CN113951057A - Terrace type biological ditch wetland falling belt treatment method based on seed bank - Google Patents

Terrace type biological ditch wetland falling belt treatment method based on seed bank Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113951057A
CN113951057A CN202111195767.0A CN202111195767A CN113951057A CN 113951057 A CN113951057 A CN 113951057A CN 202111195767 A CN202111195767 A CN 202111195767A CN 113951057 A CN113951057 A CN 113951057A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
terrace
seed bank
hydro
water
wetland
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Pending
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CN202111195767.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱仔伟
梅雅茹
兰志春
唐山
刘俊
陈和平
曹中有
曾文昌
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Jiangxi Academy of Forestry
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Jiangxi Academy of Forestry
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Priority to CN202111195767.0A priority Critical patent/CN113951057A/en
Publication of CN113951057A publication Critical patent/CN113951057A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0291Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0293Seed or shoot receptacles
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a terrace type biological ditch wetland falling belt treatment method based on a seed bank, which relates to the field of wetland falling belt restoration, and specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of reconstructing a hydro-fluctuation belt into a terrace-type structure, wherein the terrace-type structure is provided with 3 different restoration treatment layers according to water levels, each restoration treatment layer corresponds to one step, a long ditch is arranged on each step, and different seed banks are placed on each step; the slope of the upstream surface of the hydro-fluctuation belt is more than or equal to 70 degrees. The invention combines a seed bank technology and a terrace wetland, carries out terrace type micro-terrain reconstruction on a hydro-fluctuation belt, and adopts a vegetation seed bank technology when different water levels are adopted, long ditches are pulled out on the terrace type terrain, biological ditches are formed when the water levels are different, dry branches and fallen leaves on the bank are washed into the biological ditches by surface runoff, and the translational same plant elevation seed bank can grow different vegetation on the revetment along with the change of the water levels.

Description

Terrace type biological ditch wetland falling belt treatment method based on seed bank
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydro-fluctuation belt restoration, in particular to a terrace type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on a seed bank.
Background
On the wetland falling belt, drought-resistant plants can be drowned in a water storage period, and the flood-resistant plants can be dried to death in a dry period. Without plants, water and soil can run off along with river water, and water bodies are polluted. Therefore, ecological management of the hydro-fluctuation belt is called a world-level problem. Especially in large lakes and hydro-fluctuation belts of reservoirs, the vegetation lacks certain conditions of standing and is difficult to grow and survive. In the treatment of the wetland hydro-fluctuation belt, certain micro-terrain reconstruction can be adopted, and the reconstruction mode of single-variety vegetation is adopted, so that the biological diversity effect cannot be achieved.
The existing water-level-change-resistant water-level-variable-pressure-variable-flow-resistant water-level system is a comprehensive problem, and the existing related technology does not have a natural-group restoration effect and is difficult to adapt to the water-level change of a water-level-variable-flow-resistant water-level system. Because the water level difference of the hydro-fluctuation belt is large and the hydro-fluctuation belt has the characteristic of steep slope, seeds of plants are difficult to attach to the hydro-fluctuation belt, and vegetation is difficult to recover and grow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art and provides a terrace type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on a seed bank.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a terrace-type biological ditch wetland water-falling belt treatment method based on a seed bank comprises the steps of reforming a water-falling belt into a terrace-type structure, wherein the terrace-type structure is provided with 3 different restoration treatment layers according to water levels, each restoration treatment layer corresponds to a first-stage ladder, long ditches are arranged on the ladders, plants on the water-falling belt at the same height are horizontally moved into the long ditches, and the seed bank corresponding to each stage is formed; the slope of the upstream surface of the hydro-fluctuation belt is more than or equal to 70 degrees.
Preferably, the terrace-type structure comprises an upper treatment layer, a middle treatment layer and a lower treatment layer, wherein the seed bank of the upper treatment layer is saururus chinensis and/or red waistcoat;
the seed bank of the middle treatment layer is Liao;
the seed bank of the lower treatment layer is coriander chrysanthemum and/or swamp mahogany.
Preferably, a degradable plant fiber net is laid on the gradient between the steps.
Preferably, the plant fiber net has a wire diameter of 0.3-0.6cm and a mesh size of 4-6 cm.
Preferably, the plant fiber net is fixed by adopting a bionic nail.
Preferably, the bionic nail comprises a nail body made of degradable materials, a containing cavity is arranged in the nail body, nutrient soil is filled in the containing cavity, and water-flooding-resistant herbal seeds are placed in the nutrient soil; the upper end of the nail body is provided with a bud outlet, and the side end is provided with a root hair hole.
Preferably, the degradable material is a degradable starch filled plastic.
Preferably, the nail body is circumferentially and fixedly provided with a barb body, and the tip part at the outer side of the barb body extends towards the back upper direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a terrace type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on a seed bank, which combines a seed bank technology and a terrace wetland, carries out terrace type micro-terrain reconstruction on the hydro-fluctuation belt, is suitable for a vegetation seed bank technology at different water levels, pulls out long ditches on terrace type terrains, forms biological ditches at different water levels, washes dry branches and fallen leaves on a bank into the biological ditches by surface runoff, translates the dry branches and fallen leaves to a plant with the same elevation as the seed bank, and grows different vegetation on a revetment along with the change of the water level.
(2) According to the terrace type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on the seed bank, the degradable plant fiber net is planted on the slope between the terraces, so that the erosion of rainwater to the slope body can be effectively buffered; reduce the loss of water, soil and vegetation of the slope. After the vegetation grows to form a strong root system, the plant fiber net is automatically degraded, the environment is not polluted, and the required organic fertilizer can be provided for the growth of plants.
(3) According to the terrace type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on the seed bank, the bionic nails are adopted to fix the plant fiber net, so that the fixing effect is achieved, on the other hand, the seeds in the accommodating cavity can take roots and germinate before the bionic nails are degraded during fixing, the water and soil on the upstream face are further fixed, and the seeds are prevented from being washed by water waves and taken away by water flow; meanwhile, the space for the seeds to grow out can be better reserved, the seeds can be kept in an internal wet state, the water logging resistant herbaceous plant seeds can be more favorably germinated, the leaves can grow out of the ground surface, the functions of soil stabilization and bank protection and landscape greening restoration can be realized, and water and soil loss can be effectively prevented and treated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art hydro-fluctuation belt structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a hydro-fluctuation belt in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomimetic nail in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 100-a hydro-fluctuation belt, A-a high water level, B-a normal water level, C-a low water level, 300-a seed bank, 401-an upper treatment layer, 402-a middle treatment layer, 403-a lower treatment layer, 500-a plant fiber net, 600-a bionic nail, 601-a containing cavity, 602-a bud outlet, 603-a root hair hole and 604-a barb body.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
a terrace type biological ditch wetland water-falling belt treatment method based on a seed bank comprises the steps of modifying a water-falling belt 100 into a terrace type structure, wherein the terrace type structure is provided with 3 different restoration treatment layers according to water levels, each restoration treatment layer corresponds to a first-stage ladder, long ditches are arranged on the ladders, plants on the same elevation of the water-falling belt 100 are translated into the long ditches, and a seed bank 300 corresponding to each stage is formed; the slope of the upstream surface of the hydro-fluctuation belt 100 is more than or equal to 70 degrees. Because the slope is steeper, if vegetation is directly planted, the vegetation is easily washed away by water, and the survival rate is lower. Combine together seed bank technique and terraced wetland, carry out terraced field formula microrelief with the hydro-fluctuation belt and reform transform, during different water levels, the vegetation seed bank technique of adaptation draws out long ditch on the topography of terraced field formula, form biological ditch when different water levels, the dry branch fallen leaves on the bank carry and erode to the biological ditch in through the surface runoff, the vegetation translation to same elevation plant seed storehouse of natural formation adaptation different water levels, the preparation adaptability that the nature was selected is stronger, can save certain moisture in the biological ditch simultaneously, do benefit to the growth of vegetation, along with the change of water level, will grow different vegetation on the revetment.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it may also have the following additional technical features:
the terrace type structure is respectively provided with an upper treatment layer 401, a middle treatment layer 402 and a lower treatment layer 403 according to a high water level A, a middle water level B and a low water level C, the distance between adjacent water level lines is 1-3m, namely the terrace type structure is arranged according to the water level fluctuation condition, and a seed bank of the upper treatment layer 401 is composed of saururus chinensis and/or waistcoat;
the seed bank of the middle treatment layer 402 is water Liao;
the seed bank of the lower treatment layer 403 is coriander chrysanthemum and/or swamp mahogany.
According to different changes of water levels, plants with different adaptability are planted on different treatment layers, so that the coverage rate and survival rate of the plants in the whole hydro-fluctuation belt can be improved.
And a degradable plant fiber net 500 is laid on the slope between the steps, the linear diameter of the plant fiber net 500 is 0.3-0.6cm, and the mesh size is 4-6 cm. Because the slope of the upstream surface of the water-level fluctuation belt is steeper, the problem that planting is difficult to achieve still exists between steps, and the problem that water and soil are further lost due to the fact that water level scours the slope of the water-level fluctuation belt along with the water rising period and the water falling period is solved, so that the scouring of rainwater to a slope body can be effectively buffered by paving the plant fiber net on the slope; reduce the loss of water, soil and vegetation of the slope. After the vegetation grows to form a strong root system, the plant fiber net is automatically degraded, the environment is not polluted, and the required organic fertilizer can be provided for the growth of plants. .
In still other embodiments, the plant fiber web 500 is secured using a biomimetic nail 600. The bionic nail 600 comprises a nail body made of degradable materials, wherein an accommodating cavity 601 is formed in the nail body, nutrient soil is filled in the accommodating cavity 601, and flooding-resistant herbal seeds are placed in the nutrient soil; the upper end of the nail body is provided with a bud outlet 602, and the side end is provided with a root hair hole 603. The degradable material is degradable starch filled plastic. On one hand, the bionic nail plays a role in fixing the plant fiber net, on the other hand, when the bionic nail is fixed, seeds in the accommodating cavity can take roots and germinate before the bionic nail is degraded, and further, water and soil on the upstream face are fixed, so that the bionic nail is prevented from being washed by water waves and being taken away by water flow; meanwhile, the space for the seeds to grow out can be better reserved, the seeds can be kept in an internal wet state, the water logging resistant herbaceous plant seeds can be more favorably germinated, the leaves can grow out of the ground surface, the functions of soil stabilization and bank protection and landscape greening restoration can be realized, and water and soil loss can be effectively prevented and treated.
The fixed barb body 604 that sets up in nail body week, barb body 604 outside tip portion extends to the back top, can rely on the barb body to catch on soil after the nail body pierces soil downwards, avoids the nail body to be extracted under rivers brush, makes it can keep the nail body fixed better.
The above additional technical features can be freely combined and used in superposition by those skilled in the art without conflict.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solutions that achieve the objects of the present invention by basically the same means are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A terrace-type biological ditch wetland water-falling belt treatment method based on a seed bank is characterized in that a water-falling belt (100) is reformed into a terrace-type structure, the terrace-type structure is provided with 3 different restoration treatment layers according to water level, each restoration treatment layer corresponds to a first-stage ladder, a long ditch is arranged on the ladder, plants on the same elevation of the water-falling belt (100) are horizontally moved into the long ditch, and a seed bank (300) corresponding to each stage is formed; the slope of the upstream surface of the hydro-fluctuation belt (100) is more than or equal to 70 degrees.
2. The terrace-type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on the seed bank according to claim 1, wherein the terrace-type structure comprises an upper treatment layer (401), a middle treatment layer (402) and a lower treatment layer (403), the seed bank of the upper treatment layer (401) is saururus chinensis and/or red waistcoat;
the seed bank of the middle treatment layer (402) is water Liao;
the seed bank of the lower treatment layer (403) is coriander chrysanthemum and/or swamp mahogany.
3. The method for treating the terrace-type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt based on the seed bank according to claim 1, wherein a degradable plant fiber net (500) is laid on the gradient between the steps.
4. The method for treating the terrace-type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt based on the seed bank as claimed in claim 3, wherein the wire diameter of the plant fiber net (500) is 0.3-0.6cm, and the mesh size is 4-6 cm.
5. The method for governing the terraced fields type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt based on the seed bank as claimed in claim 4, wherein the plant fiber net (500) is fixed by a bionic nail (600).
6. The terrace-type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt treatment method based on the seed bank as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bionic nail (600) comprises a nail body made of degradable material, a containing cavity (601) is arranged in the nail body, the containing cavity (601) is filled with nutrient soil, and the nutrient soil is provided with the water-logging-resistant herbaceous seeds; bud holes (602) are formed in the upper end of the nail body, and root hair holes (603) are formed in the side ends of the nail body.
7. The method for treating the terrace-type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt based on the seed bank as claimed in claim 6, wherein the degradable material is degradable starch-filled plastic.
8. The method for governing the terraced fields type biological ditch wetland hydro-fluctuation belt based on the seed bank as claimed in claim 6, wherein the nail body is fixedly provided with a barb body (604) in the circumferential direction, and the outer tip part of the barb body (604) extends upwards and backwards.
CN202111195767.0A 2021-10-14 2021-10-14 Terrace type biological ditch wetland falling belt treatment method based on seed bank Pending CN113951057A (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100945078B1 (en) * 2009-08-14 2010-03-05 (주)진양종합엔지니어링 Vegetation mat for revetment
CN104620838A (en) * 2015-03-06 2015-05-20 陈洪凯 Method for restoring vegetations in water-level-fluctuating zone
CN104963310A (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-07 常州市荣顺电子有限公司 Method for repairing hydro-fluctuation belt by means of vegetation
CN207525703U (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-06-22 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 A kind of water-retaining type stepped ecological falling zone
WO2018223787A1 (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-12-13 云南大学 Reservoir tail reverse regulation method for native fish protection
CN110512628A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-29 中国水利水电科学研究院 A kind of side slope ecological renovation method
CN110741845A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-02-04 重庆交通大学 Biological nail and hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof
CN210184096U (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-03-27 甘肃省治沙研究所 Groove structure for growing forest and grass on sand wasteland
CN111771631A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-16 中国水利水电科学研究院 Hydro-fluctuation belt water and soil conservation system and method
CN112970469A (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-06-18 长江水利委员会长江科学院 Ecological restoration structure for hydro-fluctuation belt in reservoir area

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100945078B1 (en) * 2009-08-14 2010-03-05 (주)진양종합엔지니어링 Vegetation mat for revetment
CN104620838A (en) * 2015-03-06 2015-05-20 陈洪凯 Method for restoring vegetations in water-level-fluctuating zone
CN104963310A (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-07 常州市荣顺电子有限公司 Method for repairing hydro-fluctuation belt by means of vegetation
WO2018223787A1 (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-12-13 云南大学 Reservoir tail reverse regulation method for native fish protection
CN207525703U (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-06-22 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 A kind of water-retaining type stepped ecological falling zone
CN210184096U (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-03-27 甘肃省治沙研究所 Groove structure for growing forest and grass on sand wasteland
CN110512628A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-29 中国水利水电科学研究院 A kind of side slope ecological renovation method
CN110741845A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-02-04 重庆交通大学 Biological nail and hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof
CN111771631A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-16 中国水利水电科学研究院 Hydro-fluctuation belt water and soil conservation system and method
CN112970469A (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-06-18 长江水利委员会长江科学院 Ecological restoration structure for hydro-fluctuation belt in reservoir area

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Application publication date: 20220121