CN110068143B - Split type hot-blast furnace - Google Patents
Split type hot-blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110068143B CN110068143B CN201910451439.9A CN201910451439A CN110068143B CN 110068143 B CN110068143 B CN 110068143B CN 201910451439 A CN201910451439 A CN 201910451439A CN 110068143 B CN110068143 B CN 110068143B
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- flue gas
- heat exchange
- air
- air inlet
- secondary combustion
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000579971 Terebridae Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/067—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/189—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
- F24H9/2092—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using solid fuel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a split type hot blast stove which comprises a combustor, a secondary combustion furnace and a smoke heat exchange device, wherein a flame nozzle of the combustor is communicated with a flame receiving port of the secondary combustion furnace, a smoke outlet of the secondary combustion furnace is communicated with a smoke inlet of the smoke heat exchange device, an air inlet interlayer is arranged in a furnace wall of the secondary combustion furnace, a blower is arranged on the furnace wall, an air outlet of the blower is communicated with an air inlet of the air inlet interlayer, and the air inlet interlayer is communicated with a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace through an air inlet. The split type hot-blast stove has the advantages of small heat loss, high heat utilization rate, full combustion of biomass particles, environmental protection, convenient adjustment of flue gas temperature, and suitability for burning of granular fuel manufactured by various forestry and agricultural biomass leftover materials without slagging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hot blast stoves, in particular to a split hot blast stove.
Background
At present, most of heat exchangers of hot blast stoves commonly used in the market are of tube array structures, high-temperature flue gas flows in the tube array, air flows outside the tube array, and heat of the high-temperature flue gas is transferred to the air through the wall of the tube array.
In the hot-blast stove of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, because the temperature difference between the flue gas in the shell-and-tube and the air outside the shell-and-tube is very large, very large temperature difference stress can be formed between heat exchange surfaces, the expansion of the heat exchange shell-and-tube and the tube plate stretch-break are easily caused, and the maintenance difficulty is high. In addition, because the heat exchange area of the tube array in unit length is small, the heat exchange efficiency is low, the volume of the tube array type hot air heat exchanger is large, the temperature of discharged tail smoke is up to more than 170 ℃, and a lot of heat energy is wasted.
Patent document CN 203464485U discloses a heat pipe type biomass hot blast stove, which mainly comprises a combustion chamber and a heat exchange chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is communicated with the heat exchange chamber through a flue, the combustion chamber comprises a first hearth and a second hearth which are communicated with each other, a middle partition plate is arranged in the heat exchange chamber, and a plurality of heat pipes are arranged on the middle partition plate. The hot blast stove adopts the heat pipe as a heat exchange element, so that the problems of easy expansion and tube plate pulling crack of a tube type heat exchanger are solved to a certain extent; and this hot-blast furnace has prolonged the length of flue through setting up the second furnace, and living beings granule burns more fully.
However, the above-described stoves also suffer from the following major disadvantages: the normal-temperature air fed into the first hearth is not preheated, the temperature is low, particularly in the north of autumn and winter, the air temperature is lower than zero, the combustion efficiency of biomass particles is relatively low, and the combustion is not very sufficient; still, a lot of unburnt particles and sparks enter the flue gas heat exchange chamber; the uniform wind effect of the second hearth is not great, the temperature difference of the flue gas entering each part of the flue gas channel at the lower end of the heat pipe is large, and the service life of the heat pipe with high temperature can be influenced. The temperature of the flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber, the temperature of the tail flue gas discharged and the temperature of the clean air discharged from the exhaust chamber are not regulated and controlled, so that the flue gas temperature is not conveniently regulated and controlled in the safe working temperature range of the heat pipe, and the temperature of the clean hot air discharged is not conveniently regulated and controlled according to the use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a split type hot blast stove, which at least solves the problems of insufficient biomass particle combustion of the hot blast stove, large flue gas temperature difference of all parts entering a flue gas channel at the lower end of a heat pipe and large heat loss of a secondary combustion furnace in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a split type hot blast stove, which comprises a burner, a secondary combustion furnace and a flue gas heat exchange device, wherein a flame nozzle of the burner is communicated with a flame receiving port of the secondary combustion furnace, a flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion furnace is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the flue gas heat exchange device, an air inlet interlayer is arranged in a furnace wall of the secondary combustion furnace, an air inlet of the air inlet interlayer is communicated with an air outlet of a blower, and the air inlet interlayer is communicated with a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace through an air inlet.
Further, the air intake includes: the first air inlet is arranged close to the upper edge of the flame receiving port; the second air inlet is arranged close to the lower edge of the flame receiving port; the third air inlet is arranged on the furnace wall of one side of the secondary combustion furnace, which is opposite to the flame nozzle; the first air inlet, the second air inlet and the third air inlet are communicated with the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace and the air inlet interlayer.
Further, a slag discharging auger is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace, a rotating shaft of the slag discharging auger is a hollow shaft, a plurality of through holes are formed in the rotating shaft, the inner cavity of the rotating shaft is communicated with the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace through the through holes, and one end of the rotating shaft extending out of the secondary combustion furnace is connected with an air supply device.
Further, a hollow auger shell is arranged on the periphery of the slag discharging auger, the upper side of the hollow auger shell is connected with the bottom of the secondary combustion furnace through a connecting flange, a ventilation slot hole is formed in the connecting flange, the hollow auger shell and the air inlet interlayer are mutually communicated through the ventilation slot hole, and one end of the hollow auger shell is connected with an air supply device for supplying air into the inner cavity of the hollow auger shell.
Further, the flame nozzle of the burner is spaced from the periphery of the flame receiving opening of the secondary combustion furnace, so that an air supplementing opening for air to enter is formed.
Further, the flue gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace, a uniform air channel is formed between the secondary combustion furnace and the flue gas heat exchange device at intervals, the flue gas outlet is communicated with the upper end of the uniform air channel, and the flue gas inlet is communicated with the lower end of the uniform air channel.
Further, a plurality of upper smoke air homogenizing plates are arranged at the smoke outlet, and a plurality of lower smoke air homogenizing plates are arranged at the smoke inlet.
Further, the flue gas outlet is provided with a plurality of upper flue gas air homogenizing plates with uniformly distributed and staggered through holes, the flue gas inlet is provided with a plurality of lower flue gas air homogenizing plates with uniformly distributed and staggered through holes, and the through holes can be round, long waist holes or other shapes.
Further, a heat insulating layer is arranged on the furnace wall at the outer side of the air inlet interlayer.
Further, the flue gas heat exchange device comprises a heat pipe heat exchange chamber, an intermediate baffle is arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange chamber along the horizontal direction, the intermediate baffle divides the inner cavity of the heat pipe heat exchange chamber into a flue gas heat exchange chamber at the lower part and a clean air heat exchange chamber at the upper part, a plurality of heat pipes are arranged on the intermediate baffle along the vertical direction, the lower ends of the heat pipes extend into the flue gas heat exchange chamber, the upper ends of the heat pipes extend into the clean air heat exchange chamber, one end of the flue gas heat exchange chamber is communicated with a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace through a flue gas inlet, the other end of the flue gas heat exchange chamber is connected with a flue gas pumping fan through a flue gas air pipe, the clean air heat exchange chamber is provided with a clean air inlet at one end close to an air outlet of the flue gas heat exchange chamber, and the other end of the clean air heat exchange chamber is provided with a clean hot air outlet.
Further, two flue gas heat exchange cavities are arranged side by side, the two flue gas heat exchange cavities are separated by a vertical flue gas partition plate, and the two flue gas heat exchange cavities are mutually communicated at the end parts to form a U-shaped flue gas channel; the two clean air heat exchange cavities are arranged side by side and are separated by a vertical clean air partition plate, and the two clean air heat exchange cavities are mutually communicated at the end parts to form a U-shaped clean air channel.
Further, the split type hot blast stove further comprises a temperature-adjusting and electric control device, and the temperature-adjusting and electric control device comprises: the flue gas temperature measurement probe is arranged at the position, close to the flue gas inlet, of the flue gas heat exchange cavity and is used for detecting the temperature of flue gas entering the flue gas heat exchange cavity from the secondary combustion furnace; the clean air temperature measurement probe is arranged at the position, close to the clean hot air outlet, of the clean air heat exchange cavity and is used for detecting the temperature of the clean hot air subjected to heat exchange; the tail smoke temperature measuring probe is arranged at the position, close to a tail smoke outlet or a tail smoke pipe, of the smoke heat exchange cavity and is used for detecting the temperature of discharged tail smoke; the flue gas temperature measuring probe, the clean air temperature measuring probe, the tail flue gas temperature measuring probe, the blower, the smoke exhausting fan, the slag discharging auger and the combustor are all connected with the temperature-adjusting controller.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the air inlet interlayer is arranged in the furnace wall of the secondary combustion furnace, the air inlet of the air inlet interlayer is communicated with the air outlet of the air feeder, and the air inlet interlayer is communicated with the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace through the air inlet. When the split hot blast stove is used, normal-temperature air is fed into the air inlet interlayer through the air feeder, flows in the air inlet interlayer and enters the hearth through the air inlet to be mixed with smoke; on one hand, as the temperature in the hearth is higher, the normal-temperature air can cool the hearth when passing through the air inlet interlayer, so that heat is reduced to be transferred to the outer side of the furnace wall, the temperature of the outer side of the furnace wall is reduced to a safe temperature, and meanwhile, the air is preheated; the preheated air enters a secondary combustion furnace to supplement oxygen so as to fully burn unburned smoke dust, the temperature of the air entering a hearth is relatively low, and the temperature of high-temperature smoke can be reduced; on the other hand, the air quantity of the smoke exhaust fan is regulated, so that the normal temperature air flow which is supplemented from the air supplementing port between the flame nozzle of the burner and the flame receiving port of the secondary combustion furnace can be regulated, the temperature of smoke entering the smoke heat exchange device is regulated and controlled within the safe working temperature range of the heat pipe, and the temperature of tail smoke is controlled within 70 ℃. The split type hot-blast stove has the advantages of small heat loss, high heat utilization rate, full combustion of biomass particles and convenience in adjusting the temperature of flue gas.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a split type hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a secondary combustion stove of a split stove according to an embodiment of the invention, taken along the A-A plane in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a slag discharging auger and a hollow auger shell in the split hot blast stove according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a slag discharging auger and a hollow auger housing in a split hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic left-view structural diagram of a slag discharging auger and a hollow auger shell in the split-type hot blast stove according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a right-side view structure schematic diagram of a slag discharging auger and a hollow auger shell in the split-type hot blast stove according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a hollow auger housing in a split-type hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a hollow auger housing in a split-type hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a U-shaped flue gas channel in the split type hot blast stove according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic and schematic diagram of a U-shaped clean air channel in a split-type hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a split type hot blast stove according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a split stove according to a further embodiment of the invention.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a combustion machine; 11. a flame nozzle; 12. a temperature control controller; 20. a secondary combustion furnace; 21. flame receiving ports; 22. a flue gas outlet; 23. a furnace wall; 24. an air inlet interlayer; 25. a blower; 26. slag discharging auger; 27. air supplementing port; 28. a hollow auger housing; 29. a connecting flange; 30. a flue gas heat exchange device; 31. a flue gas inlet; 40. a wind homogenizing channel; 50. a flue gas temperature measurement probe; 60. clean air temperature measurement probe; 70. a smoke exhausting fan; 80. a flue gas duct; 90. a cyclone dust collector; 221. feeding a smoke uniform air plate; 241. a first air inlet; 242. a second air inlet; 243. a third air inlet; 261. a rotating shaft; 291. a ventilation slot; 311. a smoke homogenizing plate is arranged; 321. a middle partition plate; 322. a flue gas heat exchange cavity; 323. a clean air heat exchange cavity; 324. a heat pipe; 325. a clean air inlet; 326. a clean hot air outlet; 327. a vertical flue gas separator; 328. a vertical clean air baffle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to facilitate distinguishing between corresponding features. Also, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate a relative positional relationship, which changes accordingly when the absolute position of the object to be described changes.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a split type hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present invention is mainly used for burning biomass particles, recovering heat of flue gas generated by the burning, and forming clean hot air for drying materials (such as grains) or hot air for industrial and domestic use.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 8, the split-type hot blast stove mainly comprises a burner 10, a secondary combustion furnace 20 and a flue gas heat exchange device 30. Wherein the flame nozzle 11 of the burner 10 is communicated with the flame receiving port 21 of the secondary combustion furnace 20, and the flue gas outlet 22 of the secondary combustion furnace 20 is communicated with the flue gas inlet 31 of the flue gas heat exchange device 30. An air inlet interlayer 24 is arranged in a furnace wall 23 of the secondary combustion furnace 20, a blower 25 is arranged on the furnace wall 23, an air outlet of the blower 25 is communicated with an air inlet of the air inlet interlayer 24, and the air inlet interlayer 24 is communicated with a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace 20 through the air inlet.
In the split type hot blast stove, normal-temperature air is fed into the air inlet interlayer 24 through the air feeder 25, flows in the air inlet interlayer 24, and enters the hearth through the air inlet to be mixed with flue gas. By the arrangement, on one hand, the temperature in the hearth is higher, normal-temperature air can cool the hearth when passing through the air inlet interlayer 24, heat is reduced to be transmitted to the outer side of the furnace wall 23, the temperature of the outer side of the furnace wall 23 is reduced to a safe temperature, and meanwhile, the air is preheated; on the other hand, the preheated air enters the secondary combustion furnace 20 to supplement oxygen so as to fully burn unburned smoke dust, the temperature of the air entering the hearth is relatively low, the temperature of high-temperature smoke can be reduced, and the temperature of the smoke entering the smoke heat exchange device 30 can be within the working temperature range of the heat pipe by adjusting the air quantity of the air feeder 25. The split type hot-blast stove has the advantages of small heat loss, high heat utilization rate, full combustion of biomass particles and convenience in adjusting the temperature of flue gas.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the air inlets include a first air inlet 241, a second air inlet 242, and a third air inlet 243. Wherein, the first air inlet 241 is arranged near the upper edge of the flame receiving port 21; the second air inlet 242 is arranged near the lower edge of the flame receiving port 21; the third air inlet 243 is arranged on the furnace wall 23 of one side of the secondary combustion furnace 20 opposite to the flame nozzle 11; and, the first air inlet 241, the second air inlet 242 and the third air inlet 243 all communicate the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace 20 with the air inlet interlayer 24. Through the air inlet 241 at the upside of flame nozzle 11, the downside of second air inlet 242 at flame nozzle 11 and the air inlet 243 lets in simultaneously at the opposite of flame nozzle 11, makes air and flue gas mix more evenly, makes the living beings granule burning in the flue gas more abundant, also makes flue gas temperature more even.
Further, referring to fig. 1 to 8, in the present embodiment, a slag discharging auger 26 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the furnace chamber of the secondary combustion furnace 20, and the slag discharging auger 26 is mainly used for discharging slag deposited at the bottom of the secondary combustion furnace 20. The rotating shaft 261 of the slag discharging auger 26 is a hollow shaft, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the rotating shaft 261, the through holes are used for communicating the inner cavity of the rotating shaft 261 with the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace 20, and one end of the rotating shaft 261 extending out of the secondary combustion furnace 20 is connected with an air supply device (not shown in the figure). Air is introduced into the inner cavity of the rotary shaft 261 through the air supply device. The periphery of the slag discharging auger 26 is a hollow auger shell 28, the upper side of the hollow auger shell 28 is connected with the bottom of the secondary combustion furnace 20 through a connecting flange 29, a ventilation slot 291 is formed in the connecting flange 29, the hollow auger shell 28 and the air inlet interlayer 24 are mutually communicated through the ventilation slot 291, and one end of the hollow auger shell 28 is connected with an air supply device for supplying air into the inner cavity of the hollow auger shell 28. Air is introduced into the inner cavity of the hollow auger housing 28 through the air supply device, and the air is preheated and then sent into the hearth. The slag discharging auger 26 is arranged on the hollow auger shell 28 through a bearing, the slag discharging auger 26 is driven to rotate through a speed reducer and a chain wheel transmission mechanism, and the end part of the slag discharging auger 26 is connected with an air inlet hose. By the arrangement, the waste heat accumulated above the slag discharging auger 26 and burnt by unburned slag can be fully utilized, the temperature of the slag discharging auger 26 and the hollow auger shell 28 can be reduced, air can be supplemented to the hearth, and the full combustion of biomass small particles is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a supplementary air port 27 into which air is introduced is formed by spacing between the flame nozzle 11 of the burner and the periphery of the flame receiving port 21 of the secondary combustion furnace 20. Air can be fed into the hearth from the air supply port 27 to supplement oxygen required by material combustion in the hearth, and the temperature of flue gas in the hearth is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the flue gas outlet 22 is disposed at an upper portion of the furnace chamber of the secondary combustion furnace 20, a uniform air channel 40 is formed between the secondary combustion furnace 20 and the flue gas heat exchange device 30 at intervals, the flue gas outlet 22 is communicated with an upper end of the uniform air channel 40, and the flue gas inlet 31 of the flue gas heat exchange device 30 is communicated with a lower end of the uniform air channel 40. So set up, the flue gas after the mixed combustion in the furnace of secondary combustion furnace 20 gets into even wind passageway 40 through flue gas export 22, and in the flue gas heat transfer device 30 was got into through flue gas entry 31 down along even wind passageway 40, through above-mentioned structure setting, can make the flue gas more even, and descends to the temperature range that adapts to flue gas heat transfer device 30 work.
In order to further improve the uniformity of the flue gas, referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a plurality of upper flue gas uniformity plates 221 are installed at the flue gas outlet 22, and a plurality of lower flue gas uniformity plates 311 are installed at the flue gas inlet 31. The plurality of upper smoke uniform air plates 221 are arranged obliquely downwards in parallel along the advancing direction of the smoke; the plurality of lower flue gas homogenizing plates 311 are arranged obliquely downwards in parallel along the advancing direction of the flue gas. When the flue gas passes through the upper flue gas uniform air plate 221 or the lower flue gas uniform air plate 311, the flue gas passes through the adjacent uniform air plates, so that the flue gas is more uniform. Further, the flue gas outlet 22 is provided with a plurality of upper flue gas uniform air plates 221 with uniformly distributed and staggered through holes, the flue gas inlet 31 is provided with a plurality of lower flue gas uniform air plates 311 with uniformly distributed and staggered through holes, and the through holes can be round, long waist-shaped or other shapes.
To further reduce heat loss, lower the temperature outside the furnace wall 23 and improve the safety of the apparatus in use, in this embodiment, a heat insulating layer (not shown) is further provided on the furnace wall 23, which is provided outside the air intake interlayer 24. By combining the heat insulating layer with the air inlet interlayer 24, the heat loss of the secondary combustion furnace 20 is greatly reduced, the heat utilization rate is improved, and the use safety of the secondary combustion furnace 20 is improved. Specifically, an inner separator and an outer separator may be provided on the outer side of the air intake interlayer 24, and heat insulating cotton may be provided between the inner separator and the outer separator, thus forming a heat insulating layer.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the flue gas heat exchange device 30 includes a heat pipe heat exchange chamber, and an intermediate partition plate 321 is disposed in the heat pipe heat exchange chamber along a horizontal direction, and the intermediate partition plate 321 divides an inner cavity of the heat pipe heat exchange chamber into a flue gas heat exchange cavity 322 located at a lower portion and a clean air heat exchange cavity 323 located at an upper portion; a plurality of heat pipes 324 are installed on the middle partition 321 along the vertical direction, the lower ends of the heat pipes 324 extend into the flue gas heat exchange cavity 322, and the upper ends of the heat pipes 324 extend into the clean air heat exchange cavity 323. One end of the flue gas heat exchange cavity 322 is communicated with the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace 20 through the flue gas inlet 31; the other end of the flue gas heat exchange chamber 322 is connected to a flue gas blower 70 via a flue gas duct 80.
In the above-mentioned flue gas heat exchange device 30, a clean air heat exchange cavity 323 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange chamber of the heat pipe, a flue gas heat exchange cavity 322 is arranged at the lower part of the heat exchange chamber of the heat pipe, and a plurality of heat pipes 324 are arranged on a middle partition 321; the medium-temperature flue gas enters the flue gas heat exchange cavity 322 to heat and freely deform the lower part of the heat pipe 324, the working medium (working liquid) in the heat pipe 324 absorbs heat and rapidly flows to the upper end of the heat pipe 324 (in the clean air heat exchange cavity 323) after being evaporated, the normal-temperature clean air is heated by utilizing the latent heat of the working medium steam to generate clean hot air, and the steam falls into the lower part of the heat pipe 324 after being condensed and circulates continuously. By adopting the heat pipe 324 to exchange heat, the problems that the prior tube-in-tube heat exchanger is easy to cause high-temperature expansion of the heat exchange tube and the tube plate is pulled apart and has great maintenance difficulty are solved.
Further, referring to fig. 1, a clean air inlet 325 is provided at one end of the clean air heat exchange cavity 323 near the air outlet of the flue gas heat exchange cavity 322, and a clean hot air outlet 326 is provided at the other end of the clean air heat exchange cavity 323. In this way, the flue gas flows in opposition to the clean air. Because the temperature of the inner tube 324 in the smoke heat exchange cavity 322 gradually decreases along the advancing direction of the smoke, the arrangement can fully utilize the heat, reduce the temperature of the tail smoke and reduce the heat loss.
In order to remove dust in the low-temperature tail gas after heat exchange, in the embodiment, the split type hot blast stove further comprises a cyclone dust collector 90, and an air inlet of the cyclone dust collector 90 is connected with an outlet end of the flue gas air pipe 80 and is used for removing dust from the low-temperature tail gas after heat exchange; a bag-type dust collector (not shown) is further connected to the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 90, so that fine dust is further settled, the environment-friendly requirement is met, and the dust is discharged into the atmosphere.
Specifically, the burner 10 used in the present invention may employ an existing general biomass pellet burner or an anti-slagging biomass pellet burner. The common biomass particle burner ejects high-temperature flue gas and flame to entrain a small amount of unburnt biomass particles. Only wood particles can be used, but rice hull particles, straw particles, bamboo particles and bagasse particles can form slag to block the hearth. The biomass particle burner for preventing slag bonding ejects high-temperature smoke and flame, and simultaneously discharges basically burnt slag, thereby being applicable to particle fuels manufactured by various forestry and agricultural biomass leftover materials.
Example 2
In another embodiment of the split-type stove according to the present invention, the stove of this embodiment has the same main structure as that of embodiment 1, with the main difference that the flue gas heat exchange chamber 322 and the clean air heat exchange chamber 323 have different structures. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in this embodiment, for convenience in transportation, the overall length of the apparatus is reduced, two flue gas heat exchange cavities 322 of the split type hot blast stove are provided, the two flue gas heat exchange cavities 322 are arranged side by side, the two flue gas heat exchange cavities 322 are separated by a vertical flue gas partition 327, and the two flue gas heat exchange cavities 322 are mutually communicated at the end parts to form a U-shaped flue gas channel; the two clean air heat exchange cavities 323 are also two, the two clean air heat exchange cavities 323 are arranged side by side, the two clean air heat exchange cavities 323 are separated by a vertical clean air baffle 328, and the two clean air heat exchange cavities 323 are mutually communicated at the end parts to form a U-shaped clean air channel.
So configured, the length of the flue gas heat exchange device 30 can be shortened by increasing the width of the flue gas heat exchange device 30, and the flue gas heat exchange device 30 can be used in occasions with special requirements on the field length (such as the need for container transportation).
Example 3
In another embodiment of the split type hot blast stove of the present invention, the main structure of the hot blast stove is the same as that of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and compared with embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, the split type hot blast stove of the present embodiment is mainly different in that a temperature-adjusting electric control device is added.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to more conveniently regulate the flue gas temperature and the clean hot air temperature, the split type hot blast stove further comprises a temperature-adjusting and electric control device, which comprises a flue gas temperature measuring probe 50, a clean air temperature measuring probe 60, a tail flue gas temperature measuring probe (not shown in the figure) and a temperature adjusting controller 12. The flue gas temperature measurement probe 50 is installed at the flue gas inlet 31 of the flue gas heat exchange cavity 322 and is used for detecting the temperature of flue gas entering the flue gas heat exchange cavity 322 from the secondary combustion furnace 20; the clean air temperature measurement probe 60 is installed at the position of the clean air heat exchange cavity 323, which is close to the clean hot air outlet 326, and is used for detecting the temperature of the clean hot air after heat exchange; the tail smoke temperature measuring probe is arranged at the position, close to a tail smoke outlet or a tail smoke pipe, of the smoke heat exchange cavity 322 and is used for detecting the temperature of discharged tail smoke; the flue gas temperature measurement probe 50, the clean air temperature measurement probe 60, the blower 25, the slag discharging auger 26, the burner 10, the smoke exhausting fan 70 and the tail smoke temperature measurement probe are all connected with the temperature controller 12.
When in use, the upper limit temperature and the lower limit temperature of the clean air are set and output, and the upper limit temperature of the flue gas is set, and when the temperature of the clean air at the clean hot air outlet 326 is increased to be close to the upper limit temperature, the fuel feeding is reduced or stopped; when the clean air temperature is reduced to be close to the lower limit temperature, the fuel feeding is increased by adjusting the feeding amount of the burner 10, so that the clean air temperature is stabilized to be plus or minus 3 ℃ of a set value; when the temperature of the flue gas approaches the upper limit temperature, the fuel feeding is reduced or stopped, and meanwhile, the air quantity of the smoke exhaust fan 70 is increased, the air quantity of normal-temperature air is increased, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced. Slag which is not completely combusted in the combustor 10 falls on the slag discharging auger 26, is continuously combusted after being accumulated, exerts waste heat, is adjusted in a linkage way through the temperature-adjusting controller 12, and is discharged intermittently. The thermostat controller 12 may employ a PLC.
Application finds that after the split type hot blast stove is treated by the secondary combustion furnace 20, high-temperature flame and smoke which are input by the burner 10 and are higher than 1000 ℃ can be uniformly reduced to the safe use temperature of the medium-temperature heat pipe 324, so that the safe, efficient and long-term operation of the heat pipe 324 is ensured; the unburned slag and the small-particle fuel can be continuously and completely combusted in the secondary combustion furnace 20, the waste heat is exerted, and the conversion rate of the fuel is improved; the low-temperature tail smoke output from the smoke heat exchange device 30 is free of sparks and the temperature is lower than 70 ℃, so that the safety and the economical efficiency of tail smoke emission are improved; the temperature of the outer surface of the furnace wall 23 of the secondary combustion furnace 20 can be controlled within safe temperature, so that the secondary combustion furnace is safer and saves energy; the heat exchange efficiency of the split hot blast stove can reach more than 90%.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 11, another embodiment of the split stove of the present invention has the same main structure as embodiment 3, with the main difference that the clean hot air outlet 326 is different. In this embodiment, the clean hot air outlet 326 is enlarged, and a part of the clean hot air outlet 326 is located above the secondary combustion furnace 20. Thus, the output of hot air can be increased, and the hot air stove is suitable for a large-scale hot air stove. In fig. 11, the structure of the rear end portion of the flue gas heat exchange chamber 322 and the blower 25 are not shown.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 12, another embodiment of the split type hot blast stove of the present invention has the same main structure as that of embodiment 4, with the main difference that the upper flue gas air homogenizing plate 221 has a structure in which a plurality of rows of through holes are opened in a baffle plate, and the top plate of the secondary combustion furnace 20, the partition plate between the secondary combustion furnace 20 and the air homogenizing passage 40, and the partition plate between the clean hot air outlet 326 and the air homogenizing passage 40 are provided as refractory laminate plates. The hot blast stove of the embodiment can increase the output of hot blast, is suitable for large-scale hot blast stoves, and has better fire resistance.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The split type hot blast stove comprises a burner (10), a secondary combustion furnace (20) and a flue gas heat exchange device (30), wherein a flame nozzle (11) of the burner (10) is communicated with a flame receiving port (21) of the secondary combustion furnace (20), a flue gas outlet (22) of the secondary combustion furnace (20) is communicated with a flue gas inlet (31) of the flue gas heat exchange device (30), and is characterized in that,
an air inlet interlayer (24) is arranged in a furnace wall (23) of the secondary combustion furnace (20), an air inlet of the air inlet interlayer (24) is communicated with an air outlet of a blower (25), and the air inlet interlayer (24) is communicated with a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace (20) through the air inlet;
the air intake includes:
a first air inlet (241), wherein the first air inlet (241) is arranged close to the upper edge of the flame receiving port (21);
a second air inlet (242), wherein the second air inlet (242) is arranged close to the lower edge of the flame receiving port (21);
a third air inlet (243), wherein the third air inlet (243) is arranged on a side furnace wall (23) of the secondary combustion furnace (20) opposite to the flame nozzle (11);
the first air inlet (241), the second air inlet (242) and the third air inlet (243) are used for communicating the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace (20) with the air inlet interlayer (24);
a slag discharging auger (26) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace (20), a rotating shaft (261) of the slag discharging auger (26) is a hollow shaft, a plurality of through holes are formed in the rotating shaft (261), the through holes are used for communicating an inner cavity of the rotating shaft (261) with the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace (20), and one end, extending out of the secondary combustion furnace (20), of the rotating shaft (261) is connected with an air supply device;
the periphery of the slag discharging auger (26) is provided with a hollow auger shell (28), the upper side of the hollow auger shell (28) is connected with the bottom of the secondary combustion furnace (20) through a connecting flange (29), a ventilation slot hole (291) is formed in the connecting flange (29), the hollow auger shell (28) and the air inlet interlayer (24) are mutually communicated through the ventilation slot hole (291), and one end of the hollow auger shell (28) is connected with an air supply device for supplying air into the inner cavity of the hollow auger shell (28);
the flue gas heat exchange device (30) comprises a heat pipe heat exchange chamber, a middle partition plate (321) is arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange chamber along the horizontal direction, the middle partition plate (321) divides the inner cavity of the heat pipe heat exchange chamber into a flue gas heat exchange cavity (322) at the lower part and a clean air heat exchange cavity (323) at the upper part, a plurality of heat pipes (324) are arranged on the middle partition plate (321) along the vertical direction, the lower ends of the heat pipes (324) extend into the flue gas heat exchange cavity (322), the upper ends of the heat pipes (324) extend into the clean air heat exchange cavity (323), one end of the flue gas heat exchange cavity (322) is communicated with a hearth of the secondary combustion furnace (20) through a flue gas inlet (31), the other end of the flue gas heat exchange cavity (322) is connected with a flue gas exhausting fan (70) through a flue gas air pipe (80), the clean air heat exchange cavity (323) is provided with a clean air inlet (325) at one end of an air outlet close to the flue gas heat exchange cavity (322), and the other end of the clean air heat exchange cavity (323) is provided with a clean air outlet (326).
2. A split stove according to claim 1, characterised in that the flame nozzle (11) is spaced from the periphery of the flame receiving opening (21) to form an air supply opening (27) into which air enters.
3. The split type hot blast stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the flue gas outlet (22) is arranged at the upper part of the hearth of the secondary combustion furnace (20), a uniform air channel (40) is formed between the secondary combustion furnace (20) and the flue gas heat exchange device (30) at intervals, the flue gas outlet (22) is communicated with the upper end of the uniform air channel (40), and the flue gas inlet (31) is communicated with the lower end of the uniform air channel (40).
4. A split hot-blast stove according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of upper flue gas homogenizers (221) are mounted at the flue gas outlet (22), and a plurality of lower flue gas homogenizers (311) are mounted at the flue gas inlet (31); and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the furnace wall (23) at the outer side of the air inlet interlayer (24).
5. The split type hot blast stove according to claim 1, wherein two flue gas heat exchange cavities (322) are provided, the two flue gas heat exchange cavities (322) are arranged side by side, the two flue gas heat exchange cavities (322) are separated by a vertical flue gas partition plate (327), and the two flue gas heat exchange cavities (322) are mutually communicated at the end parts to form a U-shaped flue gas channel; the two clean air heat exchange cavities (323) are arranged side by side, the two clean air heat exchange cavities (323) are separated by a vertical clean air baffle plate (328), and the two clean air heat exchange cavities (323) are mutually communicated at the end parts to form a U-shaped clean air channel.
6. The split stove according to claim 1, further comprising a thermostat control device, the thermostat control device comprising:
the flue gas temperature measurement probe (50) is arranged at the position, close to the flue gas inlet (31), of the flue gas heat exchange cavity (322) and is used for detecting the temperature of flue gas entering the flue gas heat exchange cavity (322) from the secondary combustion furnace (20);
a clean air temperature measurement probe (60) which is arranged at the position of the clean air heat exchange cavity (323) close to the clean hot air outlet (326) and is used for detecting the temperature of the clean hot air after heat exchange;
the tail smoke temperature measuring probe is arranged at a position, close to a tail smoke outlet or a tail smoke pipe, of the smoke heat exchange cavity (322) and is used for detecting the temperature of discharged tail smoke;
the temperature-adjusting controller (12), the flue gas temperature-measuring probe (50), the clean air temperature-measuring probe (60), the blower (25), the burner (10), the smoke exhausting fan (70) and the tail smoke temperature-measuring probe are all connected with the temperature-adjusting controller (12).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910451439.9A CN110068143B (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2019-05-28 | Split type hot-blast furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910451439.9A CN110068143B (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2019-05-28 | Split type hot-blast furnace |
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| CN110068143A CN110068143A (en) | 2019-07-30 |
| CN110068143B true CN110068143B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| DE69230761D1 (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 2000-04-13 | Bowin Technology Pty Ltd | GAS HEATER WITH BURNERS THAT WORK WITHOUT ADDITIONAL AIR |
| CN101650072A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-17 | 肖建选 | Multi-stage heat-exchange and waste heat recovery hot-air system with function of purifying fuel gas |
| CN101650073A (en) * | 2009-07-11 | 2010-02-17 | 盛文业 | Baffled hot-blast stove |
| CN102393069A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-03-28 | 武汉工业学院 | Gas-solid mixing combustion hot-air oven with double towers and double furnace cavities |
| CN210197696U (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-03-27 | 湖南郴州粮油机械有限公司 | Split hot-blast stove |
-
2019
- 2019-05-28 CN CN201910451439.9A patent/CN110068143B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69230761D1 (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 2000-04-13 | Bowin Technology Pty Ltd | GAS HEATER WITH BURNERS THAT WORK WITHOUT ADDITIONAL AIR |
| CN101650072A (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2010-02-17 | 肖建选 | Multi-stage heat-exchange and waste heat recovery hot-air system with function of purifying fuel gas |
| CN101650073A (en) * | 2009-07-11 | 2010-02-17 | 盛文业 | Baffled hot-blast stove |
| CN102393069A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2012-03-28 | 武汉工业学院 | Gas-solid mixing combustion hot-air oven with double towers and double furnace cavities |
| CN210197696U (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-03-27 | 湖南郴州粮油机械有限公司 | Split hot-blast stove |
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