CN113892561A - Slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry, which comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive; isolating plant essential oil components from the air by a single layer coating of the plant essential oil to avoid oxidation; the loss rate of plant essential oil components can be reduced, after the feed additive is placed in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours, the loss rate of cinnamaldehyde is 3.11% -3.91%, the loss rate of carvacrol is 3.09% -3.92%, and the loss rate of thymol is 3.82% -4.58%; after the feed additive is used for breeding sows of 26 days old for 30 days, the weight gain rate can reach 16.88-20.31%, the survival rate can reach 100%, and diarrhea books can be reduced to 0-2.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the formal declaration of China starting from 2020 and 7 months, the use of antibiotics in commercial feeds is completely prohibited, and a substitute scheme is urgently needed to be found in livestock and poultry breeding to prevent a series of pathological changes caused by bacterial infection, and green resistance replacement can be realized, which is important. The organic acid is one of the most potential anti-substance, has the function of resisting colibacillus, salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria, and can improve the production performance and feed coefficient of the cultured objects, so that the current products of the organic acid in the livestock and poultry feed are mostly simple superposition and mixing of a plurality of organic acids and inorganic acids.
However, the acidifier is released too fast in the stomach to inhibit gastric secretion and normal development of gastric function, harmful flora in the intestinal tract is centralized, unpredictable influence is brought to a breeding object, and in addition, the acidifier also has certain influence on the mildew-proof effect of a feed finished product; although some compound feed additives exist at present, the adverse effect on a culture object can be reduced by coating organic acid, but the process is complex and the targeted slow release cannot be realized.
Patent CN111493233A discloses a compound feed additive for promoting growth of weaned pigs, which can replace antibiotics, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the additive comprises organic acid, enteric-coated plant essential oil particles and a carrier, and the mass ratio of the organic acid to the enteric-coated plant essential oil particles to the carrier is 65-78:1-4: 20-35. Wherein the organic acid comprises benzoic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid and fumaric acid, the essential oil in the enteric-coated plant essential oil coated particles comprises one or more of cinnamon oil, thymol, carvacrol and oregano oil, and the carrier is white carbon black; the patent has the following defects: two coating processes are required, the process is complex, and targeted slow release cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry, which adopts a combination form of lignosulfonate, organic acid, plant polyphenol and microencapsulated plant essential oil, utilizes the solvation effect of lignosulfonate, small molecular acid and plant polyphenol to solve the problem that the organic acid is released too fast in the digestive tract, realizes the aim of gastrointestinal targeted slow release, achieves the aims of inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and improving the balance of intestinal flora, can reduce diarrhea, effectively prevents feed finished product mildew, and promotes the healthy growth of pigs and poultry.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive.
The microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cinnamaldehyde to the carvacrol to the thymol is 1-3:1-3: 0.5.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the cinnamaldehyde to the carvacrol to the thymol is 2:2: 0.5.
The preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing polyacrylic resin No. 1, Arabic gum, an anti-sticking agent, talcum powder, a plasticizer, polyvinylpyrrolidone and titanium dioxide, and adding water to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid.
Wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin No. 1, the Arabic gum, the antisticking agent, the talcum powder, the plasticizer, the polyvinylpyrrolidone, the titanium dioxide and the water is 16:16:0.04:4-5:1-1.5:0.4-0.5:0.6-0.7: 60-62.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin No. 1, the Arabic gum, the antisticking agent, the talcum powder, the plasticizer, the polyvinylpyrrolidone, the titanium dioxide and the water is 16:16:0.04:4:1.5:0.4:0.6: 61.46.
The polyacrylic resin No. 1 is a mixture of methacrylic acid and polyethylacrylate, wherein the mass ratio of the methacrylic acid to the polyethylacrylate is 1: 0.9-1.1.
The antisticking agent is magnesium stearate.
The plasticizer is a water-soluble plasticizer.
Preferably, the water-soluble plasticizer is one or more of glycerol, propylene glycol and polyglyceryl fatty acid ester.
The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, homogenizing and emulsifying a coating solution of the microencapsulated plant essential oil and a capsule core solution of the microencapsulated plant essential oil according to a mass ratio of 6-7:3-4, then carrying out high-temperature pressure spray granulation on the prepared high-temperature emulsion, and screening the obtained product through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil.
Preferably, the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating solution and the microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core solution are homogenized and emulsified according to the mass ratio of 7:3, then the prepared high-temperature emulsion is subjected to high-temperature pressure spray granulation, and after discharging, the material is sieved by a 20-mesh sieve, so that the microencapsulated plant essential oil is obtained.
The time of the homogenizing emulsification is 25-35min, the rotating speed of the homogenizing emulsification machine is 1250-.
The pressure of the spray granulation is controlled to be 0.8-1.5MP, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 170-190 ℃ and the air outlet temperature is controlled to be 80-100 ℃.
Preferably, the pressure in the spray granulation process is controlled to be 1.5MP, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 190 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃.
The preparation of the mixed acid comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in mixed liquid of formic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, homogenizing and stirring, and filtering the prepared liquid to remove residues to obtain the mixed acid.
The time of the homogenizing and stirring is 1.5-2.5min, and the rotating speed of the homogenizing and emulsifying machine is 130-140 r/min.
Wherein the mass ratio of the plant polyphenol to the lignosulfonic acid to the vanillin to the formic acid to the propionic acid to the lactic acid is 2-6:2-6:0.05-0.15:30-60:20-50: 10.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the plant polyphenol to the lignosulfonate to the vanillin to the formic acid to the propionic acid to the lactic acid is 6:2:0.05:40:40: 10.
The preparation method comprises the steps of fully adsorbing mixed acid by silicon dioxide, carrying out primary homogenizing stirring, adding the microencapsulated plant essential oil, carrying out secondary homogenizing stirring to obtain mixed particles, sieving by a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
The time of the primary homogenizing and stirring is 3.5-4.5min, and the rotating speed of the homogenizer in the primary homogenizing and stirring is 130-140 r/min.
The time of the second homogenizing and stirring is 1.5-2.5min, and the rotating speed of the homogenizer in the second homogenizing and stirring is 130-140 r/min.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the silicon dioxide to the microencapsulated plant essential oil is 5.5-6.9: 3-4.4: 0.1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the silicon dioxide to the microencapsulated plant essential oil is 6.9:3: 0.1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the plant essential oil components are isolated from the air and are prevented from being oxidized by coating the plant essential oil in a single layer.
(2) According to the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry, the slow-release coating layer used for coating comprises the polyacrylic resin No. 1 material and the Arabic gum material, the slow-release feed additive is safe and environment-friendly, the rest components are the anti-sticking agent, the plasticizer, the dispersing agent and the like, the weight of a finished product is increased by 1.8% -2.9% through the coating layer, the slow release and blocking purposes are achieved, the volatilization loss of plant essential oil components is effectively avoided, and the slow release effect at a target position of a gastrointestinal tract is realized.
(3) The slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry utilizes the solvation effect of lignosulfonate, organic acid components and plant polyphenol, and combines the two effective components of the organic acid components and the plant polyphenol in an embedded manner to form a spherical molecular slow-release structure, so that the effective slow-release function of the compound organic acid can be realized by avoiding secondary coating, and the process is simpler.
(4) The slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry can improve the stability and safety of small molecular acid, and has synergistic effect with microencapsulated plant essential oil, so as to realize bacteriostasis, sterilization, regulation of intestinal flora balance, enhancement of organism immunity and disease resistance of cultured objects and promotion of healthy growth of the cultured objects.
(5) The slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry has the advantages of no pollution, no residue, no side effect, safety and environmental protection, effectively prevents the complications of diarrhea, slow growth and the like caused by pathogenic bacteria outbreak and other factors in the pig and poultry breeding replacement process, and can be used as an optimization selection in a pig and poultry breeding replacement scheme.
(6) The slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry can reduce the loss rate of plant essential oil components by coating the plant essential oil in a single layer, and after the feed additive is placed in a 60 ℃ oven for 24 hours, the loss rate of cinnamaldehyde is 3.11% -3.91%, the loss rate of carvacrol is 3.09% -3.92%, and the loss rate of thymol is 3.82% -4.58%.
(7) The slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry can improve the weight gain rate and the survival rate in pig and poultry breeding and reduce the diarrhea number and the feed conversion rate, after the feed additive is used for breeding sows at the age of 26 days for 30 days, the weight gain rate can reach 16.88 to 20.31 percent, the survival rate can reach 100 percent, and diarrhea books can be reduced to 0 to 2 heads; after the feed additive is used for breeding the Ross308 broiler chickens of 1 day old for 44 days, the net weight gain can reach 2.98-3.18kg, the survival rate can reach 96.93-98.97%, and the feed conversion rate can be reduced to 1.38-1.43.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described.
Example 1
A preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive.
The microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 1:3: 0.5.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 16 parts by mass of polyacrylic resin No. 1 (methacrylic acid: polyethylacrylate =1: 1), 16 parts by mass of Arabic gum, 0.04 part by mass of antisticking agent magnesium stearate, 4 parts by mass of talcum powder, 1 part by mass of plasticizer (glycerol: polyglycerol fatty acid ester =2: 1), 0.5 part by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.7 part by mass of titanium dioxide, and adding water to 100 parts by mass to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid.
The microencapsulated plant essential oil is prepared by homogenizing and emulsifying a coating liquid of the microencapsulated plant essential oil and a capsule core liquid of the microencapsulated plant essential oil according to a mass ratio of 6:4 at a rotating speed of 1300 r/min for 30 min, controlling the temperature during emulsification to be between 32 +/-2 ℃, and performing high-temperature pressure spray granulation on the prepared high-temperature emulsion, wherein the pressure during spray granulation is controlled to be 1.5MPa, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 190 ℃, the air outlet temperature is controlled to be 80 ℃, and discharging materials are sieved by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil.
The preparation of the mixed acid comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in mixed liquid of formic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, homogenizing and stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, and filtering and removing residues from the prepared liquid to obtain the mixed acid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol, the lignosulfonic acid, the vanillin, the formic acid, the propionic acid and the lactic acid is 2:6:0.15:30:50: 10.
The preparation method comprises the steps of fully adsorbing and mixing the acid by silicon dioxide, then carrying out homogenizing stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, then adding the microencapsulated plant essential oil, carrying out homogenizing stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving by a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the total amount of the mixed acid, the silicon dioxide and the microencapsulated plant essential oil is 5.5:4.4: 0.1.
Example 2
A preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive.
The microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 2:2: 0.5.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 16 parts by mass of polyacrylic resin No. 1 (methacrylic acid: polyethylacrylate =1: 1), 16 parts by mass of Arabic gum, 0.04 part by mass of an anti-sticking agent magnesium stearate, 4 parts by mass of talcum powder, 1.5 parts by mass of a plasticizer (glycerol: polyglycerol fatty acid ester =2: 1), 0.4 part by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.6 part by mass of titanium dioxide, and adding water to 100 parts by mass to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated plant essential oil comprises the steps of homogenizing and emulsifying a coating solution and an essential oil capsule core solution according to a mass ratio of 7:3 at a rotating speed of 1300 r/min for 30 min, controlling the temperature during emulsification to be 32 +/-2 ℃, and carrying out high-temperature pressure spray granulation on the prepared high-temperature emulsion, wherein the pressure of spray granulation is controlled to be 1.5MPa, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 180 ℃, the air outlet temperature is controlled to be 100 ℃, and after discharging, sieving by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil.
The preparation of the mixed acid comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in mixed liquid of formic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, homogenizing and stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, and filtering and removing residues from the prepared liquid to obtain the mixed acid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol, the lignosulfonic acid, the vanillin, the formic acid, the propionic acid and the lactic acid is 6:2:0.05:40:40: 10;
the preparation method comprises the steps of fully adsorbing mixed acid by silicon dioxide, then uniformly stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, then adding microencapsulated plant essential oil, then uniformly stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving by a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the total amount of the mixed acid, the silicon dioxide and the microencapsulated plant essential oil is 6.9:3: 0.1;
example 3
A preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive.
The microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 3:1: 0.5.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 16 parts by mass of polyacrylic resin No. 1 (methacrylic acid: polyethylacrylate =1: 1), 16 parts by mass of Arabic gum, 0.04 part by mass of an anti-sticking agent magnesium stearate, 4 parts by mass of talcum powder, 1.25 parts by mass of a plasticizer (glycerol: polyglycerol fatty acid ester =2: 1), 0.5 part by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.65 part by mass of titanium dioxide, and adding water to 100 parts by mass to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid.
The preparation of the microencapsulated plant essential oil comprises the following steps: homogenizing and emulsifying the coating liquid and the essential oil capsule core liquid according to the mass ratio of 6.5:3.5 at the rotation speed of 1300 r/min for 30 min, controlling the temperature during emulsification to be 32 +/-2 ℃, performing high-temperature pressure spray granulation on the prepared high-temperature emulsion, controlling the pressure of the spray granulation to be 1.5MPa, controlling the air inlet temperature to be 170 ℃, controlling the air outlet temperature to be 90 ℃, discharging, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil.
The preparation of the mixed acid comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in mixed liquid of formic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, homogenizing and stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, and filtering and removing residues from the prepared liquid to obtain the mixed acid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol, the lignosulfonic acid, the vanillin, the formic acid, the propionic acid and the lactic acid is 2:6:0.1:30:50: 10;
the preparation method comprises the steps of fully adsorbing mixed acid by silicon dioxide, then uniformly stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, then adding microencapsulated plant essential oil, uniformly stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving by a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the silicon dioxide to the microencapsulated plant essential oil is 5.6:4.4: 0.1;
example 4
A preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive.
The microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 1:3: 0.5.
The preparation method of the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 16 parts by mass of polyacrylic resin No. 1 (methacrylic acid: ethyl acrylate polymer =1: 1), 16 parts by mass of Arabic gum, 0.04 part by mass of antisticking agent magnesium stearate, 4 parts by mass of talcum powder, 1 part by mass of plasticizer (glycerol: polyglycerol fatty acid ester =2: 1), 0.45 part by mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.7 part by mass of titanium dioxide, and adding water to 100 parts by mass to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid.
The preparation method comprises the steps of homogenizing and emulsifying a coating liquid of the microencapsulated plant essential oil and a capsule core liquid of the microencapsulated plant essential oil according to a mass ratio of 6:4 at a rotating speed of 1300 r/min for 30 min, controlling the temperature during emulsification to be 32 +/-2 ℃, carrying out high-temperature pressure spray granulation on the prepared high-temperature emulsion, controlling the pressure of the spray granulation to be 1.5MPa, controlling the air inlet temperature to be 190 ℃, controlling the air outlet temperature to be 80 ℃, discharging, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil.
The preparation of the mixed acid comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in mixed liquid of formic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, homogenizing and stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, and filtering and removing residues from the prepared liquid to obtain the mixed acid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol, the lignosulfonic acid, the vanillin, the formic acid, the propionic acid and the lactic acid is 4:4:0.15:40:40:10: 2;
the preparation method comprises the steps of adsorbing mixed acid fully by silicon dioxide, then carrying out homogeneous stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, then adding microencapsulated plant essential oil, carrying out homogeneous stirring for 2 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min, obtaining mixed particles, sieving by a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the silicon dioxide to the microencapsulated plant essential oil is 6.5:3.4: 0.1.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises preparing plant essential oil components, preparing mixed liquid, and preparing the feed additive.
The preparation method comprises the step of uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 1:3:0.5 to obtain the plant essential oil component.
The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid and plant essential oil, homogenizing and stirring at a rotating speed of 135 r/min for 2 min, and filtering the prepared liquid to remove residues to obtain the mixed liquid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol to the lignosulfonic acid to the vanillin to the formic acid to the propionic acid to the lactic acid to the plant essential oil is 2:6:0.15:30:50:10: 0.1.
The preparation method comprises the steps of adsorbing the mixed liquid fully by silicon dioxide, homogenizing and stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed liquid to the silicon dioxide is 5.6: 4.4.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises preparing plant essential oil components, preparing mixed liquid, and preparing the feed additive.
The preparation method comprises the step of uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 2:2:0.5 to obtain the plant essential oil component.
The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid and plant essential oil, homogenizing and stirring at a rotating speed of 135 r/min for 2 min, and filtering the prepared liquid to remove residues to obtain the mixed liquid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol, the lignosulfonic acid, the vanillin, the formic acid, the propionic acid, the lactic acid and the plant essential oil is 6:2:0.05:40:40:10: 0.1.
The preparation method comprises the steps of adsorbing the mixed liquid fully by silicon dioxide, homogenizing and stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed liquid to the silica is 7: 3.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises preparing plant essential oil components, preparing mixed liquid, and preparing the feed additive.
The preparation method comprises the step of uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 3:1:0.5 to obtain the plant essential oil component.
The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid and plant essential oil, homogenizing and stirring at a rotating speed of 135 r/min for 2 min, and filtering the prepared liquid to remove residues to obtain the mixed liquid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol to the lignosulfonic acid to the vanillin to the formic acid to the propionic acid to the lactic acid to the plant essential oil is 2:6:0.1:30:50:10: 0.1.
The preparation method comprises the steps of adsorbing the mixed liquid fully by silicon dioxide, homogenizing and stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed liquid to the silica is 5.6: 4.4.
Comparative example 4
A method for preparing a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry comprises preparing plant essential oil components, preparing mixed liquid, and preparing the feed additive.
The preparation method comprises the step of uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol according to the mass ratio of 1:3:0.5 to obtain the plant essential oil component.
The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid and plant essential oil, homogenizing and stirring at a rotating speed of 135 r/min for 2 min, and filtering the prepared liquid to remove residues to obtain the mixed liquid.
Wherein the mixing mass ratio of the plant polyphenol to the lignosulfonic acid to the vanillin to the formic acid to the propionic acid to the lactic acid to the plant essential oil is 4:4:0.15:40:40:10: 0.1.
The preparation method comprises the steps of adsorbing the mixed liquid fully by silicon dioxide, homogenizing and stirring for 4 min at the rotating speed of 135 r/min to obtain mixed particles, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
Wherein the mass ratio of the mixed liquid to the silicon dioxide is 6.6: 3.4.
And (3) comparing experimental effects:
(1) character mildness test:
the finished products obtained in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 are respectively mixed with baking soda according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the bag expansion condition is observed after sealing, and the bag expansion does not occur, which indicates that the prepared finished products have mild properties and do not react with the baking soda violently.
(2) High temperature resistance and oxidation resistance test
The loss rate of each plant essential oil component of the finished products obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 is shown in the data in the table after the finished products are placed in an oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours.
As can be seen from the above table, the finished product of example 2 has good high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, and the loss rate of plant essential oil components is lowest.
(3) Test of practical application effect in pig raising
The finished products obtained in the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are added into the basic ration of the sow of 26 days old according to the addition proportion of 3 per thousand of mass fraction, the pig ration without any additive is set as a control group, 8 pigs are taken in each group, and 4 pigs are taken in parallel in each group. The management mode and the daily ration specification are operated according to the manual of daily management operation of the Zhengda pig farm.
After 30 days of cultivation, the weight, the number of survival rates and the diarrhea of the cultivated individuals of each group are recorded.
The results of the data measured are given in the following table:
(4) test of practical application effect in broiler chicken feeding
According to the results of preliminary experiments in the previous period, finished products of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 are respectively added into basic ration eaten by Ross308 broilers of 1 day old according to the addition proportion of 1 per thousand of mass fraction, and meanwhile, the ration without any additive is set as a control group, 9 groups are counted, and each group contains 380 animals. The management modes and daily ration specifications of different growth periods are operated according to the management manual of the positive white feather broilers.
Feeding in three stages: the first stage is 0-21d, the second stage 22-35d and the third stage 36-44 d. After culturing for 44 days, recording the weight and the survival rate of each group (after each group is based on the total number of 380, the survival rate is accurate to a percentile).
The results of the data measured are given in the following table:
unless otherwise indicated, all percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages, and all ratios are mass ratios.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry is characterized by comprising the steps of preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil coating liquid, preparing microencapsulated plant essential oil, preparing mixed acid and preparing the feed additive.
2. The method for preparing the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 1, wherein the microencapsulated plant essential oil capsule core liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol.
3. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the cinnamaldehyde to the carvacrol to the thymol is 1-3:1-3: 0.5.
4. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 1, wherein the microencapsulated plant essential oil coating solution is prepared by uniformly mixing polyacrylic resin No. 1, Arabic gum, an anti-sticking agent, talcum powder, a plasticizer, polyvinylpyrrolidone and titanium dioxide, and then adding water.
5. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylic resin No. 1, the Arabic gum, the antisticking agent, the talcum powder, the plasticizer, the polyvinylpyrrolidone, the titanium dioxide and the water is 16:16:0.04:4-5:1-1.5:0.4-0.5:0.6-0.7: 60-62.
6. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 5, wherein the polyacrylic resin No. 1 is a mixture of methacrylic acid and polyethylacrylate, wherein the mass ratio of the methacrylic acid to the polyethylacrylate is 1: 0.9-1.1.
7. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that the microencapsulated plant essential oil is prepared by homogenizing and emulsifying a coating solution of the microencapsulated plant essential oil and a capsule core solution of the microencapsulated plant essential oil according to a mass ratio of 6-7:3-4, then performing high-temperature pressure spray granulation on the prepared high-temperature emulsion, and sieving the obtained product with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the microencapsulated plant essential oil.
8. The method for preparing a sustained-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 1, wherein the mixed acid is prepared by dissolving plant polyphenol and lignosulfonic acid in a mixed liquid of formic acid, propionic acid and lactic acid, homogenizing and stirring, and filtering and removing residues from the obtained liquid to obtain the mixed acid.
9. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the plant polyphenol, the lignosulfonic acid, the vanillin, the formic acid, the propionic acid and the lactic acid is 2-6:2-6:0.05-0.15:30-60:20-50: 10.
10. The preparation method of the slow-release feed additive for pigs and poultry according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of fully adsorbing silicon dioxide to mixed acid, performing primary homogenizing stirring, adding the microencapsulated plant essential oil, performing secondary homogenizing stirring to obtain mixed particles, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, weighing and packaging to obtain the feed additive.
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