CN113897318B - Method for degrading protein by co-culturing acidophilic acid-producing protein bacterium and geobacillus thioreductase - Google Patents

Method for degrading protein by co-culturing acidophilic acid-producing protein bacterium and geobacillus thioreductase Download PDF

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CN113897318B
CN113897318B CN202111278813.3A CN202111278813A CN113897318B CN 113897318 B CN113897318 B CN 113897318B CN 202111278813 A CN202111278813 A CN 202111278813A CN 113897318 B CN113897318 B CN 113897318B
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刘倩
陈加娇
林辉
吕斯濠
杨立辉
郭膘虎
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Dongguan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophilic bacteria and geobacillus thioreductase, which comprises the following specific steps: s1, inoculating acetoacidophilic bacteria in a culture solution, and inoculating geobacillus thioreducens; s2 protein degradation effect: the degradation effect of the protein with different mixed bacteria days and different inoculation ratios is observed, and the result shows that: co-culture of the two bacteria is far superior to the degradation effect of protein by pure culture of acetoacidophilic bacteria; the acidophilic acetoacidophile and the geobacillus thioreductase are inoculated according to the proportion of 1:4, the protein degradation rate of a co-culture system of the acidophilic acetophile which grows for 2 days and then the geobacillus thioreductase is inoculated is highest, the degraded acidophilic acetophile is a protein degradation bacterium, acetic acid can be generated, the acetic acid can be used as a substrate of the geobacillus thioreductase, and compared with other protein degradation bacteria, the mixed system can degrade more proteins, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Method for degrading protein by co-culturing acidophilic acid-producing protein bacterium and geobacillus thioreductase
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microorganisms, in particular to a method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophilic bacteria and geobacillus thioreducens.
Background
Acetoacidophilic bacteria (Proteiniphilum acetatigenes TB 107T) are gram-negative, anaerobic protein degrading bacteria, which were originally isolated from granular sludge from the treatment of beer waste water, and which are capable of degrading yeast extracts, peptones, pyruvic acid and other complex substrates to produce volatile fatty acid acetic acid and the like, while geobacillus thioreductase (Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA) is also an anaerobic bacteria and can use acetic acid, propionic acid and the like as substrates.
Along with the large-scale increase of the number of sewage treatment plants, a large amount of domestic sewage and a large amount of sludge are generated, and besides a large amount of pollutants, a large amount of protein is contained in the sewage and the sludge, and the wastewater is rich in a large amount of protein resources, amino acids and growth factors, and because of the difficulty in resource recovery, the random discharge of the high-protein wastewater not only wastes resources, but also can cause a certain damage to the ecological environment, so that the resources are fully recovered and degraded.
The current methods for recovering and degrading proteins in sewage and sludge include protein extraction, degradation and differentiation treatment and direct degradation of proteins in sewage and sludge, such as thermal acid hydrolysis, thermal alkali hydrolysis and wet oxygen hydrolysis in chemical hydrolysis; ultrasonic methods among physical methods; biological processes such as enzymatic hydrolysis; the combined method comprises the steps of treating sludge by an alkaline low-temperature hydrolysis method, crushing biological cell walls, releasing protein, and refining filtrate by macroporous exchange resin to obtain a higher degradable protein solution, wherein the combined method comprises an ultrasonic combined enzyme method, an ultrasonic combined acid method and the like, such as a Chinese patent document CN 109400671A; however, the methods have the disadvantages of complex treatment, high cost, unstable treatment effect and long operation time, and waste of a large amount of precious nutrients just by removing the components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acidophilic acetate and geobacillus thioreductase, which solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, inoculating acetoacidophilic bacteria in a culture solution, and inoculating geobacillus thioreducens;
s2: taking bacterial liquid, centrifuging at high speed for 8min, filtering the supernatant after centrifugation by a filter membrane, adding BCA working solution and water into the filtered supernatant, standing at 37 ℃ for 20min, and measuring the absorbance of a sample at 562 nm.
Further, the preparation method of the culture solution comprises the following steps:
a: adding polypeptone, yeast extract, tryptone, glucose, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, vitamin solution and microelement solution into water;
b: heating in water bath to dissolve, and adjusting pH to 6.9-7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution;
c: introducing mixed gas nitrogen and hydrogen, aerating for 20min, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min, and irradiating with ultraviolet to obtain the culture solution.
Further, the inoculation ratio of the acetophilic bacteria to the geobacillus thioreductase in the step S1 is (1-4): (1-8).
Further, the inoculation time interval of the acetoacidophile and the geobacillus thioreductase in the step S1 is 0-3 days.
5. The method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophile and geobacillus thioreductase according to claim 1, wherein: the inoculation amount of the mixed bacteria liquid of the acetoacidophilic bacteria and the geobacillus thioreductase is 3-6%, the culture temperature is 34 ℃, and the culture time is 7-9 days.
Further, the materials required for the culture solution include: 2.5-3g/L of polypeptone, 5.0-6g/L of yeast extract, 2.5-3g/L of tryptone, 10.0-12g/L of glucose, 1.5-3g/L of ammonium chloride, 0.024-0.2g/L of calcium chloride, 0.1-0.3g/L of potassium chloride, 0.64-0.8g/L of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04-0.1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5-8mL of vitamin liquid, 5-8mL of trace element liquid and water to a constant volume of 1L.
Further, the materials required for the vitamin liquid include: 2-5mg of biotin, 2-5mg of folic acid, 10-15mg of vitamin B6 pyridoxine-hydrochloric acid, 5-8mg of thiamine-hydrochloric acid, 5-8mg of riboflavin, 35-8mg of vitamin B, 5-8mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.1-0.3mg of vitamin B, 5-8mg of para-aminobenzoic acid, 5-8mg of lipoic acid and water to fix the volume to 1L.
Further, the materials required by the trace element liquid comprise: 1.5-3g of nitrilotriacetic acid, 3-5g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5-1g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-3g of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.3g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1-0.3g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate, 0.76-1g of calcium chloride, 0.1-0.3g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.01-0.05g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.02-0.05g of aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01-0.03g of boric acid, 0.01-0.03g of sodium molybdate and water to a constant volume of 1L.
Further, the acetoacidophilic bacteria belong to the genus Proteus.
Further, the geobacillus thioreductase belongs to a species of geobacillus.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the first, the degradation protein of the microorganism of the invention can be carried out under mild condition, which can avoid the disadvantages of pollution, high energy consumption and complex operation caused by the physical and chemical method for processing protein.
The second, the bacterial strain used in the invention belongs to anaerobic mode fungus, compared with other anaerobic bacteria, the invention can degrade protein better, because the anaerobic incubator is not needed to be degraded, the operation is simple and convenient.
Thirdly, the invention mixes bacteria under anaerobic condition to promote degradation of protein, the efficiency is high, the period is short, under the condition that pure bacteria acetoacidophilic bacteria can degrade protein, the produced acetic acid can be utilized by the geobacillus thioreductase, thereby reducing adverse effect of product accumulation on bacterial growth, opening up a new way for treating protein in sewage, thereby providing a new way for realizing recycling treatment of protein waste water, and simultaneously the invention has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in operation, low cost, short treatment time and the like.
Fourth, the invention researches the sequence of inoculation of bacterial liquid and the influence of time on protein degradation, firstly, acetoacidophilic bacteria can convert protein into acetic acid, and geobacillus thioreductase can take acetic acid molecules as substrates to carry out growth metabolism of the acetoacidophilic bacteria, so that the acetoacidophilic bacteria are inoculated to carry out growth metabolism of the acetoacidophilic bacteria and then to inoculate geobacillus thioreductase, and meanwhile, the orthorhombic experiment shows that the acetoacidophilic bacteria and the geobacillus thioreductase are inoculated simultaneously, and the protein degradation effect is not good when the acetoacidophilic bacteria are inoculated for 2-3 days and then the geobacillus thioreductase is inoculated.
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The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the degradation of the proteins of examples A1-A4 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 2 shows the degradation of the proteins of examples B1-B4 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 3 shows the growth of the mixed bacterial solutions of examples B1-B4 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 4 shows the acetic acid utilization of the mixed bacterial solutions of examples B1 to B4 and comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Take example A1 as an example:
s1, co-culturing two bacteria:
a: preparing a culture solution: adding 500mL distilled water into 1L triangular flask, adding 2.5g/L polypeptone, 5.0g/L yeast extract, 2.5g/L tryptone, 10.0g/L glucose, 1.5g/L ammonium chloride, 0.024g/L calcium chloride, 0.1g/L potassium chloride, 0.64g/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5mL vitamin solution and 5mL trace element solution respectively, adding pure water to 1L, heating in water bath to dissolve, dripping NaOH to adjust pH to 6.9, packaging into a fine-mouth bottle, inserting an aeration needle into the fine-mouth bottle, and introducing 80% N 2 And 20% H 2 Aerating the mixed gas for 20min, rapidly covering the rubber stopper, placing the fine-mouth bottle in an autoclave, sterilizing for 20min at 121 ℃, and then transferring to an ultra-clean bench for ultraviolet irradiation for standby;
b: inoculating: firstly inoculating acetoacidophilic bacteria, then inoculating geobacillus thioreductase, wherein the inoculation ratio of acetoacidophilic bacteria to geobacillus thioreductase is 1:4, and co-culturing for 8 days, and the inoculation amount is 5%;
s2: protein degradation effect:
taking 1mL of bacterial liquid at the same time every day with 8 days as a period, centrifuging for 8min at 10000r/min, filtering the supernatant obtained after centrifugation through a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane of 0.22 mu m, taking 200 mu L of a working solution of 20 mu L, BCA (a BCA protein concentration measuring kit manufactured by Feishmania Biotechnology Co., ltd.) of the filtered supernatant, adding water to a volume of 2.2mL, standing the prepared sample at 37 ℃ for 20min, measuring the absorbance of the sample at 562nm wavelength by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and taking the culture solution of unvaccinated acetoacidophilus and Geobacillus thiofide as a blank group.
The preparation method of the vitamin liquid comprises the following steps: 2.00mg of biotin, 2.00mg of folic acid, 10.00mg of vitamin B6 pyridoxine-hydrochloride, 5.00mg of thiamine-hydrochloride, 5.00mg of riboflavin and vitamin B 3 5.00mg, 5.00mg of D-calcium pantothenate and vitamin B 12 After 0.100mg, 5.00mg of p-aminobenzoic acid and 5.00mg of lipoic acid are uniformly mixed, water is used for constant volume to 1L.
The trace element liquid preparation method comprises the following steps: 1.50g of nitrilotriacetic acid, 3.00g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.50g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.00g of sodium chloride, 0.10g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate, 0.76g of calcium chloride, 0.10g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.01g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.02g of aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g of boric acid and 0.01g of sodium molybdate are uniformly mixed, and water is used for constant volume to 1L.
Examples A1 to A4: according to the replacement of the inoculation time in example A1, specific data are shown in Table 1, and the protein degradation rate of the mixed bacterial liquid is detected, and specific data are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 inoculation time of the mixed bacterial solutions of examples A1 to A4
A1 A2 A3 A4
Inoculation time 0 1 2 3
Comparative example 1: in contrast to example 1, the culture broth was inoculated with a proteophilic acetogenic bacterium.
TABLE 2 influence of different inoculation times on protein degradation rate in examples A1-A4
Take example B1 as an example:
s1, co-culturing two bacteria:
a: preparing a culture solution: 500mL of distilled water is firstly added into a 1L triangular flask, and 2.5g/L of polypeptone, 5.0g/L of yeast extract, 2.5g/L of tryptone and 10g of glucose are respectively added.0g/L, 1.5g/L of ammonium chloride, 0.024g/L of calcium chloride, 0.1g/L of potassium chloride, 0.64g/L of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5mL of vitamin liquid and 5mL of trace element liquid, then adding pure water to fix the volume to 1L, heating in a water bath until the mixture is dissolved, dripping NaOH to adjust the pH value to 7.0, then filling the mixture into a fine-mouth bottle, inserting an aeration needle into the fine-mouth bottle, and introducing 80 percent of N 2 And 20% H 2 Aerating the mixed gas for 20min, rapidly covering the rubber stopper, placing the fine-mouth bottle in an autoclave, sterilizing for 20min at 121 ℃, and then transferring to an ultra-clean bench for ultraviolet irradiation for standby;
b: inoculating: firstly inoculating acetoacidophil, inoculating the geobacillus thioreductase after 2 days, and co-culturing for 8 days, wherein the inoculum size is 5%;
s2: protein degradation effect:
taking 1mL of bacterial liquid at the same time every day with 8 days as a period, centrifuging for 8min at 10000r/min, filtering the supernatant obtained after centrifugation through a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane of 0.22 mu m, taking 200 mu L of a working solution of 20 mu L, BCA (a BCA protein concentration measuring kit manufactured by Feishmania Biotechnology Co., ltd.) of the filtered supernatant, adding water to a volume of 2.2mL, standing the prepared sample at 37 ℃ for 20min, measuring the absorbance of the sample at 562nm wavelength by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and taking the culture solution of unvaccinated acetoacidophilus and Geobacillus thiofide as a blank group.
The preparation method of the vitamin liquid comprises the following steps: after 2.00mg of biotin, 2.00mg of folic acid, 10.00mg of vitamin B6 pyridoxine-hydrochloric acid, 5.00mg of thiamine-hydrochloric acid, 5.00mg of riboflavin, 5.00mg of vitamin B3, 5.00mg of D-calcium pantothenate, 0.100mg of vitamin B12, 5.00mg of para-aminobenzoic acid and 5.00mg of lipoic acid are uniformly mixed, the volume is fixed to 1L by water.
The trace element liquid preparation method comprises the following steps: 1.50g of nitrilotriacetic acid, 3.00g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.50g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.00g of sodium chloride, 0.10g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate, 0.76g of calcium chloride, 0.10g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.01g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.02g of aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01g of boric acid and 0.01g of sodium molybdate are uniformly mixed, and water is used for constant volume to 1L.
Examples B1 to B4: according to the replacement of the inoculation ratio in example B1, specific data are shown in Table 3, and the protein degradation rate of the mixed bacterial liquid is detected, and specific data are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 3 inoculation ratio of the mixed bacterial solutions of examples B1 to B4
Comparative example 2: in contrast to example 2, the culture broth was inoculated with acetoacidophil.
TABLE 4 influence of different inoculation ratios on protein degradation rate in examples B1-B4
Experimental data
Mixed culture growth (OD 600): the absorbance (blank, unvaccinated bacterial broth) was measured at 600nm by taking 2mL of the bacterial broth, once a day.
Acetic acid utilization: taking 1mL of bacterial liquid, centrifuging for 8min at 10000r/min and room temperature, filtering the supernatant obtained after centrifugation through a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane with the thickness of 0.22 mu m, taking 0.1mL of filtered supernatant, adding 0.9mL of methanol, centrifuging for 5min at 10000r/min and room temperature, taking 0.15mL of supernatant, adding pure water, diluting by 10 times, obtaining a solution which is a sample solution, and entering ion chromatography for analysis and detection, wherein the culture solution without bacteria inoculated is used as a blank, and the sample of the blank solution is treated in the same way.
TABLE 5 influence of different inoculation times on protein degradation rate in examples A1-A4
TABLE 6 influence of different inoculation ratios on protein degradation rate in examples B1-B4
TABLE 7 results of OD600 experiments for examples B1-B4, comparative example 2
B1 B2 B3 B4 Comparative example 2
0d 0 0 0 0 0
1d 0 0 0 0 0
2d 0.078 0.078 0.078 0.078 0.06
3d 0.268 0.281 0.36 0.282 0.139
4d 0.302 0.407 0.361 0.285 0.232
5d 0.277 0.371 0.327 0.277 0.275
6d 0.272 0.371 0.319 0.277 0.254
7d 0.262 0.323 0.327 0.251 0.251
8d 0.270 0.338 0.274 0.312 0.217
TABLE 8 acetic acid utilization for examples B1-B4, comparative example 2
Conclusion: as can be seen from tables 2 and 4, the protein degradation rate of the sulfur-reduced geobacillus inoculated at different inoculation times and different inoculation ratios is higher than that of the control group, the protein degradation rate is highest when the sulfur-reduced geobacillus is inoculated after the acidophilic acetoacidophile is inoculated for 2 days, the inoculation ratio is 1:4, the protein degradation rate is accelerated after the sulfur-reduced geobacillus is inoculated, the mixed culture is more beneficial to protein degradation, the biomass of the mixed culture is higher than that of the comparative example 2, the mixed bacteria growth condition is best when the biomass of the mixed culture is 1:4, the bacterial growth condition and the protein degradation rate are in a positive relation, the acetic acid content of the comparative example 2 is in an ascending trend and is finally higher than that of the mixed bacteria, the acetic acid concentration in the mixed bacteria is relatively close to that of the acetic acid under different inoculation ratios, the acetic acid content is obviously reduced after the sulfur-reduced geobacillus is added, and the change condition of the acetic acid and the protein degradation rate do not form a positive-negative relation.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The method for degrading protein by co-culturing acetoacidophilic bacteria and geobacillus thioreductase is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating acetoacidophilic bacteria in the culture solution, and inoculating geobacillus thioreductase;
s2: taking bacterial liquid, centrifuging at high speed for 8min, filtering the supernatant after centrifugation by a filter membrane, adding BCA working solution and water into the supernatant after filtration, standing at 37 ℃ for 20min, and measuring the absorbance of a sample at 562 nm;
the preparation method of the culture solution comprises the following steps: a: adding polypeptone, yeast extract, tryptone, glucose, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, vitamin solution and microelement solution into water; b: heating in water bath to dissolve, and adjusting pH to 6.9-7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution; c: introducing mixed gas nitrogen and hydrogen, aerating for 20min, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 20min, and irradiating with ultraviolet to obtain a culture solution;
the inoculation proportion of the acetic acid protein-philic bacteria to the geobacillus thioreductase in the step S1 is (1-4): (1-8);
the inoculation time interval of the acetoacidophile and the geobacillus thioreductase in the step S1 is 1-3 days.
2. The method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophile and geobacillus thioreductase according to claim 1, wherein: the inoculation amount of the mixed bacteria liquid of the acetoacidophilic bacteria and the geobacillus thioreductase is 3-6%, the culture temperature is 34 ℃, and the culture time is 7-9 days.
3. The method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophile and geobacillus thioreductase according to claim 1, wherein: the culture solution comprises the following materials: 2.5-3g/L of polypeptone, 5.0-6g/L of yeast extract, 2.5-3g/L of tryptone, 10.0-12g/L of glucose, 1.5-3g/L of ammonium chloride, 0.024-0.2g/L of calcium chloride, 0.1-0.3g/L of potassium chloride, 0.64-0.8g/L of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.04-0.1g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5-8mL of vitamin liquid, 5-8mL of trace element liquid and water to a constant volume of 1L.
4. The method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophile and geobacillus thioreductase according to claim 1, wherein: the vitamin liquid comprises the following materials: biotin 2-5mg, folic acid 2-5mg and vitamin B 6 Pyridoxine-hydrochloric acid 10-15mg, thiamine-hydrochloric acid 5-8mg, riboflavin 5-8mg, vitamin B 3 5-8mg, 5-8mg of D-calcium pantothenate and vitamin B 12 0.1-0.3mg, 5-8mg of p-aminobenzoic acid, 5-8mg of lipoic acid and water to constant volume of 1L。
5. The method for degrading proteins by co-culturing acetoacidophile and geobacillus thioreductase according to claim 1, wherein: the microelement liquid comprises the following materials: 1.5-3g of nitrilotriacetic acid, 3-5g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5-1g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-3g of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.3g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1-0.3g of cobalt chloride hexahydrate, 0.76-1g of calcium chloride, 0.1-0.3g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.01-0.05g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.02-0.05g of aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate, 0.01-0.03g of boric acid, 0.01-0.03g of sodium molybdate and water to a constant volume of 1L.
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