CN117537494B - Biomass laminated combustion fluid heater and method - Google Patents
Biomass laminated combustion fluid heater and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117537494B CN117537494B CN202410029577.9A CN202410029577A CN117537494B CN 117537494 B CN117537494 B CN 117537494B CN 202410029577 A CN202410029577 A CN 202410029577A CN 117537494 B CN117537494 B CN 117537494B
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- combustion
- air
- tube
- combustion tube
- heat exchange
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
- F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/1845—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
- F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/189—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
Abstract
The invention relates to a biomass laminated combustion fluid heater and a biomass laminated combustion fluid heating method, and belongs to the technical field of fluid heaters. The technical proposal is as follows: the bottom supporting plate divides the liner into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a coke falling hole is arranged in the middle of the bottom supporting plate, the combustion tube is arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and the bottom end of the combustion tube is tightly attached to the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate and is not leaked; the bottom supporting plate is provided with a through hole as a bottom air inlet hole; the top of the inner container is provided with an inner container opening, the combustion tube is drawn out and inserted from the inner container opening, a gap between the combustion tube and the inner container opening is used as a tertiary air channel, and the middle part of the upper cavity of the inner container is provided with a total air inlet. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the biomass fuel laminated combustion is not influenced by coking, tertiary air combustion supporting is increased, and the thermal efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biomass laminated combustion fluid heater and a biomass laminated combustion fluid heating method, and belongs to the technical field of fluid heaters.
Background
The fluid heater has the characteristics of quick temperature rise, high efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to various aspects such as production, living and the like, but how to treat coking in the combustion process of the fluid heater using biomass fuel is a technical problem facing the field. The Chinese patent CN202320815104.2 of the applicant, named as a structure that the coking of biomass fuel does not affect the combustion, solves the problem of decoking, and the combustion layer of biomass fuel in a combustion tube is always above the coking layer, and the coking layer is piled up layer by layer and is called stratified combustion. However, the following drawbacks exist in practical applications: (1) because the combustion tube is positioned and fixed with the inner container through the flange, the change of dust quantity between the flange and the inner container and the change of the length of the combustion tube caused by thermal bulge can cause uncontrollable change of the gap between the movable tube bottom and the combustion tube, and the air inlet rule of the air inlet hole can be seriously influenced; (2) the bottom of the combustion tube is not provided with an air inlet, so that the problem of insufficient combustion of fuel in the center of the combustion tube with larger diameter exists; (3) because the three-time air inlet serving as tail air is not arranged, the smoke which is not fully combusted in the combustion tube cannot be burnt out after exiting the combustion tube, and the heat efficiency is reduced. (4) The air pressure in the interlayer gradually decreases from bottom to top, the effect of the air inlet on the upward layer-by-layer heating of the flame is weaker, the tar decomposition temperature cannot be reached at the outlet of the combustion tube, and the thermal efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fluid heater for biomass laminated combustion and a method thereof, which are used for realizing that biomass fuel laminated combustion is not influenced by coking, increasing tertiary air combustion supporting, improving thermal efficiency and solving the technical problems existing in the background art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the biomass laminated combustion fluid heater comprises a fluid heater body, wherein a heat exchange sleeve, an inner container and a combustion tube are arranged in the fluid heater body, the combustion tube can be pulled out from and inserted into the inner container, the combustion tube can move up and down, a plurality of air inlet holes with variable functions are arranged on the side wall of the combustion tube in a laminated manner, and biomass fuel in the combustion tube is combusted to generate heat to exchange with fluid in the heat exchange sleeve, so that fluid heating is realized; the inner container is internally provided with a bottom supporting plate, the bottom supporting plate divides the inner container into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a coke falling hole is formed in the middle of the bottom supporting plate, the inner diameter of the coke falling hole is matched with the inner diameter of a combustion pipe, the combustion pipe is placed on the bottom supporting plate, the combustion pipe on the bottom supporting plate is coaxial with the coke falling hole, and the bottom end of the combustion pipe is tightly attached to the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate and is not air-leakage; the lower surface of the bottom support plate is provided with a guide rail, a drawing plate is inserted into the guide rail, the drawing plate is used as the movable pipe bottom of the combustion pipe, the combustion pipe loses the pipe bottom after the movable pipe bottom is pulled out, and coke residues in the combustion pipe fall down to the lower cavity of the liner; sealing the bottom of the combustion tube after the movable bottom is inserted; a grate air inlet hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the axis of the combustion tube, of the movable tube bottom; the bottom supporting plate is provided with a through hole as a bottom air inlet hole; the top of the inner container is provided with an inner container opening, the combustion tube is drawn out and inserted from the inner container opening, a gap between the combustion tube and the inner container opening is used as a tertiary air channel, and the middle part of the upper cavity of the inner container is provided with a total air inlet.
Further, a smoke chamber is arranged above the inner container, and a sedimentation chamber is arranged below the inner container; the heat exchange sleeve comprises a radiation heat exchange sleeve arranged on the side wall of the flue gas chamber and an annular heat exchange sleeve arranged between the fluid heater main body and the inner container, a plurality of convection heat exchange pipes penetrate through the annular heat exchange sleeve from top to bottom, the top ends of the convection heat exchange pipes are communicated with the flue gas chamber, and the bottom ends of the convection heat exchange pipes are communicated with the sedimentation chamber.
Further, the radiation heat exchange sleeve and the annular heat exchange sleeve are communicated with each other.
Further, the space between the liner and the combustion tube is an interlayer which is used as a passage of combustion-supporting air; the air blower blows air into the interlayer between the combustion pipe and the liner through the main air inlet.
Further, a traction piece is arranged at the top end of the combustion tube and is used for drawing out and inserting the combustion tube; the traction piece is convenient to replace and clean after being pulled out of the combustion tube; during operation, insert the combustion tube in the last cavity of inner bag, the whole weight of combustion tube is by the collet bearing, and the terminal surface is closely laminated with the upper surface of collet and is not inhaled air under the combustion tube, does not influence the air inlet law of inlet opening on the combustion tube lateral wall, and the combustion tube bottom is equipped with the ignition hole.
Further, an ignition rod tube is arranged at the lower part of the upper cavity of the inner container, and the ignition rod tube is matched with the ignition hole.
Further, the upper surface of the bottom support plate is provided with a plurality of positioning plates with inward guide angles around the coke falling holes, and the combustion pipe is inserted into the bottom support plate along the positioning plates and is ensured to be coaxial with the coke falling holes.
In the biomass laminated combustion method of the fluid heater, a combustion pipe is inserted into a liner and is supported by a bottom supporting plate; the coking layers in the combustion tube are piled up layer by layer, and the biomass fuel is always burnt on the upper surface of the uppermost coking layer; the air blower blows air into an interlayer between the combustion pipe and the liner through the main air inlet, and the air flows and is distributed in the interlayer and is divided into primary air, secondary air, tertiary air and lower cavity air; the primary air is air entering through an air inlet hole below a combustion layer of the combustion tube and is used for combustion of biomass fuel fixtures; the secondary air is air which is fed by an air inlet hole and is positioned above the combustion layer of the combustion tube and is used for burning the volatile matters of the biomass fuel; the tertiary air is air sprayed upwards through a tertiary air channel and is used for burning off (tail air) of gas combustible; the lower cavity wind is wind entering the lower cavity of the inner container through the bottom air inlet hole and then entering the combustion pipe through the movable pipe bottom upper grate air inlet hole, and is used for supplementing primary wind which cannot reach the center of the combustion pipe, so that the biomass fuel in the center of the combustion pipe is ensured to burn, and meanwhile, the lower cavity of the inner container is kept at positive pressure; the radiation heat exchange sleeve is sleeved with radiation heat of flame of the combustion tube and then transmits the radiation heat to fluid in the radiation heat exchange sleeve; and the smoke generated by the combustion of the biomass fuel flows from the smoke chamber to the settling chamber through the convection heat exchange tube, and after the convection heat exchange tube and the smoke perform convection heat exchange, heat is transferred to the fluid in the annular heat exchange sleeve.
Further, the tertiary air is controlled by the size of the gaps of the tertiary air channel, the air in the lower cavity is controlled by the diameter and the number of the air inlets at the bottom, and by controlling the size of the gaps of the tertiary air channel and the diameter and the number of the air inlets at the bottom, most of the total air inlet entering from the total air inlet is ensured to be relatively and stably supplied to the air inlets on the combustion tube, and the air pressure of each point in the interlayer is basically stable and consistent; the air inlet quantity of each layer of air inlet holes on the combustion tube is basically consistent; the flame is heated layer by layer in the combustion tube by layer combustion supporting of secondary air, the highest temperature is reached at the pipe orifice at the top end, tar in the flue gas is thermally cracked and decomposed into combustible gas to be continuously combusted, and the thermal efficiency is improved.
Because the thermal cracking of tar is carried out at the pipe orifice at the top of the combustion pipe, the decomposed combustible gas can not burn out in the combustion pipe.
According to the invention, the combustion tube is fixedly changed into a bottom support plate by a flange in the prior art, an air inlet gap at the bottom of the combustion tube is removed, the air inlet quantity at the bottom of the combustion tube is fixed through the bottom air inlet hole, and the air inlet holes on the side wall of the combustion tube are used for stably inlet air according to a fixed rule; the grate air inlet holes on the bottom of the movable tube are added, so that the full combustion of the fuel in the center of the combustion tube is realized; the tertiary air channel is added, and the final burnout of the combustible gas at the outlet of the combustion tube is ensured by three times of combustion; the bottom support plate divides one cavity of the liner into two cavities, the bottom air blast of the combustion tube is changed into the middle air blast, the equal amount and full amount of air intake of each air intake of the combustion tube is ensured, the combustion tube can heat flames layer by layer, and the tar decomposition temperature is reached at the pipe orifice.
Further, the fluid heater comprises a liquid heater and an air heater.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the biomass fuel laminated combustion is not influenced by coking, tertiary air combustion supporting is increased, and the thermal efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the upper surface of a bottom pallet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lower surface of a bottom plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a burner tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a laminated combustion structure and air distribution according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the fluid heater comprises a fluid heater main body 1, a liner 2, a combustion tube 3, an interlayer 4, a blower 5, an ignition rod tube 6, a chute 7, a movable tube bottom 8, a guide rail 9, an ash removal door 10, a liner opening 11, a tertiary air channel 12, a traction piece 13, an air inlet 14, an ignition hole 15, a bottom supporting plate 16, a positioning plate 17, a bottom air inlet 18, a coke dropping hole 19, a grate air inlet 20, a bin 21, a packing auger 22, a feeding motor 23, a radiation heat exchange sleeve 24, a convection heat exchange tube 25, an upper cleaning opening 26, an annular heat exchange sleeve 27, a settling chamber 28, a lower cleaning opening 29, an electrical bin 30, a controller 31, a flue gas chamber 32, an induced draft fan 33, an explosion-proof valve 34, an atmosphere communication opening 35, a fluid inlet 36, a fluid outlet 37, an ignition rod 38, a total air inlet 39, a total air inlet 40, a primary air 41, a secondary air 42, a tertiary air 43 and a lower cavity air 44.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, this embodiment provides a fluid heater for biomass laminated combustion, in which a heat exchange jacket, an inner container 2 and a combustion tube 3 are provided in a fluid heater main body 1, the combustion tube 3 can be drawn out and inserted from the inner container 2, the combustion tube 3 can move up and down, a plurality of air inlet holes 14 with variable functions are provided in a laminated manner on the side wall of the combustion tube 3, and heat generated by combustion of biomass fuel in the combustion tube 3 exchanges with fluid in the heat exchange jacket to heat the fluid; the inside of the liner 2 is provided with a bottom supporting plate 16, the bottom supporting plate 16 divides the liner 2 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a coke dropping hole 19 is arranged in the middle of the bottom supporting plate 16, the inner diameter of the coke dropping hole 19 is matched with the inner diameter of the combustion tube 3, the combustion tube 3 is placed on the bottom supporting plate 16, the combustion tube 3 on the bottom supporting plate 16 is coaxial with the coke dropping hole 19, and the bottom end of the combustion tube 3 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the bottom supporting plate 16 without air leakage; the lower surface of the bottom support plate 16 is provided with two guide rails 9 which are arranged in parallel, a drawing plate is inserted into the two guide rails 9 and serves as a movable pipe bottom 8 of the combustion pipe 3, the movable pipe bottom 8 is a flat plate which can be drawn back and forth, the combustion pipe 3 loses the pipe bottom after the movable pipe bottom 8 is drawn out, and coke residues in the combustion pipe 3 fall down to a lower cavity of the liner 2; the movable pipe bottom 8 is inserted and then the pipe bottom of the combustion pipe 3 is sealed; the movable tube bottom 8 is provided with a plurality of grate air inlet holes 20 at the positions corresponding to the axis of the combustion tube 3; the bottom supporting plate 16 is provided with a through hole as a bottom air inlet hole 18; the top of the inner container 2 is provided with an inner container opening 11, the combustion tube 3 is drawn out and inserted from the inner container opening 11, a gap between the combustion tube 3 and the inner container opening 11 is used as a tertiary air channel 12, and the middle part of the upper cavity of the inner container 2 is provided with a total air inlet 39.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the smoke chamber 32 is above the inner container 2, and the sedimentation chamber 28 is below the inner container 2; the heat exchange sleeve comprises a radiation heat exchange sleeve 24 arranged on the side wall of the flue gas chamber 32 and an annular heat exchange sleeve 27 arranged between the fluid heater main body 1 and the inner container 2, a plurality of convection heat exchange tubes 25 pass through the annular heat exchange sleeve 27 from top to bottom, the top ends of the convection heat exchange tubes 25 are communicated with the flue gas chamber 32, and the bottom ends of the convection heat exchange tubes 25 are communicated with the sedimentation chamber 28.
Referring to fig. 6, the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24 and the annular heat exchange sleeve 27 are communicated with each other.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the space between the liner 2 and the combustion tube 3 is an interlayer 4 which is used as a passage of combustion air; the blower 5 blows air into the interlayer 4 between the combustion tube 3 and the liner 2 through the main air inlet 39.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the top end of the combustion tube 3 is provided with a traction piece 13, and the traction piece 13 is used for extracting and inserting the combustion tube 3; the traction piece 13 is convenient to replace and clean after being pulled out of the combustion tube 3; when the burner is in operation, the burner tube 3 is inserted into the upper cavity of the liner 2, the whole weight of the burner tube 3 is supported by the bottom support plate 16, the lower end surface of the burner tube 3 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the bottom support plate 16 without air inlet, and the air inlet rule of the air inlet holes 14 on the side wall of the burner tube 3 is not influenced; the bottom end of the combustion tube 3 is provided with an ignition hole 15.
The lower part of the upper cavity of the liner 2 is provided with an ignition rod tube 6, and the ignition rod tube 6 is matched with an ignition hole 15.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the upper surface of the bottom support plate 16 is provided with a plurality of positioning plates 17 with inward guide angles around the coke-dropping holes 19, and the combustion tubes 3 are inserted into the bottom support plate 16 along the positioning plates 17 and ensure that the combustion tubes 3 are coaxial with the coke-dropping holes 19.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a biomass laminated combustion method of the fluid heater, wherein a combustion tube 3 is inserted into a liner 2 and supported by a bottom support plate 16; the coking layers in the combustion tube 3 are piled up layer by layer, and the biomass fuel always burns on the upper surface of the uppermost coking layer; the blower 5 blows air into the interlayer 4 between the combustion pipe 3 and the liner 2 through the total air inlet 39, and the air flows and distributes in the interlayer 4 and is divided into primary air 41, secondary air 42, tertiary air 43 and lower cavity air 44; the primary air 41 is air entering the air inlet hole 14 below the combustion layer of the combustion tube 3 and is used for burning biomass fuel fixtures; the secondary air 42 is air entering through the air inlet holes 14 above the combustion layer of the combustion tube 3 and is used for burning volatile matters of biomass fuel; the tertiary air 43 is air sprayed upwards through the tertiary air channel 12 and is used for burning out (tail air) of the gas combustible; the lower cavity wind 44 is wind entering the lower cavity of the liner 2 through the bottom wind inlet hole 18 and then entering the combustion tube 3 through the grate wind inlet hole 20 on the movable tube bottom 8, and is used for supplementing primary wind 41 which cannot reach the center of the combustion tube 3, ensuring the combustion of biomass fuel in the center of the combustion tube 3, and simultaneously keeping the lower cavity of the liner 2 at positive pressure; the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24 receives radiation heat of flame of the combustion tube 3 and transmits the radiation heat to fluid in the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24; the flue gas generated by the combustion of the biomass fuel flows from the flue gas chamber 32 to the settling chamber 28 through the convection heat exchange tube 25, and after the convection heat exchange tube 25 performs convection heat exchange with the flue gas, heat is transferred to the fluid in the annular heat exchange sleeve 27.
The tertiary air 43 is controlled by the gap size of the tertiary air channel 12, the lower cavity air 44 is controlled by the diameter and the number of the bottom air inlet holes 18, and by controlling the gap size of the tertiary air channel 12 and the diameter and the number of the bottom air inlet holes 18, most of the total air inlet 40 entering the total air inlet 39 is ensured to be relatively stably supplied to the air inlet holes 14 on the combustion tube 3, and the wind pressure of each point in the interlayer 4 is basically stable and consistent; the air inlet quantity of each layer of air inlet holes 14 on the combustion tube 3 is basically consistent; the flame is heated layer by layer in the combustion tube 3 by layer combustion supporting of the secondary air 42, the highest temperature is reached at the top tube orifice, tar in the flue gas is thermally cracked and decomposed into combustible gas to be combusted continuously, and the thermal efficiency is improved.
Because the thermal cracking of tar is carried out at the pipe orifice at the top of the combustion pipe 3, the decomposed combustible gas cannot burn out in the combustion pipe 3, and the invention uses the gap formed between the upper end of the combustion pipe 3 and the inner container opening 11 as the tertiary air channel 12, thereby increasing the tertiary air 43, and the unburned combustible gas continues to burn out, thereby improving the thermal efficiency.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in an embodiment, a fluid heater for biomass stratified combustion is provided with a fluid inlet 36 at the lower end of an annular heat exchange sleeve 27, and a fluid outlet 37 at the upper end of a radiation heat exchange sleeve 24; the low-temperature fluid enters through the fluid inlet 36, is heated through the annular heat exchange sleeve 27 and then is heated through the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24, and the generated high-temperature fluid flows out from the fluid outlet 37. The embodiment has a feeding structure, the feeding structure comprises a storage bin 21, an auger 22, a feeding motor 23 and a chute 7, granular biomass fuel is added into the storage bin 21, the auger 22 is driven by the feeding motor 23 to push the biomass fuel into the chute 7, and the chute 7 slides the biomass fuel into the combustion pipe 3. The chute 7 is positioned above the side of the burner tube 3, and the initial biomass fuel that slides in falls near the ignition rod tube 6 at the bottom of the burner tube 3. The ignition rod tube 6 is inserted with an ignition rod 38.
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment has a cleaning structure comprising a cleaning door 10, an upper cleaning opening 26 and a lower cleaning opening 29, wherein the cleaning door 10 is located at the lower part of the fluid heater main body 1 and is communicated with the lower cavity of the liner 2, the cleaning door 10 is opened, the movable pipe bottom 8 can be pulled out, the coke residue is dropped and removed, and then the movable pipe bottom 8 is pushed in, and the cleaning door 10 is closed; the upper cleaning opening 26 is positioned at the top of the flue gas chamber 32, and the combustion tube 3, the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24, the convection heat exchange tube 25 and the auger 22 can be cleaned by opening the upper cleaning opening 26; the lower cleaning opening 29 is positioned on the side wall of the settling chamber 28, and the coke residue in the settling chamber 28 can be cleaned by opening the lower cleaning opening 29.
Referring to fig. 5, the embodiment is also provided with a control system, which consists of an electric appliance bin 30, a controller 31, a feeding motor 23, an induced draft fan 33, a blower 5 and an ignition rod 38, and is controlled to run by the controller 31 according to logic. An explosion-proof valve 34 is arranged at the upper end of the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24, and an atmosphere communication port 35 is arranged at the top end of the radiation heat exchange sleeve 24, so that safety is ensured.
Claims (7)
1. A biomass laminated combustion fluid heater, wherein a replacement heat jacket, an inner container (2) and a combustion tube (3) are arranged in a fluid heater main body (1), the combustion tube (3) can be pulled out and inserted from the inner container (2), the combustion tube (3) can move up and down, a plurality of air inlets (14) with variable functions are arranged on the side wall of the combustion tube (3) in a layering manner, and heat generated by combustion of biomass fuel in the combustion tube (3) is exchanged with fluid heat in the heat exchange jacket to realize fluid heating; the method is characterized in that: a bottom support plate (16) is arranged in the liner (2), the bottom support plate (16) divides the liner (2) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a coke dropping hole (19) is formed in the middle of the bottom support plate (16), the inner diameter of the coke dropping hole (19) is matched with the inner diameter of a combustion tube (3), the combustion tube (3) is placed on the bottom support plate (16), the combustion tube (3) on the bottom support plate (16) is coaxial with the coke dropping hole (19), and the bottom end of the combustion tube (3) is tightly attached to the upper surface of the bottom support plate (16) without air leakage; the lower surface of the bottom support plate (16) is provided with a guide rail (9), a drawing plate is inserted into the guide rail (9), the drawing plate is used as a movable pipe bottom (8) of the combustion pipe (3), after the movable pipe bottom (8) is pulled out, the combustion pipe (3) loses the pipe bottom, and coke residues in the combustion pipe (3) fall into a lower cavity of the liner (2); the movable pipe bottom (8) is inserted and then the pipe bottom of the combustion pipe (3) is sealed; a grate air inlet hole (20) is formed in the position, corresponding to the axis of the combustion tube (3), of the movable tube bottom (8); the bottom support plate (16) is provided with a through hole as a bottom air inlet hole (18); the top of the inner container (2) is provided with an inner container opening (11), the combustion tube (3) is drawn out and inserted from the inner container opening (11), a gap between the combustion tube (3) and the inner container opening (11) is used as a tertiary air channel (12), and the middle part of the upper cavity of the inner container (2) is provided with a total air inlet (39);
a flue gas chamber (32) is arranged above the inner container (2), and a sedimentation chamber (28) is arranged below the inner container (2); the heat exchange sleeve comprises a radiation heat exchange sleeve (24) arranged on the side wall of the flue gas chamber (32) and an annular heat exchange sleeve (27) arranged between the fluid heater main body (1) and the inner container (2), a plurality of convection heat exchange pipes (25) penetrate through the annular heat exchange sleeve (27) from top to bottom, the top ends of the convection heat exchange pipes (25) are communicated with the flue gas chamber (32), and the bottom ends of the convection heat exchange pipes (25) are communicated with the sedimentation chamber (28).
2. A biomass laminated combustion fluid heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the radiation heat exchange sleeve (24) and the annular heat exchange sleeve (27) are communicated with each other.
3. A biomass laminated combustion fluid heater as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the space between the liner (2) and the combustion tube (3) is an interlayer (4) which is used as a passage of combustion-supporting air; the air blower (5) blows air into the interlayer (4) between the combustion pipe (3) and the liner (2) through the total air inlet (39).
4. A biomass laminated combustion fluid heater as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the top end of the combustion tube (3) is provided with a traction piece (13), and the traction piece (13) is used for drawing out and inserting the combustion tube (3); when the combustion tube (3) is in operation, the combustion tube is inserted into the upper cavity of the liner (2), and the whole weight of the combustion tube (3) is supported by the bottom support plate (16); an ignition hole (15) is arranged at the bottom end of the combustion tube (3).
5. A biomass laminated combustion fluid heater as claimed in claim 4, wherein: an ignition rod tube (6) is arranged at the lower part of the upper cavity of the inner container (2); the ignition rod tube (6) is matched with the ignition hole (15).
6. A biomass laminated combustion fluid heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the bottom support plate (16) is provided with a plurality of positioning plates (17) with inward guide angles around the coke falling holes (19), the combustion tube (3) is inserted into the bottom support plate (16) along the positioning plates (17), and the combustion tube (3) and the coke falling holes (19) are concentric.
7. A method for combustion of biomass in a stratified charge, using the biomass-combusting fluid heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: the combustion tube (3) is inserted into the inner container (2) and is supported by the bottom supporting plate (16); the coking layers in the combustion tube (3) are piled up layer by layer, and the biomass fuel always burns on the upper surface of the uppermost coking layer; the air blower (5) blows air into an interlayer (4) between the combustion pipe (3) and the liner (2) through the total air inlet (39), and the air is distributed in the interlayer (4) in a flowing way and is divided into primary air (41), secondary air (42), tertiary air (43) and lower cavity air (44); the primary air (41) is air entering through an air inlet (14) below a combustion layer of the combustion pipe (3) and is used for burning biomass fuel fixtures; the secondary air (42) is air fed from an air inlet hole (14) above the combustion layer of the combustion tube (3) and is used for burning volatile matters of biomass fuel; the tertiary air (43) is air sprayed upwards through the tertiary air channel (12) and is used for burning out gas combustibles; the lower cavity air (44) is air entering the lower cavity of the inner container (2) through the bottom air inlet hole (18) and then entering the combustion tube (3) through the upper grate air inlet hole (20) of the movable tube bottom (8), and is used for supplementing primary air (41) which cannot reach the center of the combustion tube (3), so that biomass fuel in the center of the combustion tube (3) is combusted, and meanwhile, the lower cavity of the inner container (2) is kept at positive pressure; the radiation heat exchange sleeve (24) receives radiation heat of flame of the combustion tube (3) and transmits the radiation heat to fluid in the radiation heat exchange sleeve (24); the flue gas generated by the combustion of the biomass fuel flows from a flue gas chamber (32) to a settling chamber (28) through a convection heat exchange tube (25), and after the convection heat exchange tube (25) and the flue gas perform convection heat exchange, heat is transferred to fluid in an annular heat exchange sleeve (27).
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| CN106288388B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-06-23 | 西安交通大学 | Heat exchanger |
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| CN2784752Y (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-05-31 | 胡玉成 | Environment-friendly vertical coal-gasified and coal-fired boiler |
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