CN104435595A - 一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物 - Google Patents

一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物 Download PDF

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CN104435595A
CN104435595A CN201410616381.6A CN201410616381A CN104435595A CN 104435595 A CN104435595 A CN 104435595A CN 201410616381 A CN201410616381 A CN 201410616381A CN 104435595 A CN104435595 A CN 104435595A
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占水秀
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其包括龙胆紫、连翘、射干、氯化钠、鱼腥草、金银花、黄柏、蛇床子。本发明的药物其抗真菌的同时，对气单胞菌有一定的抑制能力，可以用于治疗甲鱼白斑病。合理配伍，陈皮、山楂、鱼腥草、金银花、野菊花、黄柏等在抗真菌的同时消除大蒜重味。甘草亦可护肝，防止五倍子等的鞣质伤害肝细胞。制备方法可以提高有效成分提取率，并降低有益物质的流失。大蒜先与陈皮等混合，提前去味。

Description

一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物
技术领域
本发明涉及涉及治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，甲鱼白斑病是一种寄生性真菌病。
背景技术
白斑病是一种寄生性真菌病，《鳖病防治中的科学用药》曾认为其可能有细菌引起，现代研究指出，其致病菌为毛霉菌。文献表明，前人已对白斑病的致病因和常用药作出研究。《常见鳖病的防治技术》介绍了采用食盐和小苏打水外消白斑病的方法，苏打水的疗效有限。《龙胆紫在鳖病防治中的科学应用》介绍了龙胆紫治疗白斑病的用途，单纯一种药物容易导致抗药性。作为专利文献公开的治疗白斑病的药物较少，201210272593.8涉及甲鱼的培育方法，其公开了鱼肝油、VE、VC、复合维生素B，可以促进鳖苗对真菌的抵抗力。
发明内容
本发明提出一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其可以抑制毛霉菌的繁殖，用于甲鱼白斑病，效果显著。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明构造了下述技术方案：
一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠10份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、大蒜9份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、小苏打5份、孔雀石绿2份、维生素C2份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠12份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、大蒜10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、小苏打2份、孔雀石绿2份、维生素C2份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠12份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、小苏打10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、大蒜6份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、维生素C2份、孔雀石绿1份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
将陈皮、山楂以及一半的氯化钠粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；
将鱼腥草、金银花、野菊花、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；
将龙胆紫、连翘、射干、蛇床子、小苏打、苍耳子、菖蒲、贯众、五倍子、甘草、秦皮、孔雀石绿混合，加两倍质量的水，升温至60℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间30min，过滤，得滤液；
混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，加入维生素C、孔雀石绿、维生素E、维生素B2、剩余氯化钠以及4倍质量的水，即制成所述药物。
本发明的药物其抗真菌的同时，对气单胞菌有一定的抑制能力，可以用于治疗甲鱼白斑病。合理配伍，陈皮、山楂、鱼腥草、金银花、野菊花、黄柏等在抗真菌的同时消除大蒜重味。甘草亦可护肝，防止五倍子等的鞣质伤害肝细胞。制备方法可以提高有效成分提取率，并降低有益物质的流失。大蒜先与陈皮等混合，提前去味。
具体实施方式
以下提供若干实施例，并记录其疗效，实施例中未详述的事项参见中药化学领域的常规工艺，详尽的药理作用可参见《中国药典（2010版）》。
实施例一
治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠10份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、大蒜9份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、小苏打5份、孔雀石绿2份、维生素C2份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
实施例二
治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠12份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、大蒜10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、小苏打2份、孔雀石绿2份、维生素C2份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
实施例三
治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠12份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、小苏打10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、大蒜6份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、维生素C2份、孔雀石绿1份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
制备方法包括以下步骤：
将陈皮、山楂以及一半的氯化钠粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；将鱼腥草、金银花、野菊花、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；将龙胆紫、连翘、射干、蛇床子、小苏打、苍耳子、菖蒲、贯众、五倍子、甘草、秦皮、孔雀石绿混合，加两倍质量的水，升温至60℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间30min，过滤，得滤液；混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，加入维生素C、孔雀石绿、维生素E、维生素B2、剩余氯化钠以及4倍质量的水，即制成所述药物。
实验一
试验方法：
1、将养殖场分为等体积（50cm×50cm×40cm）的试验池，根据中药成分标记为30组。每组采用同一水源（湖水或曝气后的自来水），组间无连通。水温20至28℃，pH=6-8。
2、在患病养殖场随机取甲鱼600尾，按20尾/组分置于试验池。每日按甲鱼体重的3-4%投放饵料，8∶00、13∶00、16∶00各投喂一次。每日从底部放去一半水，同时注入水源至60±10cm。
3、每日检查，取出死亡或即将死亡的甲鱼，以免交叉传染，影响试验结果。
试验对比：
根据组名投放不同的中草药煎剂。根据实际存活数，划定各中药成分的单体治疗腐皮病的作用如下表：“+”越多代表疗效越好。
经试验，本发明选中部分药物，同时优化配比。大蒜起到治疗效果，野菊花、金银花、山楂、陈皮等去味。
试验二
试验材料和环境：试验甲鱼来源于江西省都昌市某甲鱼养殖场，总面积约980m2，总鳖数约30000只，2013年，该养殖场的某养殖区出现白斑病，甲鱼零星死亡。甲鱼试验场设在江西省都昌县，距鄱阳湖水域小于10km，环境适宜甲鱼生存。试验时间3月至6月间，养殖30d。
试验方法：
1、将养殖场分为等体积（300cm×300cm×80cm）的五组试验池，分别标记为A实验组、B实验组、C实验组、A对照组、B对照组。每组采用同一水源（湖水或曝气后的自来水），组间无连通。水温20至28℃，pH=6-8。
2、取试验甲鱼500尾，按100尾/组分置于五组试验池。每日按甲鱼体重的3-4%投放鱼料，8∶00、13∶00、16∶00各投喂一次。每日从底部放去一半水，同时注入水源至60±10cm。
3、每日检查，发现疾病症状的（感官评价，统计意义），取出或隔离，以免交叉传染，影响试验结果。
试验对比：
1、建五组300 cm×300 cm×80cm药池，分别标记为A实验组、B实验组、C实验组、A对照组、B对照组。
2、将本发明的药物分别注入A实验组、B实验组、C实验组的药池，深度30±5 cm。小苏打水、食盐水注入A对照组的药池，B对照组仅注入水（或湖水或曝气后的自来水）。
2、每3日将甲鱼取出，对应放入药池中浸泡10至20分钟，每个药池单次仅放入一尾，完毕后回归试验池。
随着养殖时间的推移，试验池内死亡甲鱼尾数如下表：
单一的苏打水、食盐仅作为普通杀菌成分，前期对细菌抑制能力良好，但是后期乏力。本发明的药物前期可以起到一定的抑制效果，后期会起到治疗作用，完全消除白斑病的威胁。大蒜杀菌良药，但是味道重，易伤害甲鱼呼吸系统和神经系统，配伍陈皮和山楂等药物，除去异味。此外，五倍子等对肝脏有伤害，甘草等的护肝作用也是该药方一个益处。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，包括龙胆紫、连翘、射干、氯化钠、鱼腥草、金银花、黄柏、蛇床子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠10份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、大蒜9份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、小苏打5份、孔雀石绿2份、维生素C2份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠12份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、大蒜10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、小苏打2份、孔雀石绿2份、维生素C2份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：龙胆紫12份、连翘12份、射干12份、氯化钠12份、鱼腥草10份、金银花10份、黄柏10份、蛇床子10份、小苏打10份、苍耳子9份、野菊花9份、菖蒲9份、大蒜6份、陈皮6份、山楂6份、贯众6份、五倍子6份、甘草6份、秦皮6份、维生素C2份、孔雀石绿1份、维生素E1份、维生素B21份。
5.一种治疗甲鱼白斑病的药物的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
将陈皮、山楂以及一半的氯化钠粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；
将鱼腥草、金银花、野菊花、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；
将龙胆紫、连翘、射干、蛇床子、小苏打、苍耳子、菖蒲、贯众、五倍子、甘草、秦皮、孔雀石绿混合，加两倍质量的水，升温至60℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间30min，过滤，得滤液；
混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，加入维生素C、孔雀石绿、维生素E、维生素B2、剩余氯化钠以及4倍质量的水，即制成所述药物。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105125629A (zh) * 2015-08-21 2015-12-09 泰兴市和庆机械配件厂 一种鹦鹉鱼白斑病药粉及制备方法
CN107348236A (zh) * 2017-07-20 2017-11-17 通化师范学院 一种防治淡水鲑鱼赤皮病的中草药饲料添加剂及其用途
CN107711699A (zh) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-23 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 一种鳖苗白斑病的预防方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105125629A (zh) * 2015-08-21 2015-12-09 泰兴市和庆机械配件厂 一种鹦鹉鱼白斑病药粉及制备方法
CN107348236A (zh) * 2017-07-20 2017-11-17 通化师范学院 一种防治淡水鲑鱼赤皮病的中草药饲料添加剂及其用途
CN107711699A (zh) * 2017-11-06 2018-02-23 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 一种鳖苗白斑病的预防方法
CN107711699B (zh) * 2017-11-06 2020-10-30 泗县飞虹体育文化发展有限公司 一种鳖苗白斑病的预防方法

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