CN111357645A - Method for breeding inbred line of dwarf corn - Google Patents
Method for breeding inbred line of dwarf corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN111357645A CN111357645A CN202010395389.XA CN202010395389A CN111357645A CN 111357645 A CN111357645 A CN 111357645A CN 202010395389 A CN202010395389 A CN 202010395389A CN 111357645 A CN111357645 A CN 111357645A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding a dwarf maize inbred line, belonging to the technical field of breeding of new agricultural varieties. The method for breeding the short-stalk maize inbred line of the invention uses the short-stalk maize variant plant as a male parent, uses a common maize inbred line to be improved as a female parent, obtains hybrid ears by hybridization, and gradually breeds the maize material with short stalk and strong lodging resistance through the processes of inbreeding, testing and matching and the like. The invention improves and breeds the common corn by utilizing the characteristics of high and short plant, good disease resistance and strong tightness resistance of the corn variant plant, not only keeps the characteristics of high yield, good disease resistance and wide adaptability of the common corn, but also reduces the plant height and lodging resistance of the common corn, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding of new agricultural varieties, and particularly relates to a method for breeding a dwarf maize inbred line.
Background
Corn is one of the main grain crops in China, and a corn area planted in summer in Huang-Huai-Hai is one of the corn planting areas in China. The perennial corn sowing area in the region is about 1.8 hundred million acres, the corn sowing area accounts for 32.7 percent of the corn area in China, the total yield is about 7000 million tons, and the corn sowing area is an important corn dominant production area in China. In the area, disasters frequently occur, and the problems of corn lodging and planting density are the main problems in corn production. On one hand, the soil temperature is high, the root system development is relatively weak, the activity of the corn root system is lost relatively fast, and the lodging is easy to happen. On the other hand, in windy weather, lodging is easily caused. On the other hand, the planting density is low, and the yield is restricted to be improved.
The increase of the per unit yield and the total yield of the corn in China depends on the continuous improvement of the breeding level of the corn to a great extent. Among many yield-increasing factors, the contribution rate of new corn varieties reaches 40%. Based on the fact that the position of corn in food production in China is more and more important, the breeding of new corn varieties is more and more important.
In conclusion, with the acceleration of the urbanization process and the transformation of the life style of people, high-quality corn varieties with high plant height, good disease resistance and strong tightness resistance are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for breeding a short-stalk maize inbred line, and the method improves and breeds common maize by utilizing the characteristics of high and short plant length, good disease resistance and strong tightness resistance of maize variant plants, not only keeps the characteristics of high yield, good disease resistance and wide adaptability of the common maize, but also reduces the plant height and lodging resistance of the common maize, and has wide application prospect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for breeding a dwarf maize inbred line comprises the following steps:
(1) hybridizing the short-stalk corn variant serving as a male parent and a common corn selfing line to be improved serving as a female parent to obtain hybrid ears;
(2) the grains of the hybrid ears are mixed, planted and selfed to obtain selfed ears, and single ears with large ears and good fructification are selected and left for threshing;
(3) planting the selected fruit cluster grains, continuously selfing, selecting plants with plant height not higher than 150cm, good disease resistance and vigorous plant growth to obtain selfed fruit clusters, and threshing the single clusters;
(4) after the selected ear grains are planted according to ear row grains, a part of plants are used for selfing after single-grain planting, the rest plants are measured and matched by adopting a bone dry line, corn ears with highest combining ability and no more than 150cm of plants are selected, and single ears are threshed;
(5) repeating the step (4), performing selfing and testing and matching twice, selecting corn ears with highest combining ability, plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance, and threshing single ears;
(6) bagging and selfing all the single plants after the single-seed planting of the selected fruit cluster grains, selecting the short fruit cluster with good disease resistance, and threshing the single cluster;
(7) and (4) planting the ears selected and remained in the step (6) into ear rows, bagging and selfing all the single plants, selecting the ears with short plant height and good disease resistance, and threshing to obtain the common short-stalk corn material.
Based on the scheme, the short-stalk corn variant strain in the step 1) can be a common corn mutant or other corn mutants.
On the basis of the scheme, the common corn resource to be improved in the step 1) is a common corn inbred line or hybrid with higher plant height and better resistance.
The invention improves the common corn resource by using the dwarf corn mutant, reduces the plant height of the common corn plant and improves the lodging resistance of the corn.
Compared with the prior breeding technology of the common maize inbred line, the common maize inbred line bred by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the plant height of the common maize inbred line is reduced: the characteristics of the short-stalk maize variant plant height are transferred into the common maize, so that the cultivated common maize inbred line plant height is short.
2. The lodging resistance of the common corn improved by the dwarf corn variant is improved: the selected dwarf maize variant is hybridized with the common maize to be improved, so that the lodging resistance of the cultivated common maize inbred line is obviously enhanced, and the rest agronomic characters are not changed.
3. The genetic basis of the common corn is widened: the method breaks through the technical bottleneck of improving the common corn mutant, transfers the genetic basis of the dwarf corn mutant into the common corn, enriches the types of the common corn and lays a foundation for cultivating the dwarf lodging-resistant common corn.
Detailed Description
Terms used in the present invention have generally meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following data in conjunction with specific examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1
The method comprises the following specific steps of breeding a common maize inbred line into a maize inbred line with short stalk and strong lodging resistance:
the first step, in 5-9 months in 2010, hybridizing near-Yiyu with a variant strain BS1089 (Reid improved population) as a male parent and a common corn inbred line TT1012 (selected from Zheng 58 × PH6WC) to be improved as a female parent to obtain a hybrid ear, and threshing single ear.
The second step is that: and (3) planting the hybrid ears in 2010-2011, continuously selfing to obtain selfed ears, threshing the single ears, and threshing the ears with large ears and good bearing performance.
The third step: and in 2011, in 5-9 months, planting 50 selected grains in near-Yi, continuously selfing, selecting and reserving a corn plant with the plant height of not higher than 150cm, good disease resistance and vigorous growth, obtaining selfed clusters, and threshing single clusters.
The fourth step: in 2011, 10 months to 2012, 3 months, and planting 40 seeds in the Hainan according to clusters, wherein 20 seeds are used for selfing; in addition, 20 corn plants are tested for combining ability by using the existing corn skeleton line, and corn plants with high combining ability, plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance are selected and retained, and single ear threshing is carried out.
The fifth step: and 5 months to 2013 months in 2012, performing two selfings and test blending in near-Yi and Hainan, selecting the corn ears with highest combining ability and short plant height, and threshing the single ear.
And a sixth step: and 5, 2013, 5-2013, 9, planting 100 clusters according to the clusters, bagging all the single plants for selfing after single-seed planting, selecting the clusters with the plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance, and threshing the single clusters.
The seventh step: and (3) in 2013, 10-2014, planting the ears selected in the step (6) into 50 rows of ears, bagging and selfing all the single plants, selecting the plants with the plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance, threshing the single ears, and threshing to obtain the common corn material TT 201403096.
Example 2
The method comprises the following specific steps of breeding a common maize inbred line into a maize inbred line with short stalk and strong lodging resistance:
the first step is as follows: in 5-9 months of 2010, the waxy corn variant NBS210 serving as a male parent (W592) and the common corn Tiantai 16 to be improved (Pc67/PcH45) serving as a female parent are hybridized to obtain a hybrid cluster, and the single cluster is threshed.
The second step is that: and (3) planting the hybrid ears in 2010-2011, continuously selfing to obtain selfed ears, threshing the single ears, and threshing the ears with large ears and good bearing performance.
The third step: and in 2011, in 5-9 months, planting 50 selected grains in Hainan, continuously selfing, selecting and reserving a corn plant with the plant height of not higher than 150cm, good disease resistance and vigorous growth, obtaining selfed fruit clusters, and threshing single ears.
The fourth step: in 2011, 10 months to 2012, 3 months, and growing 40 seeds in ears according to ears from the selected grains at near-Yiyi, wherein 20 seeds are used for selfing; in addition, 20 corn plants are tested for combining ability by using the existing corn skeleton line, and corn plants with high combining ability, plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance are selected and retained, and single ear threshing is carried out.
The fifth step: selfing and testing for two times in the near-Yiyi and Hainan in 2012, 5-9 months in 2012, 10-3 months in 2012, and 3 months in 2013, selecting the corn ears with highest combining ability and short plant height, and threshing the single ear.
And a sixth step: and 5, 2013, 5-2013, 9, planting 100 clusters according to the clusters, bagging all the single plants for selfing after single-seed planting, selecting the clusters with plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance, and threshing the single clusters.
The seventh step: and (3) in 2013, 10-2014, planting 50 clusters of the clusters selected in the step (6), bagging and selfing all the single plants, selecting plants with plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance, threshing the single clusters, and threshing to obtain the common corn material TT 201403182.
Example 3
Breeding method for new variety of common corn
The first step is as follows: in 5-9 months of 2014, 250 common corn inbred lines TT201403096 and TT201403182 are planted in the near-Yi, 200 corn hybrid combinations are combined with 100 common corn inbred lines with different sources, 5 ears are hybridized in each hybrid combination, and each hybrid combination is threshed and numbered independently;
the second step is that: through identification and comparison, three hybridization combinations of TTZH2016097(TT201403096/TF350), TTZH2016105(TT 03096/blue seed) and TTZH2016182(TT 201403182/blue seed) are excellent in performance, and main characteristic characteristics are as follows:
TTZH2016097 leaf sheath is purple, plant type is compact, average plant height is 180cm, ear position is 76cm, anther is green, filament is light purple, and stalk void rate is 1.1%. The average ear length is 18.3cm, the ear thickness is 4.9cm, the bald tip is 0.5cm, the ear row number is 16.7, the row grain number is 35.4, and the hundred grain weight is 33.5 g. Barrel type, red axis, half hard, yellow kernel.
TTZH2016105 leaf sheath is purple, plant type is compact, average plant height is 180cm, ear position is 87cm, anther is light purple, filament is light purple, and stalk void rate is 0.3%. The average ear length is 18.3cm, the ear thickness is 4.9cm, the bald tip is 0.3cm, the ear row number is 16.2, the row grain number is 34.1, and the hundred grain weight is 33.8 g. Cone type, white axis, hard grain, yellow.
TTZH2016182 leaf sheath is dark purple, plant type is semi-compact, average plant height is 188cm, ear position is 74cm, anther is light purple, filament is light purple, and stalk void rate is 1.5%. The average ear length is 18.0cm, the ear thickness is 4.9cm, the bald tip is 0.4cm, the ear row number is 16.5, the row grain number is 35.4, and the hundred grain weight is 32.5 g. Cone type, red axis, semi-hard, yellow.
The breeding period of the bred maize inbred line TT201403096 is about 90 days, the plant type is semi-compact, the plant height is 138cm, the ear position is 71cm, the sheath of the seedling is light purple, the adult stem and leaf are green, the filament is purple, the white axis of the fruit cluster and the kernel are yellow and hard. The ear length is 15 cm, the ear thickness is 4cm, and the ear row number is 16 rows.
The maize inbred line TT201403182 has a growth period of about 90 days, semi-compact plant type, plant height of 143cm, ear height of 80cm, light purple sheath of seedling leaves, light green stem leaves of adult plants, green filaments, green anthers, red axes of clusters, yellow and hard grains. The ear length is 13cm, the ear thickness is 4cm, and the ear row number is 16-18 rows.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for breeding a dwarf maize inbred line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hybridizing the short-stalk corn variant serving as a male parent and a common corn selfing line to be improved serving as a female parent to obtain hybrid ears;
(2) the grains of the hybrid ears are mixed, planted and selfed to obtain selfed ears, and single ears with large ears and good fructification are selected and left for threshing;
(3) planting the seeds of the selected selfed ears, continuing selfing, selecting plants with plant height not higher than 150cm, good disease resistance and vigorous plant growth to obtain selfed ears, and threshing the single ears;
(4) after the selected ear grains are planted according to ear row grains, a part of plants are used for selfing after single-grain planting, the rest plants are measured and matched by adopting a bone dry line, corn ears with highest combining ability and no more than 150cm of plants are selected, and single ears are threshed;
(5) repeating the step (4), performing selfing and testing and matching twice, selecting corn ears with highest combining ability, plant height not higher than 150cm and good disease resistance, and threshing single ears;
(6) bagging and selfing all the single plants after the single-seed planting of the selected fruit cluster grains, selecting the short fruit cluster with good disease resistance, and threshing the single cluster;
(7) and (4) planting the ears selected and remained in the step (6) into ear rows, bagging and selfing all the single plants, selecting the ears with short plant height and good disease resistance, and threshing to obtain the common short-stalk corn material.
2. The method for breeding the dwarf maize inbred line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the dwarf maize variant strain in the step 1) can be a common maize mutant or other maize mutants.
3. The method for breeding the dwarf maize inbred line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the common corn resource to be improved in the step 1) is a common corn inbred line or hybrid with higher plant height and better resistance.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111837940A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 湖北康农种业股份有限公司 | Method for producing seeds of corn plant holomorphic single cross hybrid |
| CN113615570A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-09 | 山东中农天泰种业有限公司 | Method for breeding maize inbred line resistant to ear rot |
| CN116602204A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-08-18 | 新乡市农业科学院 | Method for rapid breeding of excellent maize inbred line and hybrid |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111837940A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 湖北康农种业股份有限公司 | Method for producing seeds of corn plant holomorphic single cross hybrid |
| CN111837940B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-03-08 | 湖北康农种业股份有限公司 | Method for producing seeds of corn plant holomorphic single cross hybrid |
| CN113615570A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-09 | 山东中农天泰种业有限公司 | Method for breeding maize inbred line resistant to ear rot |
| CN116602204A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-08-18 | 新乡市农业科学院 | Method for rapid breeding of excellent maize inbred line and hybrid |
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Application publication date: 20200703 |