CN113976125B - Co掺杂ZnO催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
Co掺杂ZnO催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及Co掺杂ZnO催化剂制备方法,将CTAB、Co(NO3)2·6H20、Zn(NO3)2·6H20、KNO3、乙二醇依次分散于溶剂中,并转移至高压水热反应釜,反应结束,获得Co掺杂ZnO催化剂。Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,由所述制备方法所制得。Co掺杂ZnO催化剂在活化PMS降解有机物中的应用。采用一步水热法制备Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,制备方法具有操作简单、安全、成本低廉等优点;本发明所获得的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂催化活性高,可有效活化PMS降解有机物,其中,5mi n内对TC降解效率达到99.86%,在绿色催化领域具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及绿色催化污染净化领域,具体涉及一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着工农业和经济的高速发展,人类赖以生存的淡水资源正在遭受严重污染,其中有机污染物,尤其是持久性有机污染物,因其污染物种类繁多、毒性持续时间长、降解难度大而被认为是环境污染控制研究重点,而在多种有机污染物中,包括四环素、环丙沙星在内的抗生素对人类健康的威胁和对生态环境的破坏性不容小觑。
为了从生态环境中去除有风险的抗生素及其他难降解有机污染物,目前已经开发了多种技术,如生物降解、电化学氧化、物理或化学吸附和光催化降解,然而为了大规模应用,仍需继续优化经济效益和技术路线。
在此基础上,提出一条成本更低、效益更高的新型污水处理方法——高级氧化技术(AOP),与传统去除难降解有机物的方法相比,AOP优势在于氧化能力强,反应速度快,对有机污染物的矿化率高,反应条件温和。
但传统高级氧化技术,即芬顿反应,弊端明显,如·OH半衰期短,对水环境pH要求严苛,且会产生大量铁泥,易发生二次污染。近年来基于硫酸根自由基的过硫酸盐(PMS)活化高级氧化技术迅速发展,过硫酸盐本身具有一定的氧化性,但氧化能力有限,通过催化剂活化后产生的·SO4-、·OH、1O2、·O2等活性物种具有更高的氧化还原电位和氧化能力。PMS活化与H2O2活化机理类似催化剂催化使得O-O键断裂产生相应的自由基,由于其所需反应设备简单、反应速率快、剩余污泥少、适用范围广、无二次污染等优势,在难降解有机污染污水处理和土壤修复中具有广阔应用前景。
为了获得高效活化PMS的绿色催化剂,学者进行了大量的科学研究工作,如缺陷工程、面元修饰工程、元素掺杂等,以提高现有催化剂的催化活性。在众多PMS活化方法中,过渡金属活化被认为是最简便的PMS方式,许多过渡金属氧化物,尤其是多价态金属氧化物(如铁、锰、钴基氧化物),作为电子给体催化PMS裂解生成其他氧化能力更强的活性氧物种,而单价态氧化物的PMS活化策略仍处于初步探索阶段。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂及其制备方法和应用,以克服上述现有技术中的不足。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将CTAB、Co(NO3)2·6H20、Zn(NO3)2·6H20、KNO3、乙二醇依次分散于溶剂中,并转移至高压水热反应釜,反应结束,获得Co掺杂ZnO催化剂。
在上述技术方案的基础上,本发明还可以做如下改进。
进一步,高压水热反应釜中水热反应温度为160±20℃,反应时间为36±12h。
进一步,反应结束,对所得固体产物进行洗涤、真空干燥,即可获得Co掺杂ZnO催化剂。
进一步,真空干燥的温度为70±10℃,压力为0.09±0.01Mpa。
进一步,CTAB的质量为200mg,Co(NO3)2·6H20与Zn(NO3)2·6H20的质量比例为2:1,KNO3的质量为200mg,乙二醇的体积为30mL。
进一步,溶剂为水,其体积为10ml。
进一步,Co掺杂ZnO催化剂为超薄二维纳米材料,其纳米片厚度为3nm~4nm。
一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,由所述制备方法所制得。
一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂在活化PMS降解有机物中的应用。
本发明的有益效益是:
1)采用一步水热法制备Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,制备方法具有操作简单、安全、成本低廉等优点;
2)采用CTAB和KNO3表面活性调制方法,可获得尺寸更小、孔径更小、比表面积更大的超薄二维纳米材料,其纳米片厚度可达3-4nm;
3)本发明所获得的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂催化活性高,可有效活化PMS降解有机物,其中,5min内对TC降解效率达到99.86%,在绿色催化领域具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂的XRD谱图,其特征峰可与ZnO标准卡片一一对应;
图2为本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂的扫描电子显微镜图SEM;
图3为本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂活化PMS降解TC与未活化的PMS、Co掺杂ZnO催化剂活化H2O2、ZnO催化剂活化PMS降解TC的效果对比图。
图4为不同投加量的本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂活化PMS降解TC的效果对比图。
图5为本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂活化PMS降解不同污染物的效果对比图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,通过如下方法制备得到:
1)将200mg CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)分散到10ml水中,得到混合溶液A;
2)在持续搅拌中将600mg的Co(NO3)2·6H20、300mg的Zn(NO3)2·6H20与200mg的KNO3固体依次加入到混合溶液A中,得到溶液B;
3)向溶液B中加30mL乙二醇,得到混合液C;
4)将混合溶液C转移至高压水热反应釜,160±20℃保持36±12h后,优选140℃保持36h,自然冷却,将所得固体多次洗涤,真空干燥,温度为70±10℃,优选为60℃,压力为0.09±0.01Mpa,优选为0.09Mpa,得到超薄Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,记作Co-ZnO催化剂。
图2为本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂的扫描电子显微镜图SEM,可看出其纳米片状结构。
应用例
将本实施例制备得到的Co-ZnO催化剂用于活化PMS降解100mg/L的四环素(TC)溶液,无需外加光源电源,加入本实施例活化后,TC 5min内降解效率达到99.86%,是未经本实施例活化的PMS降解效率的9.7倍,如图3,与采用ZnO活化PMS降解TC,5min内降解效率14.41%相比,高出将近6倍,如图4,与活化H2O2降解TC,5min内降解效率3.81%相比,增加了25.2倍,如图5。
实施例2
一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,通过如下方法制备得到:
1)将200mg CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)分散到10ml水中,得到混合溶液A;
2)在持续搅拌中将600mg的Co(NO3)2·6H20、300mg的Zn(NO3)2·6H20与200mg的KNO3固体依次加入到混合溶液A中,得到溶液B;
3)向溶液B中加30mL乙二醇,得到混合液C;
4)将混合溶液C转移至高压水热反应釜,160±20℃保持36±12h后,优选140℃保持36h,自然冷却,将所得固体多次洗涤,真空干燥,温度为70±10℃,优选为60℃,压力为0.09±0.01Mpa,优选为0.09Mpa,得到超薄Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,记作Co-ZnO催化剂。
应用例
将本实施例制备得到的Co-ZnO催化剂用于活化PMS降解100mg/L的四环素(TC)溶液,无需外加光源电源,采用不同剂量本实施例所得催化剂对PMS活化后降解TC在催化剂投加量为0.05g/L时可满足经济效益和效果最佳,如图4。
实施例3
一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,通过如下方法制备得到:
1)将200mg CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)分散到10ml水中,得到混合溶液A;
2)在持续搅拌中将600mg的Co(NO3)2·6H20、300mg的Zn(NO3)2·6H20与200mg的KNO3固体依次加入到混合溶液A中,得到溶液B;
3)向溶液B中加30mL乙二醇,得到混合液C;
4)将混合溶液C转移至高压水热反应釜,160±20℃保持36±12h后,优选140℃保持36h,自然冷却,将所得固体多次洗涤,真空干燥,温度为70±10℃,优选为60℃,压力为0.09±0.01Mpa,优选为0.09Mpa,得到超薄Co掺杂ZnO催化剂,记作Co-ZnO催化剂。
应用例
将本实施例制备得到的Co-ZnO催化剂用于活化PMS降解50mg/L的罗丹明B(RhB)溶液、环丙沙星(CIP)溶液、亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液、四环素(TC)溶液,无需外加光源电源。采用本实施例所得催化剂对PMS活化后降解不同种类污染物时,均可在10min内达到75%以上的降解效率,如图5。
图1为本发明制备的Co掺杂ZnO催化剂的XRD谱图,其特征峰可与ZnO标准卡片一一对应。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (6)
1.一种Co掺杂ZnO催化剂的应用,其特征在于,Co掺杂ZnO催化剂应用于活化PMS降解有机物,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
将CTAB、Co(NO3)2•6H20、Zn(NO3)2•6H20、KNO3、乙二醇依次分散于溶剂中,并转移至高压水热反应釜,反应结束,获得Co掺杂ZnO催化剂;
Co掺杂ZnO催化剂为超薄二维纳米材料,其纳米片厚度为3nm~4nm。
2.根据权利要求1所述应用,其特征在于:高压水热反应釜中水热反应温度为160±20℃,反应时间为36±12h。
3.根据权利要求1所述应用,其特征在于:反应结束,对所得固体产物进行洗涤、真空干燥,即可获得Co掺杂ZnO催化剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述应用,其特征在于:真空干燥的温度为70±10℃,压力为0.09±0.01 Mpa。
5.根据权利要求1所述应用,其特征在于:CTAB的质量为200mg,Co(NO3)2•6H20与Zn(NO3)2•6H20的质量比例为2:1,KNO3的质量为200mg,乙二醇的体积为30mL。
6.根据权利要求5所述应用,其特征在于:溶剂为水,其体积为10mL。
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