CN113854424A - 一种非常规黑猪专用饲料 - Google Patents
一种非常规黑猪专用饲料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113854424A CN113854424A CN202111180233.0A CN202111180233A CN113854424A CN 113854424 A CN113854424 A CN 113854424A CN 202111180233 A CN202111180233 A CN 202111180233A CN 113854424 A CN113854424 A CN 113854424A
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- percent
- vitamin
- feed
- corn
- bran
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于：由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％～35％、糙米25％～35％、大豆粕8％～20％、棉粕1％～8％、麸皮6％～25％、葡萄果渣1％～10％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％～15％、玉米蛋白粉1％～4％、米糠1％～5％、DDGS饲料1％～6％、石粉0.6％～2.0％、磷酸氢钙0.5％～1.6％、米糠油1％～3％、氯化钠0.2％～1.0％、猪用微量元素0.2％～1.0％、猪用维生素0.03％～0.5％、氨基酸0.2％～2％、氯化胆碱0.1％～1％和沸石0.1％～2％；本饲料富含多种营养成份，极大地提高黑猪的免疫功能、增强猪的防病、治病、抗病毒能力；能够提高黑猪繁殖性能，可实现零药残，保证猪产品的安全，是一种优质、高效的猪饲料配方。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于动物专用饲料，涉及一种非常规黑猪专用饲料
背景技术
随着人口的增多和人们生活质量的提高，猪肉质量要求越来越大。黑猪作为世界地方猪品种排行第四，它优势属肉质坚实，大理石纹分布均匀，肉色鲜红，给人口感细腻多汁，色香味俱全，它以产仔量高，抗病强、耐粗饲、杂交效果显著。养殖黑猪企业逐渐增多，但市场上缺乏黑猪专用饲料，黑猪仍喂食普通饲料，其营养成分不能保证黑猪的正常发育，造成黑猪生产能力低，影响养猪场的经济效益。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种非常规黑猪专用饲料。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的：
一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％～35％、糙米25％～35％、大豆粕8％～20％、棉粕1％～8％、麸皮6％～25％、葡萄果渣1％～10％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％～15％、玉米蛋白粉1％～4％、米糠1％～5％、DDGS饲料1％～6％、石粉0.6％～2.0％、磷酸氢钙0.5％～1.6％、米糠油1％～3％、氯化钠0.2％～1.0％、猪用微量元素0.2％～1.0％、猪用维生素0.03％～0.5％、氨基酸0.2％～2％、氯化胆碱0.1％～1％和沸石0.1％～2％。
进一步的技术方案包括：
所述猪用微量元素为硫酸亚铁、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、硫酸锌、亚硒酸钠、碘化钾、甘氨酸亚铁、羟基蛋氨酸锌、羟基蛋氨酸铜、羟基蛋氨酸锰、酵母硒中的至少两种成分混合而成。
所述猪用维生素为维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、泛酸、烟酸、维生素B6、生物素、叶酸、维生素B12和维生素C中的至少两种成分混合而成。
所述氨基酸为赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸和精氨酸中的至少两种成分混合而成。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所述的非常规黑猪专用饲料富含多种营养成份，所述DDGS(DistillersDried Grains with Solubles)饲料，是将玉米酒精糟作简单过滤，滤渣干燥，滤清液干燥浓缩后再与滤渣混合干燥而获得的饲料。由于DDGS的蛋白质含量在26％以上，已成为国内外饲料生产企业广泛应用的一种新型蛋白饲料原料，在畜禽及水产配合饲料中通常用来替代豆粕、鱼粉，添加比例最高可达30％。所述石粉的主要成分是碳酸钙，其中钙的含量占石粉的36％。
所述葡萄果渣是利用赤霞珠葡萄生产葡萄酒过程中的主要副产物，是一种非常规饲料，虽然葡萄果渣成分会因酿造要求有所差异，但是残余果肉、果皮和茎以及葡萄籽始终是其主要组成成分。其富含干物质含量为60％～70％，粗灰分为7％～10％，粗蛋白(CP)为10％～25％，脂肪(EE)含量为10％～20％，粗纤维(CF)含量为35％～46％。对葡萄果渣所含有益菌群分析后显示其含量最高是醋杆菌(Acetobacter)，约占1/2；其次为酒类酒球菌(Oenococcus oeni)，约占1/3。对葡萄果渣中酚类化合物进行成分分析后发现35种酚类物质，根据已发表论文对这些酚类化合物的功能进行分析，发现有抗炎作用的酚类化合物8种，包括山楂酸(Maslinic acid,MA)、没食子酸(Gallic acid)、钩吻素子(Koumine)、奎宁(Quinine)等；有抗氧化作用的酚类化合物11种，包括山楂酸、飞燕草色素(Delphinidin)、苯丙氨酸(Phenylalanine)、槲皮素(Quercetin)、反式芪(trans-pterostilbene)等；还有9种酚类化合物表现出抗癌作用，包括象牙酮宁([-]-Eburnamonine)、表儿茶素([-]-Epicatechin)、龙胆酸(Gentisic acid)、钩吻素丙(Sempervirine)等；除此之外还有酚类化合物表现出抗菌、镇痛、抗疟疾等作用。尤其是山楂酸，已有研究发现其在抗炎、心脏保护、神经保护、抗癌、抗病原体等方面的重要作用，是一种具有开发潜力的酚类化合物。高浓度(20μg/ml以上)山楂酸对猪小肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2)活力有抑制作用。而低浓度(20μg/ml以下)山楂酸对猪小肠上皮细胞活力有促进作用，细胞活力升高最显著，从而促进肠道对营养物质的消化吸收，进而促进生长发育。
山楂酸处理猪小肠上皮细胞，差异表达基因富集结果显示其上调了中性粒细胞介导的免疫(Neutrophil mediated immunity)、中性粒细胞活化(Neutrophil activation)、中性粒细胞活化参与免疫反应(Neutrophil activation involved in immuneresponse)、中性粒细胞脱粒(Neutrophil degranulation)、细胞氨基酸代谢过程(Cellular amino acid metabolic process)、核苷单磷酸代谢过程(Nucleosidemonophosphate metabolic process)、核苷三磷酸代谢过程(Nucleoside triphosphatemetabolic process)、核糖核苷单磷酸代谢过程(Ribonucleoside monophosphatemetabolic process)、嘌呤核苷一磷酸代谢过程(Purine nucleoside monophosphatemetabolic process)、嘌呤核糖核苷一磷酸代谢过程(Purine ribonucleosidemonophosphate metabolic process)、嘌呤核苷三磷酸代谢过程(Purine nucleosidetriphosphate metabolic process)、核糖核苷三磷酸代谢过程(Ribonucleosidetriphosphate metabolic process)、嘌呤核糖核苷三磷酸代谢过程(Purineribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process)、ATP代谢过程(ATP metabolicprocess)、线粒体运输(Mitochondrial transport)、电子运输链(Electron transportchain)、氧化磷酸化(Oxidative phosphorylation)、靶向ER的蛋白质(Protein targetingto ER)、共翻译蛋白靶向膜(Cotranslational protein targeting to membrane)以及SRP依赖的共翻译蛋白靶向膜(SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting tomembrane)等生物过程。并且山楂酸处理差异表达基因富集结果显示其下调了单纯疱疹病毒1感染(Herpes simplex virus 1 infection)信号通路，上调了生热(Thermogenesis)、亨廷顿病(Huntington disease)、老年痴呆症(Alzheimer disease)、非酒精性脂肪肝病(Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease)、帕金森综合症(Parkinson disease)、核糖体(Ribosome)、氧化磷酸化(Oxidative phosphorylation)、溶酶体(Lysosome)、碳代谢(Carbon metabolism)、氨基酸的生物合成(Biosynthesis of amino acids)、心肌收缩(Cardiac muscle contraction)以及糖酵解/糖异生(Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis)等信号通路。
山楂酸促进肠道中性粒细胞相关的生物过程，对机体抗炎功能有着促进作用，这也符合已发现的山楂酸的抗炎作用。而山楂酸对细胞内多种成分代谢的生物过程以及部分生物信号传递的生物过程的促进作用，有利于细胞代谢以及细胞内信号传递，其中细胞代谢的提高有利于机体发育，这是导致上一部分葡萄果渣促进了断奶仔猪肠道发育的原因之一。山楂酸处理下调了单纯疱疹病毒1感染信号通路对机体抗炎有着重要作用。山楂酸对生热信号通路的促进作用有利于改善代谢，且对机体适应寒冷有重要作用。核糖体负责细胞内蛋白质合成，其通路上调有利于蛋白质翻译。氧化磷酸化通路可将物质在体内氧化时释放的能量通过呼吸链合成ATP；溶酶体可分解各种外源和内源的大分子物质；碳代谢和氨基酸的生物合成是生命活动的重要基础；糖异生是将多种非糖物质转变成葡萄糖或糖原的过程；糖酵解是所有生物体进行葡萄糖分解代谢所必须经过的共同阶段，山楂酸对上述信号通路的上调作用有利于机体能量代谢、物质合成。山楂酸对心肌收缩信号通路的上调作用有利于维持心脏功能。
本发明的非常规黑猪专用饲料能够极大地提高黑猪的免疫功能、增强猪的防病、治病、抗病毒能力；能够提高黑猪生产性能，是一种安全、环保、优质、高效的猪饲料配方，在三聚氰胺、药残(氯霉素、六六六、DDT)、重金属(铅、汞、砷)方面完全符合中国、欧盟及美国的标准，可实现零药残，保证猪产品的安全。
具体实施方式
实施例一、在本实施例中，所述非常规黑猪专用饲料，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米35％、糙米30％、大豆粕8％、棉粕1％、麸皮6％、葡萄果渣1％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉4％、米糠5％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.6％磷酸氢钙0.97％、米糠油3％、氯化钠1％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.3％、精氨酸0.4％、蛋氨酸0.3％、氯化胆碱0.1％、沸石0.1％。
本实施例的非常规黑猪专用饲料适用于黑猪生长育肥猪，黑猪食用现有饲料后，平均日增重0.62kg，而食用本实施例的饲料后，平均日增重0.69kg。
实施例二、在本实施例中，所述非常规黑猪专用饲料，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％、糙米25％、大豆粕9％、棉粕8％、麸皮8％、葡萄果渣5％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉3％、米糠1.2％、DDGS饲料6％、石粉2％、磷酸氢钙0.7％、米糠油2.14％、氯化钠0.3％、维生素A 0.08％、维生素D3 0.005％、维生素E 0.0737％、维生素K 0.0005％、维生素B1 0.0005％、维生素B2 0.0008％、烟酸0.009％、维生素B6 0.0003％、维生素B120.0002％、维生素C 0.09％、硫酸亚铁0.23％、硫酸铜0.1％、硫酸锰0.08％、硫酸锌0.15％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.09％、酵母硒0.3％、碘化钾0.05％、蛋氨酸0.1％、精氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱1％、沸石0.2％。
本实施例的非常规黑猪专用饲料适用于黑猪生长期，黑猪食用现有饲料后，饲料转化率为3.69，而食用本实施例的饲料后，饲料转化率为3.39。
实施例三、在本实施例中，所述非常规黑猪专用饲料，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％、糙米25％、大豆粕8％、棉粕4％、麸皮25％、葡萄果渣3.2％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠1％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.6％、磷酸氢钙0.5％、米糠油1％、氯化钠0.2％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.3％、精氨酸1％、蛋氨酸0.1％、色氨酸0.5％、苏氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱0.16％、沸石0.11％。
本实施例的非常规黑猪专用饲料适用于黑猪生长育肥猪，黑猪食用现有饲料后，平均日增重0.62kg，而食用本实施例的饲料后，平均日增重0.71kg。
实施例四、在本实施例中，所述非常规黑猪专用饲料，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米30％、糙米25％、大豆粕14％、棉粕1％、麸皮6％、葡萄果渣1％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料15％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠1％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.6％、磷酸氢钙0.8％、米糠油1.3％、氯化钠1％、维生素A 0.15％、维生素D3 0.005％、维生素E 0.0937％、维生素K 0.0005％、维生素B1 0.0005％、维生素B2 0.0008％、烟酸0.009％、维生素B6 0.0003％、维生素B120.0002％、维生素C 0.15％、叶酸0.04％、生物素0.02％、泛酸0.03％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.2％、蛋氨酸0.1％、苏氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱0.1％、沸石0.1％。
本实施例的非常规黑猪专用饲料适用于黑猪生长育肥猪，黑猪食用现有饲料后，饲料转化率为3.69，而食用本实施例的饲料后，饲料转化率为3.42。
实施例五、在本实施例中，所述非常规黑猪专用饲料，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％、糙米35％、大豆粕20％、棉粕1％、麸皮6％、葡萄果渣2％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠1％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.60％、磷酸氢钙0.6％、米糠油1.4％、氯化钠0.67％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.23％、硫酸铜0.1％、硫酸锰0.08％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.09％、亚硒酸钠0.05％、碘化钾0.05％、赖氨酸0.2％、精氨酸0.2％、蛋氨酸0.2％、氯化胆碱0.1％、沸石1.4％。
本实施例的非常规黑猪专用饲料适用于黑猪生长育肥猪后期，黑猪食用现有饲料后，平均日增重0.69kg，而食用本实施例的饲料后，平均日增重0.77kg。
实施例六、在本实施例中，所述非常规黑猪专用饲料，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米26％、糙米25％、大豆粕8％、棉粕4％、麸皮6.7％、葡萄果渣10％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料6％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠3％、DDGS饲料1.5％、石粉1.1％、磷酸氢钙1.6％、米糠油1.87％、氯化钠1％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.1％、精氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱0.8％、沸石2％。
本实施例的非常规黑猪专用饲料适用于黑猪生长育肥猪，黑猪食用现有饲料后，平均日增重0.62kg，而食用本实施例的饲料后，平均日增重0.73kg。
Claims (10)
1.一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％～35％、糙米25％～35％、大豆粕8％～20％、棉粕1％～8％、麸皮6％～25％、葡萄果渣1％～10％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％～15％、玉米蛋白粉1％～4％、米糠1％～5％、DDGS饲料1％～6％、石粉0.6％～2.0％、磷酸氢钙0.5％～1.6％、米糠油1％～3％、氯化钠0.2％～1.0％、猪用微量元素0.2％～1.0％、猪用维生素0.03％～0.5％、氨基酸0.2％～2％、氯化胆碱0.1％～1％和沸石0.1％～2％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，所述猪用微量元素为硫酸亚铁、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、硫酸锌、亚硒酸钠、碘化钾、甘氨酸亚铁、羟基蛋氨酸锌、羟基蛋氨酸铜、羟基蛋氨酸锰、酵母硒中的至少两种成分混合而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，所述猪用维生素为维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、泛酸、烟酸、维生素B6、生物素、叶酸、维生素B12和维生素C中的至少两种成分混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，所述氨基酸为赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸和精氨酸中的至少两种成分混合而成。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米35％、糙米30％、大豆粕8％、棉粕1％、麸皮6％、葡萄果渣1％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉4％、米糠5％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.6％磷酸氢钙0.97％、米糠油3％、氯化钠1％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.3％、精氨酸0.4％、蛋氨酸0.3％、氯化胆碱0.1％、沸石0.1％。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％、糙米25％、大豆粕9％、棉粕8％、麸皮8％、葡萄果渣5％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉3％、米糠1.2％、DDGS饲料6％、石粉2％、磷酸氢钙0.7％、米糠油2.14％、氯化钠0.3％、维生素A 0.08％、维生素D3 0.005％、维生素E0.0737％、维生素K 0.0005％、维生素B1 0.0005％、维生素B2 0.0008％、烟酸0.009％、维生素B6 0.0003％、维生素B12 0.0002％、维生素C 0.09％、硫酸亚铁0.23％、硫酸铜0.1％、硫酸锰0.08％、硫酸锌0.15％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.09％、酵母硒0.3％、碘化钾0.05％、蛋氨酸0.1％、精氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱1％、沸石0.2％。
7.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％、糙米25％、大豆粕8％、棉粕4％、麸皮25％、葡萄果渣3.2％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠1％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.6％、磷酸氢钙0.5％、米糠油1％、氯化钠0.2％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.3％、精氨酸1％、蛋氨酸0.1％、色氨酸0.5％、苏氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱0.16％、沸石0.11％。
8.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米30％、糙米25％、大豆粕14％、棉粕1％、麸皮6％、葡萄果渣1％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料15％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠1％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.6％、磷酸氢钙0.8％、米糠油1.3％、氯化钠1％、维生素A 0.15％、维生素D3 0.005％、维生素E0.0937％、维生素K 0.0005％、维生素B1 0.0005％、维生素B2 0.0008％、烟酸0.009％、维生素B6 0.0003％、维生素B120.0002％、维生素C 0.15％、叶酸0.04％、生物素0.02％、泛酸0.03％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.2％、蛋氨酸0.1％、苏氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱0.1％、沸石0.1％。
9.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米25％、糙米35％、大豆粕20％、棉粕1％、麸皮6％、葡萄果渣2％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料2％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠1％、DDGS饲料1％、石粉0.60％、磷酸氢钙0.6％、米糠油1.4％、氯化钠0.67％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.23％、硫酸铜0.1％、硫酸锰0.08％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.09％、亚硒酸钠0.05％、碘化钾0.05％、赖氨酸0.2％、精氨酸0.2％、蛋氨酸0.2％、氯化胆碱0.1％、沸石1.4％。
10.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的一种非常规黑猪专用饲料，其特征在于，由如下成分按重量百分比组成：玉米26％、糙米25％、大豆粕8％、棉粕4％、麸皮6.7％、葡萄果渣10％、喷浆玉米皮发酵饲料6％、玉米蛋白粉1％、米糠3％、DDGS饲料1.5％、石粉1.1％、磷酸氢钙1.6％、米糠油1.87％、氯化钠1％、维生素E 0.01％、维生素C 0.02％、硫酸亚铁0.06％、硫酸铜0.05％、硫酸锰0.04％、羟基蛋氨酸锌0.04％、亚硒酸钠0.004％、碘化钾0.006％、赖氨酸0.1％、精氨酸0.1％、氯化胆碱0.8％、沸石2％。
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