CN114009795A - Giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting liver - Google Patents
Giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting liver Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/1526—Amino acids; Peptides; Protein hydrolysates; Nucleic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and relates to a giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting liver, which comprises the effective components of 60-80 parts of giant salamander peptide, 3-7 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb extract and 5-15 parts of kudzu root extract. After the giant salamander peptide, the hovenia dulcis thunb extract and the kudzu root extract are combined for use, the composition generates a synergistic interaction effect and has the remarkable effects of protecting the liver and sobering and protecting the liver.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of health-care food, and relates to a giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting liver.
Background
In the current society, the pressure of work, life and the like, as well as the unscientific life style, causes the increase of liver-related diseases. The liver is the most important detoxifying organ of the human body and has a powerful defense detoxifying function on toxins produced by in vitro and body self-metabolism. Meanwhile, the liver is very sensitive and fragile, and the liver is aggravated to be injured by insufficient sleep, obesity, hyperglycemia, excessive drinking, smoking, staying up all night, drug abuse and greasy food abuse, so that chronic liver injury and hepatitis are converted, and finally, the liver cancer is developed. Liver function is damaged, and can cause diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease and atherosclerosis accompanied by fat metabolism disorder.
Giant salamanders are unique rare specialties in China and belong to two types of protected animals in China. According to the reports of the literature, the giant salamander is sweet, flat and light, and has the effects of tonifying qi, nourishing blood, developing intelligence, nourishing and strengthening. Giant salamanders are mainly distributed in streams in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze river, the middle and upper reaches of the Zhujiang river and the Hanshui upper reaches. Since the last 90 s, a large number of giant salamander domesticating and breeding enterprises are established in Hunan, Hubei, Shanxi and Guangxi, and the annual breeding capacity reaches 60 thousands of tails. With the development of the culture scale, the intensive processing and utilization of macrographic resources become an urgent subject related to the continuous development of the giant salamander industry.
The semen Hoveniae is dried mature seed of Hovenia dulcis Thunb (Hovenia Thunb) belonging to Rhamnaceae (Rhamnaceae) Hovenia, and has effects of quenching thirst, relieving restlessness, relieving alcoholism, tranquilizing mind, and promoting urination. Modern pharmaceutical research shows that the hovenia dulcis thunb ethyl acetate extraction part can reduce the Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) activity and the liver Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of a mouse with acute alcoholism, improve the liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH), the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the Glutathione (GSH) content of the mouse, and has a remarkable anti-alcoholism effect. The hovenia dulcis thunb seed extract can reduce the concentration of ethanol in blood at different time after drinking, enhance the ADH activity in liver tissues and play a role in effectively reducing alcohol and alleviating hangover. The raisin tree seed ethyl acetate extraction part can prolong the drunkenness incubation period of mice, reduce drunkenness rate and death rate, and reduce the blood ethanol concentration of the mice after drinking. The raisin tree seed can obviously shorten the sleep time of the mice induced by the ethanol and obviously reduce the concentration of the ethanol in blood, and the raisin tree seed is proved to have obvious treatment effect on acute alcoholism.
Radix Puerariae is dried root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi of Leguminosae, and has effects of relieving muscles and fever, promoting eruption, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, invigorating yang and relieving diarrhea. The related pharmacological research shows that after excessive alcohol is taken in a human body, the ethanol is accumulated in the liver of the human body, the metabolic pressure of the liver in the human body is increased due to oxidation reaction, and then the fat property of the liver cells is changed due to the accumulation of toxin, and the alcoholism of a patient is induced due to the hypoxia of the liver cells. However, a large number of clinical experiments use the traditional Chinese medicine radix puerariae decoction and a conventional anti-alcoholism mode to treat alcoholism patients, and the clinical treatment effective rate of the radix puerariae decoction is found to be remarkably higher than that of the conventional anti-alcoholism mode. Meanwhile, related research results show that the dosage of the radix puerariae is adjusted according to the actual condition of a patient, the accumulation of toxins in the liver of the patient caused by alcoholism is obviously reduced, and the absorption of the intestines and stomach to alcohol is obviously reduced, so that the radix puerariae shows an excellent effect on relieving alcoholism and protecting liver.
The treatment of liver diseases lacks specific drugs, the drugs which are clinically tried at present are beneficial to delaying the liver attack or have the potential of relieving the liver attack, but most drugs have certain side effects, and the dosage, the course of treatment, the safety and the side effects of the drugs are required to be further researched when the purpose of treating the liver is achieved. Clinical drugs for protecting the liver or treating liver injury will further increase the risk of adverse reactions in the cardiovascular and digestive tracts. Based on the fact that the medicine has certain side effect, and functional food for protecting liver is not available on the market. Therefore, the development of a liver-protecting nutritional composition has great development significance and market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nutritional composition capable of effectively protecting the liver.
In view of the above, the present application addresses this need in the art by providing a giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for liver protection.
On one hand, the invention relates to a giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting liver, which comprises the effective components of 60-80 parts of giant salamander peptide, 3-7 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb extract and 5-15 parts of kudzu root extract in parts by weight; preferably, the effective components of the composition comprise 65.7 parts of giant salamander peptide, 4.5 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb extract and 10 parts of kudzu root extract.
Further, the present invention provides a method for preparing hovenia dulcis thunb extract, comprising: pulverizing dried semen Hoveniae 2.0kg, adding into extraction tank, adding 4 times of water, reflux-extracting for 3 times (2 hr each time), mixing extractive solutions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, adding ethanol at a ratio of 1:1 to ethanol content of 50%, refrigerating for 48 hr, filtering, collecting supernatant, and drying to obtain water-extracted ethanol precipitate of semen Hoveniae; taking 50g of dried semen Hoveniae water-extraction alcohol precipitate, suspending with 8 times of water (400ml), boiling water bath for 30min, cooling, and filtering to remove insoluble substances; adding ethyl acetate into the filtered water solution at a ratio of 1:1 for extraction, performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min, separating out an upper ethyl acetate part after the liquid level returns to calm, and repeatedly extracting until the upper solution is colorless; and (3) performing rotary evaporation on the ethyl acetate part, concentrating and drying to obtain the hovenia dulcis thunb extract.
Further, the present invention provides a method for preparing a pueraria extract, comprising: adding the kudzu root powder into a 60% ethanol solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g to 40mL, stirring and extracting for 2h, centrifuging to obtain a supernatant, adding the sediment into the 60% ethanol solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g to 40mL, stirring and extracting for 2h, centrifuging to obtain the supernatant, combining the two supernatants and drying to obtain the kudzu root extract.
In another aspect, the invention relates to a food product comprising a liver-protecting andrias davidianus peptide nutritional composition and a dietetically acceptable adjuvant, the food product being suitable for people with liver vulnerability who have long-term adverse lifestyle habits.
According to the actual application requirements, the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition provided by the invention is prepared into tablets, capsules, powder, granules, pills or oral liquid according to the requirements related to food science and actual requirements by a method known by persons skilled in the art; preferably, the compositions of the present invention are prepared as a powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting the liver is designed for people with easily damaged liver due to long-term bad living habits, and shows a coordinated and synergistic effect in the aspects of liver protection and hangover and liver protection by multi-component compounding, and the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition has low sugar and low cholesterol, is easy to disperse in liquid, is matched with liquid foods such as porridge, porridge and the like or milk powder, and is convenient to eat.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
This example provides an animal test of the protective effect of a liver-protected andrias davidianus peptide nutritional composition on liver injury in rats.
Cleaning the artificially fed giant salamanders, cutting the artificially fed giant salamanders into giant salamander meat blocks of 2-3 cm, taking out, and draining water. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out deodorization treatment on giant salamander meat blocks by using a ginger juice, xylose and citric acid composite solution, wherein the mass fraction of the ginger juice in the composite solution is 8% of the ginger juice, the mass fraction of the xylose is 1% of the ginger juice, the mass fraction of the citric acid is 1% of the xylose, the mass ratio of the composite solution to fish meat is 6:1, the deodorization temperature is 5 ℃, and the deodorization time is 3 hours. And (3) putting the deodorized and drained giant salamander meat blocks into a constant-temperature baking oven at 60 ℃ for baking for 4 hours to obtain dried giant salamander meat, crushing the dried giant salamander meat and sieving the crushed giant salamander meat with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain giant salamander meat powder. Extracting giant salamander meat powder with No. 6 solvent oil to remove fat, and volatilizing the solvent to obtain defatted giant salamander powder; taking a compound enzyme of elastase and papain, wherein the mass ratio of the elastase to the papain is 2:1, the amount of the compound enzyme is 0.05 percent of the degreased giant salamander powder, adding the compound enzyme into hot water of 55 ℃ for pretreatment for 5min, uniformly stirring, filtering, then adding into a system of the degreased giant salamander powder and purified water, wherein the mass ratio of the degreased giant salamander powder to the purified water is 1:2, adjusting the pH value to 6 by adopting a buffer solution in the enzymolysis process, and carrying out enzymolysis for 2h at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain an enzymolysis liquid. Centrifuging, placing the enzymolysis liquid into a 4000r/min centrifugal machine for centrifuging for 10min, taking out and filtering. And (4) performing ultrafiltration twice, wherein a membrane for intercepting the molecular weight of 2000 daltons is adopted for the first time, and the intercepted liquid is taken for intercepting the molecular weight of 4000 daltons for the second time to obtain the giant salamander peptide liquid with the molecular weight range of 2000-4000 daltons. And (3) carrying out spray drying on the giant salamander peptide liquid to obtain a powdery substance, namely the giant salamander peptide.
Male SD rats (200 ± 20g) were randomly divided into 8 groups (blank group, model group, composition group 1, composition group 2, composition group 3, giant salamander peptide control group, hovenia dulcis thunb extract control group, pueraria lobata extract control group), 15 per group. The composition groups are divided into 3 groups according to the mass ratio, and in the composition group 1, the composition group 2 and the composition group 3, the mass ratio of the giant salamander peptide to the hovenia dulcis thunb extract to the kudzu root extract is 60:3:5, 65.7:4.5:10 and 80:7:15 respectively. The composition group 1 is administrated with the composition of 40mg/kg giant salamander peptide, hovenia dulcis thunb extract and kudzu root extract in a mass ratio of 60:3:5 by stomach irrigation, and the solvent is 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose; composition group 2 is administrated by gavage with 40mg/kg giant salamanderThe composition comprises peptides, hovenia dulcis thunb extract and kudzu root extract according to the mass ratio of 65.7:4.5:10, and a solvent is 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the composition group 3 is administrated with a composition with the mass ratio of 40mg/kg giant salamander peptide, hovenia dulcis thunb extract and kudzu root extract of 80:7:15 by stomach irrigation, and the solvent is 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose; gavage of the giant salamander peptide control group is performed with 40mg/kg of giant salamander peptide, and the solvent is 0.5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose; administering semen Hoveniae extract 40mg/kg to control group of semen Hoveniae extract by intragastric administration, wherein solvent is 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the radix Puerariae extract control group is administered with 40mg/kg radix Puerariae extract by intragastric administration, and the solvent is 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the model group was gavaged with 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The experimental groups (model group, composition group 1, composition group 2, composition group 3, giant salamander peptide control group, hovenia dulcis thunb extract control group and kudzu root extract control group) were continuously administered for intragastric administration for 7 days, once a day. After the last administration, except for the blank control group, the animals of the other groups were injected with 0.12% CCl into the abdominal cavity4Peanut oil (0.01mL/g), fasting for 24h without water, CO2The rats were sacrificed and serum and liver were collected. The activities of rat serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver were determined according to the instructions of the detection kit (provided by Biyun Tian biologies), and the specific results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 measurement of the protective action of giant salamander peptide nutritional composition on rat liver injury
The results in table 1 show that the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition can effectively protect the liver of a rat, reduce liver injury, effectively and remarkably inhibit the increase of the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) of the rat, effectively repair hepatocyte injury, reduce the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA), improve the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and effectively inhibit liver lipid peroxidation. Meanwhile, compared with a giant salamander peptide control group, a hovenia dulcis thunb extract control group and a kudzu root extract control group, the composition group shows more excellent protection effect. The results show that the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition has a synergistic effect on liver injury protection.
Example 2
The present example provides a formula of a giant salamander peptide nutritional composition food for protecting liver, and tests of acute toxicity and rat liver injury protection of the food.
(1) Food formulation
The food formulation of this example is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 food formulation table
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the raw materials and the auxiliary materials are prepared into powder and mixed evenly.
According to a food formula table shown in table 2, food 1 (giant salamander peptide 60 parts, hovenia dulcis thunb extract 3 parts, pueraria lobata extract 5 parts, oat flour 1 parts, edible essence 0.02 parts, stevioside 0.01 parts), food 2 (giant salamander peptide 65.7 parts, hovenia dulcis thunb extract 4.5 parts, pueraria lobata extract 10 parts, oat flour 3 parts, edible essence 0.06 parts, stevioside 0.05 parts), food 3 (giant salamander peptide 80 parts, hovenia dulcis thunb extract 7 parts, pueraria lobata extract 15 parts, sesame powder 5 parts, edible essence 0.1 parts, erythritol 0.1 parts) are prepared respectively. 40g of each of the food 1, the food 2 and the food 3 is taken and respectively prepared into paste by 160ml of warm boiled water. It can be observed that the food is easily dispersed in warm boiled water.
(2) Acute toxicity test
Dividing experimental mice (common-grade NIH mice, the weight is 18 +/-2 g) into two groups of male and female halves at random, feeding 4 male mice and 4 female mice respectively with the nutrient powder paste prepared by the food 1, the food 2 and the food 3, the volume of the nutrient powder paste is 2ml/10g of the weight, closely observing for 8 hours and recording, and continuously observing for 7 days. In 7 days, the mice do not die, have lively behaviors, normal food intake, bright hair color, no loose dirt, no convulsion, no excessive saliva, no abnormal secretion in eyes, mouths, noses, ears and perianal regions, and no broken tail and broken toes. 5 of the 3 groups are respectively killed, important organs such as heart, liver, lung, stomach and thymus are seen by naked eyes, abnormal changes are not found, and the nutritional food has no acute toxicity.
(3) Rat liver protection test
Male SD rats (200 ± 20g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (blank, model, food 1, food 2, food 3) of 15 animals each. The gavage is performed once for 1 group of food 1 at a dose of 40mg/kg food every day, for 2 groups of food 2 at a dose of 40mg/kg food every day, for 3 groups of food 3 at a dose of 40mg/kg food every day, and for a blank group and a model group at a dose of equal amount of clear water every day for 7 days. After the last administration, except for the blank control group, the animals of the other groups were injected with 0.12% CCl into the abdominal cavity4Peanut oil (0.01mL/g), fasting for 24h without water, CO2The rats were sacrificed and the livers were collected. The liver weight was measured, and the liver index was calculated according to the formula (liver weight/body weight) × 100%, and the test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 rat liver index Change
As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the food prepared from the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting the liver can effectively reduce the hepatomegaly degree of rats with liver injury, reduce the degenerative edema of the liver and protect the liver.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a test of the effect of relieving alcoholism and protecting liver of the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition food for protecting liver.
Male SD rats (200 + -20 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (blank, model, food 1, food 2, food 3)) 15 per group. The food 1 group, the food 2 group, the food 3 group and the model group are subjected to one-time gavage with 50% ethanol with the concentration of 1.5mL/100g, and the contrast group is subjected to gavage with the same amount of clear water. The food 1 group, the food 2 group and the food 3 group are respectively given 40mg/kg of food 1, food 2 and food 3 30min before wine filling, and the model group and the control group are given the same amount of clear water. CO after intragastric administration for 6h2The rats were sacrificed and the livers were collected. The ADH activity, ALDH activity, SOD activity and MDA activity of rat liver were measured by using a kit (provided by Biyun Tian Living beings), and the test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 index changes of rat liver ADH, ALDH, SOD, MDA
The results in table 4 show that the activities of ADH, ALDH and SOD in the liver tissues of the animals of the acute alcoholism mice are all higher than those of the model group and the content of lipid peroxide MDA is lower than that of the model group after the early intervention of the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition food for protecting the liver. Therefore, the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition food for protecting the liver can enhance the activity of key enzymes for ethanol metabolism of liver tissues and antioxidase and reduce the generation of lipid peroxidation products, and the giant salamander peptide nutritional composition food for protecting the liver has an excellent effect on relieving alcoholism and protecting the liver.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications of the technical solution of the present invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The giant salamander peptide nutritional composition for protecting the liver is characterized by comprising, by weight, 60-80 parts of giant salamander peptide, 3-7 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb extract and 5-15 parts of kudzu root extract.
2. The nutritional composition according to claim 1, wherein the effective components of the composition comprise 65.7 parts of giant salamander peptide, 4.5 parts of hovenia dulcis thunb extract and 10 parts of kudzu root extract in parts by weight.
3. A food comprising the composition of claims 1-2 and a dietetically acceptable excipient.
4. The food according to claim 3, wherein the food is in the form of tablets, capsules, powders, granules, pills or oral liquids.
5. The food according to claim 3, wherein the food is in the form of powder, and the bromatologically acceptable auxiliary material is one or more of grain powder, essence and sweetener.
6. The food product of claim 3, wherein the cereal flour is oat flour and/or sesame flour and the sweetener is steviol glycosides and/or erythritol.
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