CN113827557B - 一种防治放射性皮炎的中药膏 - Google Patents
一种防治放射性皮炎的中药膏 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及防治放射性皮炎的中药膏，可有效解决放射性皮炎的用药问题，其解决的技术方案是，该中药膏是由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭1‑10份、芒硝1‑10份、乳香2‑12份、牡蛎10‑20份、天花粉10‑20份和二氧化钛2‑12份，本发明原料丰富，组方合理，使用方便，效果好，全方共奏清热凉血、化瘀消肿之功效，有效用于防治放射性皮炎，是防治放射性皮炎药物上的创新。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药领域，特别是一种防治放射性皮炎的中药膏。
背景技术
放射治疗作为目前恶性肿瘤治疗的有效手段，已广泛应用于鼻咽癌、食管癌、乳腺癌等恶性肿瘤的治疗中，而放射线在杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时，也在一定程度上破坏了正常的组织细胞，使皮肤受到了不同程度的辐射损伤。放射性皮炎根据发生时间分为急性和慢性2种，急性患者初起即出现皮肤轻度水肿和充血性红斑，而后脱皮脱屑，甚者出现皮肤破溃、坏死、剧烈疼痛等；而慢性患者由于反复接受放射线治疗，皮肤表面逐渐出现粗糙干燥、皲裂，甚至可并发放射性纤维化。放射性皮炎的发生在一定程度上加重了患者的心理负担，严重影响了患者的生活质量，还可能影响到放射治疗的进程。其中急性患者症状较剧，控制不佳不但严重影响患者生活，还很容易转变为慢性放射性皮炎，因此发明一种治疗并改善急性放射性皮炎的药物势在必行。
发明内容
针对上述情况，为解决现有技术之缺陷，本发明之目的就是提供一种防治放射性皮炎的中药膏，可有效解决放射性皮炎的用药问题。
本发明解决的技术方案是，该中药膏是由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭1-10份、芒硝1-10份、乳香2-12份、牡蛎10-20份、天花粉10-20份和二氧化钛2-12份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温（23℃±2℃），加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器（非铜、铝、铁材质）中1-10天后，即得。
本发明原料丰富，组方合理，使用方便，效果好，全方共奏清热凉血、化瘀消肿之功效，有效用于防治放射性皮炎，是防治放射性皮炎药物上的创新。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
本发明在具体实施时，可由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭2份、芒硝2份、乳香3份、牡蛎11份、天花粉11份和二氧化钛3份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温（23℃±2℃），加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器（非铜、铝、铁材质）中1-10天后，即得。
实施例2
本发明在具体实施时，可由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭5份、芒硝5份、乳香7份、牡蛎15份、天花粉15份和二氧化钛7份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温（23℃±2℃），加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器（非铜、铝、铁材质）中1-10天后，即得。
实施例3
本发明在具体实施时，可由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭9份、芒硝9份、乳香11份、牡蛎19份、天花粉19份和二氧化钛11份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温（23℃±2℃），加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器（非铜、铝、铁材质）中1-10天后，即得。
本发明组方中，水蛭：咸、苦，平；有小毒。归肝经。破血，逐瘀，通经。用于症瘕痞块，血瘀经闭，跌扑损伤。
芒硝：咸、苦，寒。归胃、大肠经。泻热通便，润燥软坚，清火消肿。用于实热便秘，大便燥结，积滞腹痛，肠痈肿痛；外治乳痈，痔疮肿痛。
乳香：味辛；苦；微温。归经心；肝；脾经，活血行气；通经止痛；消肿生肌。主心腹疼痛；风湿痹痛；经闭痛经；跌打瘀痛；痈疽肿毒；肠痈；疮溃不敛。
牡蛎：咸，微寒。归肝、胆、肾经。重镇安神，潜阳补阴，软坚散结。用于惊悸失眠，眩晕耳鸣，瘰疬痰核，症瘕痞块。煅牡蛎收敛固涩。用于自汗盗汗，遗精崩带，胃痛吞酸。
天花粉：甘、微苦，微寒。归肺、胃经。清热生津，消肿排脓。用于热病烦渴，肺热燥咳，内热消渴，疮疡肿毒。
上述药物的有效组合，互相支持，水蛭为君，芒硝为臣，乳香、牡蛎为佐、天花粉为使药，全方共奏清热凉血、化瘀消肿之功效，有效用于防治放射性皮炎，并经临床实验取得了满意的有益技术效果，相关临床试验资料如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 对象
自2017年10月-2021年10月在河南中医药大学第一附属医院、第三附属医院收治的放射性皮炎患者共41例，男17例，女24例，鼻咽癌7例，食管癌5例，肺癌12例，乳腺癌9例，宫颈癌8例。
1.2 治疗方案
①预防性使用：放疗前将本发明实施例2制备的中药膏均匀涂抹至放射野周围皮肤，厚度约0.1-2毫米，保鲜膜覆盖；放疗结束后去除药膏，洗净皮肤，重新涂抹药膏至放射野皮肤，并超出放射野0.5-5厘米，厚度约0.1-2毫米，保鲜膜覆盖，保留1-24小时,使用整个放疗周期。放疗周期结束后按下述治疗性使用。
②治疗性使用：已发生放射性皮炎这，将实施例2制备的中药膏涂抹至病变皮肤，并超出病变皮肤0.5-5厘米，厚度约0.1-2毫米，保鲜膜覆盖，保留1-2小时，每天1-12次，1-15天为1疗程，可连续使用1-6疗程。
按上述治疗性方法使用，14天为1疗程，间隔48小时后开始下一疗程，连续使用2疗程。
1.3 诊断标准
根据美国放射治疗肿瘤组织对放射性皮炎的分级，分为5级：0级：皮肤无变化；1级：滤泡性暗红色斑，干性脱屑，出汗减少；2 级：中度水肿，红斑，片状湿性脱皮；3 级：皮肤皱褶以外部位的融合性湿性脱皮，凹陷性水肿；4 级：坏死、溃疡、出血。
1.4 疗效判定标准
治愈：皮肤恢复至正常；有效：皮肤未恢复至正常，但减轻程度大于2级；无效：达不到治愈或有效标准。总有效率=（治愈+有效）/总例数×100%。
2 结果
治愈6例（14.6%），有效33例（80.5%），无效2例（4.9%），总有效率为95.1%。
在整个治疗过程中，未见明显不良反应及异常。
经长期临床实践，服用其他实施例制备的中药均能取得相同或相似的治疗效果，不再一一详述。
3 典型病案
实例1：
宋某某，男，51岁，河南郑州市人
食管鳞癌放疗25次后1月余，前胸部皮肤放射性皮炎2月余，局部皮肤红肿、疼痛，弹性变差，毛发脱失，出汗减少。以本发明中药膏按治疗性使用，1天后症状即减轻，连续应用2周，症状基本缓解。
实例2：
姜某，女，53岁，河南安阳人
右肺腺癌，拟行放射治疗，放疗期间按上述预防性使用方法使用，放疗结束后继续按治疗性使用方法使用4疗程，未出现明显放射性皮炎。
实例3：
王某，男，66岁，河南焦作人
鼻咽癌放疗后20次后2周，面部皮肤放射性皮炎10余天。面部皮肤红肿、疼痛，弹性变差，毛发脱失，出汗减少，并有小面积皮肤破溃。以本发明药物按治疗性使用，3天后症状即减轻，10天后皮肤破溃愈合，红肿疼痛减轻，连续应用2月，症状基本消失。
本发明配伍科学合理，原料丰富，服用方便，效果好，总有效率为95.1%，全方共奏清热凉血、化瘀消肿之功效，可有效缓解放射性皮炎的临床症状，是防治放射性皮炎药物上的创新，具有良好的推广应用价值和实际的临床意义。
Claims (4)
1.一种防治放射性皮炎的中药膏，其特征在于，该中药膏是由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭1-10份、芒硝1-10份、乳香2-12份、牡蛎10-20份、天花粉10-20份和二氧化钛2-12份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温，加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器中1-10天后，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治放射性皮炎的中药膏，其特征在于，由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭2份、芒硝2份、乳香3份、牡蛎11份、天花粉11份和二氧化钛3份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温，加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器中1-10天后，即得。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治放射性皮炎的中药膏，其特征在于，由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭5份、芒硝5份、乳香7份、牡蛎15份、天花粉15份和二氧化钛7份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温，加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器中1-10天后，即得。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防治放射性皮炎的中药膏，其特征在于，由以下重量份数计的原料药物制成：水蛭9份、芒硝9份、乳香11份、牡蛎19份、天花粉19份和二氧化钛11份，其中，将芒硝、二氧化钛按上述比例共研为细混合粉，过100-200目筛，备用；水蛭、乳香、牡蛎、天花粉按上述比例共研为粗混合粉，过4-10目筛，将粗混合粉加入0.5-3倍体积的10-95%的酒精浸泡1-10天，过滤，酒精药液备用；药渣加0.5-3倍体积蒸馏水煎煮10-60分钟，过滤出药液与上述酒精药液混合，过80-150目筛，文火熬制成稀糊状，加入0.1-0.8倍体积的蜂蜡并混匀，加入0.3-1.5倍体积的有水羊毛脂并混匀，放置至室温，加入0.05-0.7倍体积的角鲨烷、0.01-0.1倍体积的氮酮及上述细混合粉混匀，置入密闭容器中1-10天后，即得。
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