CN113889708B - 车辆及其电池包 - Google Patents

车辆及其电池包 Download PDF

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CN113889708B
CN113889708B CN202010578306.0A CN202010578306A CN113889708B CN 113889708 B CN113889708 B CN 113889708B CN 202010578306 A CN202010578306 A CN 202010578306A CN 113889708 B CN113889708 B CN 113889708B
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battery pack
bottom plate
batteries
tray
opening
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CN113889708A (zh
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谭亮稳
鲁鹏
宋娜
谭晶
陈文会
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2022578569A priority patent/JP2023530010A/ja
Priority to EP21824960.5A priority patent/EP4145607A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/089035 priority patent/WO2021253976A1/zh
Priority to KR1020237001607A priority patent/KR20230025451A/ko
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/04Arrangement of batteries
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438Arrangement under the floor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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    • H01M50/55Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
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Abstract

本发明提供一种车辆及其电池包。电池包包括托盘、多个电池、配电箱以及密封板,所述托盘内形成有容纳空间,所述多个电池与所述配电箱均收容在所述容纳空间内,且所述多个电池与均所述配电箱电连接,所述托盘包括底板,所述底板上设有与所述容纳空间连通的检修口,所述检修口与所述配电箱相对设置,所述密封板密封所述检修口,且所述密封板与所述底板可拆卸连接。本发明解决了当电池包的配电箱出现故障时,需要将整个电池包从车身上拆下后通过顶部检修口对配电箱进行维修,维修效率低,维修成本高的技术问题。

Description

车辆及其电池包
技术领域
本发明涉及电池技术领域,特别涉及一种车辆及其电池包。
背景技术
现有的电池包检修口位于顶部上,电池包安装在车辆的安装位内,电池包的顶部收容在安装位的内部,当电池包的配电箱出现故障时,需要将整个电池包从车身上拆下后通过顶部检修口对配电箱进行维修,维修效率低,维修成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种车辆及其电池包,以解决当电池包的配电箱出现故障时,需要将整个电池包从车身上拆下后通过顶部检修口对配电箱进行维修,维修效率低,维修成本高的技术问题。
本发明提供一种电池包,包括托盘、多个电池、配电箱以及密封板,所述托盘内形成有容纳空间,所述多个电池与所述配电箱均收容在所述容纳空间内,且所述多个电池与均所述配电箱电连接,所述托盘包括底板,所述底板上设有与所述容纳空间连通的检修口,所述检修口与所述配电箱相对设置,所述密封板密封所述检修口,且所述密封板与所述底板可拆卸连接。
其中,所述托盘还包括边梁,所述边梁与所述底板连接形成所述容纳空间,所述边梁的高度大于等于所述电池的高度。
其中,所述边梁包括主边梁,所述主边梁上设有开口,所述开口与所述容纳空间连通;
所述电池包还包括多个连接片,每个所述电池包括顶面,所述顶面朝向所述开口,每个所述电池的顶面上设有间隔设置的正极柱与负极柱,每个所述连接片连接相邻两个所述电池的正极柱和负极柱。
其中,所述托盘还包括副边梁,所述副边梁盖合所述开口,且所述副边梁与所述主边梁可拆卸连接。
其中,所述主边梁的端部与所述底板的端部共同形成所述开口,所述副边梁还与所述底板可拆卸连接。
其中,所述主边梁包括第一边梁、第二边梁以及第三边梁,所述第一边梁与所述第二边梁相对设置,所述第三边梁与所述副边梁相对设置,所述第一边梁包括第一端以及与所述第一端相对设置的第二端,所述第二边梁包括第三端以及与所述第三端相对设置的第四端,所述底板包括连接端以及与所述连接端相对设置的固定端,所述第一端、所述第三端以及所述连接端位于同一侧,且所述第一端、所述第三端以及所述连接端形成所述开口,所述副边梁与所述第一端、所述第三端以及所述连接端均可拆卸连接,所述第二端、所述第四端以及所述固定端位于同一侧,所述第三边梁固定连接所述第二端、所述第四端以及所述固定端。
其中,所述托盘还包括多个间隔边梁,多个所述间隔边梁间隔设于所述容纳空间内,以将所述容纳空间分割为多个子空间,一个所述子空间内设有部分所述电池。
其中,所述电池包还包括结构胶,所述结构胶设于所述底板与所述多个电池之间,以将所述多个电池固定粘接在所述底板上。
其中,所述电池包还包括直冷板,所述直冷板设于所述边梁上,以盖合所述容纳空间;所述电池包还包括导热结构胶,所述导热结构胶设于所述多个电池与所述直冷板之间。
本发明提供一种车辆,包括车身以及上述的电池包,所述车身的外表面设有安装位,所述电池包固定在所述安装位内,所述底板为自由板;和/或,所述车身的底部的外表面设有安装位,所述电池包固定在所述车身底部的安装位内,所述底板为自由板。
综上所述,本申请中当电池包的配电箱出现故障时,只需将密封板拆卸,通过底板朝向外界的检修口对配电箱进行检修,无需拆卸电池包,检修效率高,解决了电池包检修口位于顶部上,需要将整个电池包从车身上拆下后通过顶部检修口对配电箱进行维修,维修效率低,维修成本高的技术问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的电池包的结构示意图。
图2是图1中的电池包的分解结构示意图。
图3是图1中的电池包的仰视结构示意图。
图4是图1中的托盘的结构示意图。
图5是图4所示的托盘的分解结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种车辆,包括车身以及电池包,车身的外表面设有安装位,电池包固定在安装位内。可以理解的是,安装位可以为凹槽,电池包安装在凹槽内。
请参阅图1-图3,电池包包括托盘10、多个电池20、配电箱30以及密封板40,托盘10内形成有容纳空间50,多个电池20与配电箱30均收容在容纳空间50内,且多个电池20与均配电箱30电连接,托盘10包括底板101,底板101上设有与容纳空间50连通的检修口101a,检修口101a与配电箱30相对设置,密封板40密封检修口101a,且密封板40与底板101可拆卸连接。可以理解的是,配电箱30内含有维修开关、保险等电路保护部件,售后对电池包的检修需要通过操作配电箱30进行,电池包检修口101a即用于满足售后对配电箱30的操作。密封板40与底板101通过螺栓可拆卸连接。电池包还包括护板150,护板150与底板101层叠,且护板150设于底板101的背向容纳空间50的一侧,护板150使得检修口101a露出。
电池包的底板101为自由板。即电池包的底板101不与车身连接,电池包的底板101朝向外界,检修口101a朝向外界。
从而,当电池包的配电箱30出现故障时,只需将密封板40拆卸,通过底板101朝向外界的检修口101a对配电箱30进行检修,无需拆卸电池包,检修效率高,解决了电池包检修口101a位于顶部上,需要将整个电池包从车身上拆下后通过顶部检修口101a对配电箱30进行维修,维修效率低,维修成本高的技术问题。
可选地,车身的底部的外表面设有安装位,电池包固定在底部的安装位内。当电池包安装在车辆底部的安装位内时,电池包的底板101朝下。即车辆处于正常的运行状态与停止状态时,电池包的底板101朝向地面。
从而,当电池包的配电箱30出现故障时,只需将车辆升起,检修人员在车底即可实现对配电箱30的检修,免去电池包拆卸工序。
请一并参阅图4-图5,托盘10还包括边梁60,边梁60与底板101连接形成容纳空间50,边梁60的高度大于等于电池20的高度。从而,通过边梁60的设置可以对容纳空间50内的电池20形成保护,避免了在行车过程中电池包受到侧向碰撞时,电池20容易受到挤压发生短路的技术问题,而且边梁60的设置也增强了托盘10的抗挤压强度。同时,由于边梁60的高度大于等于电池20的高度,边梁60可以将电池20完全包覆,外界的碰撞完全不会影响到电池20。可以理解的是,边梁60可以设于底板101的边缘,以使得容纳空间50的体积较大,进而较大的容纳空间50可以放置较多的电池20。
边梁60包括主边梁601与副边梁602,主边梁601上设有开口70,开口70与容纳空间50连通,副边梁602盖合开口70,且副边梁602与主边梁601可拆卸连接。具体的,副边梁602与主边梁601为可拆卸连接,主边梁601与副边梁602可以较容易连接,也较容易拆卸。边梁60为分体式结构。主边梁601与副边梁602连接的表面上设有溢胶槽,溢胶槽内设有密封胶,主边梁601与副边梁602通过密封胶粘接,且在主边梁601与副边梁602粘接固定后,还可以通过螺栓将主边梁601与副边梁602进一步紧固。
电池包还包括多个连接片80,每个电池包括顶面201,顶面201朝向开口70,每个电池20的顶面201上设有间隔设置的正极柱202与负极柱203,每个连接片80连接相邻两个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203。具体的,多个电池20在容纳空间50内阵列排布,电池20的顶面201朝向开口70,正极柱202和负极柱203均朝向开口70,开口70的设置方便于连接片80与极柱(正极柱202与负极柱203)的连接。本申请中,连接片80连接相邻两个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203的连接方式为焊接,当然也可以为其他的连接方式。通过多个连接片80连接相邻两个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203,多个电池20串联连接。
从而,本申请通过副边梁602与主边梁601的可拆卸连接,当副边梁602从主边梁601上拆卸时,或者副边梁602未安装在主边梁601上时,可以使得主边梁601的开口70露出,在多个电池20装入容纳空间50后,通过主边梁601的开口70可以将连接片80安装固定在相邻两个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203上,且当所有的连接片80均完成安装后,再将副边梁602安装连接在主边梁601上,这使得连接片80连接电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203的过程在托盘10内完成,工序简单,组装简单。这解决了将所有电池20通过连接片80焊接为一个整体后,通过工装束缚吊装或倒扣入托盘10内,工序繁琐复杂,组装难度高,且在工装束缚过程中使连接片80与极柱(正极柱202与负极柱203)之间的焊缝受力,焊缝受力不利于品质管控的技术问题。
可以理解的是,若连接片80连接相邻两个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203的连接方式为焊接时,此处焊接一般通过激光焊接完成,由于激光焊接工艺所限,激光头到被焊接区域之间不可有阻挡物,而边梁60会阻碍激光焊接,所以边梁60需设置为分体式结构,需把前端的副边梁602设计成与主边梁601可拆卸连接,先把电池20装到托盘10内,再焊接连接片80,否则就需要先在托盘10以外完成极柱(正极柱202与负极柱203)和连接片80的焊接,再将电池20和连接片80整体装入托盘10内,但这会导致装配困难,且在电池20和连接片80整体装入托盘10的过程中会使连接片80焊缝受力。
此外,前侧检修口101a的设置,除了用于配电箱30检修,其目的还包含电池20的极柱(正极柱202与负极柱203)与连接片80之间的连接,如焊接。从而,本申请的检修口101a以及副边梁602与主边梁601的可拆卸连接可以使得电池20的极柱(正极柱202与负极柱203)与连接片80之间的连接更加容易,更加方便。
本申请通过边梁60的设置,可以实现边梁60对电池20的保护作用,强化托盘10的抗挤压强度;通过副边梁602与主边梁601的可拆卸连接,可实现正极柱202与连接片80的连接以及负极柱203与连接片80的连接均在托盘10内完成,提升电池包的工装质量,避免边梁60对连接片80连接极柱(正极柱202和负极柱203)的工序产生影响。可以理解的是,若连接片80连接相邻两个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203的连接方式为焊接时,副边梁602与主边梁601的可拆卸连接,避免了副边梁602对极柱(正极柱202和负极柱203)焊接工序的影响。
在一个具体的实施例中,主边梁601的端部与底板101的端部共同形成开口70,副边梁602还与底板101可拆卸连接。可以理解的是,开口70延伸到了底板101,这增大了开口70的面积,通过开口70使得连接片80连接电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203的过程更加方便。
具体的,主边梁601包括第一边梁603、第二边梁604以及第三边梁605,第一边梁603与第二边梁604相对设置,第三边梁605与副边梁602相对设置,第一边梁603包括第一端603a以及与第一端603a相对设置的第二端603b,第二边梁604包括第三端604a以及与第三端604a相对设置的第四端604b,底板101包括连接端101b以及与连接端101b相对设置的固定端101c,第一端603a、第三端604a以及连接端101b位于同一侧,且第一端603a、第三端604a以及连接端101b形成开口70,副边梁602与第一端603a、第三端604a以及连接端101b均可拆卸连接,第二端603b、第四端604b以及固定端101c位于同一侧,第三边梁605固定连接第二端603b、第四端604b以及固定端101c。可以理解的是,第一边梁603、第三边梁605、第二边梁604以及副边梁602依次首尾相接形成边梁60。第一边梁603、第二边梁604、第三边梁605以及底板101一起成型。当电池包为一个完整的结构时,第一边梁603可以为右侧长边梁60,第二边梁604可以为左侧长边梁60,第三边梁605可以为后边梁60,副边梁602可以为前边梁60,开口70位于托盘10的前端。
从而,本申请通过第一边梁603、第三边梁605、第二边梁604以及副边梁602的设置,不仅可以对正极柱202和负极柱203进行保护,还可以对电池20的其他部位进行保护,实现对电池20的全方位保护。
托盘10还包括多个间隔边梁90,多个间隔边梁90间隔设于容纳空间50内,以将容纳空间50分割为多个子空间,一个子空间内设有部分电池20。间隔边梁90的设置可以增强托盘10的抗挤压强度,提高电池包的结构稳定性。可以理解的是,第一边梁603、第二边梁604、第三边梁605、底板101以及多个间隔边梁90一起成型。
在一个具体的实施例中,配电箱30设于电池20与副边梁602之间。具体的,配电箱30与电池20之间通过连接线连接,配电箱30设于电池20与副边梁602之间可以使得连接线的长度较短,节约成本,且线路简单,发生故障的概率低。可以理解的是,配电箱30位于电池包的前端。
电池包还包括结构胶110,结构胶110设于底板101与多个电池20之间,以将多个电池20固定粘接在底板101上。结构胶110用于将电池20固定在底板101上,避免电池20在电池包内的晃动。
电池包还包括直冷板120,直冷板120设于边梁60上,以盖合容纳空间50。直冷板120用于密封托盘10,且用于导出电池20上产生的热量。直冷板120与边梁60压合的区域使用密封泡棉或密封胶进行密封。直冷板120上设有多个弯曲的冷流道140,冷流道140用于冷媒的流动,以将电池20上产生的热量带走,直冷板120前端接口与冷媒进出口通过螺栓锁附。
电池包还包括导热结构胶130,导热结构胶130设于多个电池20与直冷板120之间。导热结构胶130不仅用于粘合固定电池20与直冷板120,还用于将电池20上产生的能量传递给直冷板120,通过直冷板120进行散热。
在电池包安装时,首先将多个电池20装入托盘10的容纳空间50内,多个电池20阵列排布,每个电池20的正极柱202和负极柱203朝向开口70,多个电池20与托盘10底板101之间使用结构胶110粘接固定;然后将连接片80安装于正极柱202和负极柱203上,激光焊接头通过托盘10开口70将连接片80焊接于正极柱202和负极柱203上;将配电箱30通过检修口101a装入托盘10,再安装检修口101a的密封板40;副边梁602安装至托盘10的开口70,主边梁601与副边梁602的接触面使用密封胶填充,二者通过螺栓紧固;在电池20顶部涂导热结构胶130,直冷板120安装至托盘10顶部,通过直冷板120实现容纳空间50密封,直冷板120与托盘10的边梁60之间压合区域使用密封泡棉(或密封胶)密封;直冷板120前端接口与冷媒进出口通过螺栓锁附,即完成电池包组装。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程,并依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化,仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种电池包,其特征在于,包括托盘、多个电池、配电箱以及密封板,所述托盘内形成有容纳空间,所述多个电池与所述配电箱均收容在所述容纳空间内,且所述多个电池与均所述配电箱电连接,所述托盘包括底板,所述底板上设有与所述容纳空间连通的检修口,所述检修口与所述配电箱相对设置,所述密封板密封所述检修口,且所述密封板与所述底板可拆卸连接;
所述托盘还包括边梁,所述边梁与所述底板连接形成所述容纳空间;所述边梁形成有开口,所述开口与所述容纳空间连通;所述电池包还包括多个连接片,每个所述电池包括顶面,所述顶面朝向所述开口,每个所述电池的顶面上设有间隔设置的正极柱与负极柱,每个所述连接片连接相邻两个所述电池的正极柱和负极柱;
其中,当多个所述电池装入所述容纳空间后,通过所述开口安装固定所述连接片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述边梁的高度大于等于所述电池的高度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述边梁包括主边梁,所述主边梁上设有所述开口。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述托盘还包括副边梁,所述副边梁盖合所述开口,且所述副边梁与所述主边梁可拆卸连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述主边梁的端部与所述底板的端部共同形成所述开口,所述副边梁还与所述底板可拆卸连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述主边梁包括第一边梁、第二边梁以及第三边梁,所述第一边梁与所述第二边梁相对设置,所述第三边梁与所述副边梁相对设置,所述第一边梁包括第一端以及与所述第一端相对设置的第二端,所述第二边梁包括第三端以及与所述第三端相对设置的第四端,所述底板包括连接端以及与所述连接端相对设置的固定端,所述第一端、所述第三端以及所述连接端位于同一侧,且所述第一端、所述第三端以及所述连接端形成所述开口,所述副边梁与所述第一端、所述第三端以及所述连接端均可拆卸连接,所述第二端、所述第四端以及所述固定端位于同一侧,所述第三边梁固定连接所述第二端、所述第四端以及所述固定端。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述托盘还包括多个间隔边梁,多个所述间隔边梁间隔设于所述容纳空间内,以将所述容纳空间分割为多个子空间,一个所述子空间内设有部分所述电池。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述电池包还包括结构胶,所述结构胶设于所述底板与所述多个电池之间,以将所述多个电池固定粘接在所述底板上。
9.根据权利要求2所述的电池包,其特征在于,所述电池包还包括直冷板,所述直冷板设于所述边梁上,以盖合所述容纳空间;所述电池包还包括导热结构胶,所述导热结构胶设于所述多个电池与所述直冷板之间。
10.一种车辆,其特征在于,包括车身以及如权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池包,所述车身的外表面设有安装位,所述电池包固定在所述安装位内,所述底板为自由板;和/或,所述车身的底部的外表面设有安装位,所述电池包固定在所述车身底部的安装位内,所述底板为自由板。
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