CN113758336A

CN113758336A - Energy storage device, cold filling and storage system, cold storage and supply system and cold chain transport case

Info

Publication number: CN113758336A
Application number: CN202011062276.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈金红
Original assignee: Zhejiang Xuebolan Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Xuebolan Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-03
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2021-12-07
Also published as: CN113758340A; CN113758339A; CN113758335A; CN113758341A; CN113758337A; CN113758338A

Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage device, a cold charging and storage system with the energy storage device, a cold storage and supply system with the energy storage device and a cold chain transport case with the energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device comprises a shell; the inner pipe penetrates through the outer shell, and a closed energy storage cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner pipe; the heat conducting fins are positioned in the energy storage cavity; in part of the energy storage cavity, the length of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the thickness of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube.

Description

Energy storage device, cold filling and storage system, cold storage and supply system and cold chain transport case

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cold accumulation, in particular to an energy storage device capable of quickly performing heat exchange and preventing deformation or breakage, and a cold charging and accumulating system, a cold accumulating and supplying system and a cold chain transport case with the energy storage device.

Background

With the improvement of living standard, the application scenes of cold or heat supply are more and more. If the refrigerating unit is arranged in all application scenes, the cost and the energy consumption are high.

For example, Cold Chain Logistics (Cold Chain Logistics) generally refers to a system engineering that refrigerated and frozen food is always in a specified low-temperature environment in each link before production, storage, transportation and sale, so as to ensure the quality of the food and reduce the loss of the food. In a traditional cold chain transport vehicle, a refrigeration unit is powered by gasoline or a battery pack, and the refrigeration unit works to supply cold to a refrigerating box; the refrigerating unit needs to work in the whole transportation section, the energy consumption is large, and the utilization rate is low.

In order to save energy and protect environment, people load an energy storage device on a cold chain transport vehicle to store cold at the beginning, and in the whole transport process, a cold storage unit supplies cold to a cold storage box, so that the energy consumption is reduced. However, the inventor of the present invention has found that, in the conventional cold storage unit, the phase change speed or the phase change direction of the cold storage liquid in the cold storage unit is not controllable in the cold storage process, which easily causes the risk that the local part of the cold storage unit is deformed or broken due to the sudden increase of the phase change pressure.

In view of the above, there is a need to provide an improved energy storage device, and a cold charging and storage system, a cold storage and supply system and a cold chain transportation box having the same, so as to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an energy storage device capable of quickly performing heat exchange and preventing breakage, and a cold charging and storage system, a cold storage and supply system and a cold chain transport box with the energy storage device.

In order to realize one of the purposes of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an energy storage device, comprising:

a housing;

the inner pipe penetrates through the outer shell, and a closed energy storage cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner pipe;

the heat conducting fins are positioned in the energy storage cavity;

in part of the energy storage cavity, the length of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the thickness of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube.

Further, the thermally conductive sheet includes:

the heat transfer sheets are in contact with the inner pipe and the outer shell, and divide the energy storage cavity into at least two sub energy storage cavities;

the plurality of radiating fins are in contact with the inner pipe and positioned in the sub energy storage cavity, and gaps are formed between the radiating fins and the outer shell;

the included angle alpha between at least two adjacent heat transfer sheets is more than or equal to 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees, the length of the radiating fin positioned between the two heat transfer sheets is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the arrangement density of the radiating fin is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the thickness of the heat conducting fin is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube.

Furthermore, along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe, the included angles between the adjacent heat conducting fins are the same, and the length of the radiating fins is reduced; or, along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe, the lengths of the radiating fins are the same, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins is increased; or, along the circumference of the inner pipe, the length of the radiating fins is reduced, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins is increased.

Furthermore, the heat conducting fins comprise two heat transfer fins which respectively extend from the inner pipe to two opposite sides, and the two heat transfer fins divide the energy storage cavity into two symmetrically arranged sub energy storage cavities; the radiating fins positioned in the two sub energy storage cavities are symmetrically arranged relative to the heat transfer fin.

Further, the outer wall of the housing has a mark thereon indicating the direction of the decrease.

Furthermore, the heat conducting fin comprises a heat transfer fin contacted with both the inner tube and the outer shell and a radiating fin contacted with the inner tube, the heat transfer fin divides the energy storage cavity into at least two sub energy storage cavities, the radiating fin is positioned in the sub energy storage cavities, and a gap is formed between the radiating fin and the outer shell; the energy storage device further comprises a communication channel for communicating at least two sub energy storage cavities.

Further, the heat conducting fins include a heat transfer fin in contact with both the inner tube and the outer shell, and a heat radiating fin in contact with the inner tube, with a gap between the heat radiating fin and the outer shell; the thickness of the heat transfer fin is larger than that of the radiating fin.

Further, the energy storage device also comprises an energy storage material positioned in the energy storage cavity.

A cold charge storage system comprising:

the cold charging comprises a cold carrying pipe and a fluid medium positioned in the cold carrying pipe;

in the energy storage device, the cold carrying pipe is positioned in the inner pipe, and the outer wall of the cold carrying pipe is attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe; or the cold carrying pipe is communicated with the inner pipe.

The cold charging unit comprises a compressor, a condenser communicated with the compressor and a throttling element communicated with the condenser, and two ends of the cold carrying pipe are respectively communicated with the throttling element and the compressor;

or the cold charging unit comprises a cold source internally provided with a secondary refrigerant, two ends of the secondary refrigerant pipe are respectively communicated with the cold source, and the cold source and the secondary refrigerant pipe jointly form a circulation channel of the secondary refrigerant.

A cold-storage and-supply system comprising:

the energy storage device;

the cooling unit comprises a cooling pipe, the cooling pipe is positioned in the inner pipe, and the outer wall of the cooling pipe is attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe; or the cold supply pipe is communicated with the inner pipe.

A cold chain transport case, cold chain transport case includes above-mentioned energy storage equipment.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the energy storage device, the length, the thickness and the setting density of the heat conducting fins are optimized, so that the heat conducting fins are reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe, and the cold quantity or the heat quantity obtained by the energy storage liquid is correspondingly reduced, so that ordered phase change is realized, and the deformation or the fracture of the energy storage device caused by the increase of the internal pressure due to the disordered phase change can be avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an energy storage device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic end view of the outer tube, the inner tube and the heat conducting fins of the energy storage device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an end view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the energy storage device of another preferred embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage device of FIG. 6 comparing the points in sequence;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the energy storage device of another preferred embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of another embodiment of an energy storage device;

FIG. 12 is an exploded view of another embodiment of an energy storage device;

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the energy storage device of another preferred embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the energy storage device of another preferred embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 15 is an exploded view of the energy storage device of another preferred embodiment from the perspective of FIG. 4;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an energy storage device;

FIG. 17 is an exploded view of FIG. 16;

fig. 18 is a schematic end view of the tube, inner tube and heat conducting fins of fig. 16.

The heat-conducting heat-radiating heat-conducting.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings. These embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to these embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.

In the various drawings of the present invention, some dimensions of structures or portions are exaggerated relative to other structures or portions for convenience of illustration, and thus, are used only to illustrate the basic structure of the subject matter of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 18, an energy storage device 100 of the present invention includes an outer shell 1, an inner tube 2 penetrating the outer shell 1, a closed energy storage cavity 11 enclosed by the outer shell 1 and the inner tube 2 for storing energy storage material, and a heat conducting fin 3 located in the energy storage cavity 11; the heat conductive sheet 3 is in contact with at least one of the outer shell 1 or the inner tube 2 to increase a heat exchange rate.

The shape of the housing 1 is not limited, and can be adaptively changed according to the need or installation space. The shell 1 is a wholly sealed shell, or the shell 1 is provided with an opening and a sealing structure for sealing the opening; as long as it can hermetically store a certain amount of energy storage material.

For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the housing 1 includes an outer tube 12 and end caps 13 that close both ends of the outer tube 12, where the end caps 13 are any structure that closes both ends of the outer tube 12, and the end caps 13 are provided separately from or integrally with the outer tube 12.

The cross-sectional shape of the outer tube 12 is circular, polygonal or any other shape, including but not limited to triangle, square, hexagon, trapezoid, etc.

The end cover 13 is provided with a through hole 133 for the inner tube 2 to pass through, the inner tube 2 is placed at the through hole 133, and then the joint of the end cover 13 and the inner tube 2 is sealed in a welding mode and the like, so that the process is convenient to manufacture. Meanwhile, the end cover 13 and/or the outer tube 12 are provided with a filling port 131 for filling the energy storage cavity 11 with energy storage material, and after the energy storage material is filled, the filling port 131 is sealed by a sealing member 132.

The energy storage device 100 further comprises an energy storage material, preferably a phase change material, located in the energy storage cavity 11, wherein a large amount of energy can be stored or released during the phase change process. In the phase change process of the energy storage material, the volume of the energy storage material changes to give a certain pressure to the shell 1, and meanwhile, gas in the energy storage cavity 11 is compressed to also generate a certain pressure to the shell 1; considering the pressure that the energy storage device 100 can bear comprehensively, the addition amount of the energy storage material is: when the energy storage material is in a liquid state, the volume of the energy storage material is not more than 80% of the volume of the energy storage cavity 11, and the energy storage device 100 cannot be caused by volume increase when the energy storage material is in phase change.

The cross-sectional shape of the inner tube 2 is circular, polygonal or any other shape. The cross-sectional shapes of the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 can be the same, and the relative positions of the two can be clear at a glance. Or the cross-sectional shapes of the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 are different, so that the selection space of the inner tube and the outer tube is enlarged, and the optimal shape combination can be carried out according to the actual situation.

In a preferred embodiment, both ends of the inner tube 2 are exposed from the end caps 13 to facilitate welding of the inner tube 2 to the outer shell 1. Specifically, the through hole 133 of the end cap 13 is sleeved on the inner tube 2, and then the end cap 13 and the inner tube 2 are welded to the outer side of the end cap 13.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, an inwardly extending sleeve 134 may be disposed on the end cap 13, and the inner tube 2 is connected to the sleeve 134, and the inner tube 2 is located inside the outer shell 1. Of course, the sleeve 134 may also extend outwardly from the end cap 13.

The heat-conducting fin 3 can enlarge the heat transfer area, thereby improving the heat exchange speed. Therefore, the heat exchange speed in the energy storage chamber 11 can be changed by adjusting the structure, the arrangement density and the like of the heat conducting sheet 3. The relative positions of the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12, the specific structure of the heat-conducting fin 3, and the arrangement thereof will be described in detail below.

The heat conducting fins 3 comprise heat conducting fins 31 which are in contact with the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1, and the heat conducting fins 31 can support and fix the inner tube 2 and can also enable the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1 to perform rapid heat exchange, so that the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1 perform heat exchange with the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity 11 from the inner side and the outer side respectively, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

For example, when the inner tube 2 is connected to a cold charging unit, the cooled inner tube 2 exchanges heat with the outer shell 1 through the heat transfer sheet 31, so that the temperature of the outer shell 1 is reduced, and then the outer shell 1 and the inner shell exchange heat with the energy storage material at the same time, thereby increasing the cooling rate of the energy storage material.

In one embodiment, the heat transfer fins 31 extend outwardly from the inner tube 2. "extending from the inside to the outside" means: the heat transfer fins 31 have a tendency to extend from the inside to the outside, including but not limited to, extending radially outward of the inner pipe 2.

Further, the heat transfer sheet 31 includes an inner connection portion connected to the inner tube 2 and/or an outer connection portion connected to the outer case 1, thereby improving the connection strength and heat transfer performance of the heat transfer sheet 31 to the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12. The thickness of the inner connecting part is reduced from the middle to two sides along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe 2, so that the connecting strength and the heat transfer effect are enhanced; and, the inner connection part has an inner side surface, and the outer wall of the connection part of the inner tube 2 and the heat transfer sheet 31 has a shape consistent with the inner side surface, and the outer wall is tightly connected with the inner side surface. The thickness of the outer connecting part is reduced from the middle to two sides along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe 2, so that the connecting strength and the heat transfer effect are enhanced; the outer connecting portion has an outer surface, and an inner wall of a connecting portion between the housing 1 and the heat transfer sheet 31 has a shape identical to the outer surface, and is tightly connected to the outer surface.

The heat transfer sheet 31 may have a sheet shape, an arc shape, a spiral shape, or the like. The sheet shape is preferable, the manufacturing is convenient, and the process difficulty is greatly reduced particularly when the inner tube 2, the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer shell 1 are integrally formed. After being cut along the axial direction perpendicular to the inner tube 2, the cross section of the heat transfer sheet 31 is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, arc-shaped, and the like.

Taking a sheet as an example, the thickness of the heat transfer sheet 31 is not less than 1.5mm, preferably between 1.5mm and 2mm, the heat transfer sheet 31 has sufficient strength to support and fix the inner tube 2, and the heat conduction sheet 3 with the thickness has small thermal resistance, so that the thermal attenuation of the heat transfer sheet 31 can be effectively reduced, and the effective heat transfer between the outer tube 12 and the inner tube 2 is ensured.

As can be seen from the above, the greater the number of the heat transfer fins 31, the faster the heat exchange speed of the entire energy storage device 100. Wherein, the number of the heat transfer fins 31 is calculated by the extending direction of the heat transfer fins 31 relative to the inner tube 2, that is, the heat transfer fins 31 extending from the inner tube 2 to different directions are two different heat transfer fins 31; not directly at the point of attachment of the conductive and heat transfer sheet 31 to the conductive and heat transfer sheet 31.

The inventors have studied and found that, when at least two heat transfer sheets 31 are included, the heat transfer sheets 31 divide the charge chamber 11 into at least two sub-charge chambers 111. In the using process, when the energy storage material in the sub energy storage cavity 111 changes in phase change volume, the shell 1 enclosing the sub energy storage cavity is deformed or broken, which affects the use and the appearance; or the heat transfer sheet 31 enclosing the sub energy storage cavity is deformed or broken, thereby affecting the heat exchange speed.

To solve the technical problem, the energy storage device 100 further includes a communication channel 14 communicating at least two sub energy storage chambers 111. The sub energy storage cavities 111 are communicated through the communication channel 14, when the energy storage material is subjected to volume expansion due to phase change when acquiring cold or heat, for example, the energy storage material is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, the liquid energy storage material can flow in the adjacent sub energy storage cavities 111 through the communication channel 14, the pressure of the single sub energy storage space is released, and the energy storage device 100 is prevented from being deformed or burst.

Specifically, the communication passage 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the inner tube 2, or the communication passage 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer shell 2; or the communication passage 14 penetrates the heat transfer sheet 31, that is, the communication passage 14 is provided inside the heat transfer sheet 31.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat transfer sheet 31 extends in the axial direction of the inner tube 2, and the communication passage 14 is located between at least one end of the heat transfer sheet 31 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2 and the inner tube 2; and/or the communication passage 14 is located between at least one end of the heat transfer sheet 31 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1. The design greatly reduces the processing difficulty, and particularly in the energy storage device 100 in which the inner tube 2, the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer tube 12 are integrally formed, after the energy storage device is formed, a part of the heat transfer sheet 31 is removed at least at one end of the heat transfer sheet 31 along the axial direction of the inner tube 2 to form the communication channel 14, so that the process is simple and feasible.

Of course, the communication channel 14 may be disposed at the edge position of the heat transfer sheet 31 in the radial direction, including two cases: the communication channel 14 is located at the edge of the heat transfer sheet 31 adjacent to the inner tube 2, and the communication channel 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the inner tube 2; or, the communication channel 14 is located at the edge of the heat transfer sheet 31 adjacent to the outer tube 12, and the communication channel 14 is located between the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer tube 12.

Alternatively, the communication passage 14 also penetrates the heat transfer sheet 31 at an intermediate position of the heat transfer sheet 31.

Further, the heat conducting plate 3 further includes at least one heat dissipating fin 32 located in the sub energy storage cavity 111, and the heat exchanging speed can be further increased by the heat dissipating fin 32. The cooling fins 32 are connected with the inner pipe 2, and a gap is formed between the cooling fins 32 and the outer shell 1; or the heat radiating fins 32 are connected to the outer casing 1 with a gap between the heat radiating fins 32 and the inner pipe 31.

The heat radiating fins 32 are different from the heat transfer fins 31 only in the structure: the thickness of the heat radiating fins 32 is smaller than that of the heat transfer fins 31, so that the energy storage cavity 11 is not occupied too much on the premise of ensuring the improvement of the heat exchange speed, and meanwhile, the weight can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

Gaps are formed between the radiating fins 32 and the outer shell 1 or the inner tube 2, so that a flow path of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity 11 is ensured to be smooth, and the flow resistance of the energy storage material is reduced.

Preferably, an auxiliary communication channel 14' is arranged on the heat radiating fin 32 at a position corresponding to the communication channel 14, so that the energy storage material can flow smoothly. The "corresponding position" means a position where the communication passage 14 is mapped onto the fin 32 in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the fluid medium can rapidly pass through the adjacent communication passage 14 and the auxiliary communication passage 14', and the flow velocity can be increased.

Specifically, at least one end of the heat transfer fins 31 and the heat dissipation fins 32 is located inside the outer casing 1 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2, that is, the end of the outer casing 1 beyond the heat transfer fins 31 and the heat dissipation fins 32. Preferably, the heat transfer fins 31 and the heat dissipation fins 32 are flush with the same axial end of the inner tube 2 and have a gap with the outer shell 1, and the gap constitutes the communication channel 14, and the energy storage materials in different sub energy storage cavities 111 flow in the gap.

In a specific embodiment, the outer casing 1 includes an outer tube 12 and end caps 13 connected to both ends of the outer tube 12, the inner tube 2 extends along an axial direction of the outer tube 12, both ends of the inner tube 2 are exposed from the end caps 13, and the heat transfer fins 31 are respectively in contact with the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 along both ends of the inner tube 2 in a radial direction; gaps are formed between the end portions of the heat transfer fins 31 and the heat dissipation fins 32 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2 and the end caps 13, and the gaps form the communication passages 14.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the heat transfer fins 31 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the inner tube 2 is stressed in a balanced manner, and the heat distribution on the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 is uniform, so that the temperature of a part of regions is prevented from being too low, and the temperature of other regions is prevented from being too high.

Along the circumference of the inner pipe 2, a plurality of the radiating fins 32 in each sub energy storage cavity 111 are uniformly arranged, and the temperature distribution in the energy storage cavity 11 is uniform. In this case, energy storage materials with a small change in volume during the heat absorption or release process, for example "nonfreezing liquids" with a low freezing point or energy storage materials with a high boiling point, are preferred. When the energy storage material has a small volume change, the communication channel 14 communicates with the adjacent sub energy storage cavity 111 to release pressure, so that the energy storage device 100 is prevented from deforming or breaking.

Specifically, the heat conducting plate 3 includes 3 heat transferring plates 31 and two heat radiating plates 32 located in each sub energy storage cavity 111, and the number of the heat transferring plates 31 and the number of the heat radiating plates 32 are set reasonably, so that the heat transferring efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the heat transferring plate does not occupy too much space of the energy storage cavity 11.

The inventor also finds that the phase change speed of the energy storage material is related to the speed of acquiring cold or heat, the arrangement position of the inner tube 2 in the outer tube 12, the structure and the arrangement mode of the heat transfer plate 31 and/or the structure and the arrangement mode of the heat radiating plate 32 all have an influence on the speed of acquiring cold or heat by the energy storage material, and the faster the speed of acquiring cold or heat by the energy storage material is, the faster the speed of generating phase change is.

The heat transfer fins 31 and the heat radiating fins 32 divide the energy storage cavity 11 into a plurality of small non-closed cavities; if the energy storage material at the cavity outlet is subjected to a phase change with a larger volume than the energy storage material inside, for example, after the energy storage material at the cavity outlet is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, the energy storage material inside the cavity is changed from the liquid state to the solid state, so that the shell 1, the inner tube 2 or the heat conducting sheet 3 enclosing and forming the cavity is deformed or burst. On the contrary, if the energy storage material inside the cavity has a phase change with a larger volume than the energy storage material at the outlet, that is, the phase change speed of the energy storage material inside the energy storage cavity is reduced from the inside to the outlet of the cavity, when the phase change with the larger volume occurs inside the cavity, the liquid or gaseous energy storage material flows outwards, so that the energy storage device 100 can be prevented from deforming or breaking; therefore, it is important how to control the direction of the phase change speed change in at least a part of the region in the energy storage cavity 11.

In the present invention, in part of the energy storage cavity 11, the structure and the arrangement of the heat conducting fins 3 meet at least one of the following conditions: the length of the heat-conducting fin 3 is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the arrangement density of the heat-conducting fin 3 is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the thickness of the heat-conducting fin 3 is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2. Along the above-mentioned direction of reduction, the heat or the cold volume that heat conduction piece 3 provided for the energy storage liquid in the energy storage chamber reduces, and the phase transition speed of energy storage liquid reduces, can avoid energy storage device 100 takes place to warp or break.

The "part of the energy storage chamber" is a part of the energy storage chamber 11, and in the embodiment where the heat conducting plate 3 includes the heat conducting plate 31 and the heat radiating plate 32, the "part of the energy storage chamber" is a sub energy storage chamber 111 between two adjacent heat conducting plates 31. The above-mentioned "decrease" means that there is a decreasing tendency in the unit volume, and may be a continuous decrease, an equal difference decrease or a gradual decrease, and the like.

Specifically, the heat conducting fins 3 extend from the inner tube 2 in a direction away from the inner tube 2, and the heat conducting fins 3 include heat transfer fins 31 contacting both the inner tube 2 and the outer shell 1 and the inner tube 2 connected to the inner tube 2, at least two of the heat transfer fins 31 dividing the energy storage cavity 11 into at least two sub energy storage cavities 111; the heat radiating fins 32 are located in the sub energy storage cavity 11, and a gap is formed between the heat radiating fins 32 and the shell 1.

The included angle between at least two adjacent heat transfer sheets 31 is in the range of 90 degrees to alpha 180 degrees, the length of the radiating fin 32 between the two heat transfer sheets 31 is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and/or the arrangement density of the radiating fin 32 is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, so that the heat transfer area of the radiating fin 32 is reduced from one heat transfer sheet 31 to the other heat transfer sheet 31, and the energy storage liquid in the sub energy storage cavity 111 gradually changes phase along the reducing direction; and/or the thickness of the heat radiating fin 32 is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, so that the thermal attenuation of the heat radiating fin 32 is increased along the aforementioned reduction direction, and the energy storage liquid in the sub energy storage cavity 111 is gradually changed in phase along the reduction direction.

In the first embodiment, please refer to fig. 6 to 8, the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 are concentrically arranged, that is, the central axis of the inner tube 2 coincides with the central axis of the outer tube 12, so that the whole energy storage device 100 is relatively balanced, easy to manufacture and long in service life. At this time, the phase change sequence of the energy storage material in different areas is controlled by adjusting at least one of the structure or the arrangement density of the heat conducting sheet 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, at least two heat transfer fins 31 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the arrangement density of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 32 is reduced and/or the length of the heat dissipation fins 32 is reduced in a direction from one heat transfer fin 31 to another heat transfer fin 31 arranged adjacent thereto. Therefore, the heat dissipation fins 32 are arranged in the region with large density or long length, the sum of the heat transfer areas of the heat dissipation fins 32 is large, the region with large heat transfer area is firstly changed in phase, and the region with small heat transfer area is then changed in phase; so that the energy storage material gradually changes phase along the arrow direction shown in fig. 7, and the energy storage device 100 is prevented from deforming or cracking.

Specifically, the length of the heat dissipation fins 32 is the same along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the arrangement density between the adjacent heat conduction fins 3 is reduced, that is, the included angle between the adjacent heat conduction fins 3 is increased. The smaller the included angle is, the smaller the cavity between the two adjacent heat conducting fins 3 is, and the faster the speed of the energy storage material in the cavity for acquiring cold or heat is, the earlier the phase change occurs. The included angle between the heat conducting fins 3 includes an included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins 31 and the adjacent heat radiating fins 32, and an included angle between the adjacent two heat radiating fins 32.

Or, along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the included angles between the adjacent heat-conducting fins 3 are the same, and the length of the heat-radiating fins 32 is reduced. The longer the length of the heat radiating fin 32 is, the larger the heat transfer area is, and the faster the energy storage material adjacent to the heat radiating fin obtains cold or heat, the earlier the phase change occurs. Referring to fig. 6, the longer the length La of the heat sink 32 is, the shorter the distance Lb between the heat sink 32 and the housing 1 is; for example, Lb1 is less than Lb 2.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, an included angle between adjacent heat conducting fins 3 is increased, the length of the heat radiating fin 32 is decreased, and the difference of the speed of acquiring cold or heat in different areas is larger, which is more beneficial to the gradual phase change.

In addition, the thickness of the heat conducting sheet 3 is gradually reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the larger the thickness of the heat conducting sheet is, the smaller the thermal attenuation is, the smaller the thermal resistance is, and the faster the heat transfer speed is, thereby achieving the technical effects.

Further, based on the above specific embodiment, the heat conducting plate 3 includes two heat transferring plates 31 respectively extending to the first end and the second end, and the two heat transferring plates 31 divide the energy storage cavity 11 into two sub energy storage cavities 111 symmetrically arranged; the heat dissipation fins 32 located in the two sub energy storage cavities 111 are symmetrically arranged relative to the heat transfer fin 31. Therefore, the phase change speeds of the energy storage liquids in the two sub energy storage cavities 11 are consistent from the first end to the second end, that is, the phase change speeds of the energy storage liquids on the two sides of the two heat transfer sheets 31 are substantially consistent, so that the heat transfer sheets 31 can be prevented from being deformed or broken.

Referring to fig. 7, the energy storage material at each point in the energy storage cavity 11 obtains cold or heat from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fin 3, and the outer tube 12 adjacent thereto, and the arrows in fig. 7 illustrate the sequence of obtaining energy at different points. In the using process, when the energy storage device 100 is installed, the side of the heat conducting sheet 3 with the higher density is required to be arranged below, and the side of the heat conducting sheet 3 with the lower density is arranged above, so that the liquid or gaseous energy storage material flows upwards, and pipe expansion is avoided.

Taking the example of charging the energy storage device 100 with cold from the inner tube 2, between every two heat conducting fins 3, the faster the speed of obtaining cold from the energy storage material in the area closer to the inner tube 2 is, the earlier crystallization occurs; the faster the energy storage material in the area with higher density of the heat conducting fin 3 obtains heat or cold, the earlier the crystallization occurs; therefore, the energy storage material gradually changes phase according to the direction indicated by the arrow, and gas and liquid can effectively flow upwards, so that pipe expansion is effectively avoided.

In addition, as shown in fig. 13 to 18, the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 are eccentrically disposed, that is, the central axis of the inner tube 2 is deviated from the central axis of the outer tube 12.

Specifically, the outer tube 12 has a first end and a second end located on opposite sides of a central axis thereof, and after the inner tube 2 is offset toward the first end, the heat exchange speed between the energy storage material located on the side where the first end is located and the inner tube 2 is faster than the heat exchange speed between the energy storage material located on the side where the second end is located and the inner tube 2. If the inner pipe 2 is connected with the cold charging unit, the energy storage material on the side where the first end is located is fast in cooling speed, and phase change occurs firstly; the energy storage material on the side of the second end is cooled at a relatively low speed and then undergoes phase change, so that the phase change of the energy storage material in the energy storage cavity 11 from the first end to the second end can be effectively controlled, and the energy storage device 100 is prevented from being deformed or broken due to disorder of the phase change direction.

In a second type of embodiment, referring to fig. 13 or 14, the offset distance between the central axis of the inner tube 2 and the central axis of the outer tube 12 is not greater than a threshold value L1, and the heat conduction fins 3 extend from the inner tube 2 outward in the radial direction of the inner tube 2.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, the included angles between the adjacent heat conducting fins 3 are equal, and the lengths of the heat radiating fins 31 are the same, which is also beneficial for the energy storage material to gradually change phase on the basis of the eccentric arrangement of the inner tube 2.

The heat conducting sheet 3 comprises two heat transfer sheets 31, and the two heat transfer sheets 31 divide the energy storage cavity 11 into two sub energy storage cavities 111; the heat conducting fin 3 further comprises a plurality of cooling fins 32 connected with the inner tube 2 and located in the sub energy storage cavity 111, gaps are formed between the cooling fins 32 and the outer shell 1, and in each sub energy storage cavity 111, the plurality of cooling fins 32 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2.

Preferably, the heat dissipation fins 32 located in the two sub energy storage cavities 111 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the heat transfer fin 31.

As shown in fig. 14, the arrangement of the heat dissipation plate 32 is the same as that of the embodiment shown in fig. 6 to 8, and is not described herein again. On the basis of the eccentric arrangement of the inner tube 2, the length or the arrangement density of the radiating fins 32 is reduced, which is more beneficial to the gradual phase change of the energy storage material.

In a third embodiment, please refer to fig. 15 to 18, the inner tube 2 is offset from the central axis of the outer tube 12 toward the first end, and the offset distance is not less than the threshold L2; at this time, the offset distance of the inner tube 2 is large, and the carried cold or heat is far larger than that of the heat conducting fin 3, so that the heat or cold obtained by the energy storage material from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fin 3 and the outer tube 12 tends to be reduced from the first end to the second end; the energy storage material is gradually changed in phase along one direction, and the energy storage device 100 is prevented from being deformed or broken due to the phase change from multiple directions to the middle.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 15, when the offset distance is between the threshold L2 and the threshold L3, L2 is smaller than L3; the fins each extend outwardly from the inner tube 2.

In one embodiment, the energy storage cavity 11 is divided into two sub energy storage cavities 111 symmetrically arranged by two heat transfer fins 31 extending to the first end and the second end, respectively, and a plurality of cooling fins 32 are in contact with the inner tube 2 and a gap is formed between the cooling fins 32 and the outer shell 1; in the sub energy storing space 111, the length and/or the arrangement density of the fins 32 increases from the first end to the second end in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2.

Specifically, the lengths of the heat dissipation fins 32 are the same from the first end to the second end in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conduction fins 3 decreases. Or, the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins 3 is the same from the first end to the second end along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the length of the heat conducting fins 3 is increased. Preferably, an included angle between adjacent heat conducting fins 3 decreases from the first end to the second end in the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and the length of the heat conducting fins 3 increases.

In the above embodiments, because the offset distance of the inner tube 2 is large, the heat or cold obtained by the energy storage material from the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fins 3 and the outer tube 12 tends to decrease from the first end to the second end; the energy storage material is gradually changed in phase along one direction, so that the energy storage device 100 is prevented from being deformed or broken due to the phase change from multiple directions to the middle; meanwhile, the energy storage speed of the whole energy storage device 100 is high.

Further, the heat dissipation fins 32 located in the two sub energy storage cavities 111 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the heat transfer fin 31.

When the offset distance is not less than the threshold value L3, L2 is less than L3, the distance between the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 12 is short, and if the heat dissipation fins 32 extend toward the offset side, the distance between the heat dissipation fins 32 and the outer tube 12 is short, which is not favorable for the flow of the liquid or gaseous energy storage material; the fins 32 thus extend from the inner tube 2 beyond the first end while facing away from the inner tube 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 16 to 18, the length of the heat dissipation fin 32 increases from the first end to the second end, but the heat or cold obtained by the energy storage material from the inner tube 2, the heat conduction fin 3, and the outer tube 12 tends to decrease as a whole.

In a specific using process, the first end of the energy storage cavity 11 is arranged at the lower part, and the second end of the energy storage cavity 11 is arranged at the upper part, so that the liquid or gaseous energy storage material flows upwards, and pipe expansion is avoided.

Further, the outer wall of the housing 1 has a mark indicating the first end and/or the second end; or, the sign indicates the above-mentioned direction of decrease, and when installing energy storage device 100, the sign plays a role in suggestion to place the side that the heat transfer density is little downwards, the phenomenon of rupture appears.

In addition, based on all the above embodiments, the inner tube 2, the heat conducting fins 3 and the outer tube 12 are integrally formed or integrally arranged, and the heat transfer effect is far better than that of the post-assembly scheme. And the preferred aluminum or aluminum alloy material has light weight and high heat transfer speed.

The specific processing technology is that the inner tube 2, the heat transfer sheet 31 and the outer tube 12 are integrally formed; forming the communication passage 14 at an edge of the heat conductive sheet 3 in the axial direction of the inner tube 2, for example, removing a part of the heat conductive sheet 3 so that the heat conductive sheet 3 is located inside the outer tube 12; welding the end cap 13 to the housing 1; energy storage materials are injected into the energy storage cavity 11 from the injection port 131, and then the injection port 131 is sealed.

The invention also provides a cold charging and storage system, which comprises a cold charging unit and any one of the energy storage devices 100. The cold charging unit comprises a cold carrying pipe 4 and a fluid medium positioned in the cold carrying pipe 4; the cold carrying pipe 4 is positioned in the inner pipe 2, and the outer wall of the cold carrying pipe 4 is attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe 2; or the cold carrying pipe 4 is communicated with the inner pipe 2, and the fluid medium flows in a channel formed by the cold carrying pipe 4 and the inner pipe 2 together.

The term "fit" as used herein means that the cold carrier tube 4 fits the inner tube 2 without any gap, and there is no gap between the two in the error range of assembly; thus, the heat or reference transfer direction of heat is: the liquid in the cold carrier pipe 4 → the inner pipe 2 → the cold storage liquid in the energy storage chamber 11; the cold or heat is transferred among liquid, solid and solid, the heat loss is small, the quick and effective heat transfer is ensured, and the heat transfer loss is reduced. For example, the cold carrier tube 4 and the inner tube 2 are in interference fit, and can be realized through a tube expansion process.

In a specific embodiment, the cold charging unit includes a compressor, a condenser communicated with the compressor, and a throttling element communicated with the condenser, and both ends of the cold carrying pipe 4 are respectively communicated with the throttling element and the compressor.

In another specific embodiment, the cold charging unit includes a cold source with a built-in coolant, two ends of the cold carrying tube 4 are respectively communicated with the cold source, and the cold source and the cold carrying tube 4 together form a circulation channel of the coolant.

In the above embodiment, the energy storage device 100 releases cold or heat to a desired space or article through the housing 1.

The invention also provides a cold accumulation and supply system, which comprises any one of the energy storage devices 100 and the cold supply unit. The cold supply unit comprises a cold supply pipe, the cold supply pipe is positioned in the inner pipe 2, and the outer wall of the cold supply pipe is attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe 2 without a gap; or the cold supply pipe is communicated with the inner pipe 2. In this embodiment, the energy storage material obtains cold or heat from the housing 1.

The invention also provides a refrigerator comprising any one of the energy storage device 100, any one of the cold charging and storage system, or any one of the cold charging and storage system.

In summary, in the energy storage device 100 of the present invention, the length, the thickness, and the arrangement density of the heat conducting fins 3 are optimized to decrease along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 2, and accordingly, the amount of cold or heat obtained by the energy storage liquid is correspondingly decreased, so that ordered phase change is realized, and deformation or fracture of the energy storage device 100 due to increase of internal pressure caused by disordered phase change can be avoided.

It should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should make the description as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can also be combined appropriately to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, comprising:

a housing;

the heat conducting fins are positioned in the energy storage cavity;

the energy storage cavity is characterized in that the length of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube in part of the energy storage cavity, and/or the arrangement density of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube, and/or the thickness of the heat conducting fins is reduced along the circumferential direction of the inner tube.

2. The energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said heat conductive sheet comprises:

3. The energy storage device of claim 2,

the included angles between the adjacent heat conducting fins are the same along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe, and the length of the radiating fins is reduced;

or, along the circumferential direction of the inner pipe, the lengths of the radiating fins are the same, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins is increased;

or, along the circumference of the inner pipe, the length of the radiating fins is reduced, and the included angle between the adjacent heat conducting fins is increased.

4. The energy storage device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heat conducting fins comprise two heat conducting fins extending from the inner tube to two opposite sides respectively, and the two heat conducting fins divide the energy storage cavity into two sub energy storage cavities which are symmetrically arranged; the radiating fins positioned in the two sub energy storage cavities are symmetrically arranged relative to the heat transfer fin.

5. The energy storage device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer wall of the housing has markings indicating the direction of the reduction.

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claim 1, wherein said heat conducting fins comprise a heat transfer fin in contact with both said inner tube and said outer shell, and a heat radiating fin in contact with said inner tube, said heat transfer fin dividing said energy storage chamber into at least two sub energy storage chambers, said heat radiating fin being located in said sub energy storage chambers with a gap between said heat radiating fin and said outer shell; the energy storage device further comprises a communication channel for communicating at least two sub energy storage cavities.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said heat conductive fins include a heat transfer fin in contact with both said inner tube and said outer shell, and a heat radiation fin in contact with said inner tube, said heat radiation fin and said outer shell having a gap therebetween; the thickness of the heat transfer fin is larger than that of the radiating fin.

8. The energy storage device of claim 1, further comprising an energy storage material located within said energy storage cavity.

9. A cold charge storage system, comprising:

the cold filling unit comprises a cold carrying pipe and a fluid medium positioned in the cold carrying pipe;

the energy storage device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cold carrier tube is located inside the inner tube, and the outer wall of the cold carrier tube is attached to the inner wall of the inner tube; or the cold carrying pipe is communicated with the inner pipe.

10. The cold charge storage system according to claim 9 wherein said cold charge unit comprises a compressor, a condenser in communication with said compressor, a throttling element in communication with said condenser, both ends of said cold carrier tube being in communication with said throttling element, said compressor, respectively;

11. A cold storage and supply system, comprising:

the energy storage device of any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8;

12. A cold chain transport case, characterized in that, the cold chain transport case includes the energy storage device of any one of claims 1-8.