CN102012023A

CN102012023A - Burner for industrial kiln

Info

Publication number: CN102012023A
Application number: CN2010102027119A
Authority: CN
Inventors: F·塔罗齐
Original assignee: Siti B&T Group SpA
Current assignee: SITI-B&T集团股份公司; Siti B&T Group SpA
Priority date: 2009-09-03
Filing date: 2010-06-10
Publication date: 2011-04-13
Also published as: ITBO20090564A1; EP2299174A1

Abstract

Burner for an industrial kiln, comprising at least one first fuel inlet opening (15), at least one second comburent inlet opening (16) and at least one nozzle (31) afferent to the firing chamber (3) of the kiln (2), characterised in that it comprises suction means (34) that place said firing chamber (3) in communication with said second comburent inlet opening (16).

Description

The burner that is used for Industrial Stoves

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for the burner of Industrial Stoves.

More specifically, the present invention relates to be used to be fit to fire for example burner of the kiln of product such as ceramic tile, sanitary apparatus.

Background technology

In the field of Industrial Stoves, for example be fit to fire kiln as products such as ceramic tile, sanitary apparatus, use the burner of specific type, its regulation of production cycle in the stage because the high-temperature firing product that reaches by the combustibles of burn methane gas for example or other connection of equivalent type in inside.

The burner of these types typically is installed in the kiln of some known types, as continuous kiln or periodic kiln, tunnel cave or roller kilns: for example, in the latter, these a large amount of burners have been installed, these burners are arranged side by side along the path of product usually, have the nozzle with the direction of advance perpendicular of product self.

The high diffusion problem of the heat energy that produces be known that burning in the field of Industrial Stoves during, promptly heat energy is not utilized usually fully in the combustion chamber of kiln.Particularly, for example be used for the roller kilns of ceramic tile, typically mainly long-pending heat arranged in central region, and near sidewall or lower basically near the regional temperature of upper wall.

This situation causes direct and bad consequence, promptly causes uneven or is not that best product is fired, and therefore influences the final mass of product negatively.

Another important shortcoming of known type Industrial Stoves is that waste gas is discharged from through chimney then because of the high flow capacity of the waste gas of burning generation; And be that waste gas self has identical composition.

Need to eliminate high gas flow and in fact require to install large-scale filter, these filters have expensive operation and maintenance cost, and direct and related volume is directly proportional.In addition, discharging huge like this gas flow needs large-scale air-extractor, and this also means huge energy consumption and expensive maintenance cost.

Another known shortcoming of current Industrial Stoves common on market is such situation, that is, owing to use air from low-temperature region, be very low to the utilization rate again that typically is used for heating at the thermal energy of the air of burner inlet; Therefore, need high-octane input so that obtain enough flame temperatures in burner, this has increased the weight of the burden on the administrative expenses of equipment itself widely.

Summary of the invention

Technical assignment of the present invention is to improve the prior art level by eliminating above-mentioned shortcoming.

In this technical assignment, one object of the present invention is to make the burner that is used for Industrial Stoves, if compare with the burner of existing type, it may reclaim more substantial heat energy from the waste gas of combustion zone, and then utilize these heat energy so as to a greater extent in inlet preheating lead to the air of burner.

Another object of the present invention is the burner that is designed for Industrial Stoves, makes the inherent run duration in combustion chamber can obtain more balanced temperature, more specifically, and the central region of energy balance combustion zone itself and the temperature between the outer peripheral areas.

Another object of the present invention is to realize being used for the burner of Industrial Stoves, and therefore the exhausted air quantity that may reduce in the chimney by direct recirculating system also reduces the filtration of these gases and aspirate requirement.

Another object of the present invention is to realize being used for the burner of Industrial Stoves, the pollutant that is present in the flue dust can be imported in the combustion chamber again, pollutant can heavily be absorbed by ceramic material, otherwise these pollutants all spread in the chimney together with flue dust in the kiln of existing type.

All these or other purposes have been reached by the burner that is used for Industrial Stoves according to one or more claims.

First advantage that realizes by burner according to the present invention is such fact, promptly it always in the waste gas of spontaneous combustion chamber a large amount of heat energy of recycling in case in inlet directly preheating lead to the air of burner itself.

Another advantage that realizes by burner according to the present invention is such fact, and promptly it can make the combustion chamber temperature of Industrial Stoves more balanced.

Another advantage that realizes by burner according to the present invention is such fact, and promptly it can reduce the exhausted air quantity of getting rid of from the combustion chamber widely.

The additional advantage that realizes by burner according to the present invention is such fact, and promptly it can the retaining part pollutant, and these pollutants can directly heavily be absorbed by product in the combustion chamber.

Description of drawings

For those skilled in the art, according to following description and accompanying drawing (provide as an example and as the restriction purpose), these and additional advantage will become wherein clear:

Fig. 1 typically is used to fire for example cutaway view of the roller kilns of ceramic tile etc. of product, has wherein installed according to burner of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the decomposition diagram according to burner of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the phantom according to burner of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

Referring to figs. 1 to 3, the burner integral body that is used for Industrial Stoves according to the present invention is represented with drawing reference numeral 1.

Industrial Stoves with individual layer roller type shown in Figure 1 (whole represent with drawing reference numeral 2) are suitable for firing for example ceramic tile etc. of product, wherein the install combustion device 1 according to the present invention.

But it should be noted that after this special structure of the concise and to the point kiln of describing 2 does not constitute purpose of the present invention.Therefore, except in roller kilns, can be installed in according to burner of the present invention in the kiln of (for example in having the periodic kiln of combustion chamber) in the Industrial Stoves of any other type or other types (for example tunnel cave or double-layer roller hearth furnace), and without any restriction.

Usually, roller kilns 2 comprise by known way and being accommodated in by fireclay insulating refractory (promptly as shown in Figure 1 schematically, can thermal isolation and can bear high temperature and not can with the material of the other materials generation chemical reaction that contacts with it) upper wall 4 made, the combustion chamber 3 between lower wall 5 and two sidewalls 6.In the combustion chamber 3 that typically has key dimension (being longitudinal size), fire the cycle along this key dimension, plane 7 is defined, and for example flatly is provided with, and product 8 travels forward on plane 7.In the embodiment of the kiln 2 of Fig. 1, this plane of advancing 7 limits by the roller 9 of series of parallel, and roller 9 makes product 8 along kiln 2 translations.Roller 9 links to each other with the drive unit 10 of main known type, and for example, drive unit 10 comprises one group or several groups of gear motors 11, and gear motor 11 has speed change gear known but that do not illustrate, and speed change gear itself links to each other with roller 9.The cycle of typically firing of product 8 experience will not done particularly at this and be described in kiln 2, because this is completely normal pattern, in any case and because it does not constitute purpose of the present invention clearly.

Can notice that in Fig. 1 along the combustion chamber 3 of kiln 2, promptly 3 both sides own are provided with a plurality of burners 1 along the combustion chamber; In the embodiment shown in this, burner 1 not only is arranged on the top but also is arranged on the below with respect to plane 7, and product 8 advances on plane 7.

More specifically, for example, burner 1 is installed along the sidewall 6 of kiln 2, is installed in each through hole 12 place; Outside at sidewall 6 is provided with piping network, whole represents with drawing reference numeral 13, is used for to burner 1 supply fuel and oxidizer, also is used for from the combustion chamber 3 and scavenges.

The fuel that uses in kiln 2 may be made up of for example methane gas, and still, oxidizer can be made up of the air of the slight overpressure that for example obtains from the outside.Also can adopt the combustibles and/or the oxidizer of other types, and can not limit purpose of the present invention and effect.

We will clearly and directly claim that methane gas is a fuel at the remainder of this specification, and claim that air is an oxidizer, and this just as an example rather than be used to limit purpose.

Comprise main body 14 particularly at the burner 1 shown in Fig. 2,3, main body 14 defines first fuel inlet 15, the second oxidizer import 16 and is input to the 3rd floss hole 17 of oxidizer of the combustion chamber 3 of kiln.

With reference to figure 1, piping network 13 more specifically comprises and is used for to first pipeline 18 of first import, 15 supply gas of each burner 1 and is used for second import, 16 air fed second pipelines 19 to each burner.

Predict first pumping installations 20 and second pumping installations 21 respectively along first pipeline 18 and second pipeline 19,, therefore do not further describe because they are complete known type in this area.

The main body of being made by the metal material that for example has suitable mechanical property 14 has the substantially cylindrical tubular structure; First gas feed 15 is limited by the annex 22 from main body 14 outward extending tubuloses, for example is substantially perpendicular to the latter and connection with it.

Also be formed with the mouth 23 of tubulose basically on main body 14 side direction, tubulose mouth 23 defines second air intlet 16.

The 3rd air discharge ports 17 is limited on the flange 24, is formed and relative with first gas feed 15 by main body 14.

In main body 14, predict the device 25 that is used to trigger air-methane blended gas combustion.This flip flop equipment 25 is known general types, is suitable for causing the generation of spark, the spark ignition mist.

In addition, in main body 14, also predict flame detection device 26.This sniffer 26 also is known general type.

Other parts of flip flop equipment 25 and sniffer 26 and kiln 2 all are limited by the unit that is used to control and manage kiln 2 self-operatings, described unit does not illustrate in the accompanying drawings, but also be known general type, its device by for example programmable logic controller (PLC) or other equivalences constitutes.

In main body 14, predict the device 27 that is used for producing eddy current, so that positively promote mixed process at the mixture air-flow of air-methane gas; Also predict arm 28, be communicated with first import 15, methane gas comes out to flow to combustion chamber 3 by foreseeable hole F from arm 28.Generating means 27 comprises the disk 29 that for example is equipped with basic spiral groove 30, and the air groove 30 of flowing through is so that can obtain the transporting velocity with certain tangential component.

Burner 1 comprises the nozzle 31 that links to each other with main body 14; Nozzle 31 is communicated with the combustion chamber 3 of product,, in other words, flows directly into combustion chamber 3 that is.

Among the embodiment of burner 1 described here, nozzle 31 is axial flame types, that is, this nozzle is made of the cylindrical tubular cover basically, is made by suitable high temperature resistance material, and it is open at first base portion 32 and second base portion 33.More specifically, at first base portion 32, nozzle 31 is fixed in the flange 24 of main body 14, and gas combustion flame is in its second base portion, 33 ejections; This flame extends in the combustion chamber 3 of kiln 2, particularly is in the central region of combustion chamber 3 self basically.

Selectively, nozzle 31 may be a flame type (is known type but do not illustrate in the accompanying drawings) radially, promptly be made of the cover with a plurality of radial holes basically, flame through these radial hole ejections, extends outwardly near the sidewall 6 of kiln 2 respectively basically.

Burner comprises aspirator, and integral body represents that with drawing reference numeral 34 aspirator makes combustion chamber 3 be communicated with second oxidizer (being air) import 16.Therefore aspirator 34 can be implemented in and advance 16 towards second during the production cycle and reclaim the gas that is contained in the combustion chamber 3.This recovery of the gas of combustion chamber 3 makes this burner can obtain many technical advantages, and this will become clearer in the remainder of specification.

Aspirator 34 comprises suction pipe 35, particularly can see in Fig. 2,3.Suction pipe 35 is made by for example refractory material.More specifically, suction pipe 35 also has first end 36 that flows directly into combustion chamber 3 and second end 37 that is communicated with second air intlet 16.

Aspirator 34 also comprises the Venturi tube 38 with inlet 39 and outlet 41, inlet 39 both be used for being communicated with to burner 1 air fed device (whole represent) with drawing reference numeral 40, be communicated with suction pipe 35 again, be communicated with second air intlet 16 that is arranged in burner body 14 and export 41.Effect with Venturi tube 38 is the pressure drop that causes (just as is known) from the air stream of feedway 40, and Venturi tube 38 sensings second import 16, follows spontaneous combustion chamber 3 is got in described pressure drop back by suction pipe 35 gas.

For this purpose, aspirator comprises "T"-shaped joint 42, the 3rd branch road 45 that joint 42 has first branch road 43 that communicates with air feeder 40, second branch road 44 that communicates with suction pipe 35 and communicates with Venturi tube 38.

More specifically, as shown in Figure 3, air feeder 40 comprises the tubular portion 46 that links to each other with first branch road 43 of "T"-shaped joint 42, and tubular portion 46 extends in that joint 42 self is inner, basically up to the inlet 39 of Venturi tube 38.Particularly, tubular portion 46 is fixed in external screw thread lining 47, and external screw thread lining 47 engages with convergent joint 48, and convergent joint 48 is connected with first branch road 43 of joint 42.Then, lining 47 again directly or the mode of inserting with unshowned known continuous device, be connected with second pipeline 19 of supply from outside inhaled air.

On the other hand, suction pipe 35 is connected with sleeve pipe 49, and sleeve pipe 49 has the external female screw thread of the branch road 44 that is received into " T " shape joint 42.

Particularly, Venturi tube 38 has the inlet 39 of the external female screw thread that is equipped with the 3rd branch road 45 that engages "T"-shaped joint.In addition, also predict the mouth 23 that cylinder-shaped joint 50 is used for the outlet 41 of Venturi tube 38 is threadedly connected to main body 14.

Shown in Fig. 2,3 among the embodiment of burner described here, the axis normal of suction pipe 35 and Venturi tube 38; In addition, the symmetry axis of mixing chamber 14 is followed the axis normal with Venturi tube 38, so that a kind of " U " shape structure is provided for burner 1.

In the embodiment according to burner of the present invention, aspirator 34 is provided with flow regulator 51 and/or the pressure-regulating device 51 of the gas extracted out from combustion chamber 3.This adjusting device 51 with dashed lines in Fig. 3 is schematically illustrated.This adjusting device may be by for example valve, and sluice valve or be used for blocks at any other device of the foreseeable opening of second end 37 of suction pipe 35 to be formed.Selectively, this adjusting device 51 also may be provided with along suction pipe 35 self, perhaps even be arranged on second branch road, 44 places of "T"-shaped joint 42.

In fact, burner 1 is installed in the kiln 2 in the mode of routine, that is, the axis of nozzle 31 is substantially perpendicular to the direction of advance of product 8 in combustion chamber 3.Therefore, suction pipe 35 also is provided with the axis of himself perpendicular to the product direction of advance, and therefore with nozzle 31 side by side.

The air of the slight overpressure that pumps into from the outside by second pumping installations 21 flow through second pipeline 19 and feedway 40, and therefore flow along pipe section 46, to such an extent as to enter Venturi tube 38, arrive second import 16 of the main body 14 of burner then.

Flow through first pipeline 18 and arrive first import 15 of main body 14 of the methane gas that pumps into by first pumping installations 20 or other fuel.

In nozzle 31, the device 25 that is triggered activates, and methane gas burns, and described gas produces flame, and its combustion product is sent in the combustion chamber 3 of kiln 2 at high speed.

As is known, the air that is provided by feedway 40 produces certain pressure drop through Venturi tube 38, has reclaimed the gas that is present in the combustion chamber 3; Flow through suction pipe 35 and mix of these gases with air.

Gas from combustion chamber 3 typically is made up of the combustion product and the residual air of methane gas, and have certain temperature at least, and it can change between 700 ℃ and 1200 ℃ according to the zone.

Typically fire in the cycle at these products, flow into " fresh " air themperature of burner between 40-50 ℃ through feedway 40.

Therefore, " fresh " air and produce the mixture of air and combustion product from the mixing of the gas of combustion chamber 3 basically, it enters burner with the temperature between average about 500 ℃ to about 600 ℃, promptly, wherein adopt energy recirculating system commonly used at present far above the temperature of the preheated air of common introducing general type burner.

Can obtain some important advantages like this.At first, the air that enters burner has higher substantially temperature with respect to the burner of routine, can reduce the consumption of the energy that needs in order to obtain enough flame temperatures like this.

Be such fact with obtainable another the important advantage of burner according to the present invention, promptly, the effect of aspirator 34 helps to regain to the sidewall 6 of kiln 2 high-temperature gas of the central region that accumulates in combustion chamber 3, so that make combustion chamber 3 self temperature inside more balanced.These actual conditions can make product 8 have definitely than the better quality of product that obtains in the kiln that has been equipped with the general type burner.

Be such fact with obtainable another the important advantage of burner according to the present invention, promptly, the effect of aspirator 34 (regaining the gas be contained in the combustion chamber 3 in the continuous cycle) can reduce air-flow fully, combustion product and other the possible gas promptly carried to the chimney of kiln 2, form during firing.In other words, 3 regain continuously portion gas from the combustion chamber in burner 1, having reduced substantially need be from the inner gas flow of getting rid of in combustion chamber 3 self of kiln 2.Therefore these actual conditions are converted into the littler requirement of filtration 3 gases of getting rid of from the combustion chamber, therefore make us can save the filtering exhaust stage and may be at the resource and the energy of outlet cooling exhaust (if exist or if desired) of being specifically designed to.

Another advantage that can realize with burner according to the present invention is such fact, that is, and and 3 the main body 14 continuous gases of regaining from the combustion chamber to burner; As mentioned, this causes, and temperature rises under the situation that burning takes place, and in the combustion chamber 3 self more balanced temperature in inside; Can be in product 8 (particularly in ceramic tile) obtain the heavily absorption of phosphorus compound, be actually because high temperature can be retained in the combustion chamber 3.In fact, usually, when firing in the burner kiln that is being equipped with general type, these materials are directly discharged by chimney.

Be such fact with the obtainable additional advantage of burner according to the present invention, 3 the main body 14 withdrawal gases from the combustion chamber to burner, this can reduce the amount of the carbon dioxide that is discharged from as combustion product.

Therefore known how the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose.

According to preferred embodiment the present invention has been described, but in the modification that under the situation of the protection domain that proposes by following claim, can imagine equivalence.

Claims

1. the burner that is used for Industrial Stoves, described burner comprises at least one first fuel inlet (15), at least one second oxidizer import (16) and at least one nozzle (31) of importing to the combustion chamber (3) of kiln (2), it is characterized in that described burner comprises the aspirator (34) that described combustion chamber (3) is communicated with the described second oxidizer import (16).

2. according to the burner of claim 1, wherein said aspirator has adjusting device (51), and described adjusting device (51) is used for regulating flow and/or the pressure from the gas of described combustion chamber (3) extraction.

3. according to the burner of claim 1 or 2, wherein said aspirator (34) comprises at least one suction pipe (35), described at least one suction pipe (35) has first end (36) that communicates with described combustion chamber (3) and second end (37) that communicates with the described second oxidizer import (16).

4. according to each the burner in the aforementioned claim, wherein said pumping installations (34) comprises at least one Venturi tube (38), described at least one Venturi tube (38) has and oxidizer feedway (40) and described suction pipe (35) inlet communicating (39) and the outlet (41) that communicates with the described second oxidizer import (16).

5. according to the burner of claim 4, wherein said pumping installations (34) comprises at least one "T"-shaped joint (42), "T"-shaped joint (42) has first branch road (43) that communicates with described oxidizer feedway (40), second branch road (44) that communicates with described suction pipe (35) and the 3rd branch road (45) that communicates with described Venturi tube (38).

6. according to the burner of claim 4 or 5, wherein said oxidizer feedway (40) comprises at least one tubular portion (46) that is connected with described first branch road (43) of described T junction (42), described at least one tubular portion (46) extends in the inside of described joint (42), basically up to the described inlet (39) of described Venturi tube (38).

7. according to each burner in the claim 4 to 6, the axis normal of wherein said suction pipe (35) is in the axis of described Venturi tube (38).

8. according to each burner in the claim 4 to 7, described burner comprises at least one main body (14), and described at least one main body (14) has the mouth (23) that communicates with the described outlet (41) of described Venturi tube (38) and limits the described second oxidizer import (16).

9. burner according to Claim 8, the axis normal of wherein said main body (14) is in the axis of described Venturi tube (38).

10. according to Claim 8 or 9 burner, described burner comprises at least one cylinder-shaped joint (50) that described Venturi tube (38) is connected with described main body (14).

11. each burner in 10 according to Claim 8, described burner comprises at least one nozzle (31) that is connected and communicates with described combustion chamber (3) with described main body (14).

12. according to each burner in the aforementioned claim, described burner comprises flame detection device (26).

13. according to each burner in the aforementioned claim, described burner comprises the device (27) that is used for producing at the fluid of the mixture of the inner fuel-oxidizer of described nozzle (31) eddy current.

14. according to each burner in the claim 3 to 13, wherein said suction pipe (35) is made by refractory material.

15. according to each burner in the aforementioned claim, wherein said nozzle (31) is axial flame type.

16. according to each burner in the aforementioned claim, wherein said nozzle (31) is a flame type radially.

17. Industrial Stoves is characterized in that, described Industrial Stoves comprise according to each burner (1) in the claim 1 to 18.

18. be used for the method at Industrial Stoves (2) recycling heat energy, described Industrial Stoves (2) comprise at least one combustion chamber (3) and at least one burner (1), described method comprises the following steps:

-bleed from the combustion chamber (3) of kiln;

-in the burner (1) of kiln (2) with described gas and oxidizer and fuel mix.