CN113875700B - Cultivation method and application of new-line chickens - Google Patents
Cultivation method and application of new-line chickens Download PDFInfo
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- CN113875700B CN113875700B CN202111319044.7A CN202111319044A CN113875700B CN 113875700 B CN113875700 B CN 113875700B CN 202111319044 A CN202111319044 A CN 202111319044A CN 113875700 B CN113875700 B CN 113875700B
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 210000001669 bursa of fabricius Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241001646834 Mesona Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001260012 Bursa Species 0.000 description 22
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010062016 Immunosuppression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011712 cell development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011748 cell maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036750 egg laying performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001506 immunosuppresive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009374 poultry farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal hybridization propagation, and particularly relates to a method for breeding chickens with new lines and application thereof. The invention takes Hetian chicken as an original male parent and Langshan chicken as an original female parent, and F1 generation hybrid chicken is obtained by hybridization; hybridizing the F1 generation hybrid chicken serving as a male parent and the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken serving as a female parent to obtain an F2 generation hybrid chicken; taking the F2 generation hybrid chicken as a male parent and a female parent, and transversely fixing for 4 generations to obtain an FSN4 chicken; and (3) hybridizing the FSN4 chicken serving as a male parent and the Mesona chicken serving as a female parent to obtain the chicken with the new variety. The results of the examples show that the new strain of chicken inherits the growth performance characteristics of Hetian chicken, and the strain of chicken has slow degradation of bursa of Fabricius and can improve the yield of bursa of Fabricius.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal hybridization propagation, and particularly relates to a method for breeding chickens with new lines and application thereof.
Background
The bursa of Fabricius is a humoral central immune organ with the same position as thymus, and is the site of B cell development, differentiation and maturation. The chicken bursa is a small molecular peptide substance existing in chicken bursa, has the effect of promoting B lymphocyte development, enhancing organism immunity, improving vaccine immunity effect, relieving immunosuppression, and adjuvant treating livestock and fowl diseases. The development and application of the chicken bursa injection have important value for the development of livestock and poultry farming. Since the chicken gradually degenerates and even disappears with the age of the day, the chicken used for preparing the chicken bursa tends to have a low yield. Finding a chicken breeding method with good growth performance and slow degeneration of the organ bursa of Fabricius is a problem which needs to be solved rapidly at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating a new strain of chicken, which has good growth performance, slower degeneration of organ bursa of Fabricius than other varieties of chicken and high bursa of Fabricius yield.
The invention provides a method for breeding chickens of new lines, which comprises the following steps:
using Hetian chicken as male parent and Langshan chicken as female parent for hybridization, and obtaining offspring as F1 generation hybrid chicken;
the F1 generation hybrid chicken is used as a male parent, the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is used as a female parent for hybridization, and the obtained offspring is the F2 generation hybrid chicken;
taking the F2 generation hybrid chicken as a parent, transversely fixing 4 generations, wherein the obtained offspring is FSN4 chicken;
and (3) hybridizing the FSN4 chicken serving as a male parent and the Mesona chicken serving as a female parent, wherein the obtained offspring are new strain chickens.
Preferably, the means of hybridization or cross-crossing comprises artificial insemination.
Preferably, when the F1-generation hybrid chicken is used as a male parent for hybridization, the month-old of the F1-generation hybrid chicken is 5-7 months, and the weight is more than or equal to 1.6kg.
Preferably, when the F2 generation hybrid chicken is used as a male parent for hybridization, the month-old of the F2 generation hybrid chicken is 5-7 months, and the weight is more than or equal to 1.0kg; when the F2 generation hybrid chicken is used as a female parent for hybridization, the month-old of the F2 generation hybrid chicken is 5-7 months, and the weight is more than or equal to 1.0kg.
Preferably, when the FSN4 chicken is used as a male parent for hybridization, the month-old of the FSN4 chicken is 5-7 months, and the weight is more than or equal to 1.5kg.
The invention also provides application of the new line chicken obtained by the cultivation method in preparation of chicken bursa of Fabricius.
The invention provides a method for breeding chickens with new lines, which comprises the following steps: using Hetian chicken as male parent and Langshan chicken as female parent for hybridization, and obtaining offspring as F1 generation hybrid chicken; the F1 generation hybrid chicken is used as a male parent, the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is used as a female parent for hybridization, and the obtained offspring is the F2 generation hybrid chicken; taking the F2 generation hybrid chicken as a parent, transversely fixing 4 generations, wherein the obtained offspring is FSN4 chicken; and (3) hybridizing the FSN4 chicken serving as a male parent and the Mesona chicken serving as a female parent, wherein the obtained offspring are new strain chickens. The new strain chicken of the invention can be eaten as broiler chicken, and can also be used as raw material for preparing chicken bursa of Fabricius. In the embodiment of the invention, the new strain chicken is used for culturing, and after 2 weeks of raising, the average weight of single chicken reaches 20.8g, so that the growth performance is good; after raising new chickens of 20-21 days old for 1 month, the average mass of the bursa of Fabricius of the new chickens is 2.8g, the bursa degradation is slower, and the bursa yield is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding a new strain of chicken of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for breeding a new strain of chicken of comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for breeding chickens with new lines, which comprises the following steps: hybridization is carried out by taking Hetian chicken as male parent and Langshan chicken as female parent, and hatching and feeding fertilized eggs to adult F1 generation hybrid chicken; hybridizing the F1 generation hybrid chicken serving as a male parent and the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken serving as a female parent, incubating and feeding the fertilized eggs to adult to obtain the F2 generation hybrid chicken; taking the F2 generation hybrid chicken as a male parent and a female parent, transversely fixing 4 generations, incubating fertilized eggs, and feeding the fertilized eggs to an adult to obtain FSN4 chickens; and (3) hybridizing the FSN4 chicken serving as a male parent and the Mesona chicken serving as a female parent, incubating the fertilized eggs, and feeding the fertilized eggs to adult chickens to obtain new-line chickens.
The invention uses Hetian chicken as a parent of a once ancestor and Langshan chicken as a parent of a great ancestor, and hatching and feeding fertilized eggs to an adult to obtain F1 generation hybrid chicken. The Hetian chickens are native to the Yangtze county of Fujian province and are high-quality broilers in China; the Langshan chicken is native to Jiangsu Nantong city, such as Dong county, is one of egg and meat dual-purpose chicken species, and has extremely strong disease resistance. The Hetian chicken and the Langshan chicken of the invention are purchased from the national institute of livestock and veterinary science of the national academy of sciences of Fujian province. In the feeding process, the feeding condition is preferably feeding complete feed, and the complete feed is purchased from Shengnong development stock Co.
After F1 generation hybrid chicken is obtained, the F1 generation hybrid chicken is used as a ancestor male parent, the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is used as a ancestor female parent for hybridization, and fertilized eggs are hatched and fed to adults to obtain the F2 generation hybrid chicken. When the F1-generation hybrid chicken is used as the ancestor male parent for hybridization, the main selection character is selected, specifically, the month-old of the F1-generation hybrid chicken of the ancestor male parent for hybridization is preferably 5-7 months, and the weight is preferably more than or equal to 1.6kg. The high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is native in Europe and has extremely strong disease resistance. The high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is purchased from the institute of livestock and poultry at the department of academy of sciences of Fujian province.
After F2 generation hybrid chickens are obtained, the F2 generation hybrid chickens are used as parents, 4 generations of hybrid chickens are transversely fixed, and fertilized eggs are hatched and fed to adult FSN4 chickens. When the F2 generation hybrid chicken is used as a parent for hybridization, picking is carried out according to main selection characters, specifically, the month-old of the F2 generation hybrid chicken used for crossing male parent is preferably 5-7 months, and the weight is preferably more than or equal to 1.0kg; the month-old of the F2-generation hybrid chicken used for the cross female parent is preferably 5-7 months, and the weight is preferably more than or equal to 1.0kg.
After the FSN4 chicken is obtained, the FSN4 chicken is used as a male parent, the Xianju chicken is used as a female parent for hybridization, and the fertilized eggs are hatched and fed to adult chickens to obtain new-line chickens. When the FSN4 chicken is used as a male parent for hybridization, the FSN4 chicken is picked according to the main selection character, specifically, the month-old of the FSN4 chicken used for hybridization is preferably 5-7 months, and the weight is preferably more than or equal to 1.5kg. The Xianju chicken of the invention is native to Xianju county in Zhejiang province and has extremely strong egg laying performance. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a chicken by using a chicken feed.
In the present invention, the methods of hybridization and cross-crossing are preferably artificial insemination, and the method of artificial insemination is not particularly limited, and may be performed by a method conventional in the art.
The new-line chicken inherits the growth performance characteristics of the Hetian chicken, can be eaten as broiler chickens, has slow degradation of the bursa of Fabricius, and can improve the bursa of Fabricius yield.
The invention also provides application of the new line chicken obtained by the cultivation method in preparation of chicken bursa of Fabricius.
The average weight of single chickens after 2 weeks of raising of the chickens with the new variety obtained by the method reaches 20.8g, and the growth performance is good; after raising a new line of chickens at 20 days of age for 1 month, the average mass of the bursa of Fabricius of the new line was 2.8g. Is suitable for preparing chicken bursa of Fabricius.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples for further illustrating the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Experiment site: poultry ward animal house of farm animal husbandry and veterinary research institute in Fujian province
The experimental stage:
(1) Using Hetian chicken as male parent, using Langshan chicken as female parent, adopting artificial insemination method to make hybridization, hatching fertilized eggs, raising to adult to obtain F1 generation hybrid chicken;
(2) The F1 generation hybrid chicken is used as a male parent, the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is used as a female parent, the hybridization is carried out by adopting an artificial insemination method, the fertilized eggs are hatched, and the F2 generation hybrid chicken is obtained after the breeding; the month-old of the F1-generation hybrid chicken used for the hybridization was 6 months, and the body weight was 1.6kg;
(3) Taking an F2 generation hybrid chicken with the weight of 1.0kg for 6 months as a male parent, taking an F2 generation hybrid chicken with the weight of 1.0kg for 6 months as a female parent, crossing for 4 generations by adopting an artificial insemination method, hatching fertilized eggs, and feeding the fertilized eggs to adults to obtain FSN4 chickens;
(4) Taking FSN4 chicken as a male parent and a Xianju chicken as a female parent, hybridizing by adopting an artificial insemination method, hatching fertilized eggs, and feeding the fertilized eggs to adults to obtain new-strain chickens; FSN4 chickens used for hybridization were 6 months old and weighing 1.5kg.
Comparative example 1
The procedure was as in example 1, except that (1) the silky fowl was used as male parent and the Langshan fowl was used as female parent, and the subsequent operations were performed.
Test example 1
(1) Growth performance test
The experiment was divided into 6 groups, each group of 5-day chickens, which were the new line chicken of example 1, the new line chicken of comparative example 1, the Hetian chicken, the Langshan chicken, the Guifei chicken and the silk feather black-bone chicken of the invention, were fed with the same feed daily, and the growth conditions of the chickens fed for 1 week and for two weeks were counted, respectively, and the statistical results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 growth Properties of different chicken strains
| Chicken variety | Weight of 3 days old body (g) | Body weight (g) of 1 week of feeding | Body weight (g) of the feed for 2 weeks |
| Hetian chicken | 50.5 | 105.4 | 210.6 |
| Langshan chicken | 42.5 | 84.9 | 171.2 |
| Royal chicken | 45.1 | 87.1 | 174.7 |
| Silky fowl | 46.5 | 88.9 | 180.6 |
| Example 1 | 50.1 | 101.2 | 200.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 43.1 | 87.4 | 179.4 |
As can be seen from Table 1, after 2 weeks of raising of the new line chickens obtained by the method of the present invention, the average weight of the individual chickens reached 200.8g, the average weight of the individual Hetian chickens reached 210.6g, the average weight of the individual Langshan chickens reached 171.2g, the average weight of the individual high-ranked imperial concubine chickens reached 174.7g, the average weight of the individual silky black-bone chickens reached 180.6g, and the average weight of the individual new line chickens of comparative example 1 reached 179.4g. The new-line chicken obtained by the embodiment of the invention has good growth performance.
(2) Organ bursa degeneration experiment
The experiment was divided into 6 groups, each group of 10-head chickens of 20-21 days old, which were respectively the new line chickens of example 1, the new line chickens of comparative example 1, the Hetian chickens, the langerhans chickens, the high-ranked imperial concubine chickens and the silky black-bone chickens of the silk feather, 5 chickens were randomly selected from each group before feeding to weigh the bursa of Fabricius, the remaining 5 chickens of each group were fed with the same feed every day, after continuous feeding for 1 month, the bursa of Fabricius of each line was weighed, and the weighing results are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2 weight of the organ bursa of fabricius before and after feeding of different chicken strains
As is clear from Table 2, the average mass of the bursa of Fabricius of single chickens of 20 to 21 days old of the new line chickens of example 1 of the invention is 3.1g; the average mass of the single river field chicken bursa is 3.0g, the average mass of the single langasite chicken bursa is 2.8g, and the average mass of the single noble chicken bursa is 2.5g; the average mass of the single-filament feather black-bone chicken bursa is 2.6g, and the average mass of the single-comparison example 1 new strain chicken bursa is 2.5g. After one month of feeding, the average mass of the chicken bursa of the new strain of the embodiment 1 is 2.8g; the average mass of the bursa of single river field chicken is 2.3g, the average mass of the bursa of single langerhans is 1.5g, the average mass of the bursa of single noble chicken is 1.3g, the average mass of the bursa of single feather black-bone chicken is 1.4g, the average mass of the bursa of single comparative example 1 new strain chicken is 1.4g, the degradation speed of bursa of the hybrid new strain chicken obtained in comparative example 1 is consistent with that of silky black-bone chicken, the new strain chicken bred by the method inherits the growth performance characteristics of the river field chicken, the strain chicken bursa of the chicken is slowly degraded, the yield of the bursa of chicken can be improved, and the method is suitable for being used as a raw material chicken strain for preparing the bursa of chicken.
The novel line chicken obtained by the cultivation method provided by the embodiment of the invention inherits the growth performance characteristics of the Hetian chicken, and the line chicken bursa of Fabricius is slow in degradation, so that the yield of chicken bursa of Fabricius can be improved, and the chicken bursa of Fabricius is suitable for being used as a raw material for preparing chicken bursa of Fabricius.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for cultivating the new strain chicken with good growth performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
using Hetian chicken as male parent and Langshan chicken as female parent for hybridization, and obtaining offspring as F1 generation hybrid chicken;
the F1 generation hybrid chicken is used as a male parent, the high-ranked imperial concubine chicken is used as a female parent for hybridization, and the obtained offspring is the F2 generation hybrid chicken; taking the F2 generation hybrid chicken as a parent, transversely fixing 4 generations, wherein the obtained offspring is FSN4 chicken;
and (3) hybridizing the FSN4 chicken serving as a male parent and the Mesona chicken serving as a female parent, wherein the obtained offspring are new strain chickens.
2. A method of growing according to claim 1 wherein the crossing or crossing means comprises artificial insemination.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the F1-crossed chicken is 5 to 7 months old and has a weight of 1.6kg or more when crossed with the F1-crossed chicken as a male parent.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the F2-hybrid chicken is 5 to 7 months old and has a weight of 1.0kg or more when the F2-hybrid chicken is used as a male parent for hybridization.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the FSN4 chicken is 5-7 months old and has a weight of 1.5kg or more when the FSN4 chicken is used as a male parent for hybridization.
6. Use of a new line chicken obtained by the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the preparation of chicken bursa of Fabricius.
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| CN101144078A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2008-03-19 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method for expression infectious bursa of Fabricius virus VP1 gene coding protein immortalized cell |
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| CN102198154A (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2011-09-28 | 河南牧翔动物药业有限公司 | Medicine composition for treating nephrosis of chicken |
| CN102232496B (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-12-05 | 北京市农林科学院 | Feed special for laying period of laying hen of local variety |
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| CN101830968A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-15 | 南京农业大学 | Bursa of Fabricius heptapeptide with immune regulation effect |
| CN106568906A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-19 | 王素敏 | Application method for hatching egg sorting tool |
| CN107950481A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-04-24 | 湛江市晋盛牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of supporting breeding method of the first five pawls green grass or young crops shin corollule spot plumage chicken of phoenix |
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