WO2016169126A1

WO2016169126A1 - Combustion flue gas supply device

Info

Publication number: WO2016169126A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/083132
Authority: WO
Inventors: 裴韩佶
Original assignee: 扬州斯大锅炉有限公司
Priority date: 2015-04-24
Filing date: 2015-07-02
Publication date: 2016-10-27
Also published as: CN104791769A

Abstract

A combustion flue gas supply device includes a furnace body. A combustion chamber (5) is arranged in the furnace body. A combustion tray (6) is provided in the combustion chamber (5). A lower air cavity (7) for air intake is arranged at the underside of the combustion tray (6). A perpendicular material feeding device (12) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. The inlet of the perpendicular material feeding device (12) is connected with the outlet of a horizontal material feeding device (10). The outlet of the perpendicular material feeding device (12) is communicated with the combustion chamber (5) at the lower air cavity (7) and the combustion tray (6). The side wall of the combustion chamber (5) is composed of an outer wall (21), a middle wall (23) and an inner wall (24). An inner layer air channel between the inner wall (24) and the middle wall (23) is connected with main air intake fans (3, 22). Multiple air intake nozzles (20) with vertically distributed air spraying axes are arranged on the inner wall (24) to communicate with the inner layer air channel and the combustion chamber (5). An outer layer air channel between the outer wall (21) and the middle wall (23) is connected with an air curtain fan (8), and the inlet of the air curtain fan (8) is arranged at the lower portion of the outer layer air channel. The upper end of the outer layer air channel is communicated with the top of the combustion chamber (5), and a de-slagging device is arranged corresponding to the combustion tray (6). The device is used for generating hot flue gas. The furnace body has small volume, flexible arrangement, sufficient combustion, and high thermal efficiency, and automatic fuel supplying and de-slagging can be achieved.

Description

Combustion flue gas supply device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a heat utilization device, and more particularly to a combustion heat energy utilization device.

Background technique

The coal-fired boiler in the prior art generally comprises two kinds of fire tube boilers and water tube boilers, and the structure mainly comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a furnace, the burner is connected with a burner and a fan, and the burner is sprayed into the furnace. The pulverized coal is mixed with the air supplied by the fan, and the generated heat energy is transferred to the water, which can be used to produce steam or hot water. The disadvantages are as follows: First, in the prior art boiler, the combustion material is directly burned in the furnace, and the space for storing water and the space for combustion need to be integrally manufactured, so that the volume of the furnace body is large; secondly, due to fuel The fluctuation of supply and intake air volume causes the furnace body to vibrate during combustion, which makes the fixing of the thermal insulation material difficult; thirdly, the combustion conditions are harsh, and the particle size of the coal powder is high; fourthly, the slag after combustion Can not automatically slag, need manual cleaning, not easy to run management.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a combustion flue gas supply device which can efficiently supply hot flue gas, can realize automatic fuel supply, and automatically discharge slag.

The object of the present invention is achieved by a combustion flue gas supply device comprising a furnace body, a combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, a flue gas outlet pipe is arranged on the top of the combustion chamber, and a combustion tray is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the combustion tray is arranged under the combustion tray. There is a lower air chamber on the side, a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the combustion tray to connect the lower air chamber and the combustion chamber, and a lower inlet fan is connected to the lower air chamber; a vertical feeding device is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and the vertical feeding device is imported Connected to the outlet of the horizontal feeder, the outlet downwind chamber of the vertical feeder and the combustion tray are connected to the combustion chamber; the side wall of the combustion chamber is composed of an outer wall, a middle wall and an inner wall, and an inner layer wind between the inner wall and the middle wall The main connecting fan is connected to the main inlet fan, and the inner wall is provided with a plurality of air inlet nozzles for connecting the inner air passage and the combustion chamber, and the outer air passage between the outer wall and the middle wall is connected with the air curtain fan, and the inlet of the air curtain fan is set In the lower part of the outer air passage, the upper end of the outer air passage is connected to the top of the combustion chamber, and a slagging device is arranged corresponding to the combustion tray.

In the working of the invention, the material for combustion is fed into the combustion chamber through the horizontal feeding device and the vertical feeding device. In the combustion chamber, the combustible material is ignited and burned continuously, and a part of the oxygen supporting the combustion passes through the air inlet hole from the leeward chamber. The inside enters the combustible material, and the other part is sprayed into the combustion chamber from the inner air duct through the air inlet nozzle. After combustion, the high temperature flue gas rises and mixes with the cold air from the outer air passage, and the flue gas that is not completely burned encounters The air from the layer air duct continues to burn, and at the same time exchanges heat with the air to form more high-temperature flue gas, which is sent to the heat exchange device through the flue gas outlet pipe for producing hot water or steam. When there is too much slag generated after combustion, it will overflow from the edge of the combustion tray and be further discharged through the slag discharge device. The device is primarily used to produce hot flue gas, which changes the structure of a conventional boiler such that the combustion exotherm and the water endotherm are separated from each other. Its beneficial effect It is: First, the volume of the furnace body is small, the arrangement is flexible, and the thermal efficiency is high; secondly, the vibration of the furnace body during combustion does not affect the heat exchanger part; third, it can automatically supply fuel; The slag after combustion can be automatically discharged, and it is not necessary to manually clean the slag in the combustion chamber, and the operation and management are convenient. Fifth, the inner air duct is not only used to supply air into the combustion chamber, but also to preheat the air for better combustion, which returns the heat energy in the absorbed combustion chamber to the combustion chamber, effectively reducing the furnace body. The heat is dissipated outwards. At the same time, under the cooling effect of the outer air passage, there is no need to provide an insulation layer on the outside of the furnace or only a thin insulation layer is needed, which can save a lot of heat preservation material of the furnace body. The device can burn coal powder, coal, biomass fuel, etc., and can provide high temperature flue gas to the subsequent heat exchanger.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer wall, the middle wall and the inner wall are coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a spiral baffle is arranged between the middle wall and the inner wall, and the tuyere of the main inlet fan is connected to the upper part of the inner duct. . The air supplied into the combustion chamber enters spirally, the air flow is long, and the air can be fully preheated, and the temperature of the air supplied into the combustion chamber gradually rises from the top to the bottom, so that the temperature of the air sprayed to the combustion tray is the highest, and the combustion effect is better. .

The further improvement is that the spiral baffle is a multi-head or single-head spiral plate, and each spiral baffle is connected to a main inlet fan. It can select different combustion air inlets according to different combustion load and fuel type. Different combustion air inlets can use different wind pressure, flow and oxygen supply, so that the device can choose to use a variety of different combustion modes. .

In order to further ensure sufficient combustion, a plurality of heat dissipating fins are disposed outside the inner wall. The setting of the heat-generating fins can more fully preheat the air to achieve a good combustion effect.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the inlet nozzle has at least two layers in the height direction of the combustion chamber, and at least one of the inlet nozzles has a blowing axis facing the combustion tray, and at the same time, at least one inlet nozzle. The air-jet axis is vortex-distributed, and the air-injection nozzle in which the air-jet axis is vortex-distributed is entirely located above the air-injection nozzle of the air-jet axis toward the combustion tray. During its operation, a part of the airflow is directly blown to the combustion tray to support the initial combustion, and the other part forms a swirling airflow to ensure that the hot flue gas has a longer residence time in the combustion chamber, so that the incompletely combusted material in the flue gas can be fully Combustion, on the one hand, reduces emissions, on the other hand, it can make full use of heat.

In order to achieve a good combustion effect, in the height direction of the combustion chamber, the ratio of the height occupied by the air inlet nozzle in which the air-jet axis is vortex-distributed to the height of the air-jet nozzle toward the combustion tray is (1). : 1) ~ (3: 1). This solution takes into account the ratio of the initial combustion air to the full combustion air, making the combustion more thorough.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the spiral baffle is a two-headed spiral plate, and the two spiral plates divide the inner air passage into two mutually isolated spiral flow paths, wherein one spiral flow path only turns on the spray axis and vortex A swirling inlet blow nozzle, the other spiral runner only turns on the blower axis toward the inlet nozzle of the combustion tray. The scheme makes the temperature of the air blown to the combustion tray the highest, and the temperature of the air forming the swirling airflow is relatively low, the two are isolated from each other, and the air is independently supplied to make the pressure of the two air flows. The force and flow rate can be different, so that the combustion is sufficient and the heat utilization efficiency is high.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the wind direction of the upper end of the outer air passage to the combustion chamber position is toward the center of the combustion chamber and is inclined downward. The air blown into the combustion chamber through the outer air passage can form a wind curtain, delaying the time that the swirling airflow leaves the combustion chamber, and ensuring more complete combustion.

As a modification of the present invention, the slagging device includes a slag discharge pipe disposed outside the combustion tray, and the bottom of the slag discharge pipe is connected with a discharge mechanism; the upper side of the slag discharge pipe is provided with a driven gear, and the driven gear is rotatably Installed on the outer side of the combustion tray, the driven gear is provided with a slag hole corresponding to the slag discharge pipe, and the lower side of the driven gear is provided with a scraper plate, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear driven by the motor. During operation, the driving gear drives the large gear to rotate, and the slag overflowing from the combustion tray falls from the falling slag hole, is scraped by the scraping plate into the slag discharging pipe, and is discharged through the discharging mechanism.

In order to ensure reliable use, an ignition burner and a combustion-supporting burner are connected to the combustion chamber.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the side wall of the combustion chamber.

Among them, 1 flue gas outlet pipe, 2 air curtain air outlet, 3 main inlet fan one, 4 combustion burner, 5 combustion chamber, 6 combustion tray, 7 downwind chamber, 8 air curtain fan, 9 feed hopper, 10 horizontal supply Material device, 11 discharge mechanism, 12 vertical feeding device, 13 slag discharge pipe, 14 lower inlet fan, 15 slag hole, 16 driven gear, 17 drive gear, 18 ignition burner, 19 spray axis toward the combustion tray Inlet air nozzle, 20 air injection axis is vortex distributed air inlet nozzle, 21 outer wall, 22

main inlet fan

2, 23 middle wall, 24 inner wall, 25 spiral baffle, 26 heat dissipating fin, 27 spiral flow path , 28 spiral flow path II.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, there is a combustion flue gas supply device comprising a furnace body, a combustion chamber 5 is arranged in the furnace body, a flue gas outlet pipe 1 is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber 5, and combustion is provided in the combustion chamber 5 The tray 6 is provided with a lower air chamber 7 on the lower side of the combustion tray 6. The combustion tray 6 is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes for connecting the lower air chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 5, and the lower air chamber 7 is connected with a lower inlet fan 14; The vertical feeding device 12, the inlet of the vertical feeding device 12 is connected to the outlet of the horizontal feeding device 10, the horizontal feeding device 10 is connected to the feeding hopper 9, and the outlet lower air chamber 7 of the vertical feeding device 12 is connected to the combustion tray 6. The combustion chamber 5 is formed by an outer wall 21, a middle wall 23 and an inner wall 24, and a plurality of heat dissipating fins 26 are disposed outside the inner wall 24, and an inner air duct connection between the inner wall 24 and the middle wall 23 is provided. a main inlet fan, the inner wall 24 is provided with a plurality of inlet air nozzles for connecting the inner layer air duct and the combustion chamber 5, and an outer air passage between the outer wall 21 and the middle wall 23 is connected to the air curtain fan 8, the air curtain fan The inlet of 8 is disposed at the lower part of the outer air passage, and the upper end of the outer air passage is connected to the top of the combustion chamber 5 through the air curtain outlet 2, and the air curtain outlet 2 The air outlet direction faces the center of the combustion chamber 5 and is inclined downward; a slagging device is provided corresponding to the combustion tray 6. Said outside The wall 21, the middle wall 23 and the inner wall 24 are coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a spiral baffle 25 is disposed between the middle wall 23 and the inner wall 24, and the tuyere of the main inlet fan is connected to the upper portion of the inner duct. The spiral baffle 25 is a multi-head or single-head spiral plate, and each spiral baffle is connected to a main inlet fan. The inlet nozzle has at least two layers in the height direction of the combustion chamber 5, and at least one of the inlet nozzles has a blowing axis toward the combustion tray 6, and at least one of the inlet nozzles has a swirling axis. The air inlet nozzle 20 whose vortex is distributed in the blast axis is located above the air inlet nozzle 19 of the combustion tray. In this embodiment, two different inlet nozzles are respectively provided with three layers, and the spiral damper 25 is provided. For the two spiral plates, the two spiral plates divide the inner air passage into two mutually isolated spiral flow passages, which are a spiral flow passage 27 and a spiral flow passage 28, respectively, and the spiral flow passage 27 is supplied by the main inlet fan 3 The wind, the spiral flow channel 28 is supplied by the main inlet fan 22, and the spiral flow channel 27 is only connected to the inlet nozzle 20 which is vortex-distributed on the jet axis, and the spiral flow channel 28 is only connected to the combustion axis toward the combustion. The air inlet nozzle 19 of the tray. In the height direction of the combustion chamber 5, the ratio of the height occupied by the air inlet nozzle 20 in which the air jet axis is vortexed and the height of the air jet axis toward the air inlet nozzle 19 of the combustion tray is (1:1). (3:1), in this embodiment, the ratio of the two is 3:2.

The slagging device includes a slag discharge pipe 13 disposed outside the combustion tray 6, and the bottom of the slag discharge pipe 13 is connected to the discharge mechanism 11; the upper side of the slag discharge pipe 13 is provided with a driven gear 16, and the driven gear 16 is rotatably mounted On the outer side of the combustion tray 6, the driven gear 16 is provided with a slag hole 15 corresponding to the slag discharge pipe 13, and the lower side of the driven gear 16 is provided with a scraper plate, and the driven gear 16 is driven by the motor. The gears 17 mesh.

An ignition burner 18 and a combustion-supporting burner 4 are also connected to the combustion chamber 5. As a conventional design of the combustion device, various pressure display devices and temperature display devices are also provided on the device.

In operation, the material for combustion is fed into the combustion chamber 5 via the feed hopper 9, the horizontal feeder 10 and the vertical feeder 12, and the material is ignited by the ignition burner 18, and is assisted by the combustion burner 4 to burn In the chamber 5, the combustible material is ignited and burned continuously, and part of the oxygen supporting the combustion enters the combustible material from the leeward chamber 7 through the air inlet hole, and the other portion is injected into the combustion chamber 5 through the air inlet nozzle from the inner air passage through the inner layer. The air supplied into the combustion chamber 5 by the air duct enters spirally, the air flow is long, and the air is sufficiently preheated, and the temperature of the air supplied into the combustion chamber 5 is gradually increased from the top to the bottom, so that the air is sprayed toward the combustion tray 6. The highest temperature and better combustion support. During operation, a part of the airflow is directly blown to the combustion tray 6 to support the initial combustion, and the other part forms a swirling airflow, ensuring that the hot flue gas has a long residence time in the combustion chamber 5, so that the incompletely combusted matter in the flue gas It can fully burn, on the one hand, reduce emissions, on the other hand, it can make full use of heat energy. After combustion, the high-temperature flue gas rises and mixes with the cold air from the outer air passage, and the air blown into the combustion chamber 5 through the outer air passage can form a wind curtain, delaying the time that the swirling airflow leaves the combustion chamber 5, and ensuring more combustion. full. The flue gas that has not been completely burned can continue to burn after encountering the air from the outer air passage, forming more high-temperature flue gas, which is sent to the heat exchange device through the flue gas outlet pipe 1 for producing hot water or steam. When there is too much slag generated after combustion, it will overflow from the edge of the combustion tray 6, the driving gear 17 driving the large gear to rotate, the slag overflowing from the combustion tray 6 is dropped from the slag hole 15, the rotation of the driven gear 16 drives the scraping plate to rotate, and the slag is scraped into the slag discharge pipe 13 by the scraping plate, and then discharged through the discharge mechanism 11 discharge. The device is primarily used to produce hot flue gas, which changes the structure of a conventional boiler such that the combustion exotherm and the water endotherm are separated from each other. On the one hand, it reduces emissions, on the other hand, it can make full use of heat energy.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions for some of the technical features without any creative labor according to the disclosed technical content. Modifications, such substitutions and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

A combustion flue gas supply device comprises a furnace body, a combustion chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and a flue gas outlet pipe is arranged on the top of the combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion tray, and the lower side of the combustion tray is provided with a downwind chamber The combustion tray is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes for connecting the lower air chamber and the combustion chamber, and the lower air chamber is connected with a lower inlet fan; the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a vertical feeding device, and the vertical feeding device is imported and horizontally feeding device The outlet is connected, the outlet downwind chamber of the vertical feeding device and the combustion tray are connected to the combustion chamber; the side wall of the combustion chamber is composed of an outer wall, a middle wall and an inner wall, and an inner air passage between the inner wall and the middle wall is connected to the main inlet fan The inner wall is provided with a plurality of air inlet nozzles for connecting the inner layer air duct and the combustion chamber, and an outer air passage between the outer wall and the middle wall is connected with the air curtain fan, and the inlet of the air curtain fan is disposed at the outer air passage In the lower part, the upper end of the outer air passage is connected to the top of the combustion chamber, and a slagging device is arranged corresponding to the combustion tray.
A combustion flue gas supply device according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall, the middle wall and the inner wall are coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a spiral baffle plate is arranged between the middle wall and the inner wall, The tuyere of the inlet fan is connected to the upper part of the inner duct.
A combustion flue gas supply device according to claim 2, wherein the spiral baffle is a multi-head or single-head spiral plate, and each spiral baffle is connected to a main inlet fan.
A combustion flue gas supply device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of heat dissipating fins are disposed outside the inner wall.
A combustion flue gas supply device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the inlet air nozzle is provided with at least two layers in the height direction of the combustion chamber, and at least one layer of the air inlet nozzle The air-jet axis faces the combustion tray, and at least one of the air-injection nozzles has a vortex distribution, and the air-injection nozzle whose vortex is distributed is located above the air-injection nozzle of the combustion tray.
A combustion flue gas supply device according to claim 5, wherein in the height direction of the combustion chamber, the air blowing axis has a vortex-distributed air inlet nozzle as a whole occupied by the height and the air blowing axis faces the combustion tray. The ratio of the height of the inlet nozzle as a whole is (1:1) to (3:1).
A combustion flue gas supply device according to claim 5, wherein the spiral baffle is a two-headed spiral plate, and the two spiral plates divide the inner air passage into two mutually isolated spiral flow paths, wherein One spiral flow path only turns on the inlet nozzle in which the jet axis is vortexed, and the other spiral channel only turns on the inlet axis toward the inlet nozzle of the combustion tray.
A combustion flue gas supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet direction of the upper end of the outer air passage is closed toward the center of the combustion chamber and is inclined downward.
The combustion flue gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the slagging device comprises a slag discharge pipe disposed outside the combustion tray, and the bottom of the slag discharge pipe is connected with the discharge mechanism; The upper side of the slag discharge pipe is provided with a driven gear, the driven gear is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the combustion tray, the driven gear is provided with a slag hole corresponding to the slag discharge pipe, and the lower side of the driven gear is provided with scraping slag a plate, the driven gear meshes with a drive gear driven by a motor.
A combustion flue gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the combustion chamber is further connected with an ignition burner and a combustion-supporting burner.