CN113776043B - Method and structure for removing coking and tar of biomass stove - Google Patents
Method and structure for removing coking and tar of biomass stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN113776043B CN113776043B CN202111140108.7A CN202111140108A CN113776043B CN 113776043 B CN113776043 B CN 113776043B CN 202111140108 A CN202111140108 A CN 202111140108A CN 113776043 B CN113776043 B CN 113776043B
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 62
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/16—Over-feed arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a structure for removing coking and tar from a biomass stove, and belongs to the technical field of biomass stoves. The technical proposal is as follows: comprises a rotary pipe (9) and a conical funnel (4) which are concentrically arranged, wherein the rotary pipe (9) is vertically arranged at the center of the conical funnel (4), a combustion pool (2) is formed in the space of the conical funnel inside (4) between the rotary pipe (9) and the conical funnel (4), biomass fuel enters the combustion pool (2) for combustion, and a vertically arranged combustion layer is formed in the combustion pool (2). The invention has the positive effects that: the non-mechanical force is adopted to remove coking, the horizontal stacked combustion layer is changed into the vertically arranged combustion layer, tar (31) is thermally cracked into micromolecular combustible gas (32) through the incandescent carbon layer (22) for a long time, the combustion stability is not destroyed, the coking and the tar can be thoroughly removed, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the actual thermal efficiency of biomass can be improved by more than 20%, the application range of the fuel almost covers all biomass, and the biomass stove enters the actual practical era.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a structure for removing coking and tar from a biomass stove, and belongs to the technical field of biomass stoves.
Background
One of the characteristics of biomass fuels is that a large amount of tar must be produced during combustion, and the tar processing capability is one of the most important indexes of a small biomass furnace. At present, most of all combustion layers of the existing small-sized biomass stoves are horizontally stacked, and tar is decomposed by means of high temperature of a flame zone. The technical disadvantage is that the residence time of the tar in the flame zone is very short, and only part of the tar passes through the high-temperature zone, so that the tar is discharged without sufficient decomposition, and the consequence is large energy loss, low combustion heat efficiency and environmental pollution. In addition, tar can cause serious dust accumulation on the heating surface of the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, and the heat exchanger needs manual cleaning at any time and is very troublesome.
When the combustion layers of the small biomass stoves are horizontally stacked, coking occurs in the lowest ash layer. The prior art treatment technical scheme for coking is mainly divided into two main types. One type of solution, represented by patent number CN212691733U, is to provide a horizontally retractable decoking device above the grate, by which the coke pieces are broken up and pushed out from the grate by the thrust of the device to fall. One type of solution, represented by patent number (CN 212081214U), is to provide a horizontal shaft drum below the combustion layer instead of a grate, and to break up the coke by the rotational force of the drum and roll out of the drum and fall. The common disadvantages of the two schemes are that: when the coke blocks in the ash layers move in the horizontal direction under the action of mechanical force, each combustion layer on the ash layers can loosen and sink, so that the combustion stability is inevitably damaged, even the combustion efficiency is extinguished, and the combustion efficiency is seriously influenced. Therefore, the wooden biomass fuel with small ash content is preferably used, which affects the popularization and application of the stove. Mechanical force decoking is carried out, and meanwhile, part of unburned fuel is necessarily pushed away, so that the material consumption is increased, and the thermal efficiency is reduced.
The tar can not be removed by horizontally arranging each combustion layer, and the mechanical force has a huge disadvantage in removing the tar, which is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a structure for removing coking and tar by a biomass stove, which adopt non-mechanical force to remove coking, change a horizontally stacked combustion layer into a vertically arranged combustion layer, and thermally crack tar into micromolecular combustible gas through a hot carbon layer for a long time, so that the combustion stability is not damaged, the coking and the tar can be thoroughly removed, the thermal efficiency is improved, the range of biomass fuel which can be used by the biomass stove is enlarged, the popularization and the application of the biomass stove are facilitated, the energy is saved, and the problems in the background technology are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a structure for removing coking and tar of a biomass stove comprises a rotary pipe and a conical funnel which are concentrically arranged, wherein the rotary pipe is vertically arranged at the center of the conical funnel, a combustion pool is formed in the inner space of the conical funnel between the rotary pipe and the conical funnel, biomass fuel enters the combustion pool for combustion, and a vertically arranged combustion layer is formed in the combustion pool.
The combustion layer comprises an ash layer, a hot carbon layer, a gasification layer and a drying layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the combustion layer is arranged nearly vertically, and the ash layer is clung to the rotary pipe; an annular gap is formed between the rotary pipe and the conical hopper, and coking generated by burning biomass fuel falls down through the annular gap; the width of the annular gap is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer, other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap, and the fuel utilization rate is improved.
The upper part of the rotating pipe is sleeved in the supporting pipe, the supporting pipe is fixed on the main body, the power drives the rotating pipe to rotate, and the rotating pipe is communicated with the supporting pipe in a rotating way. The rotary pipe is vertically inserted into the center of the combustion pool, the axis of the rotary pipe coincides with the axes of the conical funnel and the support pipe, the upper end of the rotary pipe is inserted into the support pipe, and the lower end of the rotary pipe extends out of the conical funnel.
The outer surface of the rotary pipe is provided with friction convex points, and coking generated by combustion is ground and grinded by the friction convex points when the rotary pipe rotates, so that the rotary pipe is convenient to fall from the annular gap.
The middle position inside the rotary pipe is provided with a middle partition plate, the middle partition plate is provided with a secondary air port communicated with the upper part and the lower part of the rotary pipe, the rotary pipe is provided with an air vent, and the air vent is arranged on the rotary pipe wall above the middle partition plate.
The number of the friction convex points and the ventilation holes is arbitrary. The friction salient points and the vent holes are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the rotary pipe in a ring shape, wherein the friction salient points are positioned at the lower part, and the vent holes are positioned at the middle part.
The large opening at the upper part of the conical funnel is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the main body, the inside of the conical funnel is used as a combustion pool, the bottom of the conical funnel is used as an ash falling chamber, and an ash removal door is arranged in the ash falling chamber.
The small opening at the lower part of the conical funnel and the rotary pipe form an annular gap, the combustion pool is of an inclined bottom surface structure, and the inclined angle is an included angle formed by the rotary pipe and the inclined surface of the conical funnel, so that biomass fuel in the combustion pool can automatically gather towards the center.
The rotary pipe is connected with the driving motor through a rotary connecting piece.
And a feeding device is arranged above the combustion pool.
The invention at least comprises the following two specific structures:
1. lower flame type combustion structure: the bottom of the conical funnel is provided with a gas combustion chamber, the upper port of the rotary pipe is an air inlet, the bottom of the gas combustion chamber is provided with an ash falling chamber and a smoke outlet, and combustible gas generated by the combustion chamber is secondarily combusted in the gas combustion chamber; combustion air enters the rotary pipe from the air inlet and is divided into primary air and secondary air; primary air enters the combustion pool through the vent holes on the rotary pipe, and after supporting combustion, biomass fuel enters the gas combustion chamber through the annular gap; the secondary air passes through a secondary air port in the rotary pipe to reach the gas combustion chamber at the bottom;
2. flame-up type combustion structure: a gas combustion chamber is arranged in a supporting pipe above the rotating pipe, a vent hole is arranged on the rotating pipe below the gas combustion chamber, the upper port of the gas combustion chamber is a smoke outlet, the bottom of the rotating pipe is provided with an ash dropping chamber and an air inlet, and combustible gas generated by the combustion pool is secondarily combusted in the gas combustion chamber; combustion air enters the bottom from the air inlet and is divided into primary air and secondary air; the primary air enters the combustion pool to support combustion of biomass fuel through an annular gap between the rotary pipe and the conical funnel, then enters the gas combustion chamber through a vent hole on the rotary pipe, and the secondary air enters the rotary pipe through the bottom of the rotary pipe and directly reaches the gas combustion chamber through a secondary air port.
A method for removing coking and tar by a biomass gas stove adopts the structure and comprises the following steps:
the biomass fuel enters a combustion pool for combustion, and an ash layer, a incandescent carbon layer, a gasification layer and a drying layer which are vertically arranged are formed on the outer wall of the rotary pipe; the water vapor generated in the drying layer and the combustible gas and tar generated in the gasification layer are required to slowly pass through the incandescent carbon layer in the horizontal direction for a long time to carry out a severe oxidation-reduction reaction, the tar is decomposed into a large amount of micromolecular combustible gas, and the rest of the tar is decomposed again in the gas combustion chamber to be completely combusted;
by vertically arranging the combustion layer and the rotary pipe, the rotary friction force of the rotary pipe only acts on the surface of the ash layer, so that molten ash is forced to form fine coke particles; the coke particles and ash automatically fall off from the surface of the ash layer under the action of gravity, fall out of the combustion pool through the annular gap, and keep the combustion state stable; when coke particles with relatively large granularity fall to the tip end of the included angle, the coke particles are ground into fine coke particles under the action of self gravity, extrusion force of the included angle and friction force of the outer wall of the rotary pipe, and annular gaps cannot be blocked.
In order to enhance the capabilities of decoking and ash removal, friction salient points are additionally arranged on the outer wall of the rotary pipe, so that the application range of the ash content of the fuel can be greatly increased. The width of the annular gap is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer, other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap, and the fuel utilization rate is improved.
After normal operation, the rotary pipe is formed by taking the axis of the rotary pipe as the center, an ash layer, a incandescent carbon layer, a gasification layer and a drying layer are sequentially distributed from the outer wall of the rotary pipe to the outside in an annular radiation manner, and all the layers are relatively parallel to the rotary pipe and are approximately perpendicular to the ground.
More specific steps are as follows:
the biomass fuel enters a combustion pool for lean oxygen combustion, the combustion air in the combustion pool is called primary air, the primary air enters the combustion pool from an air inlet, and enters a gas combustion chamber along the outer wall of a rotary pipe together with the generated combustible gas; forming a vertically arranged ash layer and a vertically arranged incandescent carbon layer on the outer wall of the rotary pipe at the place where the primary air passes through;
the structure of the biomass gas stove for removing coking and tar is completely closed except the air inlet and the smoke outlet, water vapor generated in the drying layer and combustible gas and tar generated in the gasification layer can flow into the gas combustion chamber after passing through the incandescent carbon layer, and the secondary air fed by the secondary air inlet is completely combusted in the gas combustion chamber;
after normal operation, the rotary pipe is formed by taking the axis of the rotary pipe as the center, an ash layer, a incandescent carbon layer, a gasification layer and a drying layer are sequentially distributed from the outer wall of the rotary pipe to the outside in an annular radiation manner, and all the layers are relatively parallel to the rotary pipe and are approximately perpendicular to the ground.
The burnt-out part of the incandescent carbon layer forms an ash layer which is tightly attached to the outer wall of the rotary tube; the burning of the incandescent carbon layer emits huge heat to the two parts, and one part of heat is used for maintaining the high temperature of the rotary pipe, so that the stability of the whole combustion system is ensured; the other part is externally supplied with the gasification layer, and the waste heat passing through the gasification layer is supplied to the drying layer.
The tar generated by the gasification layer and the water vapor generated by the drying layer are mixed and pass through the incandescent carbon layer slowly in the horizontal direction, so that a severe oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out for a long time; as a result, a large amount of tar is decomposed into small molecule combustible gas, and the rest small part of tar is decomposed and burned again in the gas combustion chamber; compared with the horizontal layer combustion structure widely adopted by the existing small biomass stove, tar directly enters a flame zone after the gasification layer is generated, and is difficult to be fully decomposed, so that the tar decomposition utilization rate of the technical scheme is greatly improved;
by vertically arranging the combustion layer and the rotary pipe, the rotary friction force of the rotary pipe only acts on the surface of the ash layer, so that molten ash is forced to form fine coke particles; the coke particles and ash automatically fall off from the surface of the ash layer under the action of gravity, fall out of the combustion pool through the annular gap, and other combustion layers cannot be loosened obviously, so that the combustion state is kept stable; in addition, when coke particles with relatively large granularity fall to the tip end of the included angle, the coke particles are ground into fine coke particles under the action of self gravity, extrusion force of the included angle and friction force of the outer wall of the rotary tube, so that annular gaps are not blocked; in order to enhance the capabilities of decoking and ash removal, friction salient points are additionally arranged on the outer wall of the rotary pipe, so that the application range of the ash content of the fuel can be greatly increased. The width of the annular gap is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer, other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap, and the fuel utilization rate is improved.
The invention has the main innovation points that:
1. the rotating pipes are vertically distributed, the combustion layers are matched with the rotating pipes which are vertically arranged, and when Jiao Lahui is removed, the rotating pipes only rotate the friction ash layers, so that the state change of other combustion layers is not caused, and the combustion stability is not damaged;
2. the mechanical force is not directly used for removing coke particles, and the coke particles fall off freely when the gravity is larger than the binding force, so that the accuracy of decoking is realized;
3. the conical funnel is matched with the rotary pipe to form a structure with an annular included angle, so that three force coordination of coke mass gravity, an included angle extrusion force and a rotary friction force is created, and coke masses with any size are ground and removed;
4. the steam and the tar slowly pass through the vertical hot carbon layer along the horizontal direction, and oxidation-reduction reaction occurs for a long time, so that continuous and efficient tar removal is realized;
5. the vertical ash layer friction mode of the vertical rotary pipe can adjust the decoking and ash removal rate in a large range by adjusting the rotating speed, so that the furnace can burn biomass with any ash.
The invention has the positive effects that: the coke is removed by adopting non-mechanical force, the horizontally stacked combustion layers are changed into vertically arranged combustion layers, and the tar is thermally cracked into micromolecular combustible gas through the incandescent carbon layer for a long time, so that the combustion stability is not damaged, the coke and the tar can be thoroughly removed, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. The vertical decoking of the invention keeps the combustion stability of the whole process of the stove, continuous and full tar thermal cracking greatly reduces energy waste, and the combination of the two can improve the actual thermal efficiency of biomass by more than 20%; the vertical rotating friction is used for removing ash coke, so that the ash coke can burn up to 17% of biomass, the application range of the fuel almost covers all biomass, and a biomass stove is enabled to enter into a real practical era.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical combustion layer distribution and coking removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of tar removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotary tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of distribution and coking removal of a second vertical combustion layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of tar removal according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a rotary pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the main body 1, the combustion pool 2, the gas combustion chamber 3, the conical funnel 4, the feeding device 5, the ash falling chamber 6, the air inlet 7, the smoke outlet 8, the rotary pipe 9, the driving motor 10, the rotary connecting piece 11, the friction convex point 12, the secondary air port 13, the vent hole 14, the supporting pipe 15, the included angle 16, the annular gap 17, the ash removal door 18, the primary air 19, the secondary air 20, the ash layer 21, the incandescent carbon layer 22, the gasification layer 23, the drying layer 24, the tar 31, the small molecular combustible gas 32, the small part of tar 33, the fine coke particles 41 and the larger coke particles 42.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
the utility model provides a structure of coke and tar is got rid of to living beings stove, contains concentric rotatory pipe 9 and the toper funnel 4 of arranging, rotatory pipe 9 vertical arrangement is in the center of toper funnel 4, and the toper funnel inner space between rotatory pipe 9 and toper funnel 4 forms combustion bowl 2, and biomass fuel gets into combustion bowl 2 and burns, forms the combustion layer of vertical arrangement at combustion bowl 2.
The combustion layer comprises an ash layer 21, a hot carbon layer 22, a gasification layer 23 and a drying layer 24 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the combustion layer is arranged nearly vertically, and the ash layer 21 is closely attached to the rotary pipe 9; an annular gap 17 is arranged between the rotary pipe 9 and the conical hopper 4, and coking generated by biomass fuel combustion falls down through the annular gap 17; the width of the annular gap 17 is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer 21, and other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap 17, so that the fuel utilization rate is improved.
The upper part of the rotary pipe 9 is sleeved in a supporting pipe 15, the supporting pipe 15 is fixed on the main body 1, the rotary pipe 9 is driven to rotate by power, and the rotary pipe 9 is communicated with the supporting pipe 15 in a rotating way. The rotary pipe 9 is vertically inserted into the center of the combustion tank 2, the axis of the rotary pipe is coincident with the axes of the conical funnel 4 and the support pipe 15, the upper end of the rotary pipe is inserted into the support pipe 15, and the lower end of the rotary pipe extends out of the conical funnel 4.
The friction salient points 12 are arranged on the outer surface of the rotary pipe 9, and coking generated by combustion is ground and crushed by the friction salient points 12 when the rotary pipe 9 rotates, so that the coking is convenient to fall from the annular gap 17.
The middle position inside the rotary pipe 9 is provided with a middle partition plate, the middle partition plate is provided with a secondary air port 13 for communicating the upper part and the lower part of the rotary pipe 9, the rotary pipe 9 is provided with a vent hole 14, and the vent hole 14 is arranged on the wall of the rotary pipe 9 above the middle partition plate.
The number of friction bumps 12 and vent holes 14 is arbitrary. The friction salient points 12 and the vent holes 14 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9 in a ring shape, wherein the friction salient points 12 are positioned at the lower part, and the vent holes 14 are positioned at the middle part.
The large opening at the upper part of the conical funnel 4 is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the main body 1, the inside of the conical funnel 4 is used as a combustion pool 2, the bottom of the conical funnel 4 is used as an ash falling chamber 6, and an ash removal door 18 is arranged in the ash falling chamber 6.
The small opening at the lower part of the conical funnel 4 and the rotary pipe 9 form an annular gap 17, the combustion tank 2 is of an inclined bottom surface structure, the inclined angle is an included angle 16 formed by the rotary pipe 9 and the inclined surface of the conical funnel 4, and biomass fuel in the combustion tank 2 can be automatically gathered towards the center conveniently.
The rotary pipe 9 is connected to a drive motor 10 via a rotary connection 11.
A feeding device 5 is arranged above the combustion tank 2.
A method for removing coking and tar by a biomass gas stove adopts the structure and comprises the following steps:
the biomass fuel enters the combustion tank 2 for combustion, and a vertically arranged ash layer 21, a hot carbon layer 22, a gasification layer 23 and a drying layer 24 are formed on the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9; the water vapor generated in the drying layer 24 and the combustible gas and tar 31 generated in the gasification layer 23 slowly pass through the incandescent carbon layer 22 in the horizontal direction, and undergo a severe oxidation-reduction reaction for a long time, the tar 31 is decomposed into a large amount of small molecule combustible gas 32, and the rest of the small molecule tar 33 is decomposed again in the gas combustion chamber 3 to be completely combusted;
by vertically arranging the combustion layer and the rotating tube 9, the rotational friction force of the rotating tube 9 only acts on the surface of the ash layer 21, forcing the melted ash to form only fine coke particles 41; the coke particles and ash automatically fall off from the surface of the ash layer 21 under the action of gravity, fall out of the combustion pool 3 through the annular gap 17, and the combustion state is kept stable; the coke particles 42 with relatively large granularity are extruded and rubbed by the outer wall of the rotating pipe 9 when falling, and are crushed into fine coke particles 41, so that the annular gap 17 is not blocked.
In order to enhance the capabilities of decoking and ash removal, friction salient points 12 are additionally arranged on the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9, so that the application range of the ash content of the fuel can be greatly increased. The width of the annular gap 17 is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer 21, and other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap 17, so that the fuel utilization rate is improved.
After normal operation, an ash layer 21, a hot carbon layer 22, a gasification layer 23 and a drying layer 24 are sequentially distributed by taking the axis of the rotary pipe 9 as the center and radiating outwards annularly from the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9, and all the layers are relatively parallel to the rotary pipe 9 and are approximately vertical to the ground.
Embodiment one, refer to figures 1, 2, 3, 4; the combustion structure is as follows: the bottom of the conical funnel 4 is provided with a gas combustion chamber 3 below the combustion pool 2 and a rotary pipe 9, the upper port of the rotary pipe 9 is provided with an air inlet 7, the bottom of the gas combustion chamber 3 is provided with an ash dropping chamber 6 and a smoke outlet 8, and combustible gas generated by the combustion pool 2 is secondarily combusted in the gas combustion chamber 3; combustion air enters the rotary pipe 9 from the air inlet 7 and is divided into primary air 19 and secondary air 20; primary air 19 enters the combustion tank 2 through the vent holes 14 on the rotary pipe 9, and after supporting combustion, biomass fuel enters the gas combustion chamber 3 through the annular gap 17; the secondary air 20 passes through the secondary air port 13 inside the rotary pipe 9 to reach the bottom gas combustion chamber 3.
The feeding device 5 is arranged at the upper part of the main body 1 and is responsible for delivering fuel into the combustion tank 2; the large opening at the top of the conical funnel 4 is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the main body 1, the main body 1 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is used as a combustion pool 2 of fuel, and the lower part is used as an ash falling chamber 6. The air inlet 7 is positioned at the top end of the main body 1, and the smoke outlet 8 is positioned at the lower end of the main body 1. The upper center of the main body 1 is provided with a supporting tube 15 matched with the rotating tube 9. The rotary pipe 9 is vertically inserted into the combustion tank 2, the axis of the rotary pipe is coincident with that of the conical funnel 4, the upper end of the rotary pipe is inserted into the supporting pipe 15, and the lower end of the rotary pipe extends out of the lower opening of the bottom of the conical funnel 4. The rotating pipe 9 forms an included angle 16 with the inclined surface of the conical funnel 4, and the rotating pipe 9 forms an annular gap 17 with the lower opening at the bottom of the conical funnel 4. The rotary pipe 9 is connected to a drive motor 10 via a rotary connection 11. The lower mouth of the bottom of the conical funnel 4 protrudes partly as a gas combustion chamber 3. The friction salient points 12 and the vent holes 14 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9 in a ring shape, wherein the friction salient points 12 are positioned at the lower part, and the vent holes 14 are positioned at the middle part. The secondary air port 13 is a middle partition plate middle hole with the edge connected with the inner wall of the rotary pipe 9 in a sealing way, and is positioned below the vent hole 14 and at a certain distance from the gas combustion chamber 3.
The working method is as follows: fuel is pushed into the combustion chamber 2 by the feed device 5 for oxygen-lean combustion. The combustion air is called primary air 19, enters from the air inlet 7 and flows out along the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9 along with the combustible gas. Such that the primary air 19 passes through a place where a vertical combustion area is formed at the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9. The burnt-out portion of the hot carbon layer 22 of the combustion zone forms an ash layer 21 against the outer wall of the rotating tube 9. The burning of the incandescent carbon layer 22 gives out huge heat to the two parts, and one part of heat is used for maintaining the high temperature of the rotary pipe 9, so that the stability of the whole burning system is ensured; the other part is supplied to the gasification layer 23, and the waste heat passing through the gasification layer 23 is supplied to the drying layer 24. Since the device is completely sealed except the air inlet 7 and the smoke outlet 8, water vapor generated in the drying layer 24 and combustible gas and tar 31 generated in the gasification layer 23 inevitably pass through the incandescent carbon layer 22 and flow into the gas combustion chamber 3, and the secondary air 20 fed by the secondary air port 13 is completely combusted in the gas combustion chamber 3.
According to the working method, after the furnace normally operates, an ash layer 21, a hot carbon layer 22, a gasification layer 23 and a drying layer 24 are sequentially distributed by taking the axis of the rotary pipe 9 as the center and radiating outwards annularly from the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9, and each combustion layer is relatively parallel to the rotary pipe 9 and is approximately vertical to the ground.
The gas obtained by mixing the tar 31 generated in the fuel gasification layer 23 with the steam generated in the drying layer 24 passes through the incandescent carbon layer 22 slowly in the horizontal direction, and undergoes a severe oxidation-reduction reaction for a long period of time. As a result, the tar 31 is decomposed into a large amount of small-molecule combustible gas 32, and the remaining small amount of tar 33 is decomposed and burned again in the gas combustion chamber 3. Compared with the horizontal layer combustion structure widely adopted by the existing small biomass stove, the tar 31 directly enters the flame zone after the gasification layer 23 is generated, and is difficult to be fully decomposed, so that the tar decomposition utilization rate of the technical scheme is greatly improved.
By vertically arranging the combustion layer and the rotating tube 9, the rotational friction of the rotating tube 9 acts only on the surface of the ash layer 21, forcing the melted ash to form only fine coke particles 41. The coke particles and ash automatically fall off from the surface of the ash layer 21 under the action of gravity, fall out of the combustion pool 2 through the annular gap 17, and other combustion layers cannot be loosened obviously, so that the combustion state is kept stable. In addition, the coke particles 42 with relatively large granularity are extruded and rubbed when falling to the tip end of the included angle 16, and are crushed into fine coke particles 41, so that ash holes are not blocked. In order to enhance the capabilities of decoking and ash removal, friction salient points 12 can be additionally arranged on the outer wall of the rotary pipe 9, so that the application range of the fuel ash content of the device is greatly increased. Since the width of the annular gap 17 is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer 21, other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap 17, and the fuel utilization rate is improved.
Example down flame type air supply path: primary air 19 enters from the air inlet 7, flows through the upper part of the rotary pipe 9, the vent hole 14 and the incandescent carbon layer 22, flows out of the annular gap 17 to the gas combustion chamber 3, and finally is discharged from the smoke outlet 8. The secondary air 20 enters from the air inlet 7 and flows through the upper part of the rotary pipe 9, and the secondary air port 13 flows out from the lower port of the rotary pipe 9 to the gas combustion chamber 3 and finally is discharged from the smoke outlet 8.
Embodiment two, refer to figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; is of an upper flame type combustion structure: a gas combustion chamber 3 is arranged in a supporting pipe 15 above the rotating pipe 9, a vent hole 14 is arranged on the rotating pipe 9 below the gas combustion chamber 3, a smoke outlet 8 is arranged at the upper port of the gas combustion chamber 3, an ash dropping chamber 6 and an air inlet 7 are arranged at the bottom of the rotating pipe 9, and combustible gas generated by the combustion pool 2 is secondarily combusted in the gas combustion chamber 3; combustion air enters the bottom from the air inlet 7 and is divided into primary air 19 and secondary air 20; the primary air 19 enters the combustion pool 2 through the annular gap 17 between the rotary pipe 9 and the conical funnel 4 to support the combustion of biomass fuel, then enters the gas combustion chamber 3 through the vent hole 14 on the rotary pipe 9, and the secondary air 20 enters the rotary pipe 9 through the bottom of the rotary pipe 9 and directly reaches the gas combustion chamber 3 through the secondary air port 13.
The principle and working method of the second embodiment and the first embodiment are basically the same, and the difference is that: in the second embodiment, the air inlet 7 is located at the lower end of the gas combustion chamber 3, and the smoke outlet 8 is located at the top end of the gas combustion chamber 3. The support tube 15 protrudes upward to form the gas combustion chamber 3.
Embodiment two, flame up type air supply path: primary air 19 enters from the air inlet 7, flows through the annular gap 17, the incandescent carbon layer 22, the vent holes 14 and the upper part of the rotary pipe 9, flows out to the gas combustion chamber 3, and finally is discharged from the smoke outlet 8. The secondary air 20 enters from the air inlet 7, flows through the secondary air port 13 and the inside of the rotary pipe 9, flows out to the gas combustion chamber 3, and finally is discharged from the smoke outlet 8.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a structure of coke and tar is got rid of to living beings stove which characterized in that: the biomass fuel combustion device comprises a rotary pipe (9) and a conical funnel (4) which are concentrically arranged, wherein the rotary pipe (9) is vertically arranged at the center of the conical funnel (4), a combustion pool (2) is formed in the inner space of the conical funnel (4) between the rotary pipe (9) and the conical funnel (4), biomass fuel enters the combustion pool (2) for combustion, and a vertically arranged combustion layer is formed in the combustion pool (2); the combustion layer comprises an ash layer (21), a hot carbon layer (22), a gasification layer (23) and a drying layer (24) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the combustion layer is arranged nearly vertically, and the ash layer (21) is closely attached to the rotary pipe (9); an annular gap (17) is arranged between the rotary pipe (9) and the conical hopper (4), and coking generated by biomass fuel combustion falls down through the annular gap (17).
2. The structure for removing coke and tar from biomass stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the annular gap (17) is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer (21), and other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap (17).
3. The structure for removing coke and tar from a biomass stove according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upper portion of the rotary pipe (9) is sleeved in the supporting pipe (15), the supporting pipe (15) is fixed on the main body (1), the rotary pipe (9) is driven by power to rotate, the rotary pipe (9) is communicated with the supporting pipe (15) in a rotating mode, the rotary pipe (9) is vertically inserted into the center of the combustion pool (2), the axis of the rotary pipe is coincident with the axis of the conical funnel (4) and the axis of the supporting pipe (15), the upper end of the rotary pipe is inserted into the supporting pipe (15), and the lower end of the rotary pipe extends out of the conical funnel (4).
4. A structure for removing coke and tar from a biomass stove as set forth in claim 3, wherein: friction convex points (12) are arranged on the outer surface of the rotary pipe (9), and coking generated by combustion is ground by the friction convex points (12) when the rotary pipe (9) rotates, so that the rotary pipe is convenient to fall from the annular gap (17).
5. A structure for removing coke and tar from a biomass stove as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the middle position inside the rotary pipe (9) is provided with a middle partition plate, the middle partition plate is provided with a secondary air port (13) for communicating the upper part and the lower part of the rotary pipe (9), the rotary pipe (9) is provided with a vent hole (14), and the vent hole (14) is arranged on the wall of the rotary pipe (9) above the middle partition plate.
6. A structure for removing coke and tar from a biomass stove as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the conical funnel (4) is provided with a gas combustion chamber (3), the upper port of the rotary pipe (9) is an air inlet (7), the bottom of the gas combustion chamber (3) is provided with an ash falling chamber (6) and a smoke outlet (8), and combustible gas generated by the combustion chamber (2) is secondarily combusted in the gas combustion chamber (3); combustion air enters the rotary pipe (9) from the air inlet (7) and is divided into primary air (19) and secondary air (20); primary air (19) enters the combustion tank (2) through an air vent (14) on the rotary pipe (9), and after supporting combustion, biomass fuel enters the gas combustion chamber (3) through an annular gap (17); the secondary air (20) passes through a secondary air port (13) in the rotary pipe (9) to reach the bottom gas combustion chamber (3).
7. A structure for removing coke and tar from a biomass stove as set forth in claim 3, wherein: a gas combustion chamber (3) is arranged in a supporting tube (15) above the rotating tube (9), a vent hole (14) is arranged on the rotating tube (9) below the gas combustion chamber (3), the upper port of the gas combustion chamber (3) is a smoke outlet (8), the bottom of the rotating tube (9) is provided with an ash dropping chamber (6) and an air inlet (7), and combustible gas generated by the combustion pool (2) is secondarily combusted in the gas combustion chamber (3); combustion air enters the bottom from the air inlet (7) and is divided into primary air (19) and secondary air (20); the primary air (19) enters the combustion pool (2) through an annular gap (17) between the rotary pipe (9) and the conical funnel (4) to support the combustion of biomass fuel, then enters the gas combustion chamber (3) through a vent hole (14) on the rotary pipe (9), and the secondary air (20) enters the rotary pipe (9) through the bottom of the rotary pipe (9) to directly reach the gas combustion chamber (3) through a secondary air port (13).
8. A method for removing coking and tar from a biomass gas burner employing the structure defined in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
the biomass fuel enters a combustion tank (2) for combustion, and a vertically arranged ash layer (21), a hot carbon layer (22), a gasification layer (23) and a drying layer (24) are formed on the outer wall of a rotary pipe (9); the water vapor generated in the drying layer (24) and the combustible gas and tar (31) generated in the gasification layer (23) slowly pass through the incandescent carbon layer (22) in the horizontal direction, and undergo severe oxidation-reduction reaction for a long time, the tar (31) is decomposed into a large amount of small molecule combustible gas (32), and the rest small part of tar (33) is decomposed again in the gas combustion chamber (3) to be completely combusted;
by vertically arranging the combustion layer and the rotary pipe (9), the rotary friction force of the rotary pipe (9) only acts on the surface of the ash layer (21), so that molten ash is forced to form fine coke particles (41); the coke particles and ash automatically fall off from the surface of the ash layer (21) under the action of gravity, fall out of the combustion pool (2) through the annular gap (17), and the combustion state is kept stable; when coke particles (42) with relatively large granularity fall to the tip of the included angle (16), the coke particles are ground into fine coke particles (41) under the action of self gravity, extrusion force of the included angle (16) and friction force of the outer wall of the rotary tube (9), and the annular gap (17) cannot be blocked.
9. The method for removing coke and tar from a biomass stove of claim 8, wherein: in order to enhance the capabilities of decoking and ash removal, friction salient points (12) are additionally arranged on the outer wall of the rotary pipe (9), so that the application range of the ash content of the fuel is greatly increased; the width of the annular gap (17) is adapted to the thickness of the ash layer (21), and other unburnt components cannot pass through the annular gap (17), so that the fuel utilization rate is improved.
10. A method of removing coke and tar from a biomass stove according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: after normal operation, the rotary pipe (9) is used as the center, an ash layer (21), a incandescent carbon layer (22), a gasification layer (23) and a drying layer (24) are sequentially distributed from the outer wall of the rotary pipe (9) to the outside in an annular radiation manner, and all the layers are relatively parallel to the rotary pipe (9) and are approximately perpendicular to the ground.
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| FR925264A (en) * | 1945-04-05 | 1947-08-29 | Brown | Method and device for producing pressurized combustion gases, for heating and / or motive power, by combustion or conversion to solid fuel gases |
| KR101546348B1 (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-08-25 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Fixed bed gasfier to high efficiency having tar removal function |
| CN106224999A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-12-14 | 国能生源科技有限公司 | A kind of multiple stage circulation heat transfer efficient biomass combustion furnace |
| CN109780548A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 重庆管利实业有限公司 | A kind of pyrolysis gasification furnace |
| CN215909072U (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-25 | 河北惠华达宇科技有限公司 | Structure for removing coking and tar of biomass stove |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR925264A (en) * | 1945-04-05 | 1947-08-29 | Brown | Method and device for producing pressurized combustion gases, for heating and / or motive power, by combustion or conversion to solid fuel gases |
| KR101546348B1 (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-08-25 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Fixed bed gasfier to high efficiency having tar removal function |
| CN106224999A (en) * | 2016-08-06 | 2016-12-14 | 国能生源科技有限公司 | A kind of multiple stage circulation heat transfer efficient biomass combustion furnace |
| CN109780548A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 重庆管利实业有限公司 | A kind of pyrolysis gasification furnace |
| CN215909072U (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-25 | 河北惠华达宇科技有限公司 | Structure for removing coking and tar of biomass stove |
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