CN113970544A - Method and device for manufacturing plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip - Google Patents
Method and device for manufacturing plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip Download PDFInfo
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- CN113970544A CN113970544A CN202111230484.5A CN202111230484A CN113970544A CN 113970544 A CN113970544 A CN 113970544A CN 202111230484 A CN202111230484 A CN 202111230484A CN 113970544 A CN113970544 A CN 113970544A
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- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000006053 Garcinia mangostana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017048 Garcinia mangostana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007270 Gaultheria hispida Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009134 Myrica cerifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000269152 Myrica pensylvanica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012851 Myrica pensylvanica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000141353 Prunus domestica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
- C07H1/08—Separation; Purification from natural products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H17/00—Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H17/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
- C07H17/06—Benzopyran radicals
- C07H17/065—Benzo[b]pyrans
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B61/00—Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources, e.g. vegetable sources
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0096—Purification; Precipitation; Filtration
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for manufacturing a botanical anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural product identification. The manufacturing method of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip realizes the manufacturing of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip by selecting materials, drying and crushing, extracting, promoting extraction, filtering and preparing filtrate, manufacturing the indicator strip, packaging and storing, has simple process steps, convenient operation, more time and labor saving, effectively improves the extraction efficiency, simultaneously realizes the full-automatic extraction of anthocyanin and the automatic manufacturing of the indicator strip by arranging the vacuum freezing device, the crushing device, the mixing device, the pressurizing device, the filtering device, the dripping device, the drying device and the packaging device on the rack, reduces the manual intervention, lightens the processing burden, effectively reduces the labor cost, and is more beneficial to the use and popularization of the anthocyanin indicator strip.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product identification, in particular to a method and a device for manufacturing a plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip.
Background
With the improvement of living standards of people and the importance of people on life and health, the requirement on food safety is higher and higher, so that the timely acquisition of the safety and quality states of food becomes the key point of attention of people, and anthocyanin as a natural indicator can be used for detecting visual freshness due to the chemical property of color change under the influence of environmental factors (including pH value, oxygen concentration, enzyme, metal ions, temperature, illumination and the like), and has great application prospect. At present, related research reports exist in the field of rapid detection of food for anthocyanin, but the method for extracting anthocyanin from natural plants to prepare the indicator strip has the problems of complex process steps, time and labor waste, low efficiency, incomplete extraction and waste, and in addition, most of the process steps of the existing method for extracting anthocyanin to prepare the indicator strip still need manual participation, so that the labor cost is increased, and the use and popularization of the anthocyanin indicator strip are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the manufacturing method and the device of the plant-source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip, which effectively simplify the process steps, are convenient to operate, save time and labor, improve the extraction efficiency, simultaneously can more thoroughly extract anthocyanin in relevant plants, avoid the problem of resource waste, can realize full-automatic extraction, and reduce the manual participation rate, thereby reducing the labor cost and being beneficial to the use and popularization of the anthocyanin indicator strip.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a manufacturing method of a plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip comprises the following steps:
step S1, selecting materials;
selecting pericarp, pomace and fruit shell rich in anthocyanin as extraction raw materials;
step S2, drying and crushing;
vacuum freeze-drying the extracted raw material selected in step S1 to form a dried raw material, and pulverizing the obtained dried raw material to obtain a powdered raw material;
step S3, extracting;
selecting an organic solvent, and adding the powder raw material obtained in the step S2 into the organic solvent to fully dissolve the powder raw material into the organic solvent to obtain an extraction solution;
step S4, prompt extraction;
putting the obtained extraction solution into a pressurizing device for pressurizing treatment;
step S5, filtering and preparing filtrate;
filtering the extraction solution subjected to the pressurization treatment in the step S4, and collecting the obtained filtrate for later use;
step S6, manufacturing an indication strip;
selecting a blank indication strip, sucking the filtrate collected for later use in the step S5, dripping the filtrate on the blank indication strip, and drying to obtain a finished product indication strip;
step S7, packaging and storing;
and (5) carrying out vacuum packaging on the finished product indicator strip obtained in the step S6, and collecting and storing.
In the manufacturing method of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip, the raw materials extracted in the step S1 are waxberry, prune, blueberry and mangosteen.
In the manufacturing method of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator stick, the organic solvent in step S3 is ethanol.
In the above method for manufacturing the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip, in step S4, when the extraction solution is added into the pressurizing device, the extraction solution needs to be filled into a high-pressure special bag, and the bag needs to be sealed after excess air is extracted.
The method for manufacturing the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip comprises the steps of step S4, wherein the step S4 is a step-type pressurization, the step S is firstly to quickly pressurize to 210MPa at 180 ℃, and pressure is maintained for 3min and then quickly decompressed, then the step S is to quickly pressurize to 235MPa at 210 ℃, and pressure is maintained for 2min and then quickly decompressed, then the step S is to quickly pressurize to 265MPa at 235 ℃ and quickly decompressed after pressure is maintained for 2min, and finally the step S is to quickly pressurize to 265MPa 285 ℃ again and pressure is maintained for 1min, and in addition, 30-45S of waiting is needed after each decompression and before re-pressurization.
In the manufacturing method of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator stick, the pressure treatment process in the step S4 is performed in the environment with the temperature of 20-40 ℃.
The manufacturing device of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip is suitable for the manufacturing method of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a frame having a work deck;
the vacuum refrigerating device comprises a rotary base and a refrigerating placement barrel, wherein the rotary base is rotatably arranged on one side of the working table plate, the refrigerating placement barrel can be arranged on the rotary base in a turnover mode, and the refrigerating placement barrel is provided with an inlet and an outlet of a cover plate with an air exhaust function;
the crushing device is provided with a crushing support, a cutting assembly, a crushing assembly and a powder returning assembly, the crushing support is arranged on the working table plate and is positioned on one side of the vacuum refrigerating device, meanwhile, the crushing support is provided with a crushing inner cavity with a raw material inlet and a powder outlet, the cutting assembly and the crushing assembly are sequentially arranged in the crushing inner cavity along the direction from the raw material inlet to the powder outlet, an inclined filter screen is arranged in the crushing inner cavity and at the powder outlet, meanwhile, a powder returning opening is also formed in the crushing inner cavity and at the lowest position of the filter screen, the powder returning assembly is arranged outside the crushing inner cavity and fixed on the crushing support, and the powder returning assembly is used for communicating the powder returning opening with the raw material inlet;
the mixing device is provided with a mixing barrel body, a stirrer and a solvent adding assembly, the mixing barrel body can be arranged on the working platform plate in a turnover mode and is positioned on one side, away from the vacuum refrigerating device, of the crushing device, the stirring device is arranged in the mixing barrel body, the solvent adding assembly is arranged on the working platform plate, and a pipeline is connected in the mixing barrel body;
the device comprises a pressure device, a pressure device and a pressure assembly, wherein the pressure device comprises a pressure box body, a high-pressure special bag and a pressure assembly, the pressure box body is arranged on a working table plate and is positioned on one side of the mixing device, which is far away from the crushing device, and the pressure box body is of a barrel body structure with an upper opening;
the filter device comprises a filter screen, a filter screen bracket and a collecting box, the filter screen bracket is arranged on the working table plate, the filter screen is arranged on the filter screen bracket, and the collecting box is arranged below the filter screen;
the dropping device comprises an extraction component and a dropping head, the extraction component is arranged on the working table plate, an extraction end pipeline of the extraction component is connected into the collection box, and the dropping head is arranged at an output end of the extraction component;
the drying device is provided with a drying box, a dryer and a drying conveyor belt, the drying box is arranged on the working table plate, the dryer is arranged in the drying box, the drying conveyor belt penetrates through the drying box and penetrates through the drying coverage range of the dryer, two ends of the drying conveyor belt extend out of the drying box, and one end of the drying conveyor belt extends to the position below the dripper;
the packaging device comprises a bag placing table board and a sealing vacuumizing machine, the other end of the drying conveyor belt extends to the position above the bag placing table board, and the sealing vacuumizing machine is arranged on one side of the bag placing table board and is used for vacuumizing and sealing the packaging bags on the bag placing table board.
The manufacturing device of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip comprises a cutting assembly, a crushing assembly and a control assembly, wherein the cutting assembly comprises at least two rolling shafts and a plurality of blades, the two rolling shafts are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the blades are respectively arranged on the two rolling shafts, the blades on each rolling shaft are distributed in an annular array, the blades on the two rolling shafts are distributed in a staggered manner, and meanwhile, the two rolling shafts can synchronously reciprocate along the axial direction of the two rolling shafts in the crushing inner cavity; the crushing assembly comprises two compression rollers which are arranged in parallel, the rotation directions of the two compression rollers are opposite, and at least one compression roller can move away from or close to the other compression roller in the crushing cavity; the powder returning component comprises a suction machine and a conveying pipeline, wherein the conveying pipeline is respectively connected to an inlet and a discharge port of the suction machine and is respectively communicated with a powder returning port and a raw material inlet.
Foretell manufacturing installation of plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator, wherein, the side that just is located to place the mouth on the upper seal cover is provided with the slide rail, the mouth is placed to the smooth closing or opening of locating of movable sealing plug on the slide rail and at the slip in-process, stretch into the one side of placing the special sack of intraoral high pressure and be fixed in on placing the mouth, the opposite side is fixed in on the movable sealing plug, still be provided with a removal flexible driver on the upper seal cover simultaneously, the both ends of removing the flexible ware driver articulate respectively on movable sealing plug and upper seal cover, and, the extraction opening has still been seted up on the movable sealing plug, extraction opening pipe connection has the aspiration pump.
The manufacturing device of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip comprises a pressurizing assembly and a pressurizing assembly, wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises a water pump, a water tank and two one-way valves, the water pump is respectively connected with the water tank and the one-way valve through pipelines, the one-way valve connected with the water pump is communicated with a pressurizing box body, and the pressurizing box body is also communicated with the one-way valve directly communicated with the water tank.
The positive effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
the manufacturing method and the device of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip not only simplify the process steps, facilitate the operation, save time and labor, improve the extraction efficiency, and can thoroughly extract anthocyanin in relevant plants, the raw material utilization rate is higher, the resource waste is avoided, in addition, the full-automatic extraction of anthocyanin and the automatic manufacture of the indicator strip can be realized through the manufacturing device, the manual intervention is reduced, the processing burden is lightened, the labor cost is reduced, and the use and the popularization of the anthocyanin indicator strip are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip of the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a manufacturing apparatus of a plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pressurizing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a crushing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural view of an upper sealing cover according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1. a frame; 11. a work table; 2. a vacuum freezing device; 21. rotating the base; 22. freezing and placing the cylinder body; 23. a cover plate with an air exhaust function; 3. a crushing device; 31. crushing the bracket; 32. a cutting assembly; 33. a size reduction assembly; 34. a powder returning component; 35. filtering the screen; 311. crushing the inner cavity; 312. returning the powder; 313. a raw material inlet; 321. a roller; 322. a blade; 331. a compression roller; 341. a suction machine; 342. a delivery conduit; 4. a mixing device; 41. a mixing barrel body; 42. a stirrer; 43. a solvent addition component; 5. a pressurizing device; 51. pressurizing the box body; 52. a high pressure special bag; 53. a pressurizing assembly; 511. an upper sealing cover; 512. an adjustment assembly; 513. a movable sealing plug; 5111. a placement port; 5112. a slide rail; 5113. a telescopic driver; 5131. an air extraction opening; 531. a water pump; 532. a water tank; 533. a one-way valve; 6. a filtration device; 61. filtering with a screen; 62. a screen support; 63. a collection box; 7. a dropping device; 71. an extraction assembly; 72. a dripper; 8. a drying device; 81. a drying box; 82. a dryer; 83. drying the conveyor belt; 9. a packaging device; 91. placing a bag table; 92. and sealing and vacuumizing machine.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments specifically describe the technical solutions provided by the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 5, but the following contents are not to be taken as limitations of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip. As shown in fig. 1, the manufacturing method of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip provided by this embodiment includes the following steps:
step S1, selecting materials;
selecting pericarp, pomace and fruit shell rich in anthocyanin as extraction raw materials.
Step S2, drying and crushing;
and (4) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the extracted raw material selected in the step (S1), eliminating moisture in the extracted raw material, ensuring the characteristics of the extracted raw material, effectively preventing deterioration, forming a dried raw material, and crushing the obtained dried raw material to obtain a powdery raw material, so that the powdery raw material is beneficial to full contact with an organic solvent subsequently, and conditions are provided for thoroughly extracting anthocyanin.
Step S3, extracting;
selecting an organic solvent, and adding the powdery raw material obtained in step S2 to the organic solvent so that the powdery raw material is sufficiently dissolved in the organic solvent to obtain an extraction solution. Preferably, when the powder raw materials are dissolved in the organic solvent, stirring can be selected, the efficiency is improved, and the mass ratio of the powder raw materials to the organic solvent is controlled to be 1: 10, the powder raw materials can be fully dissolved in the organic solvent, and the problem that the powder raw materials cannot be completely dissolved in the organic solvent after saturation is prevented.
Step S4, prompt extraction;
the extraction solution obtained in step S3 is put into a pressurizing device 5 to be pressurized, so that anthocyanins in the extraction raw material can be rapidly extracted, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
Step S5, filtering and preparing filtrate;
filtering the extraction solution subjected to the pressurization treatment in the step S4, filtering out residues of the extraction raw materials to ensure that the filtrate is clean, and collecting the obtained filtrate for later use.
Step S6, manufacturing an indication strip;
and selecting a blank indication strip, sucking the filtrate collected for later use in the step S5, dripping the filtrate on the blank indication strip, and drying to obtain a finished product indication strip. It is worth pointing out that the blank indicator strip is made of qualitative filter paper, and is low in price and lower in cost.
Step S7, packaging and storing;
and (5) carrying out vacuum packaging on the finished product indicating strip obtained in the step (S6), collecting and storing the finished product indicating strip, preventing the finished product indicating strip from being discolored by mistake after contacting air, and ensuring the quality of the product.
More specifically, the raw materials extracted in step S1 adopt pomace such as waxberry, prune, blueberry and the like and shells such as mangosteen and the like, are rich in natural anthocyanin, and are environment-friendly and harmless.
More specifically, the organic solvent used for the powder raw material in step S3 is ethanol, which is environmentally friendly and harmless, and has the advantages of easy resource acquisition and low cost, and can fully extract anthocyanin.
More specifically, step S4 is adding the back in pressure device 5 with the extraction solution, need extract behind the unnecessary air and sealed to make the pressurization process act on the extraction solution completely, can not receive the influence of air, guaranteed the accuracy of pressurization process, also prevented the extraction process simultaneously and extracted the volatilization of relevant material in the solution, the feature of environmental protection is better.
More specifically, the pressurization processing process in step S4 is a sectional type pressurization process, at this time, it is required to rapidly pressurize to 180-, meanwhile, anthocyanin separated out in the previous pressurization can be quickly dissolved in an organic solvent, so that the anthocyanin can be continuously separated out in the subsequent pressurization process, the extraction efficiency is further improved, conditions are provided for completely extracting the anthocyanin, the waste of resources is avoided, in addition, the pressure maintaining time is relatively long under the condition of relatively low initial pressure, after the pressure is increased, the pressure maintaining time is relatively reduced, and the pressure maintaining time is kept longest in the last pressurization, so that a certain adaptation process can be realized under the initial condition, the problem that the structure of processing equipment is not adapted and damaged due to the fact that ultrahigh pressure is added once is solved, and the safety protection is better.
More specifically, the pressurization treatment in step S4 is performed in an environment at a temperature of 20 to 40 ℃, that is, the organic solution formed by dissolving the powder raw material is prevented from suffering from a problem of difficult extraction of anthocyanins belonging to a heat-sensitive substance due to excessive temperature fluctuation during pressurization, and conditions are provided for further accelerating the precipitation of anthocyanins.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a manufacturing device for the manufacturing process of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a manufacturing apparatus of a plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the manufacturing apparatus of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip provided by this embodiment includes: the device comprises a frame 1, a vacuum freezing device 2, a crushing device 3, a mixing device 4, a pressurizing device 5, a filtering device 6, a dripping device 7, a drying device 8 and a packaging device 9.
More specifically, the frame 1 has a work deck 11, and the work deck 11 provides a mounting base for other subsequent structural components.
More specifically, the vacuum freezing device 2 further includes a rotary base 21 and a freezing cylinder 22, in this case, the rotary base 21 is rotatably mounted on one side of the working table 11, the freezing cylinder 22 is rotatably mounted on the rotary base 21, and the freezing cylinder 22 has an inlet and an outlet of a cover plate 23 with an air-extracting function. It is worth pointing out that the freezing cylinder 22 is provided with a refrigeration structure, the refrigeration structure is a pipeline structure of the existing refrigerator and other equipment, and can realize refrigeration, in addition, the cover plate 23 with the air extraction function is connected with a vacuum-pumping pump, the vacuum-pumping pump can pump out air in the freezing cylinder 22, and conditions are provided for vacuum freezing of the extracted raw materials. In addition, through rotating base 21, can change the direction of freezing the barrel 22 of placing to because freezing the barrel 22 of placing can overturn and set up on rotating base 21, thereby make freezing the upset direction of placing the barrel 22 and can change, simultaneously, can realize the opening and closing to freezing the access & exit of placing the barrel 22 through the apron, thereby made things convenient for and added the raw materials of will drawing in freezing the barrel 22 of placing or pour from freezing the barrel 22 of placing in, and can change the direction of pouring, provide the condition in for follow-up pouring to reducing mechanism 3.
More specifically, the crushing device 3 further includes a crushing support 31, a cutting assembly 32, a crushing assembly 33 and a powder returning assembly 34, at this time, the crushing support 31 is disposed on the working platen 11 and located at one side of the vacuum freezing device 2, that is, the drying material processed by the vacuum freezing device 2 can be poured onto the crushing support 31, and the crushing support 31 has a crushing inner cavity 311 with a material inlet 313 and a powder outlet, that is, the drying material can enter the crushing inner cavity 311 from the material inlet 313, so as to provide conditions for crushing the drying material for subsequent implementation. Simultaneously, set gradually cutting assembly 32 and crushing assembly 33 in smashing inner chamber 311 along raw materials entry 313 to the direction of powder export, earlier be the fritter with dry raw materials through cutting assembly 32 promptly to destroy its fibre, then process into powder raw materials through crushing assembly 33, guarantee that dry raw materials can be faster and thorough crushing, improved crushing efficiency. Furthermore, an inclined filtering screen 35 is arranged in the crushing cavity 311 and at the powder outlet thereof, meanwhile, a powder return port 312 is also arranged on the crushing inner cavity 311 and at the lowest part of the filtering screen 35, so that the powder obtained after pulverization can be filtered through the filter screen 35, fine powder can directly permeate, while the powder with larger volume will be blocked by the filtering screen 35 and enter the powder returning opening 312, furthermore, the powder returning component 34 is arranged outside the crushing inner cavity 311 and fixed on the crushing bracket 31, and the powder returning component 34 connects the powder returning port 312 with the raw material inlet 313, the powder returning component 34 realizes that the powder with larger volume screened by the filter screen 35 can enter the crushing inner cavity 311 again from the powder returning port 312 to be crushed again, thereby ensuring the thoroughness of crushing, being beneficial to the subsequent powder raw materials to be dissolved in the organic solvent and providing conditions for more thoroughly extracting anthocyanin.
More specifically, mixing arrangement 4 is again including mixing staving 41, agitator 42 and solvent add subassembly 43, at this moment, mixing staving 41 can overturn and install on work platen 11 and be located one side that reducing mechanism 3 deviates from vacuum refrigerating plant 2, agitating unit sets up in mixing the staving, solvent adds subassembly 43 sets up on work platen 11 and pipe connection in mixing staving 41, make the tiny powder after filtering through filter screen 35 among reducing mechanism 3 can mix through mixing staving 41, at this moment, add powder raw materials to mixing staving 41 in, and add suitable amount organic solvent through solvent add subassembly 43 simultaneously, stir through agitator 42 at last, make powder raw materials fully dissolve in organic solvent and form organic solution, provide the condition for follow-up thorough extraction anthocyanin. It should be noted that, the statistical adding assembly includes a solvent storage tank and a transportation pipeline with an extraction pump, the organic solvent stored in the solvent storage tank is added into the mixing barrel 41 through the transportation pipeline, and the adding amount of the organic solvent is controlled by controlling the operation state of the extraction pump, so that the structural design is more reasonable.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pressurizing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pressurizing device 5 further includes a pressurizing tank 51, a high-pressure dedicated bag 52, and a pressurizing assembly 53. At this time, the pressure tank 51 is provided on the work table 11 on the side of the mixing device 4 away from the crushing device 3, so that the organic solution mixed by the mixing device 4 can enter the pressure tank 51. Meanwhile, the pressurizing box body 51 is of a barrel structure with an upper opening, the upper opening of the pressurizing box body 51 is provided with an upper sealing cover 511 with a placing opening 5111, so that the upper sealing cover 511 can leave the pressurizing box body 51, the upper sealing cover 511 is mounted on the adjusting assembly 512, the mounting state of the upper sealing cover 511 on the pressurizing box body 51 is changed through the adjusting assembly 512, conditions are provided for realizing sealing pressurization and subsequent pressure relief after opening of the pressurizing box body 51, in addition, the upper sealing cover 511 can change the position and the inclined state of the upper sealing cover 511, and conditions are provided for automatically pouring out the organic solution in the subsequent process. Meanwhile, the high-pressure special bag 52 is arranged below the upper sealing cover 511, the bag opening of the high-pressure special bag extends into the placing opening 5111, the high-pressure special bag 52 is filled with the organic solution, so that the pressure in the pressurizing box body 51 acts on the organic solution through the high-pressure special bag 52, conditions are provided for realizing consistency of the pressure state of the organic solvent everywhere, meanwhile, other media for pressurizing such as water can be prevented from entering the organic solution, and the structural design is more reasonable. In addition, a movable sealing plug 513 is arranged on the upper sealing cover 511 and at the position of the placing port 5111, the movable sealing plug 513 opens or closes the bag opening, the pressurizing assembly 53 is arranged on the working table 11 and is connected to the pressurizing box body 51 through a pipeline, the opening and closing of the bag opening of the high-pressure special bag 52 are realized through the movable sealing plug 513, and conditions are provided for subsequent pressurizing and pouring. It should be noted that the adjusting assembly 512 includes a rotating bracket, a lifting telescopic driver 5113, a two-link arm and a link driver, the rotating bracket is rotatably mounted on the working platen 11, the upper end of the rotating bracket extends above the upper sealing cover 511, meanwhile, one side of the upper end of the rotating bracket is provided with the two-link arm extending towards the center of the upper sealing cover 511, meanwhile, one end of the two links of the two-link arm is hinged with each other, and one end of one link deviating from the other link is fixed on the rotating bracket, the other end of the other link is provided with the lifting telescopic driver 5113, and the telescopic shaft of the lifting telescopic driver 5113 is fixedly connected to the upper sealing cover 511, meanwhile, the link driver is a telescopic cylinder, and both ends of the link driver are respectively hinged on the rotating bracket and the link provided with the lifting telescopic driver 5113, that is, only when the pressure releasing operation is needed, only the lifting telescopic driver 5113 is started to open the upper sealing cover 511 and lift the high-pressure special bag 52 out of the pressurizing box 51, the quick pressure relief is convenient to realize, and otherwise, the sealing pressurization is realized. When the organic solution in the high-pressure special bag 52 needs to be poured out, the lifting telescopic driver 5113 needs to be started firstly, so that the upper sealing cover 511 is far away from the pressurizing box body 51, then the rotating support is started to rotate, the upper sealing cover 511 with the high-pressure special bag 52 can be far away from the pressurizing box body and move to the filtering device 6 in the subsequent process, then the connecting rod driver is started, the upper sealing cover 511 is inclined through the connecting rod driver, so that the organic solution in the high-pressure special bag 52 can be poured out from the bag opening, and automatic operation is realized. In addition, it is worth pointing out still that, the bottom of going up sealed lid 511 is provided with the support steel wire, and be connected with a stay cord that has certain elasticity that stretches out and draws back on the support steel wire, the other end of stay cord is connected in the bottom of the special bag 52 of high pressure, thereby the problem of the special bag 52 of high pressure can't follow the slope in the process of toppling over has been prevented, the feasibility and the thoroughness that organic solution emptys in the special bag 52 of high pressure have been guaranteed, and, support steel wire and the stay cord that has elasticity that stretches out and draws back can not influence the deformation of the special bag 52 of high pressure, can avoid the interference to the pressurization process, structural design is more reasonable, in addition, the special bag 52 of high pressure is the sealed bag that is used for high-pressure environment on the market at present now and uses, the kind is more, can use the high-pressure sealed environment, consequently, its specific model is no longer repeated here. .
More specifically, filter equipment 6 includes filter screen 61, filter screen 61 support and collecting box 63 again, and filter screen 61 support sets up on work platen 11, is provided with filter screen 61 on the filter screen 61 support, and the filter screen 61 below is provided with collecting box 63 for the aforesaid can directly be emptyd the filter screen 61 through the organic solution in adjusting part 512 with high pressure special bag 52 on, and the filtrating that obtains after filtering through filter screen 61 can be collected by collecting box 63, provides the condition on the instruction strip for follow-up dropwise add.
More specifically, the dripping device 7 further comprises an extraction assembly 71 and a dripper 72, at the moment, the extraction assembly 71 is arranged on the workbench plate 11, the extraction end of the extraction assembly is connected to the collection box 63 through a pipeline, the dripper 72 is arranged at the output end of the extraction assembly 71, filtrate collected in the collection box 63 can be transported to the dripper 72 through the extraction assembly 71, and the dripping of the dripper 72 onto the indication strip completes the production of the intelligent anthocyanin indication strip. It is worth pointing out that the extraction assembly 71 has an extraction duct connecting the collection tank 63 and the drip emitter 72 and an extraction pump providing the extraction power and able to control the amount of filtrate extracted by controlling the working time of the extraction pump, the structural design being more rational.
More specifically, the drying device 8 further includes a drying box 81, a dryer 82, and a drying conveyor 83. At this moment, drying box 81 is installed on work platen 11, drying-machine 82 sets up in drying-box 81, drying conveyor belt 83 runs through drying-box 81 and passes from drying-machine 82's stoving coverage, make the instruction strip homoenergetic of transporting through drying conveyor belt 83 pass through drying-machine 82's stoving, and, drying conveyor belt 83's both ends all stretch out outside drying-box 81, and drying conveyor belt 83's one end extends to dripper 72 below, blank instruction strip can place processing on drying conveyor belt 83 promptly, avoid follow-up transporting, machining efficiency has been improved, and can be dried at the very first time after titrating, structural design is more reasonable. It is worth pointing out that, be provided with a plurality of dropwise add stations along direction of transfer on the stoving conveyer belt 83, blank instruction strip is placed on the dropwise add station, and dripper 72 corresponds the dropwise add station vertically down to the dropwise add accuracy has been guaranteed, structural design is more reasonable.
More specifically, packing plant 9 is again including putting bag mesa 91 and sealing evacuation machine 92, the other end of stoving conveyer belt 83 extends to putting bag mesa 91 top, make the finished product after the stoving indicate the strip can be transported to putting on bag mesa 91, and put and placed the wrapping bag on the bag mesa 91, thereby make the finished product after the stoving that is transported and come by stoving conveyer belt 83 indicate the strip can get into in the wrapping bag, and, sealing evacuation machine 92 sets up in putting one side of bag mesa 91 and to putting the wrapping bag evacuation on the bag mesa 91 and seal, realize the evacuation and the operation of sealing of the wrapping bag that is equipped with the finished product and indicates the strip, realize the vacuum packaging to finished product indication strip.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a crushing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the cutting assembly 32 of the crushing device 3 further includes at least two rollers 321 and a plurality of blades 322, the two rollers 321 are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the plurality of blades 322 are respectively disposed on the two rollers 321, the plurality of blades 322 on each roller 321 are distributed in an annular array, and the blades 322 on the two rollers 321 are distributed in a staggered manner, and the rotation of the two rollers 321 drives the blades 322 to cut each other, so as to cut up the dry raw material, which is beneficial to the subsequent crushing. Meanwhile, the two rollers 321 can synchronously reciprocate along the axial direction in the crushing inner cavity 311, so that the positions of the two rollers 321 in the crushing inner cavity 311 can be moved, and the dry raw materials in all areas in the crushing inner cavity 311 can be cut, thereby further improving the crushing effect.
In addition, the crushing unit 33 in the crushing device 3 further includes two pressing rollers 331, and in this case, the two pressing rollers 331 are arranged in parallel and have opposite rotation directions, and dry raw materials are mutually pressed by rotation of the two pressing rollers 331, thereby crushing the dry raw materials. And at least one pressing roller 331 can move away from or close to the other pressing roller 331 in the crushing cavity 311, namely, the adjustment of the gap between the two pressing rollers 331 is realized through the movement of the pressing rollers 331, so that the particle size of the crushed powder is controlled, and different crushing requirements are met.
In addition, the powder returning component 34 of the pulverizing device 3 further comprises a suction machine 341 and a conveying pipeline 342, and the conveying pipeline 342 is respectively connected to the inlet and the outlet of the suction machine 341 and respectively communicated with the powder returning port 312 and the raw material inlet 313, so that the powder with larger volume screened by the filter screen 35 can be sucked by the suction machine 341 and then returned to the pulverizing inner cavity 311 for pulverizing again, and the pulverizing thoroughness is ensured.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of an upper sealing cover according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, a sliding rail 5112 is disposed on the upper sealing cover 511 of the pressurizing device 5 and beside the placing port 5111, at this time, the movable sealing plug 513 is slidably disposed on the sliding rail 5112 and closes or opens the placing port 5111 during sliding, and one side of the mouth of the high-pressure dedicated bag 52 extending into the placing port 5111 is fixed on the placing port 5111, and the other side is fixed on the movable sealing plug 513, so that when the movable sealing plug 513 moves, the mouth of the high-pressure dedicated bag 52 can be opened or closed, which provides conditions for loading the organic solution into the high-pressure dedicated bag 52 or pouring the organic solution out of the high-pressure dedicated bag 52, and also provides conditions for extracting air during pressurizing. Meanwhile, the upper sealing cover 511 is also provided with a movable telescopic driver 5113, two ends of the movable telescopic driver 5113 are respectively hinged to the movable sealing plug 513 and the upper sealing cover 511, namely the movable sealing plug 513 is driven to move on the sliding rail 5112 by the movable telescopic driver 5113, the movable sealing plug 513 is further provided with an air suction port 5131, the air suction port 5131 is connected with an air suction pump through a pipeline, and the condition that redundant air in the high-pressure special bag 52 is sucked out before pressurization is provided through the air suction port 5131.
More specifically, the pressurizing assembly 53 of the pressurizing device 5 further includes a water pump 531, a water tank 532 and two check valves 533, the water pump 531 is respectively connected to the water tank 532 and the check valve 533, the check valve 533 connected to the water pump 531 is communicated with the pressurizing tank 51, the pressurizing tank 51 is further communicated with the check valve 533 directly communicated with the water tank 532, that is, when the water pump 531 pumps the water in the water tank 532 into the pressurizing tank 51, the pressure in the pressurizing tank 51 is increased, and the pressure changes with the change of the pumped water amount, otherwise, the water in the pressurizing tank 51 is returned to the water tank 532, so as to reduce the pressure in the pressurizing tank 51, thereby providing a condition for next pressurizing again.
The manufacturing method and device of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip provided by the embodiment realize the manufacturing of the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip through material selection, drying and crushing, extraction, promotion, filtration and filtrate preparation, indicator strip manufacturing and packaging and storage, the process steps are simple, the operation is convenient, time and labor are saved more, the extraction efficiency is effectively improved, meanwhile, through arranging the vacuum freezing device 2 on the rack 1, the crushing device 3, the mixing device 4, the pressurizing device 5, the filtering device 6, the dripping device 7, the drying device 8 and the packaging device 9, the full-automatic extraction of anthocyanin and the automatic manufacturing of the indicator strip are realized, the manual intervention is reduced, the processing burden is lightened, the labor cost is effectively reduced, and the use and popularization of the anthocyanin indicator strip are facilitated.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip comprises the following steps:
step S1, selecting materials;
selecting pericarp, pomace and fruit shell rich in anthocyanin as extraction raw materials;
step S2, drying and crushing;
performing vacuum freeze-drying on the extracted raw material selected in the step S1 to form a dried raw material, and pulverizing the obtained dried raw material to obtain a powdered raw material;
step S3, extracting;
selecting an organic solvent, and adding the powder raw material obtained in the step S2 into the organic solvent to fully dissolve the powder raw material into the organic solvent to obtain an extraction solution;
step S4, prompt extraction;
putting the obtained extraction solution into a pressurizing device for pressurizing treatment;
step S5, filtering and preparing filtrate;
filtering the extraction solution subjected to the pressurization treatment in the step S4, and collecting the obtained filtrate for later use;
step S6, manufacturing an indication strip;
selecting a blank indication strip, sucking the filter liquor collected for standby in the step S5 to drop on the blank indication strip and drying to obtain a finished product indication strip;
step S7, packaging and storing;
and (5) carrying out vacuum packaging on the finished product indicator strip obtained in the step S6, and collecting and storing.
2. The method for manufacturing the plant-derived anthocyanin smart indicator stick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials extracted in the step S1 are waxberry, prune, blueberry and mangosteen.
3. The method for manufacturing a plant-derived anthocyanin smart indicator stick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic solvent in the step S3 is ethanol.
4. The method for manufacturing a smart indicator strip for anthocyanin according to claim 1, wherein the extraction solution is filled into a high-pressure special bag and sealed after excess air is pumped out when the extraction solution is added into the pressurizing device in the step S4.
5. The method for manufacturing the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 includes a step of pressurizing in a sectional manner, wherein the step of pressurizing is to rapidly pressurize to 210Mpa at 180 ℃, maintain the pressure for 3min, then rapidly pressurize to 235Mpa at 210 ℃, maintain the pressure for 2min, then rapidly pressurize to 265Mpa at 235-.
6. The method for manufacturing a plant-derived anthocyanin smart indicator stick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressurization treatment process in the step S4 is performed in an environment with a temperature of 20-40 ℃.
7. A manufacturing device of a plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip, which is suitable for the manufacturing method of the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a frame having a work deck;
the vacuum refrigerating device comprises a rotary base and a refrigerating placement barrel, wherein the rotary base is rotatably arranged on one side of the working table plate, the refrigerating placement barrel can be arranged on the rotary base in a turnover mode, and the refrigerating placement barrel is provided with an inlet and an outlet of a cover plate with an air suction function;
the crushing device is provided with a crushing support, a cutting assembly, a crushing assembly and a powder returning assembly, the crushing support is arranged on the working table plate and is positioned on one side of the vacuum refrigerating device, meanwhile, the crushing support is provided with a crushing inner cavity with a raw material inlet and a powder outlet, the cutting assembly and the crushing assembly are sequentially arranged in the crushing inner cavity along the direction from the raw material inlet to the powder outlet, an inclined filter screen is arranged in the crushing inner cavity and at the powder outlet, meanwhile, a powder returning opening is also formed in the crushing inner cavity and at the lowest position of the filter screen, the powder returning assembly is arranged outside the crushing inner cavity and fixed on the crushing support, and the powder returning assembly is used for communicating the powder returning opening with the raw material inlet;
the mixing device is provided with a mixing barrel body, a stirrer and a solvent adding assembly, the mixing barrel body is arranged on the working platform plate in a turnover mode and is positioned on one side, away from the vacuum freezing device, of the crushing device, the stirring device is arranged in the mixing barrel body, and the solvent adding assembly is arranged on the working platform plate and is connected into the mixing barrel body through a pipeline;
the pressurization device comprises a pressurization box body, a high-pressure special bag and a pressurization assembly, the pressurization box body is arranged on the working table plate and is positioned on one side, away from the crushing device, of the mixing device, meanwhile, the pressurization box body is of a barrel body structure with an upper opening, an upper sealing cover with a placing opening is arranged on the upper opening of the pressurization box body, the upper sealing cover is arranged on the adjusting assembly, meanwhile, the high-pressure special bag is arranged below the upper sealing cover, a bag opening of the high-pressure special bag extends into the placing opening, a movable sealing plug is arranged on the upper sealing cover and positioned at the placing opening, the bag opening is opened or closed through the movable sealing plug, the pressurization assembly is arranged on the working table plate, and a pipeline is connected onto the pressurization box body;
the filter device comprises a filter screen, a filter screen bracket and a collecting box, the filter screen bracket is arranged on the working table plate, the filter screen is arranged on the filter screen bracket, and the collecting box is arranged below the filter screen;
the dropping device comprises an extraction component and a dropping head, the extraction component is arranged on the working table plate, an extraction end pipeline of the extraction component is connected into the collection box, and the dropping head is arranged at an output end of the extraction component;
the drying device is provided with a drying box, a dryer and a drying conveyor belt, the drying box is installed on the working table plate, the dryer is arranged in the drying box, the drying conveyor belt penetrates through the drying box and penetrates through the drying coverage range of the dryer, two ends of the drying conveyor belt extend out of the drying box, and one end of the drying conveyor belt extends to the position below the dripper;
packing plant, packing plant is including putting the bag mesa and sealing the evacuation machine, the other end of stoving conveyer belt extends to put bag mesa top, seal the evacuation machine set up in put one side of bag mesa and right it puts the wrapping bag evacuation on the bag mesa and seal.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the cutting assembly comprises at least two rollers and a plurality of blades, the two rollers are arranged in parallel and at intervals, the plurality of blades are respectively arranged on the two rollers, the plurality of blades on each roller are distributed in an annular array, the blades on the two rollers are distributed in a staggered manner, and the two rollers can synchronously reciprocate along the axial direction of the rollers in the crushing cavity; the crushing assembly comprises two compression rollers which are arranged in parallel, the rotation directions of the two compression rollers are opposite, and at least one compression roller can move away from or close to the other compression roller in the crushing cavity; the powder returning assembly comprises a suction machine and a conveying pipeline, wherein the conveying pipeline is connected to an inlet and a discharge port of the suction machine respectively and is communicated with the powder returning port and the raw material inlet respectively.
9. The method for manufacturing the plant source anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip as claimed in claim 7, wherein a slide rail is arranged on the upper sealing cover and beside the placing opening, the movable sealing plug is slidably arranged on the slide rail and closes or opens the placing opening in the sliding process, one side of a bag opening of a high-pressure special bag extending into the placing opening is fixed on the placing opening, the other side of the bag opening is fixed on the movable sealing plug, meanwhile, a movable telescopic driver is further arranged on the upper sealing cover, two ends of the movable telescopic driver are respectively hinged to the movable sealing plug and the upper sealing cover, in addition, an air suction opening is further formed in the movable sealing plug, and an air suction pump is connected to an air suction opening pipeline.
10. The method for manufacturing the plant-derived anthocyanin intelligent indicator strip as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises a water pump, a water tank and two one-way valves, the water pump is respectively connected with the water tank and the one-way valve through pipelines, the one-way valve connected with the water pump is communicated with the pressurizing tank body, and the pressurizing tank body is also communicated with the one-way valve directly communicated with the water tank.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117782412A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 中国农业大学 | Pressure indicator and application thereof |
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| JP5137220B1 (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-02-06 | 株式会社奄美大島開運酒造 | Method for producing solder anthocyanin pigment extract |
| CN110496415A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉大学 | A kind of injection type cavitation extracts method, application and its device used of anthocyanin |
| CN110643196A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-03 | 暨南大学 | Extraction and separation method of anthocyanin |
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| JP5137220B1 (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-02-06 | 株式会社奄美大島開運酒造 | Method for producing solder anthocyanin pigment extract |
| CN110496415A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-26 | 武汉大学 | A kind of injection type cavitation extracts method, application and its device used of anthocyanin |
| CN110643196A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-03 | 暨南大学 | Extraction and separation method of anthocyanin |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117782412A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 中国农业大学 | Pressure indicator and application thereof |
| CN117782412B (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-05-24 | 中国农业大学 | Pressure indicator and application thereof |
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