三次......的标准节单元加节。
所述桁架伸缩臂上布置多方位预拉装置。
起重机吊装完成后,再反向依次把增加的标准节拆解,桁架伸缩臂缩合至行走状态,整机开动到下一个工作地点进行作业。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明针对伸缩桁架的尺寸限制,设计一种加节增高装置及加节增高方法,便捷高效,打破了伸缩桁架结构应用的弊端,提高了市场适用性。根据市场需求和公路运输限制等,设计一款2-4节(甚至更多节)伸缩节的桁架伸缩臂,满足一般市场吊装重量和高度的需求,当更高的吊装物需求时,通过加节实现增高,必要时增加多方位预拉装置,增大结构刚度和承载力。
附图说明
图1为本发明起重机行走状态示意图;
图2为本发明起重机工作状态示意图;
图3为本发明增加标准节布置示意图;
图4为本发明开始加节示意图;
图5为本发明第一次标准节单元加节就位(开始提升)示意图;
图6为本发明第一次加节完成示意图;
图7为本发明第二次加节完成示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作详细说明。
如图1至图7所示,本实施例的一种加节增高装置,包括桁架伸缩臂10,桁架伸缩臂10与车体15转动连接,形成有工作状态和行走状态;工作状态时桁架伸缩臂10与车体15垂直,行走状态时,桁架伸缩臂10与车体15基本平行。
桁架伸缩臂10包括2-4节(甚至更多节)伸缩节,具体的第一伸缩节11和第二伸缩节12作为桁架伸缩臂基体,其余伸缩节(第三和第四伸缩节)作为加节。第一伸缩节11与车体15连接作为起重机的顶升套架,第二伸缩节12插设在第一伸缩节11内并与其伸缩配合,第二伸缩节12的下面布置一套提升架,与第一伸缩节11间通过钢丝绳滑轮组相连。
第一伸缩节11的底部设有标准节导引门,用于加节的标准节从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,然后与第二伸缩节12连接完成标准节的增加。
车体15上与标准节导引门对应还设有车体滑道,将所要加节的标准节按照先后顺序依次布置在车体滑道上,方便运送。
本实施例的加节增加实现原理:将最下面的第一伸缩节当做塔式起重机的顶升套架,第二伸缩节的下面布置一套提升架,与第一伸缩节间通过钢丝绳滑轮组相连,作为加节增高的动力,第三和第四伸缩节(如有)仍保持原来的尺寸和状态。当需要较大的起升高度时,第二伸缩节提升到位后,启动卷扬机放下提升架,将标准节通过牵引卷扬及底部滑道,定位于提升架上,通过布置在第二伸缩节下部的导链葫芦提高,完后标准节的增加,每次增加高度受限于伸缩节的初始长度。标准节加高完成后整体提升与第二伸缩节可靠连接,还可以进而后续的加高操作。
本实施例还提供一种加节增高方法,基于所述的加节增高装置,包括以下步骤:
(1)根据需要吊装重物的重量和高度,选择合适的起重机参数;起重机行驶到工地地点后,桁架伸缩臂10转换成工作状态;
(2)第二伸缩节12相对第一伸缩节11提升到位,接着将所要加节的标准节按照先后顺序依次布置在车体滑道上;
(3)然后提升架下放,依次将标准节1至6从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,并放置在提升架上,具体工序如下:标准节1从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,并与提升架连接,利用导链葫芦将其提高到合适高度后,将标准节2从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,标准节1下落与标准节2可靠连接后,再将两节整体提升,然后放置标准节3,依次完成,直到标准节1至6都放置完成,形成标准节单元13;
(4)整体提升该标准节单元,与第二伸缩节12可靠连接;
(5)然后启动提升卷扬机,将标准节单元13、第二伸缩节12及以上部分整体提升就位,直到标准节单元与第一伸缩节11可靠连接,实现第一次加节;
(6)参照步骤(1)至(5)依次实现第二次......的标准节单元14加节。根据需要,参照步骤(1)至(5)还可依次实现第三次、第四次......的标准节单元加节;
(7)起重机吊装完成后,再反向依次把增加的标准节拆解,桁架伸缩臂缩合至行走状态,整机开动到下一个工作地点进行作业。
必要时,桁架伸缩臂上布置多方位预拉装置,增大结构刚度和承载力。
本发明针对伸缩桁架的尺寸限制,设计一种加节增高装置及加节增高方法,便捷高效,打破了伸缩桁架结构应用的弊端,提高了市场适用性。根据市场需求和公路运输限制等,设计一款2-4节(甚至更多节)伸缩节的桁架伸缩臂,满足一般市场吊装重量和高度的需求,当更高的吊装物需求时,通过加节实现增高。
本实施例还公开一种起重机,包括所述的加节增高装置。其也不仅限于起重机,任何使用加节增高装置的工程机械均在本发明的保护范围内。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语 “左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、为特定的方位构造和操作,因而不能理解为对本发明保护内容的限制。
如果本文中使用了“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件的话,本领域技术人员应该知晓:“第一”、“第二”的使用仅仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,如没有另外声明,上述词语并没有特殊的含义。
以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (7)

1.一种加节增高装置,包括桁架伸缩臂,其特征在于:所述桁架伸缩臂包括第一伸缩节和第二伸缩节,第一伸缩节与车体连接作为起重机的顶升套架,第二伸缩节插设在第一伸缩节内并与其伸缩配合,第二伸缩节的下面布置一套提升架,与第一伸缩节间通过钢丝绳滑轮组相连;
第一伸缩节的底部设有标准节导引门,用于加节的标准节从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,然后与第二伸缩节连接完成标准节的增加。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加节增高装置,其特征在于:所述桁架伸缩臂与车体转动连接,形成有工作状态和行走状态;工作状态时桁架伸缩臂与车体垂直,行走状态时,桁架伸缩臂与车体基本平行。
3.根据权利要求2所述的加节增高装置,其特征在于:所述车体上与标准节导引门对应设有车体滑道。
4.一种起重机,其特征在于:包括权利要求1-3任一项所述的加节增高装置。
5.一种加节增高方法,基于权利要求3所述的加节增高装置,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)起重机行驶到工地地点后,桁架伸缩臂转换成工作状态;
(2)第二伸缩节相对第一伸缩1提升到位,接着将所要加节的标准节按照先后顺序依次布置在车体滑道上;
(3)然后提升架下放,依次将标准节1至N从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,并放置在提升架上,具体工序如下:标准节1从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,并与提升架连接,利用导链葫芦将其提高到合适高度后,将标准节2从标准节导引门进入第一伸缩节,标准节1下落与标准节2可靠连接后,再将两节整体提升,然后放置标准节3,依次完成,直到标准节1至N都放置完成,形成标准节单元;
(4)整体提升该标准节单元,与第二伸缩节可靠连接;
(5)然后启动提升卷扬机,将标准节单元、第二伸缩节及以上部分整体提升就位,直到标准节单元与第一伸缩节可靠连接,实现第一次加节;
(6)根据需要,参照步骤(1)至(5)依次实现第二次、第三次......的标准节单元加节。
6.根据权利要求5所述的加节增高方法,其特征在于:所述桁架伸缩臂上布置多方位预拉装置。
7.根据权利要求5所述的加节增高方法,其特征在于:起重机吊装完成后,再反向依次把增加的标准节拆解,桁架伸缩臂缩合至行走状态,整机开动到下一个工作地点进行作业。
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