WO2016201740A1

WO2016201740A1 - Flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2016201740A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/083359
Authority: WO
Inventors: 裴韩佶
Original assignee: 裴韩佶
Priority date: 2015-06-19
Filing date: 2015-09-18
Publication date: 2016-12-22
Also published as: CN104930537A; CN104930537B

Abstract

Provided is a flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus, comprising a furnace body, wherein a combustion chamber (14) is provided inside the furnace body, a flue gas channel (18) is provided at the top of the combustion chamber (14), a combustion tray (10) is provided at the bottom inside the combustion chamber (14), and horizontal and vertical feeding devices (30, 3) are provided at the bottom of the furnace body; the side wall of the combustion chamber (14) is formed of an inner wall (13) and an outer wall (15), a spiral water pipe (11) is provided outside the inner wall (13), air inlet channels (20, 23) are reserved between the inner wall (13) and the outer wall (15), multiple air inlet nozzles (12, 24) corresponding to the air inlet channels (20, 23) are provided in the inner wall (13), and the air inlet nozzles (12, 24) pass through the gaps of the spiral water pipe (11) and communicate with the air inlet channels (20, 23) and the combustion chamber (14); transverse partition plates (22) are provided in the air inlet channels (20, 23); an upper air inlet fan (16) communicating with the upper air inlet channel (20) and a lower air inlet fan (25) communicating with the lower air inlet channel (23) are provided on the outer wall (15); an air inlet of the lower air inlet fan (25) is connected with the outside atmosphere and a flue gas channel (18); the furnace body is further provided with an igniter passing through the outer wall (15) and the inner wall (13); and a deslagging gap (8) is reserved in the periphery of the combustion tray (10), and the lower portion of the deslagging gap (8) communicates with a deslagging device. The combustion apparatus can be used for the disposal of various types of combustible waste, and can provide a high-temperature flue gas for the subsequent heat exchanger.

Description

Flue gas recirculation combustion device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a heat utilization device, and more particularly to a combustion heat energy utilization device.

Background technique

The coal-fired boiler in the prior art generally comprises two kinds of fire tube boilers and water tube boilers, and the structure mainly comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a furnace, the burner is connected with a burner and a fan, and the burner is sprayed into the furnace. The pulverized coal is mixed with the air supplied by the fan, and the generated heat energy is transferred to the water, which can be used to produce steam or hot water. The disadvantages are as follows: First, in the prior art boiler, the combustion material is directly burned in the furnace, and the space for storing water and the space for combustion need to be integrally manufactured, so that the volume of the furnace body is large; secondly, due to fuel The fluctuation of supply and intake air volume causes the furnace body to vibrate during combustion, which makes the fixing of the thermal insulation material difficult; thirdly, the combustion conditions are harsh, and the particle size of the coal powder is high; fourthly, the slag after combustion Can not automatically slag, need manual cleaning, not easy to run management. Fifth, existing boilers generally cannot burn waste such as straw and residual oil.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a flue gas recirculation and combustion device, which can burn waste such as straw, residual oil and domestic garbage, can efficiently supply hot flue gas, and the fuel is automatically supplied, can automatically discharge slag, and can Improve thermal energy utilization and efficiency.

The object of the present invention is achieved by a flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus comprising a furnace body having a combustion chamber, a flue gas passage at the top of the combustion chamber, and a combustion tray at the bottom of the combustion chamber. The bottom is provided with a vertical feeding device, the inlet of the vertical feeding device is connected with the outlet of the horizontal feeding device, the inlet of the horizontal feeding device is provided with a feeding hopper, and the outlet of the vertical feeding device is upwardly passed through the combustion tray to be burned The side wall of the combustion chamber is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, and a spiral water pipe is arranged outside the inner wall, and an air inlet passage is left between the inner wall and the outer wall, and a plurality of air inlet nozzles are arranged on the inner wall corresponding to the air inlet passage, and the air inlet nozzle a gap passing through the spiral water pipe is connected to the air inlet passage and the combustion chamber; the air inlet passage is provided with a transverse partition plate to divide the air inlet passage into an upper air inlet passage and a lower air inlet passage, and the air inlet nozzle is also divided into An upper air inlet nozzle corresponding to the upper air inlet passage and a lower air inlet nozzle corresponding to the lower air inlet passage; the upper portion of the outer wall is provided with an upper inlet fan connecting the upper inlet air passage; and the lower portion of the outer wall is provided with a lower inlet air passage The inlet fan is connected to the outside air, and the other is connected to the flue gas bypass pipe provided on the flue gas passage; the furnace body is also provided with an ignition burner penetrating the outer wall and the inner wall; There is a slag discharge gap, and the slagging device is connected below the slag discharge gap.

In the working of the invention, the material for combustion is fed into the combustion chamber through the horizontal feeding device and the vertical feeding device. In the combustion chamber, the combustible material is ignited by the ignition burner and can be continuously burned, and the combustion oxygen is supported from the upper air. The passage and the lower inlet passage are supplied, and are injected into the combustion chamber through the upper inlet nozzle and the lower inlet nozzle, and the high temperature flue gas rises after combustion. Enter the flue gas passage; an air medium heat exchanger can be installed in the flue gas passage to produce hot water or steam. When there is too much slag generated after combustion, it will fall from the edge of the combustion tray and be further discharged from the slag discharge device. During the combustion process, the water in the spiral water pipe is heated, and the hot water can be preheated, and the air in the upper air inlet passage can also be preheated, thereby improving the heat utilization efficiency. The lower inlet fan can obtain oxygen from the two channels for feeding into the combustion chamber, one way is to directly extract air from the atmosphere, and is injected into the combustion chamber through the lower inlet nozzle; the other way extracts part of the flue gas after combustion from the flue gas passage, the smoke There is also some partially incompletely burned oxygen in the gas. Because of the high temperature of the flue gas, it can provide a high-temperature environment for burning combustible materials, which can further help the material with large water content to burn spontaneously. In addition, two winds can be mixed into the air. It not only increases the inlet air temperature, but also has enough oxygen to improve the combustion environment. The device can utilize the combustible wastes such as straw, residual oil and plastic to produce hot flue gas, which reduces pollution on the one hand and reuses heat energy on the other hand, which changes the structure of the traditional boiler. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are as follows: First, the volume of the furnace body is small, the arrangement is flexible, and the thermal efficiency is high; secondly, the vibration of the furnace body during combustion does not affect the heat exchanger portion; Third, it can automatically supply fuel; Fourth, the slag after combustion can be automatically discharged, no need to manually clean the slag in the combustion chamber, and the operation and management are convenient. Fifthly, it can preheat the air and water, effectively reducing the external heat dissipation of the furnace body. At the same time, under the cooling effect of the air inlet passage, the outer wall of the furnace does not need to be provided with an insulation layer or only a thin insulation layer can be provided. A lot of savings in furnace insulation. The device can burn coal powder, coal, biomass fuel, residual oil, straw and other combustible solid waste, and can provide high temperature flue gas to the subsequent heat exchanger. It can be used to treat a variety of combustible waste.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer wall and the inner wall are coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the upper end of the combustion chamber is connected to the flue gas passage through the reduced diameter throat, and the outer wall is connected to the outer side of the reduced diameter throat to be provided with a steady flow. The cavity and the steady flow cavity correspond to the upper end of the upper air inlet passage, and the cavity area of the steady flow cavity gradually decreases from the top to the bottom in the horizontal section. The reduced diameter throat has the function of slowing and blocking the flue gas to ensure that the flue gas is fully combusted in the combustion chamber to reduce the discharge and improve the thermal efficiency; the steady flow chamber acts as a stable air flow, so that the airflow supplied by the upper fan can be balanced downward. Supply to each upper air inlet nozzle.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the air blowing axis of the upper air inlet nozzle is distributed in a spiral shape, and the air blowing axis of the lower air inlet nozzle faces the combustion tray. It is also possible that the air blowing axes of the upper air inlet nozzle and the lower air inlet nozzle are in the same swirling distribution. During its operation, the airflow from the lower inlet nozzle is directly blown toward the combustion tray or enters into a swirling flow to support the initial combustion. The upper inlet nozzle sprays a swirling airflow to drive the flue gas to rotate, so as to ensure that the hot flue gas is in the combustion chamber. The long residence time allows the incompletely combusted material in the flue gas to burn sufficiently, on the one hand to reduce emissions and on the other hand to make full use of thermal energy.

In order to achieve a good combustion effect, the ratio of the height occupied by the upper air inlet passage to the overall height of the lower air inlet passage in the height direction of the combustion chamber is (1:1) to (3:1). This solution takes into account the ratio of the initial combustion air to the full combustion air, making the combustion more thorough.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the slagging device includes a slag discharge pipe corresponding to the slag discharge gap, and a slag discharge mechanism is connected to the bottom of the slag discharge pipe; the driven gear and the driven gear are arranged on the upper side of the slag discharge pipe Rotatable mounted on vertical feed On the outer side of the device, the driven gear is provided with a slag hole corresponding to the slag discharging pipe, and the lower side of the driven gear is provided with a scraping plate, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear driven by the motor. When the driven gear rotates, the scraping plate scrapes the slag into the slag discharging pipe, which can realize automatic slag discharging.

As a further improvement of the present invention, an auxiliary burner is further connected to the combustion chamber, and the auxiliary burner is disposed at an upper portion of the combustion chamber side. By means of the auxiliary combustion of the auxiliary burner, the device is capable of burning a fuel having a lower calorific value or a larger moisture.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the upper inlet nozzle.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the lower inlet nozzle.

Among them, 1 row slag mechanism, 2 rows of slag pipes, 3 vertical feeding devices, 4 bottom inlet fans, 5 bearings, 6 driven gears, 7 drive gears, 8 rows of slag gaps, 9 ignition burners, 10 combustion trays, 11 Spiral water pipe, 12 upper air inlet nozzle, 13 inner wall, 14 combustion chamber, 15 outer wall, 16 upper fan, 17 reduced diameter throat, 18 flue gas passage, 19 steady flow chamber, 20 upper inlet passage, 21 auxiliary burner, 22 lateral Partition, 23 lower air inlet, 24 lower air inlet nozzle, 25 lower inlet fan, 26 bottom air chamber, 27 slag hole, 28 scraping board, 29 feeding hopper, 30 horizontal feeding device, 31 beside the flue gas Through the pipe.

detailed description

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a flue gas recirculation combustion device, comprising a furnace body, a combustion chamber 14 is arranged in the furnace body, a flue gas passage 18 is arranged on the top of the combustion chamber 14 , and a combustion tray is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber 14 . 10, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a vertical feeding device 3, the inlet of the vertical feeding device 3 is connected with the outlet of the horizontal feeding device 30, the inlet of the horizontal feeding device 30 is provided with a feeding hopper 29, and the vertical feeding device 3 The outlet is turned up through the combustion tray 10 to close the combustion chamber 14; the side wall of the combustion chamber 14 is composed of an inner wall 13 and an outer wall 15, a spiral water pipe 11 is disposed outside the inner wall 13, and an air inlet is left between the inner wall 13 and the outer wall 15. a plurality of air inlet nozzles are arranged on the inner wall 13 corresponding to the air inlet passage, and the air inlet nozzle passes through the gap of the spiral water pipe 11 to connect the air inlet passage and the combustion chamber 14; the horizontal air partition 22 is provided in the air inlet passage The inlet passage is divided into an upper inlet passage 20 and a lower inlet passage 23, and in the height direction of the combustion chamber 14, the ratio of the height occupied by the upper inlet passage 20 to the height occupied by the lower inlet passage 23 is (1:1). )~(3:1). The air inlet nozzle is also divided into an upper air inlet nozzle 12 corresponding to the upper air inlet passage 20 and a lower air inlet nozzle 24 corresponding to the lower air inlet passage 23; the air blowing axis of the upper air inlet nozzle 12 and the lower air inlet nozzle 24 is rotated The same swirling distribution may be such that the air blowing axis of the upper air inlet nozzle 12 is swirled, and the air blowing axis of the lower air inlet nozzle 24 is directed toward the combustion tray 10. The upper portion of the outer wall 15 is provided with an upper fan 16 for connecting the upper air inlet passage 20; the lower portion of the outer wall 15 is provided with a lower inlet fan 25 for connecting the lower air inlet passage 23; the air inlet of the lower inlet fan 25 is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other is The flue gas bypass pipe 31 is disposed on the flue gas passage 18; the furnace body is further provided with an ignition burner 9 penetrating the outer wall 15 and the inner wall 13; the outer periphery of the combustion tray 10 is provided with a slag discharge gap 8, and the slag discharge gap 8 is below Connect Slag discharge device. An auxiliary burner 21 is also connected to the combustion chamber 14, and the auxiliary burner 21 is disposed at an upper portion of the combustion chamber 14.

The outer wall 15 and the inner wall 13 are coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape. The upper end of the combustion chamber 14 is connected to the flue gas passage 18 via the reduced-diameter throat 17, and the inner wall 13 is connected to the outer side of the reduced-throat throat 17 to be provided with a constant flow chamber 19 The steady flow chamber 19 corresponds to the upper end of the upper air inlet passage 20, and the constant flow chamber 19 gradually decreases in the horizontal section from the top to the bottom.

In order to further assist combustion, a bottom air chamber 26 is disposed on the lower side of the combustion tray 10. The combustion tray 10 is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes for opening the bottom air chamber 26 and the combustion chamber 14, and a bottom inlet fan 4 is disposed below the bottom air chamber 26. .

The specific structure of the slagging device is as follows: the slag discharge pipe 2 is disposed corresponding to the slag discharge gap 8, and the slag discharge mechanism 1 is connected to the bottom of the slag discharge pipe 2; the driven gear 6 is disposed on the upper side of the slag discharge pipe 2 The driven gear 6 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the vertical feeding device 3 via the bearing 5, the driven gear 6 is provided with a slag hole 27 corresponding to the slag discharging pipe 2, and the lower side of the driven gear 6 is provided with scraping slag The plate 28, the driven gear 6 meshes with the drive gear 7 driven by the motor.

In operation, the material for combustion is supplied from the feed hopper 29, and is fed into the combustion chamber 14 through the horizontal feed device 30 and the vertical feed device 3, and in the combustion chamber 14, the combustible material is ignited by the burner 9 After ignition, the combustion can be continued, and the ignition burner 9 can also work for a long time to realize auxiliary combustion. The auxiliary burner 21 can also realize auxiliary combustion, and the auxiliary combustion is mainly used for materials with low calorific value. The oxygen supporting the combustion is supplied from the upper inlet passage 20 and the lower inlet passage 23, and is injected into the combustion chamber 14 through the upper inlet nozzle 12 and the lower inlet nozzle 24, and a high temperature flue gas rises after combustion to enter the flue gas passage 18 An aqueous medium heat exchanger may be provided in the flue gas passage 18 for producing hot water or steam. When there is too much slag generated after combustion, it will fall from the edge of the combustion tray 10. When the driven gear 6 rotates, the scraper plate 28 scrapes the slag into the slag discharge pipe 2, and the slag discharge mechanism 1 automatically discharges the slag. During the combustion process, the water in the spiral water pipe 11 is heated, preheated water can be preheated, or steam can be directly produced, and the air in the upper air inlet passage 20 can also be preheated, thereby improving the heat utilization efficiency. The lower inlet fan 25 can obtain oxygen from two channels for feeding into the combustion chamber 14, one for directly extracting air from the atmosphere, and the lower air inlet nozzle 24 for injecting into the combustion chamber 14; the other for extracting the burned portion from the flue gas passage 18 Flue gas, which also contains some unburned oxygen. Because of the high temperature of the flue gas, it can provide a high-temperature environment for combustible materials to support combustion, which can further help the self-combustion of materials with large water content to realize flue gas recycling. . In addition, it is also possible to mix two winds into the air, which not only increases the inlet air temperature, but also has enough oxygen to improve the combustion environment. The device can burn coal powder, coal, biomass fuel, residual oil, straw and other combustible solid waste to produce hot flue gas, hot water or steam, on the one hand reduce pollution, on the other hand, can reuse heat energy, It changed the structure of a conventional boiler. High temperature flue gas can be supplied to the subsequent heat exchanger. The unit can be used to treat a variety of combustible wastes and can be used as a waste incinerator.

The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and deformations of some of the technical features without any creative labor according to the disclosed technical contents. These substitutions and modifications are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims

A flue gas recirculation combustion device comprises a furnace body, a combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and a flue gas passage is arranged on the top of the combustion chamber, wherein: a combustion tray is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber, and a vertical supply is provided at the bottom of the furnace body. a feeding device, the inlet of the vertical feeding device is connected to the outlet of the horizontal feeding device, the inlet of the horizontal feeding device is provided with a feeding hopper, and the outlet of the vertical feeding device is turned up through the combustion tray to open the combustion chamber; The side wall of the chamber is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, and a spiral water pipe is arranged outside the inner wall, and an air inlet passage is left between the inner wall and the outer wall, and a plurality of air inlet nozzles are arranged on the inner wall corresponding to the air inlet passage, and the air inlet nozzle passes through the spiral water pipe. The gap is connected to the air inlet passage and the combustion chamber; the air inlet passage is provided with a transverse partition plate to divide the air inlet passage into an upper air inlet passage and a lower air inlet passage, and the air inlet nozzle is further divided into an upper air inlet passage corresponding to the upper air inlet passage An upper inlet nozzle and a lower inlet nozzle corresponding to the lower inlet passage; the upper portion of the outer wall is provided with an upper inlet fan connecting the upper inlet passage; and the lower portion of the outer wall is provided with a lower inlet fan connecting the lower inlet passage; The air inlet of the fan is connected to the outside atmosphere all the way, and the other channel is connected with the flue gas bypass pipe provided on the flue gas passage; the furnace body is also provided with an ignition burner penetrating the outer wall and the inner wall; the slag discharge gap is left outside the combustion tray The slagging device is connected below the slag gap.
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall and the inner wall are coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the upper end of the combustion chamber is connected to the flue gas passage via the reduced diameter throat. The outer wall of the inner wall connecting the reduced throat position is provided with a steady flow cavity, and the steady flow cavity corresponds to the upper end of the upper air inlet passage, and the cavity area of the steady flow cavity gradually decreases from top to bottom in the horizontal section.
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air blowing axis of said upper air inlet nozzle is distributed in a spiral shape, and the air blowing axis of said lower air inlet nozzle faces said combustion tray.
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air blowing axes of said upper air inlet nozzle and said lower air inlet nozzle are in the same swirling distribution.
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the height direction of the combustion chamber, the ratio of the height occupied by the upper inlet passage as a whole to the height occupied by the lower inlet passage is ( 1:1)~(3:1).
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: a bottom wind chamber is arranged on the lower side of the combustion tray, and a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the combustion tray to connect the bottom wind. The chamber and the combustion chamber have a bottom inlet fan below the bottom air chamber.
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the slagging device comprises a slag discharge pipe corresponding to a slag discharge gap, and a slag discharge is connected to the bottom of the slag discharge pipe a mechanism; the upper side of the slag discharge pipe is provided with a driven gear, the driven gear is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the vertical feeding device, and the driven gear is provided with a slag hole corresponding to the slag discharge pipe, and the driven gear is under the driven gear The scraper plate is provided on the side, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear driven by the motor.
A flue gas recirculation combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the combustion chamber is further connected with an auxiliary burner, and the auxiliary burner is disposed at an upper portion of the combustion chamber side.