CN113996329A - 一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113996329A CN113996329A CN202111313514.9A CN202111313514A CN113996329A CN 113996329 A CN113996329 A CN 113996329A CN 202111313514 A CN202111313514 A CN 202111313514A CN 113996329 A CN113996329 A CN 113996329A
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- catalyst
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OQBLGYCUQGDOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxastannolane-4,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1O[Sn]OC1=O OQBLGYCUQGDOOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NGCRLFIYVFOUMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline-6-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound N1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=NC2=CC(C(=O)Cl)=CC=C21 NGCRLFIYVFOUMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001759 cerium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PWEVMPIIOJUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyltin Chemical compound C[Sn]C PWEVMPIIOJUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HGQSXVKHVMGQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyltin Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Sn]CCCCCCCC HGQSXVKHVMGQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XNHGKSMNCCTMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-D niobium(5+);oxalate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[Nb+5].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O XNHGKSMNCCTMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 2
- ZTILUDNICMILKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(v) ethoxide Chemical compound CCO[Nb](OCC)(OCC)(OCC)OCC ZTILUDNICMILKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachloroniobium Chemical compound Cl[Nb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- YZDZYSPAJSPJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Sm+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YZDZYSPAJSPJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVSITDBROURTQX-UHFFFAOYSA-H samarium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Sm+3].[Sm+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LVSITDBROURTQX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- BHXBZLPMVFUQBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K samarium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sm](Cl)Cl BHXBZLPMVFUQBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I tantalum(v) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ta](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- CRHIAMBJMSSNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylstannane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CRHIAMBJMSSNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- RCIVOBGSMSSVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L stannous sulfate Chemical compound [SnH2+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RCIVOBGSMSSVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000375 tin(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/405—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/34—Manganese
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- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/62—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/622—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/626—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead with tin
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂及其制备方法和应用，属于工业VOCs催化剂制备技术领域。本发明所述催化剂包括锡氧化物、金属助剂氧化物以及载体，其中，所述金属助剂包括Nb、Ta、Mn、Co、Fe、Ni、Pt、Ce、Sm的一种或几种，所述锡元素与金属助剂元素的摩尔比为1‑100:1，所述锡氧化物与载体质量比为1‑30:100。制备方法为：将锡源前驱体和金属助剂前驱体按照一定比例配制成溶液，待完全溶解后，加入载体，0‑60℃搅拌一定时间后干燥，再于一定温度下焙烧即可。本发明的催化剂制备工艺简单，反应条件温和、催化活性稳定高效，可回收重复使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂及其制备方法和应用，属于工业VOCs催化剂制备技术领域。
背景技术
光催化剂技术在去除环境中有机污染物方面表现出优异的性能，光催化剂在一定条件下可直接将污染物降解成温和的二氧化碳和水，从而降低对环境的污染和危害。目前光催化剂研究较多的是二氧化钛，因此开发性能优良的其他光催化剂，对于环境治理来讲，存在极大的吸引力。
二氧化锡是一种重要宽禁带半导体材料，由于其独特的光学、电学和化学性质，在光催化领域有着广泛应用。二氧化锡净化有机污染物不仅效率高、成本低、安全无毒，且过程更为绿色温和。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于降解挥发性有机物VOCs的催化剂及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明首先提供了一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂，所述催化剂包括锡氧化物、金属助剂氧化物以及载体，其中，所述金属助剂包括Nb、Ta、Mn、Co、Fe、Ni、Pt、Ce、Sm的一种或几种，所述锡元素与金属助剂元素的摩尔比为1-100:1，所述锡氧化物与载体质量比为1-30:100。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述载体为γ-Al2O3、ZSM-5、活性炭、二氧化硅等中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供了上述用于降解VOCs的催化剂的制备方法，所述方法包括：将锡源前驱体和金属助剂前驱体按照一定比例配制成溶液，待完全溶解后，加入载体，搅拌一定时间后干燥，再于一定温度下焙烧即可。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述锡源前驱体包括氯化锡、氯化亚锡、草酸亚锡、二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、二甲基锡、四苯基锡、二辛基锡等中的任一种或几种。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述金属助剂前驱体为金属助剂的可溶性化合物，如乙醇铌、草酸铌、氯化铌；乙醇钽、氯化钽；硝酸锰、碳酸锰；碳酸钴、硝酸钴；硝酸铁、氯化铁；硝酸镍、硫酸镍、磺酸镍；二氯化铂、硝酸铂；硫酸铈、硝酸铈、氯化铈、碳酸铈、草酸铈、醋酸铈；氯化钐、硝酸钐，硫酸钐等。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述前驱体溶液与载体混合后，搅拌时间为2-24h，搅拌温度为0-60℃。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，焙烧温度为300-800℃。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述焙烧过程的时间为3-8h。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述焙烧在空气或惰性气氛下进行。
本发明还提供了一种降解VOCs的方法，所述方法利用上述催化剂或上述方法制备得到的催化剂来进行光催化。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，所述VOCs为Volatile Organic Compound，包括但不限于甲苯、二甲苯、三氯乙烷、甲醛等。
本发明还提供了上述催化剂或上述制备方法在环境领域中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点是：
(1)本发明催化剂的制备方法简单、成本低廉，具有很好的工业应用前景。
(2)本发明制备所得的催化剂工作温度较宽，活性高，抗毒害性能强。
(3)本发明制备得到的催化剂稳定性好，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
称取1.5g的氯化亚锡，0.05g的六水合硝酸铈，加入10mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10g的ZSM-5，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉500℃焙烧5h即可。
实施例2
称取1.5g的氯化亚锡，0.04g的硝酸铁，加入10mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10g的γ-Al2O3，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉500℃焙烧5h即可。
实施例3
称取2.0g的氯化亚锡，0.08g的碳酸锰，加入20mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入20g的二氧化硅，室温搅拌6h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉600℃焙烧3h即可。
实施例4
称取0.5g的草酸亚锡，0.05g的硝酸铂，加入10mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10g活性炭，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于管式炉500℃氮气气氛下焙烧5h即可。
实施例5
称取1.0g的硫酸亚锡，0.05g的硝酸镍，加入20mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10g二氧化硅，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉500℃下焙烧5h即可。
应用实施例
采用实施例1-5制备的催化剂对含有有机挥发物废气进行处理，反应条件如下：所得催化剂用于催化VOCs降解反应，条件如下：称取0.1g催化剂，将其置于石英管(内径28mm，长250mm)，在石英管的上下两端分别放置一激发光波长为254nm的24W紫外灯。室温条件下，将含有VOCs浓度为2mg/m3的气体从石英管通过，气体流量为0.5L/min，采用气相色谱对VOCs降解率进行分析。结果见表1。
表1实施例1～5的催化剂对含有有机挥发物废气的降解效果
由表中实验结果可以看出，本发明生产的催化剂对于各类挥发性有机污染物具有优异的去除率，且适用范围广泛，制备方法简单，具有良好的应用前景。
催化剂工作温度较宽，在室温或者较高的温度(如高于100℃)下均可以进行催化降解VOC的反应。催化剂抗毒害性能强，不易失活，寿命长且稳定性好。
当助剂金属选择为Nb、Ta、Co、Sm时，制备得到的催化剂对上述几种VOCs的降解率均可高达99％以上。
对比例1
称取1.5g的氯化亚锡，加入10mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10gZSM-5分子筛，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉500℃下焙烧5h即可。
按照实施例的方式测试该催化剂催化VOCs的效果，以甲醛作为反应物，降解率为74％。
对比例2
称取1.5g的氯化亚锡，0.2g氯化钠，加入10mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10gZSM-5分子筛，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉500℃下焙烧5h即可。
按照实施例的方式测试该催化剂催化VOCs的效果，以甲醛作为反应物，降解率为49％。
对比例3
称取1.0g的二丁基锡，2.0g硝酸铈，加入20mL水，室温搅拌，待其溶解后，加入10g二氧化硅，室温搅拌12h后，于80℃干燥6h。之后置于马弗炉300℃下焙烧3h。
该催化剂在上述催化VOCs反应条件下，以甲醛作为反应物，降解率为67％。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉此技术的人，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可做各种的改动与修饰，因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂，其特征在于，所述催化剂包括锡氧化物、金属助剂氧化物以及载体，其中，所述金属助剂包括Nb、Ta、Mn、Co、Fe、Ni、Pt、Ce、Sm的一种或几种，所述锡元素与金属助剂元素的摩尔比为1-100:1，所述锡氧化物与载体质量比为1-30:100。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂，其特征在于，所述载体为γ-Al2O3、ZSM-5、活性炭、二氧化硅中的一种或几种。
3.权利要求1或2所述的一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：将锡源前驱体和金属助剂前驱体按照一定比例配制成溶液，待完全溶解后，加入载体，搅拌一定时间后干燥，再于一定温度下焙烧即可得到所述催化剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述锡源前驱体包括氯化锡、氯化亚锡、草酸亚锡、二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、二甲基锡、四苯基锡、二辛基锡中的任一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属助剂前驱体为金属助剂的可溶性化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金属助剂前驱体包括乙醇铌、草酸铌、氯化铌；乙醇钽、氯化钽；硝酸锰、碳酸锰；碳酸钴、硝酸钴；硝酸铁、氯化铁；硝酸镍、硫酸镍、磺酸镍；二氯化铂、硝酸铂；硫酸铈、硝酸铈、氯化铈、碳酸铈、草酸铈、醋酸铈；氯化钐、硝酸钐、硫酸钐的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求3～6任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述前驱体溶液与载体混合后，搅拌时间为2-24h，搅拌温度为0-60℃。
8.根据权利要求3～7任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于，焙烧温度为300-800℃，时间为3-8h。
9.一种降解VOCs的方法，其特征在于，所述方法权利要求1或2所述的一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂或权利要求3～8任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的催化剂作为光催化剂。
10.权利要求1或2所述的一种用于降解VOCs的催化剂或权利要求3～8任一项所述的制备方法在环境领域中的应用。
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