CN105381138A - 治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物 - Google Patents
治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其处方为：黄连50-150g、黄芩150-250g、黄柏150-250g、白头翁100-200g、秦皮50-150g、地榆50-150g、石榴皮100-200g、马齿苋150-250g、大腹皮150-250g、厚朴50-150g、陈皮150-250g以及甘草150-250g；本发明治疗鸡沙门菌病效果显著，且用药后不会产生耐药性和药物残留，药材来源广泛、获取简单，制作工艺简便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜禽中药领域，具体涉及一种治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物。
背景技术
鸡沙门菌病俗称鸡白痢，是一种急性或慢性的传染病。各种生长期的鸡均可感染，并且一年四季均可发病。
其中，幼雏感染后常表现为急性败血症，发病率和死亡率都很高；成年鸡感染后则多表现为慢性或隐性带菌，并且可以伴随粪便排出，引起群发性感染；而且鸡沙门菌病不仅可以横向传染，还会因为产蛋母鸡卵巢带菌，严重影响孵化率和雏鸡成活率。
鸡感染沙门菌病后的症状表现为：怕冷、聚群，两翅下垂，食欲锐减，拉白色、淡黄、淡绿色粘性稀便，粪便粘着肛周，排粪困难，呼吸困难，成年鸡产蛋量减少，受精率、孵化率、健雏率大幅下降，营养不良。
对此病，目前尚无有效的菌苗可以预防，只能靠加强消毒和药物防治。各鸡场用于防止此病的药费支出不菲，这严重影响养鸡场的经济效益。而一旦发病，则多采用抗生素治疗，长期使用抗生素治疗极易产生抗药性，而且也会在其产品中造成药物残留，对于产品的使用者带来身体伤害。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗效果显著、工艺简单的治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其处方为：
黄连50-150g、黄芩150-250g、黄柏150-250g、白头翁100-200g、秦皮50-150g、地榆50-150g、石榴皮100-200g、马齿苋150-250g、大腹皮150-250g、厚朴50-150g、陈皮150-250g以及甘草150-250g。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进，所述处方的优选剂量为：黄连100g、黄芩200g、黄柏200g、白头翁150g、秦皮100g、地榆100g、石榴皮150g、马齿苋200g、大腹皮200g、厚朴100g、陈皮200g以及甘草200g。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进，所述处方的煎制方法为：
步骤一将所述处方中各味药按计量比投入浸泡罐内，加入50℃温水，水量以没过药材表面3-5cm为限，恒温浸泡30min；
步骤二将步骤一中的物料转移入药品提取罐，补加水至浸没药材上表面3cm，加热至沸腾后继续沸腾40min；
步骤三待步骤二中物料冷却至80℃，过滤，得到药液；
步骤四将步骤三所得药液转移入浓缩罐，负压、恒温60℃浓缩，得到浓缩药液500ml，过滤浓缩药液，得到澄清药液。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进，所述步骤五中用于调节澄清药液PH值的试剂为饱和Na2CO3溶液。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进，所述浸泡罐包括加热装置和陶质内胆。
为了检验本发明的治疗效果，特进行如下临床实验：
实验方法：
选取7日龄的雏鸡400只，平均分为8组：空白对照组、感染对照组、强力霉素组高剂量组、强力霉素中剂量组、强力霉素低剂量组、本发明高剂量组、本发明中剂量组和本发明低剂量组。试验期间，8组均正常饲料饲水，并每日清洁鸡舍两次、喷洒消毒水一次。强力霉素高剂量组、强力霉素中剂量组、强力霉素低剂量组、本发明高剂量组、本发明中剂量组以及本发明低剂量组均采用饮水拌药给药；雏鸡采用人工皮下注射沙门菌液0.25ml，从雏鸡人工感染后6-8h后开始给药，连续给药5天，空白对照组和感染对照组不给药。
现将分组情况和给药量制成表格如下：
| 组别 | 给药方式 | 给药量 | 雏鸡/只 |
| 空白对照组 | 不给药 | 0 | 50 |
| 感染对照组 | 不给药 | 0 | 50 |
| 强力霉素高剂量组 | 饮水拌药 | 500mg/L | 50 |
| 强力霉素中剂量组 | 饮水拌药 | 400mg/L | 50 |
| 强力霉素低剂量组 | 饮水拌药 | 300mg/L | 50 |
| 本发明高剂量组 | 饮水拌药 | 20g/L | 50 |
| 本发明中剂量组 | 饮水拌药 | 30g/L | 50 |
| 本发明低剂量组 | 饮水拌药 | 40g/L | 50 |
实验结果：
雏鸡经人工感染6-8h后，出现鸡沙门菌病感染症状：
病雏鸡主要表现为：精神不振，食欲减退或废绝，羽毛松散凌乱，双翅下垂，缩颈，闭眼昏睡，喜静且离群孤立，腹泻并伴以黄白色稀粪。
除空白对照组、感染对照组以外，其他各组按剂量给药，治疗效果记录如下：
（1）空白对照组，全数雏鸡正常进食、发育。
（2）感染对照组，在人工感染6h后，少量雏鸡开始出现鸡沙门菌病症状，精神萎靡、食欲不振，且开始排泄稀粪；人工感染12-14小时，出现大面积感染症状，并且雏鸡开始出现死亡；16-18小时开始出现大面积死亡。
（3）强力霉素高剂量组，给药1日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显改善，食欲也有所回升，部分雏鸡开始进食；给药2日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显改善，食欲得到明显改善，稀粪排泄量和排泄次数减少；给药3日后，5只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡活动欲增加，并且进食量增加；给药4日后，2只雏鸡病死，剩余大部分雏鸡开始正常进食饮水，不再排泄稀粪，精神状态良好，并且羽毛顺滑；给药5日后，除2只雏鸡少量排泄稀粪外，其他雏鸡均恢复良好。
（4）强力霉素中剂量组：给药1日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显回升，食欲也略有改善，小部分雏鸡开始进食；给药2日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显改善，稀粪排泄量和排泄次数有所降低，部分雏鸡开始进食，2只雏鸡病死；给药3日后，5只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡开始在鸡舍内活动，并且进食量有所增加；给药4日后，2只雏鸡病死，剩余大部分雏鸡开始正常进水进食，基本不排泄稀粪，精神状态良好，羽毛变得顺滑；给药5日后，除1只雏鸡进食欲较差且伴以稀粪外，其他雏鸡均恢复良好。
（5）强力霉素低剂量组：给药1日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态有所回升，有少量雏鸡零星进食；给药2日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态进一步改善，小部分雏鸡开始进食，排泄稀粪的情况变化不大，1只雏鸡病死；给药3日后，6只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡开始精神状态有明显改善，进食雏鸡数量也有增加，部分雏鸡开始在鸡舍内活动；给药4日后，2只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡精神恢复良好，排泄稀粪的情况也有明显改善，超过一半雏鸡开始进食；给药5日后，3只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡可以正常进水进食，基本不再排泄稀粪，羽毛变得顺滑；
（6）本发明高剂量组：给药1日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显改善，食欲回升，
部分雏鸡开始进食；给药2日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显改善并开始在鸡舍内活动，超过二分之一的雏鸡开始进食，稀粪排泄量和排泄次数显著减少；给药3日后，3只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡活动欲明显增加，并且积极进食；给药4日后，1只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡开始正常进食进水，基本不再排泄稀粪，精神状态良好且羽毛顺滑；给药5日后，剩余全部雏鸡正常进食进水，精神状态良好，活动欲完全恢复，已无排泄稀粪现象；
（7）本发明中剂量组：给药1日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态有明显改善，食欲也有所改善，约十分之一雏鸡开始进食；给药2日后，1只雏鸡死亡，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显改善并开始在鸡舍内活动，进食雏鸡数量增加，稀粪排泄量和排泄次数也逐渐减少；给药3日后，3只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡精神状态恢复正常，进食积极性增加，活动欲增强；给药4日后，2只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡开始正常进食进水，精神状态良好，基本不再排泄稀粪，精神状态良好；给药5日后，剩余全部雏鸡正常进水进食，精神状态良好，活动欲完全恢复，已无排泄稀粪现象；
（8）本发明低剂量组：给药1日后，大部分雏鸡精神状态见好，小部分雏鸡开始进食；给药2日后，1只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡精神状态明显转好，小部分雏鸡开始在鸡舍内活动，排泄稀粪情况略显减轻；给药3日后，4只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡精神状态显著改善，进食积极性增加，约三分之一的雏鸡开始在鸡舍内活动；给药4日后，2只雏鸡病死，大部分雏鸡能够正常进水进食，精神状态恢复正常，排泄稀粪情况有明显改善；给药5日后，1只雏鸡病死，剩余全部雏鸡正常进水进食，精神状态良好，活动欲进一步增强，有零星排泄稀粪情况；
现将临床治疗效果制成表格如下：
实验结论：
本发明高、中、低剂量组对于雏鸡沙门菌病均有显著的治疗效果，其中本发明的高剂量组对于鸡沙门菌病的治疗有效率为92%，并且在治疗过程中很好的保护了实验雏鸡的食欲，使得实验雏鸡在治疗后很快正常进食并且在后续10天的观察期内，感染雏鸡没有复发显现，生长发育迅速。
本发明采用上述技术方案带来的有益效果是：
本发明为纯天然中药制剂，处方药材来源广泛，并且工艺简单，制作方便。本发明不含抗生素成分，实验雏鸡耐药性低、治疗效果显著，并且能够在治疗过程中使实验雏鸡正常进食，迅速发育。
具体实施方式
所述治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其处方为：
黄连50-150g、黄芩150-250g、黄柏150-250g、白头翁100-200g、秦皮50-150g、地榆50-150g、石榴皮100-200g、马齿苋150-250g、大腹皮150-250g、厚朴50-150g、陈皮150-250g以及甘草150-250g。
所述处方的优选剂量为：黄连100g、黄芩200g、黄柏200g、白头翁150g、秦皮100g、地榆100g、石榴皮150g、马齿苋200g、大腹皮200g、厚朴100g、陈皮200g以及甘草200g。
所述处方的煎制方法为：
步骤一将所述处方中各味药按重量比投入浸泡罐（浸泡罐包括加热装置和内部设置陶质内胆）内，加入50℃温水，水量以没过药材表面5cm为限，恒温浸泡30min；
步骤二将步骤一中的物料转移入药品提取罐，补加水至浸没药材上表面3cm，加热至沸腾后继续沸腾40min；
步骤三待步骤二中物料冷却至80℃，过滤，得到药液；
步骤四将步骤三种的药液转移入浓缩罐，负压、恒温60℃浓缩，得到浓缩药液500ml，过滤浓缩药液，得到澄清药液；
步骤五用饱和Na2CO3溶液调整步骤四所述澄清药液PH值为9，杀菌，低温保存。
以上显示和描述了本发明的主要特征与有益效果。上述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施例，本领域技术人员在不脱离发明精神和范围的前提下，对于本发明的各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其特征在于其处方为：
黄连50-150g、黄芩150-250g、黄柏150-250g、白头翁100-200g、秦皮50-150g、地榆50-150g、石榴皮100-200g、马齿苋150-250g、大腹皮150-250g、厚朴50-150g、陈皮150-250g以及甘草150-250g。
2.根据权利要求1所述治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其特征在于所述处方的优选剂量为：黄连100g、黄芩200g、黄柏200g、白头翁150g、秦皮100g、地榆100g、石榴皮150g、马齿苋200g、大腹皮200g、厚朴100g、陈皮200g以及甘草200g。
3.根据权利要求1、2所述治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其特征在于所述处方的煎制方法为：
步骤一将所述处方中各味药按计量比投入浸泡罐内，加入50℃温水，水量以没过药材表面3-5cm为限，恒温浸泡30min；
步骤二将步骤一中的物料转移入药品提取罐，补加水至浸没药材上表面3cm，加热至沸腾后继续沸腾40min；
步骤三待步骤二中物料冷却至80℃，过滤，得到药液；
步骤四将步骤三所得药液转移入浓缩罐，负压、恒温60℃浓缩，得到浓缩药液500ml，过滤浓缩药液，得到澄清药液；
步骤五调整步骤四所述澄清药液PH值为9，杀菌，低温保存。
4.根据权利要求3所述治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其特征在于所述步骤五中用于调节澄清药液PH值的试剂为饱和Na2CO3溶液。
5.根据权利要求3所述治疗鸡沙门菌病的中药组合物，其特征在于所述浸泡罐包括加热装置和陶质内胆。
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