CN113854033A - Regionalized coverage grape planting method - Google Patents
Regionalized coverage grape planting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113854033A CN113854033A CN202111114003.4A CN202111114003A CN113854033A CN 113854033 A CN113854033 A CN 113854033A CN 202111114003 A CN202111114003 A CN 202111114003A CN 113854033 A CN113854033 A CN 113854033A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- grape
- fertilizer
- grapes
- planting
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and discloses a regional covering grape planting method which comprises the following steps: soil preparation; applying a base fertilizer; arranging a greenhouse; transplanting grape branches; spraying gibberellin; topdressing; spraying boron fertilizer; carrying out flower and ear thinning treatment; fertilizing again; performing ear soaking operation, and bagging after ear soaking; removing bags and harvesting; according to the scheme, the fertilization operation is performed in a targeted manner, so that the growth vigor of the grapes is improved; through the artificial treatment of grape spica, the advantages are eliminated, the nutrient sufficiency of good-growing grapes is ensured, and the grape quality is improved; the grape is sleeved with bags outside, and the grape is subjected to spike soaking operation, so that the pest and disease damage to the grape is reduced, and the yield of the grape is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a regional covering grape planting method.
Background
The grapes are delicious and have high nutritional value, the sugar content of mature berries reaches 10-30%, and the grapes are mainly glucose and can be directly absorbed by human bodies. It also contains minerals such as calcium, potassium, phosphorus, ferrum, vitamins and essential amino acids.
In recent years, as the planting benefit of grapes is continuously improved, more and more fruit growers plant grapes, but because of unreasonable planting technology, heavy metals and acidity in rainwater cause excessive metal in the grapes, surface black spots and residual dirt are formed, the grapes are good in quality and poor in taste, and in addition, the grapes are more in plant diseases and insect pests, so that chemical pesticides are widely applied, the pesticide residue amount is excessive, the requirements of safety and pollution-free are not met, the ecological requirements of consumers cannot be met, unreasonable fertilization enables a large amount of fertilizers to be used, and the fertility of soil is reduced and even is caked.
In view of the above related technologies, the inventor believes that the existing grape plants have the defect of low quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a regional covering grape planting method.
The invention provides a regional coverage grape planting method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a regional covering grape planting method comprises the following steps:
1) land arrangement: loosening the solid ground by using a soil turning machine, forming drainage ditches with the width of 30-45cm and the depth of 25-35cm on the loosened ground every 1.2m, and forming planting ridges between the two drainage ditches;
2) applying a base fertilizer: applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, wherein the fertilizing amount is 50% -65% of the annual fertilizing amount, applying base fertilizer to be matched with deep ploughing of soil, and applying the base fertilizer after early spring cold flow occurs;
3) arranging a greenhouse on every ten planting ridges, covering films on the greenhouse, building a grape trellis with the height of 1.8 m in the greenhouse by using steel pipes, and arranging a drainage ditch with the width of 40-55cm and the depth of 40-55cm between every two adjacent greenhouses;
4) transplanting grape branches, wherein the distance between two adjacent grape branches is 1-1.4m, watering the transplanted grape branches every other day, and the watering amount of each individual grape branch is 0.7-1L
5) Spraying 14mg/L gibberellin on the grape branches every 2 days within one month of grape branch transplantation;
6) after 4-5 months, performing root topdressing on the grapes, wherein the topdressing amount is 10% -15% of the annual fertilization amount;
7) spraying fertilizers outside roots two weeks before blooming in 6 months, wherein the fertilizers are mainly boric fertilizers, and beehives are placed in greenhouses, and each greenhouse is provided with one beehive;
8) after the flower spikes grow on the grape branches, carrying out flower spike thinning treatment, artificially thinning redundant and poorly developed flower spikes, reducing nutrient competition after flowering, and keeping a reasonable ratio of the fruit spikes to the leaf area (new tips) by means of flower spike trimming, fruit amount regulation, grain thinning and the like;
9) after the grapes blossom and bear fruits, carrying out fertilization again, wherein the fertilization accounts for 30-40% of the annual fertilization proportion, carrying out ear soaking operation by using gibberellin with the concentration of 15mg/L or Qibao solution with the concentration of 5mg/L, carrying out bagging operation on the ears by using special paper bags or old newspapers and the like immediately after the solution is dried completely, regularly checking whether the bags are damaged or not at the later stage, and spraying 10% Shibaoling suspending agent to protect the ears after the bags are broken;
10) when the grapes are ripe and the weather is fine, bag removing operation can be carried out 2-3 days in advance, illumination is improved, and coloring and ripening are promoted.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reasonable fertilization reduces to drop into and promotes the absorption effect of grape simultaneously, reduces the plant diseases and insect pests of grape through reasonable spraying pesticide etc..
Preferably, in the step 2), the organic fertilizer is chicken droppings, duck droppings and the like, the chemical fertilizer mainly comprises a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is 10: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fertility of the soil is improved, and the growth of the grapes is promoted.
Preferably, the additional fertilizer in the step 6) is mainly organic fertilizer and is added with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the absorption of the grape roots to nutrition is promoted, and the blossoming, pollination, fertilization and fruit setting of the grapes and the flower bud differentiation in the same year are all well influenced.
Preferably, in the step 7), elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, manganese and the like are added on the basis of the boron fertilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the young fruit is effectively promoted to expand, and the method is very important for flower bud differentiation of young shoots and auxiliary shoots.
Preferably, in the step 8), the operation of thinning the panicle needs to wait until the inflorescence stretches, and needs to be completed before flowering.
By adopting the technical scheme, the problem that the quality of the spica is difficult to comprehensively identify and the selectivity is wrong due to the fact that premature inflorescences are not stretched is avoided.
Preferably, in the step 9), the old newspaper paper bag has three specifications: A. the length is 28 cm, the width is 19 cm, and the corn ear harvester is used for lightly trimming the ears, thinning the fruits and weighing 550g of the ears; B. the length is 28 cm, the width is 26 cm, the cultivation method is used for large-spike cultivation, and the weight of the spike is 550 and 700 g; C. 38 cm long and 28 cm wide, and is used for fruit ears with weight larger than 700g, and the special paper bag is a wax-coated white paper bag with the size of 26.5 cm multiplied by 18.5 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the packages with different sizes are used for wrapping the grapes with different specifications, and the influence on the growth of the grapes is reduced.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
by reasonable fertilization amount control and application of different types of fertilizers at different periods, the targeted fertilization operation is performed, and the growth vigor of the grapes is improved; through the artificial treatment of grape spica, the advantages are eliminated, the nutrient sufficiency of good-growing grapes is ensured, and the grape quality is improved; the grape is sleeved with bags outside, and the grape is subjected to spike soaking operation, so that the pest and disease damage to the grape is reduced, and the yield of the grape is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a regional covering grape planting method. A regional covering grape planting method comprises the following steps:
1) land arrangement: loosening the solid ground by using a soil turning machine, forming drainage ditches with the width of 30-45cm and the depth of 25-35cm on the loosened ground every 1.2m, and forming planting ridges between the two drainage ditches;
2) applying a base fertilizer: applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, wherein the fertilizing amount is 50-65% of the fertilizing amount of the whole year, applying base fertilizer to be matched with deep ploughing of soil, and applying the base fertilizer after early spring cold flow occurs, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises chicken droppings, duck droppings and the like, the chemical fertilizer mainly comprises nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is 10: 1;
3) arranging a greenhouse on every ten planting ridges, covering films on the greenhouse, building a grape trellis with the height of 1.8 m in the greenhouse by using steel pipes, and arranging a drainage ditch with the width of 40-55cm and the depth of 40-55cm between every two adjacent greenhouses;
4) transplanting grape branches, wherein the distance between two adjacent grape branches is 1-1.4m, watering the transplanted grape branches every other day, and the watering amount of each individual grape branch is 0.7-1L
5) Spraying 14mg/L gibberellin on the grape branches every 2 days within one month of grape branch transplantation;
6) after 4-5 months, performing additional fertilizer on the roots of the grapes, wherein the additional fertilizer accounts for 10% -15% of the annual fertilizer application amount, the additional fertilizer mainly comprises organic fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer;
7) spraying fertilizer outside roots two weeks before flowering in 6 months, wherein the fertilizer is mainly boron fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, manganese and other elements are added on the basis of the boron fertilizer, and beehives are placed in greenhouses, and each greenhouse is provided with one beehive;
8) after the flower spike grows on the grape branch, carrying out flower spike thinning treatment, artificially thinning redundant and poorly developed flower spikes, reducing nutrient competition after flowering, and keeping reasonable ratio of the fruit spike and leaf area (new tip) through measures such as flower spike trimming, fruit yield adjustment, grain thinning and the like, wherein the flower spike thinning operation needs to be finished before flowering after the inflorescence extends;
9) after the grapes blossom and fruit, fertilizing again, wherein the fertilizing proportion accounts for 30% -40% of the annual fertilizing proportion, the ear soaking operation is carried out by gibberellin with the concentration of 15mg/L or Qibao solution with the concentration of 5mg/L, after the solution is dried completely, bagging operation of the ears is carried out immediately through special paper bags or old newspapers and the like, whether the bagging is damaged or not is periodically checked in the later period, 10% Shibaoling suspending agent is sprayed to protect the ears after the bagging is broken, and the old newspaper paper bags have three specifications: A. the length is 28 cm, the width is 19 cm, and the corn ear harvester is used for lightly trimming the ears, thinning the fruits and weighing 550g of the ears; B. the length is 28 cm, the width is 26 cm, the cultivation method is used for large-spike cultivation, and the weight of the spike is 550 and 700 g; C. the length is 38 cm, the width is 28 cm, the special paper bag is a wax-coated white paper bag with the weight of the ear being larger than 700g, and the special paper bag is a 26.5 cm multiplied by 18.5 cm;
10) when the grapes are ripe and the weather is fine, bag removing operation can be carried out 2-3 days in advance, illumination is improved, and coloring and ripening are promoted.
It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A regionalized covering grape planting method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) land arrangement: loosening the solid ground by using a soil turning machine, forming drainage ditches with the width of 30-45cm and the depth of 25-35cm on the loosened ground every 1.2m, and forming planting ridges between the two drainage ditches;
2) applying a base fertilizer: applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, wherein the fertilizing amount is 50% -65% of the annual fertilizing amount, applying base fertilizer to be matched with deep ploughing of soil, and applying the base fertilizer after early spring cold flow occurs;
3) arranging a greenhouse on every ten planting ridges, covering films on the greenhouse, building a grape trellis with the height of 1.8 m in the greenhouse by using steel pipes, and arranging a drainage ditch with the width of 40-55cm and the depth of 40-55cm between every two adjacent greenhouses;
4) transplanting grape branches, wherein the distance between two adjacent grape branches is 1-1.4m, watering the transplanted grape branches every other day, and the watering amount of each individual grape branch is 0.7-1L
5) Spraying 14mg/L gibberellin on the grape branches every 2 days within one month of grape branch transplantation;
6) after 4-5 months, performing root topdressing on the grapes, wherein the topdressing amount is 10% -15% of the annual fertilization amount;
7) spraying fertilizers outside roots two weeks before blooming in 6 months, wherein the fertilizers are mainly boric fertilizers, and beehives are placed in greenhouses, and each greenhouse is provided with one beehive;
8) after the flower spikes grow on the grape branches, carrying out flower spike thinning treatment, artificially thinning redundant and poorly developed flower spikes, reducing nutrient competition after flowering, and keeping a reasonable ratio of the fruit spikes to the leaf area (new tips) by means of flower spike trimming, fruit amount regulation, grain thinning and the like;
9) after the grapes blossom and bear fruits, carrying out fertilization again, wherein the fertilization accounts for 30-40% of the annual fertilization proportion, carrying out ear soaking operation by using gibberellin with the concentration of 15mg/L or Qibao solution with the concentration of 5mg/L, carrying out bagging operation on the ears by using special paper bags or old newspapers and the like immediately after the solution is dried completely, regularly checking whether the bags are damaged or not at the later stage, and spraying 10% Shibaoling suspending agent to protect the ears after the bags are broken;
10) when the grapes are ripe and the weather is fine, bag removing operation can be carried out 2-3 days in advance, illumination is improved, and coloring and ripening are promoted.
2. The method for planting grapes covered on an area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), the organic fertilizer is chicken droppings, duck droppings and the like, the chemical fertilizer mainly comprises a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is 10: 1.
3. The method for planting grapes covered on an area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 6), the additional fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer and is added with a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer.
4. The method for planting grapes covered on an area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 7), elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, manganese and the like are added on the basis of the boron fertilizer.
5. The method for planting grapes covered on an area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 8), the operation of thinning the panicles needs to be finished before flowering after the inflorescence stretches.
6. The method for planting grapes covered on an area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 9), the old newspaper paper bag has three specifications: A. the length is 28 cm, the width is 19 cm, and the corn ear harvester is used for lightly trimming the ears, thinning the fruits and weighing 550g of the ears; B. the length is 28 cm, the width is 26 cm, the cultivation method is used for large-spike cultivation, and the weight of the spike is 550 and 700 g; C. 38 cm long and 28 cm wide, and is used for fruit ears with weight larger than 700g, and the special paper bag is a wax-coated white paper bag with the size of 26.5 cm multiplied by 18.5 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111114003.4A CN113854033A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Regionalized coverage grape planting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111114003.4A CN113854033A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Regionalized coverage grape planting method |
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| CN113854033A true CN113854033A (en) | 2021-12-31 |
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| CN202111114003.4A Pending CN113854033A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Regionalized coverage grape planting method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115413527A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-02 | 合肥市孔勇家庭农场有限公司 | Grape planting method capable of improving yield |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103563714A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-12 | 丹阳市现代生态水产养殖场 | Grape planting method |
| CN106134699A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 新昌县七星街道鑫瑞机械厂 | A kind of implantation methods of grape |
| CN106305308A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-01-11 | 宣威市霖森农业科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of greenhouse organic grapes |
| CN107211821A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-29 | 益阳市大通湖区口口甜果业有限公司 | The implantation methods of grape |
| CN107333618A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-10 | 芜湖县兰馨油桃种植专业合作社 | A kind of multispan greenhouse grape cultivation method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-23 CN CN202111114003.4A patent/CN113854033A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103563714A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-12 | 丹阳市现代生态水产养殖场 | Grape planting method |
| CN106134699A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-23 | 新昌县七星街道鑫瑞机械厂 | A kind of implantation methods of grape |
| CN106305308A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2017-01-11 | 宣威市霖森农业科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of greenhouse organic grapes |
| CN107211821A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-29 | 益阳市大通湖区口口甜果业有限公司 | The implantation methods of grape |
| CN107333618A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-10 | 芜湖县兰馨油桃种植专业合作社 | A kind of multispan greenhouse grape cultivation method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115413527A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-02 | 合肥市孔勇家庭农场有限公司 | Grape planting method capable of improving yield |
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Application publication date: 20211231 |