CN104435634A - 一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物 - Google Patents
一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104435634A CN104435634A CN201410616391.XA CN201410616391A CN104435634A CN 104435634 A CN104435634 A CN 104435634A CN 201410616391 A CN201410616391 A CN 201410616391A CN 104435634 A CN104435634 A CN 104435634A
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- parts
- radix
- herba
- medicine
- rhizoma
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，包括：连翘、甘草、大蒜、五倍子、板蓝根、大黄、金银花、野菊花、秦皮、鱼腥草、毛茛、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏、陈皮、诃子、青蒿、射干、泽泻、当归、天冬乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、天花粉。本发明的中药方可以用于治疗白点病，疗效显著，30d的治愈率达到百分之九十。虽然使用了大蒜等味重材料，但是合理配伍其他药物，达到去味不去疗效的目的。尤其将其与西药抗生素合用，同时添加熟石膏等成分，可以进一步提高疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种兽药，尤其涉及一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物。
背景技术
白点病主要由温和的嗜水气单胞菌引起，与腐皮病的致病菌相同，现有技术经常同药而治，如200910227132.7所述的涉及一种治疗甲鱼白点和腐皮的药物。治疗腐皮病的相关方案可以作为参考。201110262972.4涉及一种预防和治疗鳖腐皮病的配方，其将黄连、甘草、金银花和大黄粉末各2g 混合添加1kg 鳖用饲料中。单一药物的疗效有限，如《鳖病诊断与综合防病》（章剑）已经说明，单一药物的效果不明显，最好集中多种药物的优势，迅速且持久的治疗甲鱼腐皮病。由于白点病与腐皮病的症状不同，也有研究者提出另药治疗的方案，例如，《常见鳖病的防治技术》采用土霉素治疗白点病；《常见鳖病及其防治》采用氟哌酸和链霉素等治疗；200910234046.9公开了鳖白点病预防用方，其由部分西药组成，但是长时间使用抗生素容易使甲鱼产生抗性。
发明内容
本发明提出一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其可以抑制温和嗜水气单胞菌，可治疗白点病，疗效显著。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明构造了下述技术方案：
一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：连翘12份、甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、鱼腥草9份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、陈皮8份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：连翘12份、甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、鱼腥草9份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、陈皮8份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、鱼腥草12份、连翘10份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、陈皮6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、毛茛、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、射干、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；
将陈皮粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；
将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；
混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物的喷洒剂，其特征在于，按质量份数计,由以下成分组成：中草药80份、熟石膏8~10份、醋酸8~10份、磷酸8~10份、氟哌酸1~5份、维生素C4份、土霉素1~5份。
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
制备中药方，加入熟石膏、氟哌酸后，升温至60℃，保持2min，在将至室温，加入醋酸、磷酸、维生素C以及土霉素，混合均匀后即制成所述喷洒剂。
本发明的中药方可以用于治疗白点病，疗效显著，30d的治愈率达到百分之九十。虽然使用了大蒜等味重材料，但是合理配伍其他药物，达到去味不去疗效的目的。尤其将其与西药抗生素合用，同时添加熟石膏等成分，可以进一步提高疗效。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明详述，未尽事项参见药典2010或者水产养殖领域的常规技术知识。
实施例一
治疗甲鱼穿孔病的中药，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、鱼腥草12份、连翘10份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、陈皮6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
制备方法包括以下步骤：取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、毛茛、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、射干、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；将陈皮粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
出品率1g/ml是指1g原材料煎出1ml中药方（水剂）。文火采用医学常规理解，是指指熬药时的火小而缓，一般不得在1min内烧开1L水。
实施例二
治疗甲鱼穿孔病的中药，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：连翘12份、甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、鱼腥草9份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、陈皮8份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。制备方法如实施例一。
实施例三
治疗甲鱼穿孔病的中药，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：连翘12份、甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、鱼腥草9份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、陈皮8份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。制备方法如实施例一。
实施例四
治疗甲鱼穿孔病的喷洒剂，按质量份数计,由以下成分组成：中草药80份、熟石膏8~10份、醋酸8~10份、磷酸8~10份、氟哌酸1~5份、维生素C4份、土霉素1~5份。
制备方法：制备中药方，加入熟石膏、氟哌酸后，升温至60℃，保持2min，在将至室温，加入醋酸、磷酸、维生素C以及土霉素，混合均匀后即制成所述喷洒剂。
实验一
试验方法：
1、将养殖场分为等体积（50cm×50cm×40cm）的试验池，根据中药成分标记为30组。每组采用同一水源（湖水或曝气后的自来水），组间无连通。水温20至28℃，pH=6-8。
2、在患病养殖场随机取甲鱼600尾，按20尾/组分置于试验池。每日按甲鱼体重的3-4%投放饵料，8∶00、13∶00、16∶00各投喂一次。每日从底部放去一半水，同时注入水源至60±10cm。
3、每日检查，取出死亡或即将死亡的甲鱼，以免交叉传染，影响试验结果。
试验对比：
根据组名投放不同的中草药煎剂。根据实际存活数，划定各中药成分的单体治疗腐皮病的作用如下表：“+”越多代表疗效越好。
经试验，本发明选中部分药物，同时优化配比。大蒜起到治疗效果，野菊花、金银花、陈皮等去味。毛茛经提取后，毒副作用小。
试验二
试验材料和环境：试验甲鱼来源于江西省南昌市某甲鱼养殖场，总面积约980m2，总鳖数约30000只，该养殖场出现嗜水气单胞菌，甲鱼零星死亡，删选出穿孔病甲鱼。甲鱼试验场设在江西省都昌县，距鄱阳湖水域小于10km，环境适宜甲鱼生存。试验时间2月至4月间，养殖30d。
试验方法：
1、将养殖场分为等体积（300cm×300cm×80cm）的六组试验池，分别标记为A实验组、B实验组、C实验组、D试验组、A对照组、B对照组（对照组为共同参照组，在其他申请中同时提及）。每组采用同一水源（湖水或曝气后的自来水），组间无连通。水温20至28℃，pH=6-8。
2、在患病养殖场随机取甲鱼600尾，按100尾/组分置于六组试验池。每日按甲鱼体重的3-4%投放饵料，8∶00、13∶00、16∶00各投喂一次。每日从底部放去一半水，同时注入水源至60±10cm。
3、每日检查，取出死亡或即将死亡的甲鱼，以免交叉传染，影响试验结果。
试验对比：
在A实验组、B实验组、C实验组中，投放饵料的同时分别喷洒实施例一至三的中药方，药量浓度50ml/m3。实验组D投放实施例四的喷洒剂，药量浓度50ml/m3。对照组A投放抗生素（土霉素）15g/m3。对照组B不投放药物。
随着养殖时间的推移，试验池内死亡甲鱼尾数如下表：
从实验结果看出，单独使用抗生素，前期对细菌抑制能力良好，但是后期乏力。本发明的药物前期可以起到一定的抑制效果，后期会起到治疗作用，完全消除腐皮病的威胁。同时若配伍少量西药，疗效更为显著。此外，大蒜的浓度不够时，疗效有限，如果大量投放，又会面临伤害甲鱼神经系统的危险，实验组的后期死亡数量少，说明大蒜副作用小。五倍子、诃子等对肝脏有伤害，甘草等的护肝作用也是该药方一个益处。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：连翘12份、甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、鱼腥草9份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、陈皮8份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
2.一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：连翘12份、甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、鱼腥草9份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、陈皮8份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
3.一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草12份、大蒜12份、五倍子12份、板蓝根12份、鱼腥草12份、连翘10份、大黄10份、金银花10份、野菊花10份、秦皮10份、毛茛9份、黄莲9份、黄岑9份、黄柏9份、诃子8份、青蒿8份、射干8份、泽泻8份、当归6份、天冬6份、乌梅6份、陈皮6份、穿山甲6份、泡桐花5份、乌蔹莓5份、白毛藤5份、天花粉5份。
4.一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、毛茛、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、射干、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；
将陈皮粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；
将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；
混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
5.一种治疗气单胞菌引起的白点病的药物的喷洒剂，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：中草药80份、熟石膏8~10份、醋酸8~10份、磷酸8~10份、氟哌酸1~5份、维生素C4份、土霉素1~5份。
6.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
制备中药方，加入熟石膏、氟哌酸后，升温至60℃，保持2min，在将至室温，加入醋酸、磷酸、维生素C以及土霉素，混合均匀后即制成所述喷洒剂。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105169318A (zh) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-23 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 一种治疗银龙鱼白点病的中草药制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105341534A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 防治鹦鹉鱼白点病的饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN107278994A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-24 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | 一种预防鱼类受精卵水霉病方法 |
| CN112656854A (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-04-16 | 集美大学 | 一种防治鱼类内脏白点病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105169318A (zh) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-23 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 一种治疗银龙鱼白点病的中草药制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105341534A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 防治鹦鹉鱼白点病的饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN107278994A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-10-24 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | 一种预防鱼类受精卵水霉病方法 |
| CN112656854A (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-04-16 | 集美大学 | 一种防治鱼类内脏白点病的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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