CN102221201A - Equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed of circulating fluidized bed boiler and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed of circulating fluidized bed boiler and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102221201A CN102221201A CN2011100808626A CN201110080862A CN102221201A CN 102221201 A CN102221201 A CN 102221201A CN 2011100808626 A CN2011100808626 A CN 2011100808626A CN 201110080862 A CN201110080862 A CN 201110080862A CN 102221201 A CN102221201 A CN 102221201A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed of a circulating fluidized bed boiler and an operation method thereof. The equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed comprises a directional hood 1, a primary cold air chamber 2, a bed 3, a rectangular shell 4, a warm air pipe 5, a water cooling header 6, water cooled tube bundles 7, a boiler reject valve 8, a cold slag fluidized bed reject valve 9 and a cold slag fluidized bed reject tube 10. In the installation of the equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed, the cold slag fluidized bed 3 is lower than a boiler fluidized bed by 150mm, and a plurality of rows of the water cooled tube bundles 7 are embedded in a material layer on the cold slag fluidized bed, so that the full heat exchange between water and boiler slag can be realized, and the slag can be cooled to be at a temperature below 100 DEG C. The water cooling header 6 uniformly supplies water to the water cooled tube bundles 7. The operation method is as follows: firstly, before the boiler is started, bed material is matted as thick as 350mm on the cold slag fluidized bed, and particle size of the bed material is smaller than 8mm; and secondly, as a slag discharging method at fixed period with higher frequentness is adopted, when the slag on the cold slag fluidized bed is cooled to be at the temperature of 100 DEG C, the slag can be discharged, and when differential pressure of the material layer of the clod slag fluidized bed reaches 3500Pa, the slag discharging door of the cold slag fluidized bed is closed, and then a boiler slag discharging door is opened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to CFBB, the bed that waits that especially relates to a kind of CFBB is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method.
Background technology
China uses the maximum country of CFBB (CFB boiler) in power plant in the world, the big or small recirculating fluidized bed station boiler that has moved has more than 3000, wherein the above large-size circulating fluidized bed station boiler of 410t/h has more than 140, and the above large-size circulating fluidized bed station boiler of 1025t/h has more than 20 (also having more than 50 builds).
The power station CFBB is provided with the slag-drip opening of internal diameter 200mm-300mm at burner hearth bottom, and deslagging temperature has 900 ℃ approximately, and pressure has 6000Pa approximately.Slag cooler is cooling and dredges the device that self-loopa fluidized-bed combustion boiler body is discharged end slag, is the vitals that guarantees the efficient operation of CFB boiler safety.Because stopping up freely will not appear in the slag cooler deslagging, the frequency that slag cooler stops up is high more, and boiler is forced to stop transport just frequent more.The irregular working of slag cooler is to cause the CFB boiler to be forced to the one of the main reasons of blowing out and the operation of generating set load shedding.
The deslagging of early stage CFBB flows to air-water combined slag cooler (distinguished and admirableization water cooling), this air-water combined slag cooler the inside has the twice wall that the rectangle air-water combined slag cooler is divided into three storehouses, slag be required between three storehouses, to detour (climb the hole or climb over the walls) discharge at last, but because the bulky grain slag that spoil produces is difficult between three storehouses and detours (climb the hole or climb over the walls); A large amount of almost is that whole this three storehouse air-water combined slag coolers coking all occurred, stopped up the phenomenon that slag can not arranged.There is following problem in this three storehouse air-water combined slag coolers:
1, body of wall is the heat insulating construction that steel plate adds the thermal insulation fire-resistant material, does not absorb heat, and water-cooled coil heating surface deficiency causes the slag cooler return air temperature to be higher than 320 ℃ of design loads far away, when unusual all about 600 ℃.Deslagging temperature often is higher than 150 ℃.
2, the slag input particle diameter requires harsh.The slag input granularity is big and measure and easily pile up when too much, is difficult to row to next chamber.
3, high mid-board (around wall formula, jumping wall formula) easily makes the deslagging difficulty more than two meters.Even the air quantity of fluidisation blower fan is transferred to maximum, slag can not climb over air-cooled partition wall, is forced to interim mud hole deslagging.
When 4, slag cooler moved, each chamber bed was pressed and can not set up the bed emptying.The state that have to be similar to the strength conveying is failed slag, deslagging, and the fluidisation air quantity is strengthened.Thereby make that the flowing velocity of slag charge is very fast, to the impact aggravation of blast cap, blast cap serious wear.
5, the combustible that boiler discharges in the slag charge takes place easily and increase in production reality, easily cause second-time burning in a Room this moment, causes heat accumulation, and coking takes place, and then stop up slag cooler, finally makes the boiler can't deslagging, is forced to blowing out.Because the frequency that slag cooler stops up is very high, makes the continuous operating time of boiler very short.
6, to the ature of coal bad adaptability, the frequency that slag cooler stops up when the quantity of slag of ature of coal variation boiler generation also increases greatly is also very high.
There is following advantage simultaneously in this three storehouses air-water combined slag cooler:
1, air-cooled ratio is big, can effectively reclaim the thin ash in the end slag, makes the uncombusted carbon granules return burner hearth, and the end content of slag combustible is low.
2, water consumption is little, and little to the amount of the drawing gas influence of steam turbine, it is little that plant thermal efficiency is reduced influence.
In recent years, the user of this three storehouse air-water combined slag coolers changes it into the roller slag cooler of water-cooled one after another; But the roller slag cooler of water-cooled is air-cooled owing to losing, and unburnt fine grained carbon can not return burner hearth and burn, and right, also needs to adopt wind and water combined cooling,
But also there is following shortcoming simultaneously in barrel slag cooler:
1, almost do not have air-cooledly, can not effectively reclaim the thin ash in the end slag, can not make the uncombusted carbon granules return burner hearth, the content height of flying dust and end slag combustible.
2, water consumption is very big, squeeze the amount of drawing gas of steam turbine, and plant thermal efficiency is reduced.
3, roller slag cooler has limited its service life because of its existence that rotating part is arranged.After operation a period of time (approximately more than a year), just occur wearing and tearing, leaking, leak the slag phenomenon, maintenance capacity is big.Component wear is serious.
4, high to ash content air-cooled can't the assurance of fire coal (ash content＞70%) exerted oneself and cooling effect, maximizes restricted and is subjected to power plant's site space arrangement constraints, reaches the very difficult of 20t/h at present.
Because barrel slag cooler exists above not enough, impel people again backspace study and improve fluidisation formula geomantic omen slag cooler, but can not adopt the three early stage storehouses air-water combined slag cooler that detours.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of bed that waits of CFBB to press cold slag fluid bed and operation method.Purpose provides the water-cooled air-supply fluidization cold slag device that a kind of exert oneself greatly slag cooler and uncombusted fine grained carbon return the burner hearth burning again, the advantage that this slag cooler combines cold selectivity slag cooler in various fluid beds geomantic omen and barrel slag cooler has overcome the shortcoming of two big class slag coolers simultaneously, and unique innovative design is arranged again.Creatively proposed to wait bed to press cold slag fluid bed and the regular deslagging thought of high frequency, deslagging temperature can reach below 100 ℃ fully and can arrange that it is synchronous that bed drain purge and boiler produce the quantity of slag around boiler.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical method:
1, the very little ash gate of at this moment just closing of deslagging flow when boiler slag removal to cold slag fluid bed and boiler fluid bed waits bed to press substantially leans on cold wind fluidisation to cool off warm sludge on the cold slag fluid bed then.The absolute altitude of two beds is basic identical, and what in fact scum pipe played is the linker effect.
2, the regular deslagging of higher frequency, the slag on cold slag fluid bed are cooled to 100 ℃ just can slagging, just closes ash gate when the bed of material differential pressure of cold slag fluid bed reaches 3000Pa.
3, adopt circumferential weld backflow multi-port wind cap to make big clinker directed flow and resistance minimum, avoided clogging thereby avoided big slag to gather.Bed drain purge very big (more than the 20t/h) can adapt to the big bed drain purge operating mode of steam coal qualitative change difference.Blast cap does not leak slag and wearability is good.
4, water cooling tube is arranged in the bed of material that is embedded on the cold slag fluid bed, has realized the abundant heat exchange of water, wind and slag, to the cooling effect of slag.Deslagging temperature can reach below 100 ℃.
5, based on air-cooled, water-cooled is auxilliary, and water consumption is little, and is little to the Turbo-generator Set effectiveness affects.
6, mud hole is driveed at the rear portion apart from blast cap air outlet 350mm highly, can set up stable slag charge layer height (bed is pressed) automatically, makes fluidisation stable, and total blast volume is few, has reduced the initial velocity that slag granules is washed away, and reduces slag cooler and weares and teares.Cold slag wind regime can be taken from boiler primary air fan outlet cold wind and the required primary air flow of boiler is had no effect.
7, deliver in the stove after a cold wind can be heated to more than 300 ℃, cold slag fluidized bed slag cooler has played the air preheater effect, and the heat of warm sludge is recovered sends back in the boiler, has improved the efficiency of combustion of boiler.
8, uncombusted fine grained carbon is transmitted back to burning again in the boiler with hot blast, has reduced the deslagging phosphorus content, has improved the efficiency of combustion of boiler.
9, the control device on the cold slag fluidized bed slag cooler scum pipe can be simplified (only needing to install flapper gets final product).
10, there is not mechanical rotation device, long service life, operating maintenance is convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional boiler deslagging.
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in the figure, the bed that waits of CFBB of the present invention is pressed a cold slag fluid bed and an operation method, and it comprises wind cap 1, cold air chamber 2, bed 3, rectangular case 4, warm-air pipe 5, water-cooled header 6, water cooling tube row 7, boiler slag removal valve 8, cold slag fluid bed residual cake valve 9, cold slag fluid bed scum pipe 10.
Cold slag fluid bed 3 is than the low 10mm of boiler fluid bed when 1, installing, and the boiler fluid bed is at this moment basic identical with the absolute altitude of cold slag fluid bed about downward swell increment 150mm when hot.
2, arrange in water cooling tube row 7 bed of materials that are embedded on the cold slag fluid bed more, realize the abundant heat exchange of water and slag, slag can be cooled to below 100 ℃.Water-cooled header 6 evenly supplies water to water cooling tube row 7.
3, adopt circumferential weld backflow multi-port wind cap to make big clinker directed flow and resistance minimum, avoided clogging thereby avoided big slag to gather.Bed drain purge very big (more than the 20t/h) can adapt to the big bed drain purge operating mode of steam coal qualitative change difference.Blast cap does not leak slag and wearability is good.
4, operation method:
(1) cold slag fluid bed upper berth equalizing bed material 350mm before the boiler startup, granularity is less than 8mm.The very little boiler slag removal valve 8 of at this moment just cutting out of deslagging flow when boiler slag removal to cold slag fluid bed and boiler fluid bed waits the bed pressure substantially leans on cold wind fluidisation to cool off warm sludge on the cold slag fluid bed then.The absolute altitude of two beds is basic identical, and what in fact the boiler slag removal pipe played is the linker effect; Cold slag fluid bed scum pipe 10 is located at the air outlet high 350mm of a rear portion slag inlet than blast cap 1, can set up stable slag charge layer height (bed is pressed) automatically, at this moment just realized automatic stabilisation deslagging state, as long as deslagging temperature meets the demands, this state is exactly the optimum state of deslagging control.As the still high regular deslagging of higher frequency of then taking of deslagging temperature.
(2) take the regular Slagoff method of higher frequency: the slag on cold slag fluid bed is cooled to 100 ℃ just can slagging, just closes cold slag fluid bed ash gate when the bed of material differential pressure of cold slag fluid bed reaches 3500Pa, opens the boiler slag removal door then.
5, the wind regime of a cold air chamber 2 is taken from boiler primary air fan outlet cold wind and the required primary air flow of boiler is had no effect.
6, based on air-cooled, water-cooled is auxilliary, and water consumption is little, and is little to the Turbo-generator Set effectiveness affects.
Be heated to when 7, a cold wind makes a bed materials flowization by cold slag fluid bed and deliver to then more than 300 ℃ in the stove, cold slag fluidized bed slag cooler has played the air preheater effect, and the heat of warm sludge is recovered sends back in the boiler, has improved the efficiency of combustion of boiler.Uncombusted fine grained carbon is transmitted back to burning again in the boiler with hot blast, has reduced the deslagging phosphorus content, has improved the efficiency of combustion of boiler.
8,10 supporting again installation Weight types of need of cold slag fluidized bed slag cooler scum pipe flapper gets final product safe and stable operation.
9, without rotary machine, the simple and reliable long service life of system, operating maintenance is convenient.
The various embodiments described above can not depart from the scope of the present invention down in addition some variations, thus more than explanation comprise and accompanying drawing shown in structure should be considered as exemplary, but not in order to limit claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
- A CFBB etc. bed press cold slag fluid bed and operation method it is characterized in that: it comprises wind cap 1, cold air chamber 2, bed 3, rectangular case 4, warm-air pipe 5, water-cooled header 6, water cooling tube row 7, boiler slag removal valve 8, cold slag fluid bed residual cake valve 9, cold slag fluid bed scum pipe 10.
- 2. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method, it is characterized in that: than the low 150mm of boiler fluid bed, the boiler fluid bed was at this moment basic identical with the absolute altitude of cold slag fluid bed about downward swell increment 150mm when hot when described cold slag fluid bed 3 was installed.
- 3. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method, it is characterized in that: in described many row's water cooling tube row 7 bed of materials that are embedded on the cold slag fluid bed, realize the abundant heat exchange of water and slag, slag can be cooled to below 100 ℃.Water-cooled header 6 evenly supplies water to water cooling tube row 7.
- 4. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed a cold slag fluid bed and an operation method, it is characterized in that: described wind cap 1 makes big clinker directed flow and resistance minimum, has avoided clogging thereby avoided big slag to gather.Bed drain purge very big (more than the 20t/h) can adapt to the big bed drain purge operating mode of steam coal qualitative change difference.Blast cap does not leak slag and wearability is good.
- 5. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method, and it is characterized in that: described operation method: cold slag fluid bed upper berth equalizing bed material 350mm before (1) boiler startup, granularity is less than 8mm.The very little boiler slag removal valve 8 of at this moment just cutting out of deslagging flow when boiler slag removal to cold slag fluid bed and boiler fluid bed waits the bed pressure substantially leans on cold wind fluidisation to cool off warm sludge on the cold slag fluid bed then.The absolute altitude of two beds is basic identical, and what in fact the boiler slag removal pipe played is the linker effect; Cold slag fluid bed scum pipe 10 is located at the air outlet high 350mm of a rear portion slag inlet than blast cap 1, can set up stable slag charge layer height (bed is pressed) automatically, at this moment just realized automatic stabilisation deslagging state, as long as deslagging temperature meets the demands, this state is exactly the optimum state of deslagging control.As the still high regular deslagging of higher frequency of then taking of deslagging temperature.(2) take the regular Slagoff method of higher frequency: the slag on cold slag fluid bed is cooled to 100 ℃ just can slagging, just closes cold slag fluid bed ash gate when the bed of material differential pressure of cold slag fluid bed reaches 3500Pa, opens the boiler slag removal door then.
- 6. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method, it is characterized in that: the wind regime of a described cold air chamber 2 is taken from boiler primary air fan outlet cold wind and the required primary air flow of boiler is had no effect.Based on air-cooled, water-cooled is auxilliary, and water consumption is little, and is little to the Turbo-generator Set effectiveness affects.
- 7. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method, it is characterized in that: a described cold wind is heated to more than 300 ℃ when making a bed materials flowization by cold slag fluid bed to be delivered in the stove then, cold slag fluidized bed slag cooler has played the air preheater effect, the heat of warm sludge is recovered sends back in the boiler, has improved the efficiency of combustion of boiler.Uncombusted fine grained carbon is transmitted back to burning again in the boiler with hot blast, has reduced the deslagging phosphorus content, has improved the efficiency of combustion of boiler.
- 8. the bed that waits of CFBB according to claim 1 is pressed cold slag fluid bed and operation method, and it is characterized in that: 10 supporting again installation weights of need of described cold slag fluidized bed slag cooler scum pipe flapper gets final product safe and stable operation.Without rotary machine, the simple and reliable long service life of system, operating maintenance is convenient.
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| CN2011100808626A CN102221201A (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | Equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed of circulating fluidized bed boiler and operation method thereof |
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| CN2011100808626A CN102221201A (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | Equal-bed pressure cold slag fluidized bed of circulating fluidized bed boiler and operation method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103292320A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Circulating fluid bed boiler and fluidizing method using same |
| CN104061569A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-09-24 | 国家电网公司 | W-shaped flame boiler combustion and pulverization system |
| CN108362341A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-08-03 | 河南禾力能源股份有限公司 | A kind of hydrolyzer deslagging detection device |
| CN108700289A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-10-23 | 因姆普朗伯德公司 | Bed management cycle for fluidized-bed combustion boiler and corresponding device |
| CN109268822A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-25 | 贵州新能源开发投资股份有限公司 | A kind of cold slag structure of static state of the regular deslagging of small-sized fluidized bed boiler |
| CN109737374A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-10 | 常州市长江热能有限公司 | A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN112696666A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-23 | 北京中电长峰节能科技有限公司 | Hot slag energy and fine particle recovery system of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN114317035A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification cold slag device and gasification cold slag method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103292320A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-11 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Circulating fluid bed boiler and fluidizing method using same |
| CN104061569A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-09-24 | 国家电网公司 | W-shaped flame boiler combustion and pulverization system |
| CN104061569B (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-03-09 | 国家电网公司 | The burning of W type flame boiler and pulverized coal preparation system |
| CN108700289A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-10-23 | 因姆普朗伯德公司 | Bed management cycle for fluidized-bed combustion boiler and corresponding device |
| CN108362341A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-08-03 | 河南禾力能源股份有限公司 | A kind of hydrolyzer deslagging detection device |
| CN109268822A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-01-25 | 贵州新能源开发投资股份有限公司 | A kind of cold slag structure of static state of the regular deslagging of small-sized fluidized bed boiler |
| CN109737374A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-10 | 常州市长江热能有限公司 | A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN112696666A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-23 | 北京中电长峰节能科技有限公司 | Hot slag energy and fine particle recovery system of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN114317035A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification cold slag device and gasification cold slag method |
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