CN113826529A

CN113826529A - Soilless culture medium and production method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113826529A
Application number: CN202010583736.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴文希
Original assignee: Yangling Meiting Cross Strait Agricultural Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Yangling Meiting Cross Strait Agricultural Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-23
Filing date: 2020-06-23
Publication date: 2021-12-24

Abstract

The invention provides a soilless culture medium and a production method thereof, wherein the soilless culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 25-50% of filling matrix and 50-75% of nutrient matrix, wherein the filling matrix comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 25-75% of tile particles and 25-75% of coconut fiber, wherein the particle size of the tile technology is 0.5-15 mm; the nutrient medium comprises plant tissues and animal excrement, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the nutrient medium is 25-35: 1. the filling substrate and the nutrient substrate are stirred and mixed and combined with the bacillus cereus and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, so that under the condition of utilizing low cost, waste and renewable resources, on one hand, a good nutrient environment is provided for the growth of crops, the growth condition of the crops is improved, on the other hand, the soilless culture medium can be used in urban environments lacking soil cultivation, and the soilless culture medium does not contain harmful organisms and non-biological substances polluting the crops, human bodies and the environment, and is suitable for the cultivation of organic crops.

Description

Soilless culture medium and production method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of cultivation/planting, and particularly relates to a soilless culture medium and a production method thereof.

Background

Considering that farmland soil in many areas is polluted by pesticides or industrial byproducts, or contains various pathogenic biological factors, so that the quality and quantity of crop production and the health of eaters are influenced, and the development of modern intelligent agriculture and urban agriculture is suitable, low-cost and multifunctional soilless culture media (SS) are developed, wherein two main components of the SS are Filling Substrates (FS) which are used for keeping moisture and air permeability in the SS; the second is a Nutrient Substrate (NS) which is used for providing nutrients needed by plants. The soilless culture medium FS sold in the market generally has the disadvantages of increasingly shortage and high price of peat (peat) in nature, vermiculite (vermiculite), perlite (perlite), and snake wood bits; NS is generally mostly chemical fertilizer, so the soilless culture medium formed by the NS is expensive and is not acceptable to consumers.

For example, patent application CN102077763A discloses a biological seedling culture medium, which comprises pig manure Compost (CSM) or cow manure compost (CCM) 10-80% of the total volume, peat soil 10-80% and vermiculite 10-80%, wherein peat soil and vermiculite are non-renewable resources, and are expensive and the cost cannot be reduced. Patent application CN104982252B discloses a method for preparing a vegetable seedling raising matrix from agricultural wastes, which mainly comprises organic solid wastes, earthworms and crop straws, but the earthworm breeding technology is not perfect, the earthworm breeding technology is an investment on fruit growers, and the nutritional value is difficult to meet the requirements of most crops. Patent application CN103380721B discloses an organic ecological soilless culture method for cherry tomatoes, wherein media mainly comprise 35-45% of Indian coconut chaff, 35-45% of China fir sawdust, 13-17% of river sand, 4-6% of straws and fertilizers, the preparation is complex, application objects are mainly cherry tomatoes, and the application range is too small.

Therefore, it is necessary to research how to produce a culture medium which is low in price, high in nutritional value and suitable for soilless culture of various crops by avoiding the input of non-renewable resources, utilizing various wastes and renewable resources and matching with microorganisms.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a soilless culture medium utilizing wastes and renewable resources and a production method thereof, which can avoid consuming limited resources in the nature and are suitable for organic crop culture, so as to avoid the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the soilless culture medium has a pH value of 5.8-7.2, and comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 25-50% of filling matrix and 50-75% of nutrient matrix, wherein the filling matrix comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 25-75% of tile particles and 25-75% of coconut fiber, wherein the particle size of the tile particles is 0.5-15 mm; the nutrient medium comprises plant tissues and animal excrement, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the nutrient medium is 25-35: 1.

the plant tissue is one or more of rice bran, wine lees and grain crop harvesting residues, and the grain crop harvesting residues comprise one or more of wheat, barley, oat, rye, highland barley, indica rice, japonica rice, rice, corn, sorghum, millet, yellow rice and buckwheat.

Herein, the animal excrement includes one or more of horse, sheep, duck, goose, pig, cow, chicken and earthworm excrement.

Preferably, the animal excrement is one or more of pig, cattle and chicken excrement.

Here, one or more of the following substances are also included: natural phosphate ore powder and Eszolman powder.

Here, granite ore powder or bone powder is also included.

Here, the soilless culture medium further includes microorganisms of one of bacillus cereus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens or a mixture thereof.

The proportion by volume of the microorganisms in the nutrient medium is 0.1 to 0.5%.

Preferably, the microorganism comprises bacillus cereus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the ratio of the bacillus cereus to the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 1: 1.

Meanwhile, the production method of the soilless culture medium utilizing the wastes and the renewable resources, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps of:

firstly, uniformly mixing crushed waste tile particles with the particle size of 0.5-15mm and coconut fiber according to a proportion to form a filling matrix for blending; secondly, mixing the plant tissue residues with animal excreta to keep the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture at 25-35:1, adding bacillus cereus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fermenting for 1-2 months, adding natural phosphate ore powder and the Izodi powder after the fermentation is finished and thoroughly decomposed, stirring and mixing to form a nutrient medium for blending; finally, the filling substrate and the nutrient substrate are mixed and blended according to the proportion, and the pH is adjusted to be between 5.8 and 7.2 by adding lime or sulfur, so as to form the soilless culture medium.

Here, the mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2-4 parts of straw, 1 part of rice bran, 1-3 parts of vinasse, 1 part of chicken manure, 1 part of pig manure and 1 part of cow manure.

The soilless culture medium provided by the invention is suitable for one or more of the following crops: chrysanthemum, catharanthus roseus, sweet pepper, Chinese flowering crabapple, French Chinese flowering crabapple, jonquil, zinnia, impatiens balsamina, tomato, carrot, sweet potato, white radish, lettuce, cabbage, tomato (including cherry tomato and tomato), cucumber and pepper.

The invention has the advantages of

The invention mainly utilizes waste and renewable resources, can effectively avoid consuming limited resources in the nature and protect the environment, wherein the filling substrate is processed by agricultural and construction waste, the waste tile particles and mature coir are mainly utilized to replace the prior common peat, thereby reducing the cost, avoiding using non-renewable resources and avoiding damaging the environment, and the invention is combined with the nutrient substrate to become a material of a soilless culture medium for crops, can be used for crop production on one hand and can be used in urban environments lacking soil cultivation on the other hand, and the invention does not contain harmful organisms and non-biological substances polluting crops, human bodies and the environment and is suitable for the cultivation of organic crops. The Bacillus cereus and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens added in the method can effectively promote the growth and development of plants and protect the normal growth of the plants, such as promoting the rooting of chrysanthemum cutting seedlings, promoting the normal growth and development of spring everyday and the like.

The soilless culture medium is high in nutritive value, contains nutrient elements required by crop growth, is suitable for various crops such as chrysanthemum, catharanthus roseus, sweet pepper, malus toringoides, malus franciscensis, jonquil, zinnia, impatiens balsamina, tomatoes, carrots, sweet potatoes, white radishes, lettuce, cabbages, tomatoes (including cherry tomatoes and big tomatoes), cucumbers, hot peppers and the like, is superior to field soil in growth effect and is superior to a culture medium (BVB-4) from the Netherlands, and compared with peat, the filling medium provides better water permeability and air permeability for the crops and has better use effect.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a comparison of the effect of soilless culture media example 1 of the present invention on chrysanthemum as compared to comparative example and no treatment example;

FIG. 2 is a comparison of the effect of example soilless culture medium 1 of the present invention on Catharanthus roseus compared to no treatment;

FIG. 3 is a comparison of the effect of the soilless culture media of examples 1-2 of the present invention on sweet pepper as compared to a comparative example;

FIG. 4-1 is a comparison of the effect of examples 1-3 of the soilless culture medium of the present invention on the begonia senilis, wherein the begonia senilis is in a potted state, with the comparative example;

FIG. 4-2 is a comparison of the effect of examples 1-3 of the soilless culture medium of the present invention on the begonia senilis, wherein the begonia senilis is in a cleaned state;

FIG. 5-1 is a comparison of the effect of examples 1-3 of the soilless culture medium of the present invention on the growth of a Malus France in a potted state with a comparative example;

FIG. 5-2 is a comparison of the effect of examples 1-3 of soilless culture media of the present invention on the effect of comparative examples on the malus France in a post-cleaning state;

FIG. 6 is a comparison of the effect of soilless culture media examples 1-3 of the present invention and comparative examples on jonquil;

FIG. 7 is a comparison of the effect of examples 1-2 of soilless culture media of the present invention on zinnia compared to a comparative example;

FIG. 8 is a comparison of the effect of the soilless culture media of examples 1-2 of the present invention on tomatoes as compared to a comparative example;

FIG. 9 is a comparison of the effect of soilless culture media examples 1-2 of the present invention and comparative examples on touch-me-not;

FIG. 10 is a comparison of the effect of the soilless culture media of examples 1-2 of the present invention on carrots with a comparative example;

FIG. 11 shows the growth state of tomatoes of the present invention in example 2 and the comparative example;

FIG. 12 is the state after 75 days of growth in tomato combination example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a state after 45 days of growth in cabbage binding example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a state after 60 days of growth in cabbage-binding example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 shows the lettuce of the present invention grown for 30 days in the example 2;

fig. 16 is a state after 90 days of growth in the pepper combination example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.

Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to represent selected embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

The soilless culture medium provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by volume, wherein the pH value of the soilless culture medium is 5.8-7.2: 25-50% of filling matrix and 50-75% of nutrient matrix, wherein the filling matrix comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 25-75% of tile particles and 25-75% of coconut fiber, wherein the particle size of the tile particles is 0.5-15 mm; the nutrient medium comprises plant tissues and animal excrement, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the nutrient medium is 25-35:1, preferably 30:1, the plant tissue is one or more of rice bran, wine lees and grain crop harvesting residues, the grain crop harvesting residues comprise one or more of wheat, barley, oat, rye, highland barley, indica rice, japonica rice, rice, corn, sorghum, millet, yellow rice and buckwheat, the animal excrement comprises one or more of animal excrement including one or more of horse, sheep, duck, goose, pig, cattle, chicken and earthworm excrement, in particular one or more of pig, cattle and chicken excrement.

The material also comprises natural phosphate ore powder, Ezoma powder, granite ore powder or bone powder, wherein the granite ore powder or the bone powder can be selected.

The soilless culture medium further comprises one or a mixture of bacillus cereus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the volume ratio of the bacillus cereus to the bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the nutrient medium is 0.1-0.5%, and particularly comprises the bacillus cereus and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the ratio of the bacillus cereus to the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 1: 1-3.

A further aspect of the invention is a method for producing the soilless culture medium, including the steps of:

s1: uniformly mixing crushed waste tile particles with the particle size of 0.5-15mm and coconut fiber according to a proportion to form a filling matrix for blending;

s2: mixing plant tissue residues with animal excrement to keep the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture at 25-35:1, adding bacillus cereus and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fermenting for 1-2 months, adding natural phosphate ore powder (1g/L) and izome (1g/L) powder after the fermentation is finished and decomposed, stirring and mixing to form a nutrient medium for blending, wherein the mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 3 parts of straw, 1 part of rice bran, 2 parts of vinasse, 1 part of chicken manure, 1 part of pig manure and 1 part of cow manure;

s3: mixing the filling substrate and the nutrient substrate according to a proportion, and adding lime or sulfur to adjust the pH value to be between 5.8 and 7.2 to form the soilless culture medium.

Example 1

Selecting crushed waste tile particles with the particle size of 0.5-15mm, and mixing the crushed waste tile particles with the coconut fiber according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form 1L of filling matrix.

Selecting 3 parts of straws, 1 part of rice bran, 2 parts of vinasse, 1 part of chicken manure, 1 part of pig manure and 1 part of cow manure, uniformly mixing and stirring to form 1L of filling matrix, adding 0.001L of bacillus cereus and 0.001L of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fermenting for about 1.5 months, and adding 1g of natural phosphate ore powder, 1g of Izodi powder and 1g of granite ore powder to form the nutrient matrix.

Mixing 1L of filling substrate with 1L of nutrition substrate to form the soilless culture medium.

Example 2

Selecting 3 parts of straws, 1 part of rice bran, 2 parts of vinasse, 1 part of chicken manure, 1 part of pig manure and 1 part of cow manure, uniformly mixing and stirring to form 2L of filling matrix, adding 0.001L of bacillus cereus and 0.001L of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, fermenting for about 1.5 months, and adding 1g of natural phosphate ore powder, 1g of Izodi powder and 1g of granite ore powder to form the nutrient matrix.

Mixing 1L of filling substrate and 2L of nutrition substrate to form the soilless culture medium.

Example 3

Selecting crushed waste tile particles with the particle size of 0.5-15mm, and mixing the crushed waste tile particles with the coconut fiber according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to form 3L filling matrix.

Mixing 1L of filling substrate and 3L of nutrition substrate to form the soilless culture medium.

TABLE I comparison of the growth of the roots of Chrysanthemum flowers after example 1, comparative example (growth hormone NAA) and no treatment

Item	Weight (Gong Ke)	Root length (centimeter)
			Growth hormone (NAA)	32^a	72^a
Example 1	35^a	75^a
			Without treatment	21^b	0^b

Wherein, 30 cuttage chrysanthemums, 10 cuttage chrysanthemums/pot and 3 pots are prepared respectively corresponding to the non-treatment, the comparative example (plant rooting hormone NAA) and the example 1; the test was repeated once and measured 2 weeks after cutting. The english letters after the numerals are the same, and indicate no difference in significance (p ═ 0.05) by least significant difference test (LSD).

According to the data and the figure 1, the chrysanthemum in the embodiment 1 can obviously promote the rooting of the chrysanthemum cutting seedlings, the effect is slightly superior to that of plant rooting hormone NAA, the chrysanthemum does not have the phenomenon of stem rot, and the chrysanthemum has certain control effect.

TABLE II comparison of growth of malus sempervirens after treatment in examples 1-3 with the comparative example (commercial cultivation Medium (BVB-4) manufactured by the Netherlands)

Item	Stem length (centimeter)	Root length (centimeter)	Fresh weight (Gong Ke)
				Example 1	15.3^b	5.6^c	47.2^b
Example 2	16.0^a	10.4^a	56.0^a
				Example 3	14.7^b	8.0^b	40.3^c
BVB-4	14.0^c	3.6^d	26.1^d

Wherein the data in table two are measured from begonia senilis after 30 days of growth, and the letters after the number are the same, indicating that there is no significance (p is 0.05) difference in the least significant difference test (LSD), and the sweet pepper is treated in examples 1-3 and comparative example (commercial culture medium (BVB-4) manufactured by netherlands) to compare the growth thereof

Wherein, the data in the third table are obtained by measuring the height and dry weight of the sweet pepper after 21 days of growth (the plant is placed at 60 ℃ for 48hr), and the numbers are the same as the English letters, which indicate that there is no significant difference (p is 0.05) by the least significant difference test (LSD).

TABLE IV comparison of the growth of zinnia elegans treated in examples 1-2 with the control (commercial cultivation Medium (BVB-4) manufactured by the Netherlands)

Item	Stem length (centimeter)	Dry weight (gram)
			Example 1	19.0^b	0.09^b
Example 2	22.3^a	0.12^a
			BVB-4	13.7^c	0.07^b

Wherein, the data in table four are obtained by measuring the height and dry weight of zinnia (plant is placed at 60 ℃ for 48hr) after 14 days of growth, and the same English letters after the numbers indicate no significant difference (p is 0.05) by least significant difference test (LSD).

TABLE V comparison of tomato growth after treatment of examples 1-2 with a comparative example (commercial cultivation Medium (BVB-4) manufactured by the Netherlands)

Item	Dry weight (gram)/(basin)
		Example 1	6.90^a
Example 2	6.00^a
		BVB-4	1.24^b

Wherein the data in table five are obtained from tomato height and dry weight measurements (plants were left at 60 ℃ for 48hr) after 14 days of growth, and the numbers followed by the same english letters indicate no significant (p ═ 0.05) difference by least significant difference test (LSD).

As can be seen from tables I to V, the results of the experiments of examples 1 to 3 are all superior to the results of the treatment of BVB-4, and examples 1 to 2 are superior to example 3, wherein the best results are obtained from example 2 and the best results are obtained from the cultivation of the above crops.

Furthermore, in order to test the production capacity of crops to evaluate the practicability of the soilless culture medium, ten crops (three types of vegetable and fruit crops respectively including root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables and the like) such as sweet potatoes, carrots, radishes, lettuce, cabbages, tomatoes (tomatoes and tomatoes), cucumbers, hot peppers, sweet peppers and the like are selected and planted in planting troughs or planting baskets containing the soilless culture medium and field soil respectively. Transplanting seedlings were used for the test crops except for the sweet potato using cuttings (slip), 40 plants were planted for each crop, and the four replicates were divided, 20 of the plants used in example 2 and 20 of the plants used in the field, the plants tested were arranged in a random complete block design, and after growing for a certain number of days (due to the different maturity stages of the crops), the plants were harvested according to two treatments (i.e., planted in example 2 and the field), the average weight of the individual plants or the individual fruits was measured and measured in x²Comparing the difference degrees in the mode, and repeating the test once to obtain various data in the sixth table.

TABLE VI comparison of the yields of various crops after example 2 and the comparative example (normal field soil)

Wherein, the sweet potato is harvested 120 days after being planted by cutting (slip), 5 plants are harvested after each repetition according to two treatments, the maximum three weight is weighed for each plant, 60 plants are tested, and the test is repeated once for 120 plants in total.

Carrot seedlings are harvested 2 months after transplantation, 5 seedlings are harvested for each repetition according to two treatments, the total number of each treatment is 20/test, and the total number of the tests is 40.

Radish seedlings were harvested 80 days after transplantation, 5 plants were harvested for each repetition of the two treatments, 20 plants/test were counted for each repetition, and 40 plants were counted for each repetition of the test.

Lettuce seedlings were harvested 50 days after transplantation, 5 plants were harvested for each repetition of the two treatments, 20 plants were counted per test, and 40 plants were counted in one test repetition.

The cabbage seedlings were harvested 90 days after transplantation, 5 plants were harvested for each repetition of the two treatments, 20 plants/test were counted for each repetition, and 40 plants were counted for each repetition of the test. .

Harvesting 75 days after transplanting the young tomato seedlings, and weighing 10 fruits/plants which are the earliest mature at the lowest layer; the two treatments were performed for a total of 200 grains/trial per repeat of 5 harvested plants, and the trial was repeated once for a total of 400 grains.

Harvesting 75 days after the transplanting of the young cattle tomato, and weighing 3 fruits/plants which are the earliest mature at the lowest layer; the two treatments were performed in a total of 60 treatments per trial per repeat of 5 harvested plants, and the trial was repeated a total of 120 times.

And harvesting the young cucumbers 60 days after the young cucumbers are transplanted. Taking 3 fruits/plants which are mature at the earliest stage at the lowest layer, and weighing; for each 5 harvests per treatment repeat, there were a total of 60 treatments per test, and the test was repeated a total of 120.

Collected 90 days after the transplantation of the pepper seedlings. Taking 5 fruits/plants which are mature at the earliest stage at the lowest layer, and weighing; the two treatments were repeated for 5 plants each, for a total of 100 treatments per test, and the test was repeated once for a total of 200 treatments.

And harvesting 90 days after the sweet pepper seedlings are transplanted. Taking 3 fruits/plants which are the earliest mature at the lowest layer, and weighing; the two treatments were performed in a total of 60 treatments per trial per repeat of 5 harvested plants, and the trial was repeated a total of 120 times.

From table six, it can be seen that the ten test crops planted in the planting troughs or baskets with the soilless culture medium formulation of example 2 exhibited significantly more yield per unit (plant or lot) than those planted in the field soil (p 0.05).

It should be noted that the scope of the present invention is defined not by the above-described embodiments but by the appended claims and their equivalents.

In FIG. 1, from left to right, the chrysanthemum cutting seedlings are treated without treatment, in a comparative example (plant rooting hormone NAA) and in example 1.

From left to right in FIG. 2, Catharanthus roseus was treated in the absence of treatment and in example 1. The vinca rosea treated in example 1 showed significantly better growth and development than the non-treated vinca rosea.

In FIG. 3, from left to right, the growth states of pimento in comparative example 1 (tile crumble), comparative example 2 (coir), example 1 and example 2 are shown. It can be known that the normal growth and development of sweet pepper can not be supported by the simple brick and tile crumbs and the coconut fibers, and the growth and development of sweet pepper can be effectively promoted by the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 under the complete formula state.

In fig. 4-1, the growth states of the begonia senilis in the comparative example (BVB-4), example 3, example 2 and example 1 are shown from left to right, wherein ck represents the comparative example, and numerals 1 to 3 represent examples 1 to 3, respectively. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1 to 3 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In fig. 4-2, the states of the begonia senilis after washing in the comparative example (BVB-4), example 1, example 2 and example 3 are shown from left to right, respectively, and ck in the figure represents the comparative example, and numerals 1 to 3 represent examples 1 to 3, respectively. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1 to 3 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In FIG. 5-1, the growth status of Malus France in example 2, example 3, example 1 and comparative example (BVB-4) is shown from left to right, and the numbers 1-3 in the figure represent examples 1-3 and BVB-4 represents comparative example. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1 to 3 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In fig. 5-2, the states of the crabapple of france after the growth cleaning in comparative example 1(Peat), comparative example 2(BVB-4) and examples 1-3 are shown from left to right, and the treatment effect of comparative example 1-3 is obviously better than that of comparative example 1-2, in which comparative example 1(Peat) represents Peat soil.

In FIG. 6, from left to right, the growth status of jonquil in example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1(BVB-4), comparative example 2 (peat), respectively, is shown. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1 to 3 are superior to those of comparative examples 1 to 2.

In fig. 7, the growth state of zinnia at the comparative example (BVB-4), example 1 and example 2 is shown from left to right. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1-2 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In FIG. 8, from left to right, the growth state of tomatoes in example 1, comparative example (BVB-4) and example 2 are shown. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1-2 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In fig. 9, from left to right, the growth state of impatiens balsamina in comparative example (BVB-4), example 1, and example 2, respectively. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1-2 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In FIG. 10, the growth state of carrot in example 1 and comparative example (BVB-4), example 2, is shown from left to right. It is apparent that the treatment effects of examples 1-2 are superior to those of the comparative example.

In fig. 11, the upper left side of the picture is the growth state of the tomatoes in example 2 (in the trough), and the lower right side of the picture is the growth state of the tomatoes in the comparative example (field soil). It is apparent that the treatment effect of example 2 is superior to that of the comparative example.

According to the tables and the drawings, it can be known that the growth of chrysanthemum, four seasons and french begonia in the soilless culture medium with three different mixture ratios in the invention (i.e. the examples 1-3) is remarkably better (p is 0.05) than the growth state cultured by BVB-4, namely the stem length, the root length and the fresh weight, especially the example 2 (p is 0.05) can promote the growth of two begonia better than the examples 1 and 3, and the growth state of sweet pepper, longevo, tomato, impatiens and carrot is also greatly improved. The growth and development and yield of sweet potatoes, carrots, radishes, lettuce, cabbages, tomatoes (tomatoes and cattle tomatoes), cucumbers, hot peppers and sweet peppers are greatly improved. With reference to fig. 12-16, the results of three crops harvested from underground tissues clearly show that the soilless culture medium of the present invention does not interfere with the development of the roots of the plants, but rather, the filling substrate composed of the broken brick and tile grains and the coconut fibers provides good water permeability and air permeability for the soilless culture medium of the present invention; from the results of two kinds of leaf vegetables and five kinds of fruit vegetables, the soilless culture medium of the invention contains enough nutrient elements required by the growth of various crops, so the soilless culture medium has good use effect and can provide good help for producing high-quality agricultural products.

Claims

1. A soilless culture medium characterized by:

the soilless culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 25-50% of filling substrate and 50-75% of nutrient substrate;

the filling matrix comprises the following components in percentage by volume: brick and tile particles 25-75%, coconut fiber 25-75%; the nutrient medium comprises plant tissues and animal excrement, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio of the nutrient medium is 25-35: 1.

2. a soilless culture medium utilizing waste and renewable resources as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the volume percentage of the filling substrate to the nutrition substrate is 1: 1-3.

3. The soilless culture medium of claim 1, wherein the plant tissue is one or more of rice bran, distillers' grains, and residues of harvested cereal crops, including one or more of wheat, barley, oat, rye, highland barley, indica rice, japonica rice, rice, corn, sorghum, millet, yellow rice, and buckwheat;

the animal excrement comprises one or more of pig excrement, cow excrement and chicken excrement;

the particle size of the tile particles is between 0.5 and 15 mm.

4. A soilless culture medium according to claim 1 wherein the pH of the soilless culture medium is from 5.8 to 7.2.

5. A soilless culture medium according to claim 1 wherein the soilless culture medium further includes one or more of the following: natural phosphate ore powder and Eszolman powder.

6. A soilless culture medium according to claim 5 wherein the soilless culture medium further includes granite ore powder or bone meal.

7. A soilless culture medium according to claim 5 wherein the soilless culture medium further comprises one or more of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the mixture thereof, the ratio of said microorganisms to the volume of the nutrient medium is 0.1-0.5%.

8. A soilless culture medium according to claim 7 wherein said microorganisms include Bacillus cereus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a ratio of 1: 1.

9. A method of producing a soilless culture medium as claimed in claim 1 including the steps of:

s2: mixing the plant tissue residues with animal excrement to keep the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture at 25-35:1, fermenting for 1-2 months, adding bacillus cereus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, natural phosphate ore powder and Eszolm powder after the fermentation is finished and thoroughly decomposed, and stirring and mixing to form a nutrient medium for blending;

10. A soilless culture medium according to claim 8 wherein, in S2, the mixture includes the following components in parts by mass: 3 parts of straw, 1 part of rice bran, 2 parts of vinasse, 1 part of chicken manure, 1 part of pig manure and 1 part of cow manure.

11. A soilless culture medium according to any one of claims 1-8 wherein the soilless culture medium is adapted for use with one or more of chrysanthemum, vinca rosea, sweet pepper, malus vulgaris, malus spectabilis, jonquil, zinnia, impatiens balsamina, tomato, carrot, sweet potato, white radish, lettuce, cabbage, tomato, gherkin, capsicum.