CN113925888A - 一种蒲公英散剂的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种蒲公英散剂的制备方法，步骤如下：1)取蒲公英粉碎成粗粉，放置于煎器；2)加水浸没蒲公英，加热煎器至沸腾；3)保持微沸状态，分离煎出液；4)将煎出液浓缩、风干后，制备成散剂，得蒲公英散剂。蒲公英散剂的应用，在养殖鸡的过程中作为添加剂使用。本发明的蒲公英散剂，利用蒲公英的抗氧化、抗菌消炎、抑制肿瘤作用，应用于鸡的养殖中达到疫病防治目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于家禽养殖领域，具体涉及一种蒲公英散剂的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
养殖过程中，疫病是其中一个最重要风险。疫病不仅造成养殖动物的死亡、还在治疗过程中产生很多生物危害：带毒感染，兽药残留，耐药产生等问题。随着防治动物疫病产生的问题，社会对绿色养殖，无抗养殖，减少治疗等需求越来越强烈，也符合人们的生活期盼。目前为适应养殖新变化，主要从三方面入手：第一，培育优良品种，能抵抗养殖过程中的疫病风险。但是，需要大量的素材，大量的试验等前期工作、进展缓慢。第二，开发优质高效的防治药品。开发化学药物不仅技术屏障多，而且使用后容易产生耐药，形成恶性循环。第三，提高机体的免疫，增强抵抗疫病风险。这方面的开发和应用逐渐成为一个不可或缺的方面。
中草药源于自天然，毒副作用小，无残留，作用广泛，因此，用中草药来防治动物疾病的研究越来越受到人们的重视，逐渐在养殖过程中发挥出防控疫病的优势。蒲公英是一种传统的中药材，药食两用，含黄酮、多糖、多酚等活性物质，具有抗氧化，抗菌消炎，抑制肿瘤等功能特性，蒲公英在临床应用，化妆品应用和功能食品开发等方面研究较为广泛。在动物养殖过程中，蒲公英起到杀灭鸡白痢，提高机体免疫，改善免疫器官发育等作用。
为了减少养殖过程中动物疫病危害，提高养殖效益，适应养殖新趋势，利用蒲公英的抗氧化，抗菌消炎，抑制肿瘤作用，在养殖过程中使用，达到疫病防治目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种蒲公英散剂，以利用蒲公英的抗氧化、抗菌消炎等作用，在养殖过程中使用，达到疫病防治目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明的一种蒲公英散剂的制备方法，步骤如下：
1)取蒲公英粉碎成粗粉，放置于煎器；
2)加水浸没蒲公英，加热煎器至沸腾；
3)保持微沸状态，分离煎出液；
4)将煎出液浓缩、风干后，制备成散剂，得蒲公英散剂。
优选地，所述步骤3)中，分离出煎出液后，剩余的药渣加水后继续加热至沸腾煎煮，再次分离煎出液，将此前各次煎出液合并。
优选地，所述药渣煎煮次数为2-4次。
进一步地，所述的蒲公英散剂的应用，在养殖鸡的过程中作为添加剂使用。
优选地，在鸡免疫前后1周，往鸡的饮水中添加2％-5％蒲公英散剂。
优选地，在鸡的饮水池种中添加2％-5％蒲公英散剂，供鸡自由饮用。
蒲公英(拉丁学名：Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)菊科，蒲公英属多年生草本植物。根圆锥状，表面棕褐色，皱缩，叶边缘有时具波状齿或羽状深裂，基部渐狭成叶柄，叶柄及主脉常带红紫色，花葶上部紫红色，密被蛛丝状白色长柔毛；头状花序，总苞钟状，瘦果暗褐色，长冠毛白色，花果期4～10月。作为传统的中药材，药食两用，含黄酮、多糖、多酚等活性物质，具有抗氧化，抗菌消炎，抑制肿瘤等功能特性，蒲公英在临床应用，化妆品应用和功能食品开发等方面研究较为广泛。在动物养殖过程中，蒲公英起到杀灭鸡白痢，提高机体免疫，改善免疫器官发育等作用。
本发明的实质性特点及显著进步是：
本发明的蒲公英散剂，利用蒲公英的抗氧化、抗菌消炎、抑制肿瘤作用，应用于鸡的养殖中达到疫病防治目的。在免疫前后1周使用，提高免疫效果，减少免疫副反应。在日常养殖中应用，有效提高鸡的免疫力，减少养殖过程中动物疫病危害，提高养殖效益。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
一、实施例
一种蒲公英散剂的制备方法，步骤如下：
1)取蒲公英粉碎成粗粉，放置于煎器；
2)加水浸没蒲公英，加热煎器至沸腾；
3)保持微沸状态，分离煎出液；分离出煎出液后，剩余的药渣加水后继续加热至沸腾煎煮，再次分离煎出液，将此前各次煎出液合并。
药渣煎煮次数为2-4次，或煎出液的味淡即可停止。
4)将煎出液浓缩、风干后，制备成散剂，得蒲公英散剂。
在鸡免疫前后1周，往鸡的饮水中添加2％-5％蒲公英散剂。
在鸡的饮水池中添加2％-5％蒲公英散剂，供鸡自由饮用。
二、对比实验
往鸡的饮用水中添加蒲公英散剂，使其含量为2.5％。试验选取168只健康1日龄三黄鸡，分试验组和对照组，免疫禽流感疫苗，于免疫后的30d采血进行抗体检测和检测血清鸡白痢。
免疫后30d，试验组均比对照组抗体水平高，差异显著(p＜0.05)，抗体水平提高1个滴度以上。鸡白痢抗体阳性率降低22.21％。可见对免疫抗体有明显的促进作用，也对鸡白痢有防治功能。
表 蒲公英水提物对禽流感抗体水平影响
| 组别 | 试验组 | 对照组 |
| 免疫后30d抗体 | 8.09±1.51<sup>a</sup> | 6.73±1.10<sup>b</sup> |
| 血清鸡白痢 | 2.4％(1/41) | 1.07％(3/28) |
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。
Claims (6)
1.一种蒲公英散剂的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
1)取蒲公英粉碎成粗粉，放置于煎器；
2)加水浸没蒲公英，加热煎器至沸腾；
3)保持微沸状态，分离煎出液；
4)将煎出液浓缩、风干后，制备成散剂，得蒲公英散剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蒲公英散剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤3)中，分离出煎出液后，剩余的药渣加水后继续加热至沸腾煎煮，再次分离煎出液，将此前各次煎出液合并。
3.根据权利要求2所述的蒲公英散剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述药渣煎煮次数为2-4次。
4.根据权利要求1所述的蒲公英散剂的应用，其特征在于：在养殖鸡的过程中作为添加剂使用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的蒲公英散剂的应用，其特征在于：在鸡免疫前后1周，往鸡的饮水中添加2％-5％蒲公英散剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的蒲公英散剂的应用，其特征在于：在鸡的饮水池中添加2％-5％蒲公英散剂，供鸡自由饮用。
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