CN113816722B - 耐热陶瓷岩板、制造方法及废玻璃清洁再利用处理方法 - Google Patents

耐热陶瓷岩板、制造方法及废玻璃清洁再利用处理方法 Download PDF

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CN113816722B
CN113816722B CN202111127409.6A CN202111127409A CN113816722B CN 113816722 B CN113816722 B CN 113816722B CN 202111127409 A CN202111127409 A CN 202111127409A CN 113816722 B CN113816722 B CN 113816722B
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heat
resistant ceramic
rock plate
lithium
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CN113816722A (zh
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古战文
黄建平
王永强
朱立洪
肖惠银
邓江文
戴怀方
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Guangdong Dongwei New Material Co ltd
Jiangxi Hemei Ceramics Co Ltd
Jiangxi Wonderful Ceramics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品及其制造方法。所述耐热陶瓷岩板产品的坯体，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：岩晶石25～45％、高塑性泥料25～30％、湖南水磨钠砂5～10％、高白水磨钾砂5～7％、堇青石3‑10％、镁铝尖晶石陶瓷废料粉3～10％、锂铝硅玻璃废料粉5～20％、锂霞石3～7％、三聚磷酸钠0.3～0.5％、羧甲基纤维素钠0.1～0.2％、木质素0.4～0.8％、液体825甲基0.2～0.3％。

Description

耐热陶瓷岩板、制造方法及废玻璃清洁再利用处理方法
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷岩板技术领域，特别涉及一种具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品、耐热陶瓷岩板产品制造方法及其废玻璃清洁再利用系统处理方法。
背景技术
现有透光砖(板)一般采用降低配方中的铝含量来增加玻璃相，或以高石英质，或以“钾钠”、“高钙、钠”形成折射率较低的钙长石晶相来实现透光效果，均是通过增加玻璃相和溶剂性原料降低粘土的用量和添加白云石的方式引入Na2O和CaO来实现透光效果，但这些透光砖(板)的透光率较低，且产品脆性较大，耐热性能不佳，尤其是后期进行水刀或桥切等切割加工时容易产生炸裂、崩边和崩角缺陷。
例如CN101898891B所公开的一种半透光性陶瓷材料、陶瓷薄板及其制备方法，CN201911182617.9所公开的一种定位晶花透光陶瓷砖及其制备方法,两个技术方案均是采用“钾钠”配方体系，所形成的产品虽然具有透光性能，但是耐热性能不佳，产品脆性大，后期加工成活率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有透光性陶瓷岩板产品的制造方法，尤其是能有效解决透光陶瓷岩板在生产过程出现抗折强度过低、变形严重、切割裂等生产问题的制造方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，其特殊之处在于，所述耐热陶瓷岩板产品的坯体，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：岩晶石25～45％、高塑性泥料25～30％、湖南水磨钠砂5～10％、高白水磨钾砂5～7％、堇青石3-10％、镁铝尖晶石陶瓷废料粉3～10％、锂铝硅玻璃废料粉5～20％、锂霞石3～7％、三聚磷酸钠0.3～0.5％、羧甲基纤维素钠0.1～0.2％、木质素0.4～0.8％、液体825甲基0.2～0.3％。
作为优选：所述岩晶石由石英、斜长石、微斜长石、硬水铝石四种矿物组合而成，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 76.64％、Al2O3 12.98％、CaO 1.25％、Fe2O3 0.09％、TiO2 0.02％、K2O 5.53％、Na2O 3.34％、CeO20.004％、La2O3 0.002％、Nd2O3 0.001％、Loss0.153％。
作为优选：所述液体825甲基为可降解型高吸水性羧甲基淀粉钠的混合溶液，其配方为：水或水-乙醇82％、高吸水性羧甲基淀粉钠17.5％、丙酸钙0.2％、苯甲酸0.3％；制备工艺为：用水或水-乙醇充分润湿高吸水性羧甲基淀粉钠后加入丙酸钙、苯甲酸搅拌均匀，最后陈腐24小时后可以使用。
作为优选：所述高塑性泥料按重量百分比由以下组份组成：强塑泥8.5％、原矿高白土37.5％、羊油矸：25％、球粘土21.7％、锂基膨润土7.3％。
作为优选：所述高塑性泥料的细度控制参数为：200目筛余≤2％；强塑泥的可塑性指数Ip>16；原矿高白土白度81°，比表面积30～50m2/g，晶形为100％天然纳米管状结构，直径0.1～0.4μm，长度＜0.5μm，其中铝含量＞24％、铁含量＜0.3％，游离石英的含量＜10％；羊油矸铝含量＞34％、铁含量＜0.5％；锂基膨润土比表面积80～100m2/g，采用天然膨润土经碳酸锂改性而成。
作为优选：所述锂铝硅玻璃废料粉是在锂铝硅玻璃板生产成型、强化、抛光或切割成若干个玻璃片过程中所产生的锂铝硅玻璃边角废料，经过立体旋转辊筒式自动清洗与过筛或破碎、二次过筛工序的废玻璃清洁再利用系统处理而得。
本发明的另一技术解决方案是所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品制造方法，其特殊之处在于，包括以下步骤：
⑴坯料制浆；
⑵喷雾干燥造粒制粉；
⑶干压成型；
⑷施底釉；其中底釉按重量百分比由以下组份组成：锂霞石15～25％、球土8～10％、煅烧高岭土10～13％、钾长石25～35％、锂瓷石9～15％、硅灰石8～12％、氧化铝3～10％、硅酸锆0～5％、325目超细石英8～10％；
⑸表面图案装饰；
⑹施透明保护釉；其中透明保护面釉按重量百分比由以下组份组成：高铝高钙熔块粉12～16％、高硅高钙熔块20～25％、锂铝硅废玻璃粉15～25％、钠长石25～30％、高岭土5～8％、煅烧高岭土0～5％、透灰石2～5％、氧化锌2～4％、白云石7～10％、CMC 0.2～0.3％、三聚磷酸钠0.3～0.5％；
⑺高温烧成；烧成温度1145℃～1165℃，1000℃前的升温曲线为8℃/min，1000℃至最高烧成温度的升温曲线为5℃/min，同时在最高烧成温度下保温13min。
作为优选：步骤⑹所述高铝高钙熔块粉的化学成分，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 48～50％、Al2O3 25～27％、K2O 2～3％、Na2O 0.5～1％、CaO 17～19％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 1.5～2％、Fe2O3 0～0.05％，TiO2 0～0.03％，B2O3 0～0.1％；所述高硅高钙熔块粉的化学成分，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 60～62％、Al2O3 14～16％、K2O 0.2～0.5、Na2O 0.1～0.3％、CaO 20～21％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 0～0.01％、Fe2O3 0～0.05％，TiO20～0.01％，B2O3 0～0.1％。
作为优选：制得的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，产品体积密度为2.411～2.431，吸水率为0.027～0.031％，白度为60～65°，弹性限度为14～18mm，热膨胀系数为：25～450℃为5.23x10-6/℃～5.69x10-6/℃、25～650℃为6.00x10-6/℃～6.17x10-6/℃，耐热性能为：20～450℃热交换极冷不裂，20℃～650℃热交换3次以上不裂，透光率为直线透过率为4～10％；光透过率为2～5％，抗热震性能为0-550℃冷热交替测试3次不裂。
本发明的再一技术解决方案是所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品的废玻璃清洁再利用系统处理方法，其特殊之处在于，包括立体旋转辊筒式的自动清洗工序与过筛工序，具体步骤如下：
⑴自动清洗工序所用的立体旋转辊筒内部设置自动喷淋清洗剂的管道装置、筒体内壁焊接数个S型曲状长条板的搅拌装置和四目筛网的过筛装置；装载废玻璃的辊筒在自身旋转时，筒体内壁上的S型曲状长条板搅动筒体内的废玻璃进行立体翻转，同时辊筒内部设置的自动喷淋清洗剂的管道装置会依次喷淋酒精、肥皂水或洗洁精液和水进行清洁玻璃块上的煤油；
⑵清洗干净后的锂铝硅废玻璃经4目过筛，粒径小于4目的直接收集到吨袋滴水晾干，粒径大于4目的输送至破碎设备中进行破碎，再过4目筛吨袋收集，滴水自然晾干，保证锂铝硅废玻璃粉的清洁度好、粒径均匀。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果：
⑴本发明所采用的岩晶石为大自然花岗岩开采的尾料，其在配方的其他原料多元成分共熔作用下，增强了一致熔融性，进而使产品得到较高的白度。
⑵本发明耐热透光陶瓷岩板坯体配方中所采用的锂基膨润土是采用天然膨润土经碳酸锂改性而成，既具有钠基膨润土浸水水化膨胀性能，又具有有机膨润土特性，在水和极性有机溶剂均能溶解成胶体或充分溶胀使料浆的粘度增强，使料浆粘度增大并在坯料细颗粒子表面形成溶剂化薄膜及立体网络结构，支撑和阻止坯料颗粒下沉。
⑶根据本发明方法所制得的产品，具有透光性强，抗热震性能良好的特点，产品热膨胀系数低，耐热性能佳，可以随意进行二次加工。
附图说明
图1是本发明耐热陶瓷岩板产品的制造方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明下面将结合实施例作进一步详述：
所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品的坯体，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：岩晶石28％、高塑性泥料27％、湖南水磨钠砂10％、高白水磨钾砂5％、堇青石5％、镁铝尖晶石陶瓷废料粉6％、锂铝硅玻璃废料粉14％、锂霞石4％、三聚磷酸钠0.3％、羧甲基纤维素钠0.1％、木质素0.4％、液体825甲基0.2％。
所述岩晶石，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 76.64％、Al2O3 12.98％、CaO1％、Fe2O3 0.08％、TiO2 0.02％、K2O 5.53％、Na2O 3.34％、CeO2 0.004％、La2O30.002％、Nd2O3 0.001％、Loss 0.153％。由图1岩晶石原矿XRD分析图可以看出，岩晶石主要由石英、斜长石、微斜长石、硬水铝石四种矿物组合而成。
所述高塑性泥料，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：原矿高白土37.5％、羊油矸25％、强塑泥8.5％、球粘土21.7％、锂基膨润土7.3％，所述高塑性泥料的细度为200目筛余≤2％；
其中的强塑泥的可塑性指数Ip为18，原矿高白土白度81°，比表面积45m2/g，晶形为100％天然纳米管状结构，直径0.1～0.4μm，长度＜0.5μm，化学成分中铝含量＞24％、铁含量＜0.3％，其，游离石英的含量＜10％；
羊油矸铝含量＞34％、铁含量＜0.5％，球粘土的铝含量＞35％、铁含量＜0.3％，其比表面积20～30m2/g，游离石英的含量＜15％；锂基膨润土比表面积80～100m2/g，是采用天然膨润土经碳酸锂改性而成。
所述耐热陶瓷岩板产品的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
⑴坯料制浆；
⑵喷雾干燥造粒制粉：
⑶干压成型；
⑷施底釉，底釉按重量百分比由以下组份组成：锂霞石20％、球土10％、煅烧高岭土9％、钾长石30％、锂瓷石12％、硅灰石8％、氧化铝3％、325目超细石英8％；
⑸表面图案装饰；
⑹施透明保护釉，透明保护面釉按重量百分比由以下组份组成：高铝高钙熔块粉17.5％、高硅高钙熔块25％、锂铝硅废玻璃粉20％、钠长石25％、高岭土6％、煅烧高岭土2％、透灰石5％、氧化锌3％、白云石5％、CMC 0.2％、三聚磷酸钠0.3％；
其中，所述高铝高钙熔块粉的化学成分，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO250％、Al2O3 26％、K2O 2％、Na2O 0.5％、CaO 17.5％、MgO 2.4％、ZnO 1.5％、B2O3 0.1％；所述高硅高钙熔块粉的的化学成分，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 61％、Al2O315.3％、K2O 0.5、Na2O 0.1％、CaO 21％、MgO 2％、B2O3 0.1％；
⑺高温烧成，烧成温度1165℃，1000℃前的升温曲线为8℃/min，1000℃至最高烧成温度的升温曲线为5℃/min，同时在最高烧成温度下保温13min。
根据上述方法所制得的具有透光性的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，产品体积密度为2.423，吸水率为0.03％，白度为62°，弹性限度为16mm，热膨胀系数为：25～450℃为5.23x10-6/℃～5.69x10-6/℃、25～650℃为6.00x10-6/℃～6.17x10-6/℃，耐热性能为：20～450℃热交换极冷不裂，20℃～650℃热交换3次以上不裂，透光率为直线透过率为6％；光透过率为3.8％，抗热震性能为0-550℃冷热交替测试3次不裂。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明权利要求范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明权利要求的涵盖范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，其特征在于，所述耐热陶瓷岩板产品的坯体，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：岩晶石25～45％、高塑性泥料25～30％、湖南水磨钠砂5～10％、高白水磨钾砂5～7％、堇青石3-10%、镁铝尖晶石陶瓷废料粉3～10％、锂铝硅玻璃废料粉5～20％、锂霞石3～7%、三聚磷酸钠0.3～0.5%、羧甲基纤维素钠0.1～0.2%、木质素0.4～0.8%、液体825甲基0.2～0.3%；所述液体825甲基为可降解型高吸水性羧甲基淀粉钠的混合溶液，其配方为：水或水-乙醇82%、高吸水性羧甲基淀粉钠17.5%、丙酸钙0.2%、苯甲酸0.3%；制备工艺为：用水或水-乙醇充分润湿高吸水性羧甲基淀粉钠后加入丙酸钙、苯甲酸搅拌均匀，最后陈腐24小时后可以使用；所述高塑性泥料按重量百分比由以下组份组成：强塑泥8.5％、原矿高白土37.5％、羊油矸：25%、球粘土21.7％、锂基膨润土7.3％。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，其特征在于，所述高塑性泥料的细度控制参数为：200目筛余≤2%；强塑泥的可塑性指数Ip＞16；原矿高白土白度81°，比表面积30～50m2/g，晶形为100%天然纳米管状结构，直径0.1～0.4μm，长度＜0.5μm，其中铝含量＞24％、铁含量＜0.3％，游离石英的含量＜10%；羊油矸中铝含量＞34%、铁含量＜0.5％；锂基膨润土比表面积80～100m2/g，采用天然膨润土经碳酸锂改性而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，其特征在于，所述锂铝硅玻璃废料粉是在锂铝硅玻璃板生产成型、强化、抛光或切割成若干个玻璃片过程中所产生的锂铝硅玻璃边角废料，经过立体旋转辊筒式自动清洗与过筛或破碎、二次过筛工序的废玻璃清洁再利用系统处理而得。
4.一种根据权利要求1所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
⑴坯料制浆；
⑵喷雾干燥造粒制粉；
⑶干压成型；
⑷施底釉；其中底釉按重量百分比由以下组份组成：锂霞石15～25%、球土8～10%、煅烧高岭土10～13%、钾长石25～35%、锂瓷石9～15%、硅灰石8～12%、氧化铝3～10%、硅酸锆0～5%、325目超细石英8～10%；
⑸表面图案装饰；
⑹施透明保护釉；其中透明保护面釉按重量百分比由以下组份组成：高铝高钙熔块粉12～16%、高硅高钙熔块20～25%、锂铝硅废玻璃粉15～25%、钠长石25～30%、高岭土5～8%、煅烧高岭土0～5%、透灰石2～5%、氧化锌2～4%、白云石7～10%、CMC 0.2～0.3%、三聚磷酸钠0.3～0.5%；
⑺高温烧成；烧成温度1145℃～1165℃，1000℃前的升温曲线为8℃/min，1000℃至最高烧成温度的升温曲线为5℃/min，同时在最高烧成温度下保温13min。
5.根据权利要求4所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品制造方法，其特征在于，步骤⑹所述高铝高钙熔块粉的化学成分，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 48～50％、Al2O325～27％、K2O 2～3％、Na2O 0.5～1％、CaO 17～19％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 1.5～2%、Fe2O3 0～0.05％，TiO2 0～0.03％，B2O3 0～0.1％；所述高硅高钙熔块粉的化学成分，按重量百分比由以下组份组成：SiO2 60～62％、Al2O3 14～16％、K2O 0.2～0.5、Na2O 0.1～0.3％、CaO20～21％、MgO 2～3％、ZnO 0～0.01 ％、Fe2O3 0～0.05％，TiO2 0～0.01％，B2O3 0～0.1％。
6.根据权利要求4所述具有透光性能的耐热陶瓷岩板产品制造方法，其特征在于，制得的耐热陶瓷岩板产品，吸水率为0.027～0.031%，白度为60～65°，弹性限度为14～18mm，热膨胀系数为：25～450℃为5.23×10-6/℃～5.69×10-6/℃、25～650℃为6.00×10-6/℃～6.17×10-6/℃，耐热性能为：20～450℃热交换急冷不裂，20°C～650°C热交换3次以上不裂，抗热震性能为0-550℃冷热交替测试3次不裂。
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