CN113973709A - Method for creating high-yield multi-resistance maize inbred line suitable for 33-degree northern latitude areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for creating a high-yield multi-resistance corn inbred line suitable for 33 degrees northern latitude areas, which comprises the following steps: (1) respectively hybridizing the local eurytopic germplasm serving as a base with the European and American dense-tolerant high-yield germplasm and the tropical stress-resistant background germplasm to obtain 2 groups of F1 hybridized fruit ears; (2) 2 groups of F1 hybrid ears are mixed and hybridized with 200 ears, 100 ears which accord with target characters are selected and mixed to form double-cross F1 seeds; (3) selecting 200 double-cross F1 seeds to be hybridized with the native germplasm to obtain hybrid seeds, and constructing S0 seeds; (4) carrying out mixed planting on the S0 seeds to construct an S0 population, and selecting selfing according to a character target; (5) and 4, preferably selecting the obtained selfing clusters in the step 4, planting the clusters, performing 9-generation selfing purification and alternate generation combining ability determination selection according to a pedigree method, preferably selecting the clusters with stable properties, and threshing to obtain the high-yield widely-applicable multi-resistance maize selfing line material with high quality germplasm, European and American gathering, high density resistance and high yield and tropical stress resistance germplasm polymerization.

Description

Method for creating high-yield multi-resistance maize inbred line suitable for 33-degree northern latitude areas

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to a method for creating a high-yield multi-resistance corn inbred line suitable for 33 degrees northern latitude areas, belonging to the technical field of new agricultural variety breeding.

Background art:

the region with 33 degrees north latitude is the region with the largest potential of grain production in China, and is distributed in 5 provinces of Su, Wan, Yu, Hubei and Chuan. The major corn production area of Anhui province belongs to the 33-degree northern latitude area, the perennial planting area is 1500 ten thousand mu, the average yield per unit is 400 kg/mu, and the major corn production area occupies an important position in grain production. The nation proposes the strategy of storing grains in the ground and storing grains in the technology, the centralized trend of the main grain producing area is further strengthened, and the pressure of the production capacity is enhanced. The main production area of the corns in Anhui province has the complex ecological characteristics of north-south transition zones, abundant rainfall, uneven spatial-temporal distribution, waterlogging in the seedling stage of the corns and drought (high temperature) in the ear stage, and becomes a key bottleneck factor for restricting the high and stable yield of the corns. On the other hand, the maize in the region has high temperature in the filling and mature period and much rainfall, is easy to generate various diseases of leaf parts, root parts and spike parts, and lacks corresponding resistance, thereby producing high-yield and stable-yield maize varieties.

An important factor for ensuring grain yield is the seeds. The contribution rate of the improved variety to grain production in China is 45 percent and is far lower than 60 percent of the yield rate in the United states, which shows that the contribution rate of the improved variety to agricultural production also has great promotion and investment space. Aiming at the characteristics of high temperature, high humidity and easy occurrence of diseases in the late growth stage of the production and the breeding of the corns in Anhui province, the corn varieties with single germplasm source can not adapt to the current environmental change. Based on the fact that the corn is more and more important in the food production in China, the breeding of new corn varieties with rich germplasm backgrounds and wide adaptability is more and more important.

The germplasm of Europe and America has the characteristics of density resistance and high yield, the maize germplasm of tropical region has the advantages of green keeping, high temperature resistance, high humidity resistance and strong stress resistance, and the method is a necessary way for breeding maize varieties suitable for local planting by using the Europe and America density resistance high-yield maize germplasm and the tropical stress resistance germplasm to improve the native maize germplasm on the basis of the native germplasm.

In order to increase the contribution rate of improved varieties to the grain yield and guarantee the national grain safety, high-yield multi-resistance germplasm suitable for local breeding is urgently needed to be bred.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for breeding a high-yield multi-resistance maize inbred line suitable for a northern latitude 33 degree region.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a method for creating a high-yield multi-resistance corn inbred line suitable for 33 degrees northern latitude areas comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively hybridizing the local eurytopic germplasm serving as a base with the European and American dense-tolerant high-yield germplasm and the tropical stress-resistant background germplasm to obtain 2 groups of F1 hybridized fruit ears;

(2) taking the 2 groups of F1 hybrid ears as parent parents, performing mixed powder hybridization on 200 ears, and selecting 100 ears which accord with target characters to be mixed to form a double-cross F1 seed;

(3) hybridizing the double-cross F1 seeds with native germplasm to obtain hybrid seeds, and constructing S0 seeds;

(4) carrying out mixed planting on the S0 seeds to construct an S0 population, and carrying out inbreeding on 400 plants according to trait target plants to obtain inbred clusters;

(5) and 4, preferably selecting the obtained selfing fruit cluster in the step 4, planting the selfing fruit cluster in a cluster row, performing 9-generation selfing purification and alternate generation combining ability determination selection according to a pedigree method, preferably selecting the stable-property cluster row, and performing mixed threshing to obtain the high-yield widely-applicable multi-resistance maize selfing line material with excellent native germplasm, European and American airtight high yield and tropical stress-resistant germplasm.

Preferably, further:

the local eurytopic germplasm in the step (1) refers to local germplasm or improved germplasm which is widely applied to production practice test for a long time in a local area; europe and America have high density and yield tolerance, and refer to germplasm directly introduced or partially improved, and the high yield, adaptability and anti-grain-rot character of the germplasm are improved.

Preferably, further:

the Europe and America dense-resistant high-yield germplasm refers to Reid group, the tropical stress-resistant germplasm refers to Tuxpeno group, and the partially improved germplasm refers to Zheng 58, HuangC or Chang 7-2.

Compared with the prior breeding technique of common maize inbred lines, the maize inbred line bred by the invention has the following advantages:

1. the inbred line breeding method is based on the background material of the native long-term planted variety, reserves the eurytopic characteristic of the native germplasm, and introduces European and American dense-tolerant high-yield germplasm and tropical green-keeping stain-resistant high-temperature-resistant spike grain rot-resistant genes. Carrying out alternate generation testing and matching from the generation S1, identifying a test cross combination by adopting a multipoint and multi-ecological area, comprehensively analyzing the stress resistance and the yield of the test cross combination, and screening excellent parent panicles with high general matching force, high self-yield and strong stress resistance.

2. The bred maize inbred line has the excellent genes of the compact high-yield germplasm in European and American areas and the green-keeping, stain-resistant, high-temperature-resistant and ear-grain-rot-resistant germplasm in tropical areas, particularly widens the germplasm foundation of maize in China in the aspects of high yield and resistance breeding, and provides a valuable basic material for maize breeding.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b): the specific steps of breeding the common corn inbred line into high-yield multi-resistance corn inbred lines such as Wanyi 8109 and Wanyi 8108 are as follows:

using yellow 162, yellow 330/O₂Tuxpeno, Bao 502 and H21 inbred lines are basic materials, European and American high-density-resistant high-yield genes and tropical stress-resistant genes of a plurality of excellent inbred lines are expanded and accumulated on the basis of local germplasm, and A05229 progeny materials are bred.

The hybrid ears are obtained by taking the Chang 7-2 as the female parent and the maize inbred line A05229 to be improved as the male parent, and then the single ears are threshed.

Further, the multi-generation selfing comprises the following steps:

and (3) performing continuous plant selection and selfing on the selected single ears by adopting a pedigree breeding method, and selecting plants with high yield, strong resistance and good comprehensive characters for selfing and homozygosis in each generation.

S1 generation of material ear row planting, selecting excellent selfing, and applying fluid tongue 478 as test seed for test cross;

s2 generation of material ear row planting, selecting excellent selfing, simultaneously carrying out test cross combination identification of the previous generation and selecting ear row according to the identification result;

planting the material ear rows of the S3 generation, selecting excellent selfing, and simultaneously applying Zheng 58 as a test seed for test cross;

s4 generation of material ear row planting, selecting excellent selfing, simultaneously carrying out test cross combination identification of the previous generation and selecting ear row according to the identification result;

planting the material ear rows of the S5 generation, selecting excellent selfing, and simultaneously applying Zheng L239 as a test seed for test cross;

s6 generation of material ear row planting, selecting excellent selfing, simultaneously carrying out test cross combination identification of the previous generation and selecting ear row according to the identification result;

planting the material ear rows of the S7 generation, selecting excellent selfing, and simultaneously applying Zheng L239 as a test seed for test cross;

s8 generation of material ear row planting, selecting excellent selfing, simultaneously carrying out test cross combination identification of the previous generation and selecting ear row according to the identification result;

the strains obtained through the steps can be used as the maize inbred lines Wanyi 8109 and Wanyi 8108.

The maize inbred line Wanyi 8109 bred by the invention has the following agronomic and biological characteristics:

the growth period is about 100 days. First lobe tip shape: the plant shape is round to spoon-shaped, the plant shape is semi-compact, the leaves are uprushed, the total number of the leaves is 18-19, the plant height is about 160 cm, the spike position is on the middle, the upper leaves are upright, and the leaves are green; in tassel branches, anthers are orange, filaments are green, the ears are barrel-shaped, the spike stems are white, the number of the ear rows is 16-18, the ear length is about 16cm, the grain shape is dent-shaped, and the grain color is pure yellow.

The bred maize inbred line Wanqi 8109 (Wanqi 8108) has the following beneficial effects:

the comprehensive resistance is good: high temperature and waterlogging resistance, stem rot resistance, small spot disease resistance, southern rust resistance and grain rot resistance, and is superior to the control germplasm pellet 340 and the control germplasm heald 31 in the resistance aspect.

The combining ability is good: the corn composite has good general combining ability and high special combining ability, and a plurality of excellent corn combinations are combined by utilizing Wan from 8109. Wherein the Dingyu 928, Hua' an Yu 2, Quanyu 2000, Yanyu 601/Yanyu 604 and Lu Yu 9105 have been approved by the main crop varieties of Anhui province. The cottage jade 818 was used in the corn district test production test of Anhui province, and the cottage jade 828 was used in the regional test of Anhui province in 2021. Lu Yu 928, Lu Yu 938 and Lu Yu 988 were used in the Anhui province variety comparison test of 2021.

In 2021, the average yield per mu of the test in 2017 by Hua' an jade No. 2 approved by main crop varieties in Anhui province is 641.06 kg, and the yield is increased by 10.84 percent (extremely significant) compared with that of a control variety; the average yield per mu of the test in the area of 2018 is 525.2 kg, and the yield is increased by 4.14 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety. The average yield per mu of the production test in 2019 is 659.8 kg, and the yield is increased by 4.37 percent compared with that of a control variety.

The average yield per mu of Quanyu 2000 in 2018 zone tests is 538.5 kg, and the yield is increased by 7.29 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety; the average yield per mu of the test in the area of 2019 is 611.2 kg, and the yield is increased by 3.16 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety. In 2020, the average yield per mu of the production test is 563.43 kg, which is increased by 7.65% compared with the control variety.

The average yield per mu of the tobacco jade 601 tested in the area of 2018 is 508.5 kg, and the yield is increased by 8.26 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety; the average yield per mu of the test in the area of 2019 is 708.2 kg, and the yield is increased by 7.94 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety. In 2020, the average yield per mu of the production test is 548.5 kg, which is increased by 9.90 percent compared with the control variety.

The average yield per mu of the tobacco jade 604 and the 2018 regional test is 510.9 kilograms, and the yield is increased by 4.14 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety; the average yield per mu of the test in the area of 2019 is 713.6 kg, and the yield is increased by 7.27 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with that of a control variety. In 2020, the average yield per mu of the production test is 542.1 kg, which is increased by 8.61% compared with the control variety.

In the test of the Dingyu 928 in 2017, the average yield per mu of 696.5 kg is extremely obvious in 10.89% compared with the increase of the Zhengdan 958. The two-year regional test shows that 15 times and 13 times increase the yield, the yield increase reaches 86.67 percent, and the average yield is increased by 8.60 percent compared with the Zhengdan 958. The average yield per mu of the production test in 2018 is 494.6 kg, which is increased by 7.41% compared with the control Zhengdan 958.

Luyu 9105, 635.8 kg per mu yield in 2012 area test, 4.66% higher (more significant) than the control variety; the yield per mu of the test in the area of 2013 is 575.2 kilograms, which is increased by 11.71 percent (extremely remarkable) compared with the control variety. The yield per mu of the production test in 2014 is 610.10 kg, and is increased by 7.28 percent compared with that of a control variety.

The results of the resistance test of the pooled hybrids are shown in Table 1

TABLE 1

The quality test results of the matched hybrid are shown in Table 2

TABLE 2

It should be noted that the detailed description of the invention is not included in the prior art, or can be directly obtained from the market, and the detailed connection mode can be widely applied in the field or daily life without creative efforts, and the detailed description is not repeated here.

Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for creating a high-yield multi-resistance corn inbred line suitable for 33 degrees northern latitude areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) respectively hybridizing the local eurytopic germplasm serving as a base with the European and American dense-tolerant high-yield germplasm and the tropical stress-resistant background germplasm to obtain 2 groups of F1 hybridized fruit ears;

(2) taking the 2 groups of F1 hybrid ears as parent parents, performing mixed powder hybridization on 200 ears, and selecting 100 ears which accord with target characters to be mixed to form a double-cross F1 seed;

(3) hybridizing the double-cross F1 seeds with native germplasm to obtain hybrid seeds, and constructing S0 seeds;

(4) carrying out mixed planting on the S0 seeds to construct an S0 population, and carrying out inbreeding on 400 plants according to trait target plants to obtain inbred clusters;

(5) and 4, preferably selecting the obtained selfing fruit cluster in the step 4, planting the selfing fruit cluster in a cluster row, performing 9-generation selfing purification and alternate generation combining ability determination selection according to a pedigree method, preferably selecting the stable-property cluster row, and performing mixed threshing to obtain the high-yield widely-applicable multi-resistance maize selfing line material with excellent native germplasm, European and American airtight high yield and tropical stress-resistant germplasm.

2. The method for creating the high-yield multi-resistance maize inbred line suitable for the 33 degrees northern latitude area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:

the local eurytopic germplasm in the step (1) refers to local germplasm or improved germplasm which is widely applied to production practice test for a long time in a local area; europe and America have high density and yield tolerance, and refer to germplasm directly introduced or partially improved, and the high yield, adaptability and anti-grain-rot character of the germplasm are improved.

3. The method for creating the high-yield multi-resistance maize inbred line suitable for the 33 degrees northern latitude area according to claim 2, which is characterized in that:

the Europe and America dense-resistant high-yield germplasm refers to Reid group, the tropical stress-resistant germplasm refers to Tuxpeno group, and the partially improved germplasm refers to Zheng 58, HuangC or Chang 7-2.