CN104474233A - 用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104474233A CN104474233A CN201410609548.6A CN201410609548A CN104474233A CN 104474233 A CN104474233 A CN 104474233A CN 201410609548 A CN201410609548 A CN 201410609548A CN 104474233 A CN104474233 A CN 104474233A
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- radix
- herba
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- trionyx sinensis
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，由以下成分组成：甘草、五倍子、大蒜、金银花、野菊花、大黄、秦皮、鱼腥草、山楂、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、陈皮、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、紫花地丁、天花粉。本发明的中药方可以用于治疗腐皮病，疗效显著，无副作用。虽然使用了大蒜等味重材料，但是合理配伍其他药物，达到去味不去疗效的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种兽药，尤其涉及一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的药物。
背景技术
《温室甲鱼腐皮、穿孔病并发症的防治试验》以及《中华鳖腐皮、疖疮、并发症致病菌的病原分离与药敏试验分析》公开了腐皮病的基本症状、病因病理等，其可以作为现有技术治疗腐皮病的依据。200910227132.7涉及一种治疗甲鱼白点和腐皮的药物，包括土霉素、环丙沙星等。长时间使用抗生素容易使甲鱼产生抗性。201010182385.X涉及一种治疗甲鱼腐皮病的方法，其依次按以下步骤进行：将患有腐皮病的甲鱼取出，用青霉素对其进行腹腔注射，注射的剂量按每公斤体重15-20万单位。注射药物使用不便，比较好的方案是将药物撒入池内，同时药物不影响池内的甲鱼生存。201110262972.4涉及一种预防和治疗鳖腐皮病的配方，其将黄连、甘草、金银花和大黄粉末各2g 混合添加1kg 鳖用饲料中。单一药物的疗效有限，如《鳖病诊断与综合防病》（章剑）已经说明，单一药物的效果不明显，最好集中多种药物的优势，迅速且持久的治疗甲鱼腐皮病。但是现有技术没有公开具体的一些复方制剂的治疗方案。
发明内容
本发明提出一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的药物，其可以用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病，效果显著，同时可以提高甲鱼抗细菌能力，尤其是抗气单胞菌的能力。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明构造了下述技术方案：
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、金银花20份、野菊花20份、大黄20份、秦皮20份、鱼腥草20份、山楂18份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、金银花30份、野菊花20份、大黄20份、秦皮20份、鱼腥草20份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、山楂12份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、鱼腥草30份、金银花20份、野菊花20份、秦皮20份、山楂18份、大黄18份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、紫花地丁、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；
将陈皮和山楂粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；
将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；
混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂，其特征在于，按质量份数计,由以下成分组成：中草药100份、小苏打8~10份、醋酸8~10份、磷酸8~10份、氟哌酸1~5份、维生素C4份、土霉素1~5份。
一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
制备中药方，加入小苏打、氟哌酸后，升温至60℃，保持2min，在将至室温，加入醋酸、磷酸以及土霉素，混合均匀后即制成所述喷洒剂。
本发明的中药方可以用于治疗腐皮病，疗效显著，无副作用。虽然使用了大蒜等味重材料，但是合理配伍其他药物，达到去味不去疗效的目的。尤其将其与西药抗生素合用，同时添加小苏打等成分，可以进一步提高疗效。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明详述，未尽事项参见药典2010或者水产养殖领域的常规技术知识。
实施例一
用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、金银花20份、野菊花20份、大黄20份、秦皮20份、鱼腥草20份、山楂18份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
制备方法如下：取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、紫花地丁、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；将陈皮和山楂粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
出品率1g/ml是指1g原材料煎出1ml中药方（水剂）。文火采用医学常规理解，是指指熬药时的火小而缓，一般不得在1min内烧开1L水。
实施例二
用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、金银花30份、野菊花20份、大黄20份、秦皮20份、鱼腥草20份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、山楂12份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
制备方法如下：取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、紫花地丁、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；将陈皮和山楂粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
实施例三
用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、鱼腥草30份、金银花20份、野菊花20份、秦皮20份、山楂18份、大黄18份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
制备方法如下：取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、紫花地丁、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；将陈皮和山楂粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
实施例四
用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂，按质量份数计,由以下成分组成：实施例三所示中药方100份、小苏打9份、醋酸9份、磷酸9份、氟哌酸3份、维生素C4份、土霉素3份。
制备方法：制备中药方，加入小苏打、氟哌酸后，升温至60℃，保持2min，在将至室温，加入醋酸、磷酸以及维生素C、土霉素，混合均匀后即制成所述喷洒剂。
实验一
试验方法：
1、将养殖场分为等体积（50cm×50cm×40cm）的试验池，根据中药成分标记为30组。每组采用同一水源（湖水或曝气后的自来水），组间无连通。水温20至28℃，pH=6-8。
2、在患病养殖场随机取甲鱼600尾，按20尾/组分置于试验池。每日按甲鱼体重的3-4%投放饵料，8∶00、13∶00、16∶00各投喂一次。每日从底部放去一半水，同时注入水源至60±10cm。
3、每日检查，取出死亡或即将死亡的甲鱼，以免交叉传染，影响试验结果。
试验对比：
根据组名投放不同的中草药煎剂。根据实际存活数，划定各中药成分的单体治疗腐皮病的作用如下表：“+”越多代表疗效越好。
经试验，本发明选中部分药物，同时优化配比。大蒜起到治疗效果，野菊花、金银花、山楂、陈皮等去味。
试验二
试验材料和环境：试验甲鱼来源于江西省南昌市某甲鱼养殖场，总面积约980m2，总鳖数约30000只，该养殖场出现腐皮病，甲鱼零星死亡。甲鱼试验场设在江西省都昌县，距鄱阳湖水域小于10km，环境适宜甲鱼生存。试验时间2月至4月间，养殖30d。
试验方法：
1、将养殖场分为等体积（300cm×300cm×80cm）的六组试验池，分别标记为A实验组、B实验组、C实验组、D试验组、A对照组、B对照组（对照组为共同参照组，在其他申请中同时提及）。每组采用同一水源（湖水或曝气后的自来水），组间无连通。水温20至28℃，pH=6-8。
2、在患病养殖场随机取甲鱼600尾，按100尾/组分置于六组试验池。每日按甲鱼体重的3-4%投放饵料，8∶00、13∶00、16∶00各投喂一次。每日从底部放去一半水，同时注入水源至60±10cm。
3、每日检查，取出死亡或即将死亡的甲鱼，以免交叉传染，影响试验结果。
试验对比：
在A实验组、B实验组、C实验组中，投放饵料的同时分别喷洒实施例一至三的中药方，药量浓度50ml/m3。实验组D投放实施例四的喷洒剂，药量浓度50ml/m3。对照组A投放抗生素（土霉素）15g/m3。对照组B不投放药物。
随着养殖时间的推移，试验池内死亡甲鱼尾数如下表：
腐皮病具有传染性，虽然定时换水并且将已经死亡的甲鱼取出，但是细菌会在水中残留、繁殖，发病前期不易察觉。随着时间的延长，仅换水，不进行药物治疗，甲鱼死亡数量越来越大，危机整个关联养殖区域。单独使用抗生素，前期对细菌抑制能力良好，但是后期乏力。本发明的药物前期可以起到一定的抑制效果，后期会起到治疗作用，完全消除腐皮病的威胁。同时若配伍少量西药，疗效更为显著。此外，大蒜的浓度不够时，疗效有限，如果大量投放，又会面临伤害甲鱼神经系统的危险，实验组的后期死亡数量少，说明大蒜副作用小。五倍子、诃子等对肝脏有伤害，甘草等的护肝作用也是该药方一个益处。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、金银花20份、野菊花20份、大黄20份、秦皮20份、鱼腥草20份、山楂18份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
2.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、金银花30份、野菊花20份、大黄20份、秦皮20份、鱼腥草20份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、山楂12份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
3.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方，其特征在于，按质量份数计，由以下成分组成：甘草30份、五倍子30份、大蒜30份、鱼腥草30份、金银花20份、野菊花20份、秦皮20份、山楂18份、大黄18份、黄莲18份、黄岑18份、黄柏18份、板蓝根18份、泽泻18份、当归12份、陈皮12份、天冬12份、连翘12份、诃子12份、青蒿12份、乌梅12份、穿山甲9份、泡桐花9份、乌蔹莓9份、白毛藤9份、紫花地丁9份、天花粉9份。
4.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的中药方的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
取甘草、五倍子、秦皮、鱼腥草、板蓝根、泽泻、当归、天冬、连翘、诃子、青蒿、乌梅、穿山甲、泡桐花、乌蔹莓、白毛藤、紫花地丁、天花粉，粉碎，加两倍质量的水，升温至50℃，在功率400W、频率2450MHZ下微波法提取，提取时间20min，过滤，得滤液；
将陈皮和山楂粉碎，加入2倍质量的水，文火煎2h，取汁，大蒜粉碎，加入药汁中，得大蒜混合液；
将大黄、野菊花、金银花、黄莲、黄岑、黄柏混合，在80℃水浴中，用10倍量的体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取滤液2次，每次2h，合并两次提取液；
混合滤液、大蒜混合液以及提取液，文火煎煮，直至出品率为1g/ml，即制成所述中药方。
5.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂，其特征在于，按质量份数计,由以下成分组成：中草药100份、小苏打8~10份、醋酸8~10份、磷酸8~10份、氟哌酸1~5份、维生素C4份、土霉素1~5份。
6.一种用于治疗甲鱼腐皮病的喷洒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
制备中药方，加入小苏打、氟哌酸后，升温至60℃，保持2min，在将至室温，加入醋酸、磷酸以及土霉素，混合均匀后即制成所述喷洒剂。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104857175A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 石东秀 | 一种治疗金钱龟腐皮病的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105288303A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 防治赤点石斑鱼溃烂病的复方制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105288302A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 防治赤点石斑鱼溃烂病的饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105920377A (zh) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-09-07 | 湖北文理学院 | 一种用于防治甲鱼腐皮病饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104857175A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 石东秀 | 一种治疗金钱龟腐皮病的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105920377A (zh) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-09-07 | 湖北文理学院 | 一种用于防治甲鱼腐皮病饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105288303A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 防治赤点石斑鱼溃烂病的复方制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN105288302A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | 防治赤点石斑鱼溃烂病的饲料添加剂及其制备方法 |
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