CN114009630A - Composition containing chlorella polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition containing chlorella polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114009630A CN114009630A CN202111344523.4A CN202111344523A CN114009630A CN 114009630 A CN114009630 A CN 114009630A CN 202111344523 A CN202111344523 A CN 202111344523A CN 114009630 A CN114009630 A CN 114009630A
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- polysaccharide
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- seed oil
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000001335 perilla frutescens leaf extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N chitotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)N)[C@@H](CO)O1 RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000195628 Chlorophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 33
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 12
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 description 10
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 4
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000199919 Phaeophyceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000206572 Rhodophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 bout Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/716—Glucans
- A61K31/722—Chitin, chitosan
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
- A61K36/535—Perilla (beefsteak plant)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and discloses a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition containing the chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components: chlorella polysaccharide, perilla seed oil, phospholipid and chitosan oligosaccharide. According to the invention, the green alga polysaccharide is matched with the perilla seed oil and the chitosan oligosaccharide, and the three have synergistic effects, so that the immunity of the penaeus vannamei boone can be effectively improved, and the disease resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone from the young penaeus vannamei boone to the mature period can be enhanced; not only can improve the survival rate of the young shrimps to 96 percent or above, but also can ensure that the survival rate of the shrimps is over 90 percent when the shrimps are mature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and particularly relates to a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The seaweed is a lower plant growing in the sea, belongs to one of the important compositions of marine organisms, and mainly comprises four main types of seaweed, namely brown algae, red algae, green algae and blue algae; among them, brown algae and red algae have been artificially cultured and industrially utilized on a large scale, and widely used in production and practice, playing an important role in the fields of food industry, textile industry, medical and health, etc., while green algae have not been widely developed and utilized, only a part of high-yield green algae are used as feeds, baits, fertilizers, etc., and the green algae are recognized and utilized by humans to a far lesser extent than brown algae and red algae. However, the green algae are the most diverse group of algae, the largest of which is the algae plant, and about 350 genera, 7500-8000 species. The green algae are widely distributed in fresh water and seawater, and marine products account for about 10% of species, and fresh water products account for about 90% of species. The marine products are distributed along the shore of the sea and are usually attached to the rocks in shallow water with a length of more than 10 meters. The green algae has high nutritive value, contains a large amount of sugar, protein, fat, inorganic salt and various vitamins, and has good application prospect. The chlorella polysaccharide is a multi-component mixture, and belongs to one of algal polysaccharides. A large number of researches prove that the natural polysaccharide extracted from green algae has wide sources, various varieties, low toxic and side effects, high safety and various biological activities, and becomes a hotspot for research and development in recent years. The green algae polysaccharide has wide application prospect in aquatic feeds.
The penaeus vannamei boone is a high-quality aquatic animal, has high nutritive value and economic value, and is widely cultivated by people. The green alga polysaccharide is applied to the culture of the penaeus vannamei boone, so that the immunity of the penaeus vannamei boone can be improved to a certain degree, the disease resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone is enhanced, and the survival rate of the penaeus vannamei boone is improved. However, researches show that the survival rate of the green alga polysaccharide prawns is obviously improved during the growth period of the shrimp larvae into juvenile prawns. However, after young shrimps, along with the competition of the shrimps on the growth environment and the change of the shrimps, the green alga polysaccharide can not achieve good effect, and the survival rate of the mature shrimps can not be ensured.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide, which can improve the immunity of shrimps, enhance the disease resistance of shrimps, improve the survival rate of young shrimps and ensure the survival rate of mature shrimps.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the composition containing the chlorella polysaccharide provided by the invention can improve the immunity of the shrimps, enhance the disease resistance of the shrimps, improve the survival rate of the juvenile shrimps and ensure the survival rate of the mature shrimps.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composition comprising chlorella polysaccharide.
Specifically, the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components: chlorella polysaccharide, perilla seed oil and chitosan oligosaccharide.
In the composition, the green alga polysaccharide, the perilla seed oil and the chitosan oligosaccharide have synergistic effect, so that the immunity and the environmental tolerance of the penaeus vannamei boone are improved. Wherein, after the green alga polysaccharide is ingested, harmful bacteria and fungi in the prawn can be inhibited, and the chitosan oligosaccharide can regulate the metabolic activity of microorganisms in the intestinal tract of the prawn, selectively activate and proliferate beneficial bacteria; the perilla seed oil can protect shrimp intestinal tracts from harmful substances such as heavy metals and the like; the three have synergistic effect, and can effectively improve the adaptability of the juvenile shrimps to the water body, thereby improving the survival rate. And as the shrimp individual grows up, part of inorganic or inorganic toxic substances are accumulated in the body, the alpha-linolenic acid in the perilla seed oil can reduce the synthesis of various inflammation media in the shrimp body, and the alpha-linolenic acid and the green alga polysaccharide and the chitosan oligosaccharide have the combined action to reduce the cytotoxic injury, thereby reducing the fatality rate of the shrimp and improving the final survival rate of the shrimp.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the perilla seed oil is (5-25): 1; further preferably, the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the perilla seed oil is (10-20): 1; more preferably, the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the perilla seed oil is (10-15): 1.
preferably, the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the chitosan oligosaccharide is (10-50): 1; further preferably, the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the chitosan oligosaccharide is (20-40): 1; more preferably, the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the chitosan oligosaccharide is (25-35): 1.
preferably, the perilla seed oil is prepared by raw pressing.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-3000 Da; further preferably, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 2000-3000 Da.
Preferably, the composition further comprises a phospholipid.
Phospholipids are amphiphilic molecules with a hydrophilic nitrogen or phosphorus containing head at one end and a lipophilic long hydrocarbyl chain at the other end. The phospholipid is added into the composition, the phospholipid can coat the perilla seed oil by utilizing the attraction of the hydrophobic end of the phospholipid to the perilla seed oil, and the perilla seed oil can be uniformly dispersed in the phospholipid in the dispersing process. The coated perilla seed oil can not only reduce volatilization, but also avoid loss of active ingredients in preparation.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the perilla seed oil to the phospholipid is 1: (1-5); further preferably, the mass ratio of the perilla seed oil to the phospholipid is 1: (1-3).
Preferably, the phospholipid is lecithin.
Preferably, the composition further comprises an amino acid; further preferably, the amino acid is arginine.
Preferably, the mass of the amino acid is 10-30% of the total mass of the composition; more preferably, the mass of the amino acid is 20 to 30% of the total mass of the composition.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a composition comprising chlorella polysaccharide.
Specifically, the preparation method of the composition containing the chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and mixing the phospholipid and the perilla seed oil, adding the green alga polysaccharide and the chitosan oligosaccharide, and mixing to obtain the composition containing the green alga polysaccharide.
Firstly, mixing the perilla seed oil with phospholipid, gathering lipophilic long alkyl chains of the phospholipid and enabling the phospholipid to be close to the perilla seed oil, and coating the perilla seed oil to form coated particles; then the particles coated with the perilla seed oil are mixed with the green alga polysaccharide and the chitosan oligosaccharide, which is beneficial to uniformly mixing the materials; and is beneficial to protecting the perilla seed oil and preventing the volatilization of the perilla seed oil and the influence on the activity of the perilla seed oil in the preparation process.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of a composition comprising chlorella polysaccharide.
In particular to the application of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide in feed.
A feed comprising the chlorella polysaccharide-containing composition.
Preferably, the addition amount of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide in the feed is 1-8%; further preferably, the addition amount of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide in the feed is 3% -5%.
The penaeus vannamei feed comprises the composition containing the chlorella polysaccharide, and the addition amount of the composition containing the chlorella polysaccharide in the feed is 3% -5%.
The penaeus vannamei feed also comprises fish meal, bean pulp, peanut meal, animal viscera powder, bone meal, flour, monocalcium phosphate and fish oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the green alga polysaccharide is matched with the perilla seed oil and the chitosan oligosaccharide, and the three have synergistic effects, so that the immunity of the penaeus vannamei boone can be effectively improved, and the disease resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone from the young penaeus vannamei boone to the mature period can be enhanced; not only can improve the survival rate of the young shrimps to 96 percent or above, but also can ensure that the survival rate of the shrimps is over 90 percent when the shrimps are mature.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 3 parts of lecithin, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000Da) and 4.5 parts of arginine.
A method for preparing a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and (3) sieving the powdery material by a 60-mesh sieve to avoid the agglomerated and caked material. Then accurately weighing each component for later use. Adding lecithin and perilla seed oil into a dispersion machine, fully dispersing, adding green alga polysaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide and arginine, and dispersing to obtain the composition containing green alga polysaccharide.
Example 2
A composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
12.5 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 2 parts of lecithin, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-.
A method for preparing a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and (3) sieving the powdery material by a 60-mesh sieve to avoid the agglomerated and caked material. Then accurately weighing each component for later use. Adding lecithin and perilla seed oil into a dispersion machine, fully dispersing, adding green alga polysaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide and arginine, and dispersing to obtain the composition containing green alga polysaccharide.
Example 3
A composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 3 parts of lecithin, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000Da) and 2.5 parts of arginine.
A method for preparing a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and (3) sieving the powdery material by a 60-mesh sieve to avoid the agglomerated and caked material. Then accurately weighing each component for later use. Adding lecithin and perilla seed oil into a dispersion machine, fully dispersing, adding green alga polysaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide and arginine, and dispersing to obtain the composition containing green alga polysaccharide.
Example 4
A composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 5 parts of lecithin, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000Da) and 5 parts of arginine.
A method for preparing a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and (3) sieving the powdery material by a 60-mesh sieve to avoid the agglomerated and caked material. Then accurately weighing each component for later use. Adding lecithin and perilla seed oil into a dispersion machine, fully dispersing, adding green alga polysaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide and arginine, and dispersing to obtain the composition containing green alga polysaccharide.
Example 5
A composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 3 parts of lecithin and 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000 Da).
A method for preparing a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and (3) sieving the powdery material by a 60-mesh sieve to avoid the agglomerated and caked material. Then accurately weighing each component for later use. Adding lecithin and perilla seed oil into a dispersion machine, fully dispersing, adding green alga polysaccharide and chitosan oligosaccharide, and dispersing to obtain the composition containing green alga polysaccharide.
Example 6
A composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 3 parts of lecithin, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000Da) and 4.5 parts of glycine.
A method for preparing a composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following steps:
and (3) sieving the powdery material by a 60-mesh sieve to avoid the agglomerated and caked material. Then accurately weighing each component for later use. Adding lecithin and perilla seed oil into a dispersion machine, fully dispersing, adding green alga polysaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide and glycine, and dispersing to obtain the composition containing green alga polysaccharide.
Example 7
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in example 1.
Example 8
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in example 2.
Example 9
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in example 3.
Example 10
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in example 4.
Example 11
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in example 5.
Example 12
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in example 6.
Comparative example 1
In comparative example 1, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide and 0.5 part of chlorella polysaccharide were used instead of perilla seed oil, and the other components were the same as in example 1. The preparation process is to directly mix the components.
Specifically, the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14.5 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 3 parts of lecithin, 1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000Da) and 4.5 parts of arginine.
Comparative example 2
In comparative example 2, 2 parts of chlorella polysaccharide and 1 part of arginine were used instead of lecithin, and the other components were the same as in example 1. The preparation process is to directly mix the components.
Specifically, the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
16 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 0.5 part of chitosan oligosaccharide (molecular weight of 2000-3000Da) and 5.5 parts of arginine.
Comparative example 3
In comparative example 3, 0.5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide was replaced with 0.5 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, and the remaining components and preparation method were the same as in example 1.
Specifically, the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14.5 parts of chlorella polysaccharide, 1 part of perilla seed oil, 3 parts of lecithin and 4.5 parts of arginine.
Comparative example 4
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 5
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in comparative example 2.
Comparative example 6
The feed for the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of fish meal, 23 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of animal internal organ powder, 5 parts of bone meal, 25 parts of flour, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 4 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of the composition containing chlorella polysaccharide prepared in comparative example 3.
Product effectiveness testing
The feed prepared in the examples 7-12 and the comparative examples 4-6 is adopted to carry out a culture test on the penaeus vannamei boone, a 500L culture barrel is adopted in the culture test, three parallel tests are arranged on each feed, the initial breeding density is 50 tails/barrel, the penaeus vannamei boone is firstly bred for 30 days, and the survival rate after 30 days is tested. Then, the breeding is continued for 50 days until the breeding is mature, and the breeding test is finished.
After the culture test is finished, the weight gain rate, the feed coefficient, the survival rate in 80 days and the protein efficiency are measured, and the calculation formula of each index is as follows:
the weight gain (%) was 100 × (final average weight-initial average weight)/initial average weight;
survival rate (%) > 100 x live shrimp tail at end of test/shrimp tail at start of test;
the feed coefficient is the feed feeding amount/(final average weight-initial average weight);
the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, when the feed prepared in examples 7 to 12 is used for feeding penaeus vannamei boone, the immunity of the penaeus vannamei boone can be effectively improved, and the disease resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone from the young penaeus vannamei boone to the mature period can be enhanced; wherein the survival rate of the young shrimps is improved to 96 percent or more, and the survival rate of the mature shrimps is more than 90 percent. The survival rate (especially the survival rate at 80 days) is obviously higher than that of the penaeus vannamei boone fed in the comparative examples 4-6.
Claims (10)
1. A composition comprising chlorella polysaccharide, comprising the following components: chlorella polysaccharide, perilla seed oil and chitosan oligosaccharide.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the green algae polysaccharide to the perilla seed oil is (5-25): 1.
3. the composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the green alga polysaccharide to the chitosan oligosaccharide is (10-50): 1.
4. the chlorella polysaccharide-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition further comprises a phospholipid.
5. The chlorella polysaccharide-containing composition according to any one of claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the perilla seed oil to the phospholipid is 1: (1-5).
6. The chlorella polysaccharide-containing composition according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the composition further comprises amino acids in an amount of 10-30% by mass based on the total mass of the composition.
7. The method of preparing a chlorella polysaccharide-containing composition according to any one of claims 4 or 5, comprising the steps of:
and mixing the phospholipid and the perilla seed oil, adding the green alga polysaccharide and the chitosan oligosaccharide, and mixing to obtain the composition containing the green alga polysaccharide.
8. Use of a composition comprising chlorella polysaccharides according to any of claims 1-6 in feed.
9. A feed comprising a composition comprising chlorella polysaccharides according to any of claims 1-6.
10. The feed of claim 9, wherein the chlorella polysaccharide-containing composition is added to the feed in an amount of 1% to 8%.
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| CN103355491A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-10-23 | 中山大学 | Alga immunopotentiation compound feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103385353A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-13 | 中山大学 | Penaeus vannamei compound feed special for high salinity cultivation and preparation method of compound feed |
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| CN103385353A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-13 | 中山大学 | Penaeus vannamei compound feed special for high salinity cultivation and preparation method of compound feed |
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