CN113750184A - 一种安神助眠的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种安神助眠的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种安神助眠的中药组合物。与现有技术相比,本发明提供的中药组合物从功效起效理论与实践体系多环节相互配合提高产品效果,可制备成含片含入瞬间结合口味通过不同层次口感的物理刺激,增加产品效果,带来体感;同时从中医理论入手由明代李时珍《本草纲目》载:“熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之症”所得灵感成方,应用药食同源素材经过系统理论和实验验证形成科学有效的中药组方,通过舌下含服有效成分可以通过毛细血管壁被吸收,有效分子能顺利通过较大分子间隙,削弱肝脏首过效应充分保留活性成分,吸收完全且速度较快,持续具有安神助眠之功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种安神助眠的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
人的一生大约有1/3的时间是在睡眠中度过的,当人们处于睡眠状态中,可以使大脑和身体得到休息和恢复。但是大多数人睡眠都不足7个小时,失眠是最常见的一种睡眠障碍性疾病,是多种躯体、精神和行为疾病所具有的常见临床表现。多种流行病学调查资料表明,西方国家35.2%的人有不同程度的失眠,2019年中国成年人失眠率高达38.2%。失眠障碍占61%,持续睡眠时间过短占52%,早醒以及入睡困难占38%,有50%的患者同时表现出两个及以上症状。失眠发生的范围也很广,不管男性女性、健康与否、老人或青年均可发生,因此随着生活节凑的加快,失眠正日益成为威胁人类健康的一个重要杀手。
中国人入睡时间延迟了2至3小时,中国人越睡越晚,平均睡眠时间6.82小时(数据来源:中国睡眠研究会),仅26%的中国人拥有正常深睡时间(数据来源:华为运动健康数据),76.56%的人出现睡前拖延症 (数据来源:梦洁大数据调研),疫情发生后,焦虑情绪使得中国人“睡前拖延症”迅速增长,晚上11点以后入睡占76.56%,凌晨12点后入睡占33.62%。四分之三的人因为情绪导致睡眠质量下降。
从中医的角度出发,失眠是由于思虑太过,伤及心脾、耗伤阴血,或者思则气结,气滞;阴虚火旺、真阴不足,心火亢盛;肝郁化火,扰动心神;心虚胆怯,胆气不宁;胃气不和,胃不和则睡不安;痰火内扰,痰湿生热,上扰心神。
随着人们生活水平的提高,对健康和疾病认识的提升,国人的健康保健意识也不断增强。“有病要治疗,未病要预防,无病要保健”的理念已经逐渐被人们接受,如今中医保健、食物养生、养生预防等问题越来越受到人们的关注与重视。
养生产生于上古先民为抗御严酷的自然环境,调整体力,抗御疾病,防治疾病的需要,是中华民族传统文化的一个有机组成部分。中医保健也可以叫做中医养生,是指通过各种方法颐养生命、增强体质、预防疾病,从而达到延年益寿的一种医事活动,养生就是保养生命的意思。保健食品在我国历史悠久,这是祖国医学中有“药食同源”的理论为指导所致。如今,人们的生活方式大部分存在工作压力大、生活规律差、应酬多、睡眠不足、烟酒无度、房事不节,摄入多而运动量少等问题,易造成亚健康状态。若长期处于亚健康状态,将会对机体造成巨大的健康隐患。古书有云“是故圣人不治已病治未病,不治已乱治未乱,此之谓也”,适时以调阴阳,和气血,保精神。
中医经典《景岳全书·不寐》曰:“不寐证虽病有不一,然惟知邪正二字则尽之矣,盖寐本乎阴,神其主也。神安则寐,神不安则不寐;其所以不安者,一由邪气之扰,一由营气之不足耳。”通过脏腑补虚泻实,调节气血、营卫的平衡,从而达到阴平阳秘、目瞑而寐。
本发明从中医理论入手,由明代李时珍《本草纲目》载:“熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之症”所得灵感成方,应用药食同源素材经过系统理论和实验验证形成科学有效的中药组方。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种吸收速度较高且持续时间较长的安神助眠的中药组合物及其制备方法。
本发明提供了一种安神助眠的中药组合物,包括:
优选的,包括:
优选的,包括:
优选的,包括:
本发明还提供了一种上述安神助眠的中药组合物的制备方法,包括:
S1)将黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉用水加热提取,得到提取物提取液;
S2)将所述提取液浓缩,得到提取物清膏;
S3)将所述提取物清膏与助干剂加热混合后,进行喷雾干燥,得到安神助眠的中药组合物。
优选的,所述步骤S1)中用水加热提取的次数为两次;第一次用水加热提取时水的体积为黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉总体积的8~15倍;第一次用水加热提取时的时间为0.5~1.5h;第二次用水加热提取时水的体积为黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉总体积的5~10 倍;第二次用水加热提取时的时间为0.5~1.5h。
优选的,所述步骤S2)中浓缩的方法为真空浓缩;浓缩的温度为50℃~80℃;浓缩的真空度为-0.03~-0.08MPa;浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.07(80℃) 得到提取物清膏。
优选的,所述助干剂为麦芽糊精;所述提取物清膏与助干剂的质量比为 (12~14):1。
优选的,所述喷雾干燥时进风温度为160℃~190℃;出风温度为85℃~95℃。
本发明提供了一种安神助眠的中药组合物,包括:黄精0.5~2重量份;石斛1~3重量份;百合2~4重量份;酸枣仁2~5重量份;青皮2~4重量份;牡蛎1~3重量份;麦冬2~5重量份;大枣0.5~2重量份;桑椹1~3重量份;藏红花1~3重量份;桑叶1~3重量份;淡豆豉2~4重量份。与现有技术相比,本发明提供的中药组合物从功效起效理论与实践体系多环节相互配合提高产品效果,可制备成含片含入瞬间结合口味通过不同层次口感的物理刺激,增加产品效果,带来体感;同时从中医理论入手由明代李时珍《本草纲目》载: “熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之症”所得灵感成方,应用药食同源素材经过系统理论和实验验证形成科学有效的中药组方,通过舌下含服有效成分可以通过毛细血管壁被吸收,有效分子能顺利通过较大分子间隙,削弱肝脏首过效应充分保留活性成分,吸收完全且速度较快,持续具有安神助眠之功效。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种安神助眠的中药组合物,包括:
优选地,包括:
更优选地,包括:
进一步优选地,包括:
本发明提供的中药组合物从功效起效理论与实践体系多环节相互配合提高产品效果,可制备成含片含入瞬间结合口味通过不同层次口感的物理刺激,增加产品效果,带来体感;同时从中医理论入手由明代李时珍《本草纲目》载:“熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之症”所得灵感成方,应用药食同源素材经过系统理论和实验验证形成科学有效的中药组方,通过舌下含服有效成分可以通过毛细血管壁被吸收,有效分子能顺利通过较大分子间隙,削弱肝脏首过效应充分保留活性成分,吸收完全且速度较快,持续具有安神助眠之功效。
本发明一种上述安神助眠的中药组合物的制备方法,包括:S1)将黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉用水加热提取,得到提取物提取液;S2)将所述提取液浓缩,得到提取物清膏;S3)将所述提取物清膏与助干剂加热混合后,进行喷雾干燥,得到安神助眠的中药组合物。
本发明对所有原料的来源均没有特殊的限制,为市售即可;所述黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉均同上所述,在此不再赘述。
将黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉用水加热提取;所述用水加热提取优选为加热至沸腾提取;在本发明中优选用水加热提取两次;第一次用水加热提取时水的体积优选为黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉总体积的8~15倍,更优选为8~12倍,再优选为10倍;第一次用水加热提取时的时间优选为0.5~1.5h,更优选为0.8~1.2h,再优选为1h;第二次用水加热提取时水的体积优选为黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉总体积的5~10倍,更优选为 6~9倍,再优选为7~8倍;第二次用水加热提取时的时间优选为0.5~1.5h,更优选为0.8~1.2h,再优选为1h;将两次提取的提取液合并,弃渣,得到提取物提取液。
在本发明中,优选将提取物提取液过筛,然后浓缩;所述过筛优选过 300~400目筛,更优选过35目筛;所述浓缩优选为真空浓缩;所述浓缩的温度优选为50℃~80℃;浓缩的真空度优选为-0.03~-0.08MPa;浓缩优选至相对密度为1.05~1.07(80℃);浓缩后还优选趁热过200~300目筛,更优选趁热过250目筛,得到提取物清膏。
将所述提取物清膏与助干剂加热混合;所述助干剂优选为麦芽糊精;所述提取清膏与助干剂的质量比优选为(12~14):1,更优选为5:1。
然后进行喷雾干燥,得到安神助眠的中药组合物;所述喷雾干燥时进风温度为160℃~190℃;出风温度为85℃~95℃。
在本发明中得到的中药组合物可经压制,得到含片。
为了进一步说明本发明,以下结合实施例对本发明提供的一种安神助眠的中药组合物及其制备方法进行详细描述。
以下实施例中所用的试剂均为市售。
试验材料
供试品
实施例1配方及比例:黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶、淡豆豉质量比为1:2:3:4:3:2:4:1:2:2:2:3;
对比例1配方与配比:黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬质量比为1:2:3:4:3:2:4;
对比例2配方与配比:大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶、淡豆豉质量比为 1:2:2:2:3;
对比例3配方与配比:黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、陈皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶、淡豆豉质量比为2:2:4:1:3:1:3:1:3:2:1:4;
对比例4配方与配比:石斛;
对比例5配方与配比:黄精、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶、淡豆豉质量比为1:3:4:3:2:4:1:2:2:2:3;
制备方法如下:
(1)提取
取上述原料,投入提取罐,加水提取二次,第一次加10倍水,加热提取,保沸提取1小时;第二次加8倍水,加热提取,保沸提取1小时。合并提取液初滤后泵入贮罐,得到提取物提取液,渣弃去。
(2)浓缩
取上述提取物提取液,过350目筛,抽入浓缩器中,真空浓缩(温度 50~80℃)至相对密度1.05~1.07(温度80℃,比重计测得)的清膏,趁热用 250目筛滤过,得提取物清膏,放入洁净容器,暂存。
(3)喷雾干燥
取上述清膏,置配料罐中,加入麦芽糊精(清膏与麦芽糊精的质量比为 12:1)加热并搅拌溶解均匀,95℃以上保温10分钟,停止加热,喷雾干燥,控制进风温度160℃~190℃,出风温度85℃~95℃,定期收集喷干粉,置洁净塑料袋中,得到提取物喷干粉即为中药组合物,备用。
实验动物
ICR小鼠60只,雌雄各半,体重18~20g,SPF级,购于湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司,实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(湘)2016-0002;在湖南省药物安全评价研究中心屏障环境饲养,实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK (湘)2015-0016。
主要仪器
ME2002E型电子天平,梅特勒-托利多仪器(上海)有限公司产品; ME2002E/02型电子天平,梅特勒-托利多仪器(上海)有限公司产品。
试验方法
ICR小鼠,体重18~20g,雌雄各半,根据体重将动物分为6组,每组10 只:
正常对照组:正常对照组每天灌胃给予蒸馏水
戊巴比妥钠组,灌胃给予戊巴比妥钠液,给药体积20mL/kg;
戊巴比妥钠+实施例1药物组:灌胃给予艾司唑仑和实施例1药物的药液,给药体积20mL/kg,给药剂量:实施例1药物2.6g/kg;
戊巴比妥钠+对比例1药物组:灌胃给予艾司唑仑和对比例1药物的药液,给药体积20mL/kg,给药剂量:对比例1药物2.6g/kg;
戊巴比妥钠+对比例2药物组:灌胃给予艾司唑仑和对比例2药物的药液,给药体积20mL/kg,给药剂量:对比例2药物2.6g/kg;
戊巴比妥钠+对比例3药物组:灌胃给予艾司唑仑和对比例3药物的药液,给药体积20mL/kg,给药剂量:对比例3药物2.6g/kg;
各组连续给药7天,末次给药后30min,各组小鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠 (30mg/kg),之后进行相关检测。
巴比妥类药物协同睡眠实验
巴比妥类药物是常用的催眠药物。该实验常用的巴比妥类药物为巴比妥钠和戊巴必妥钠,硫喷妥钠也可用于该实验。
戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量协同睡眠实验
实验原理
对动物腹腔注射阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠,观察动物的入睡率,实验组与对照组进行比较。阈下剂量是指使80%~90%小鼠不入睡的戊巴比妥钠最大剂量 (15~40mg/kg BW或巴比妥钠100~200mg/kg BW)。入睡率=入睡只数/该组只数。可通过该实验观察受试药物是否具有镇静催眠作用。给予受试药物一定时间后,腹腔注射阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠,若药物有此作用,则入睡率增加。
实验步骤
正式实验前先进行预实验,确定戊巴比妥钠(或巴比妥钠)阈下剂量(戊巴比妥钠16~40mg/kg BW或巴比妥钠100~200mg/kg BW),即80%~90%小鼠翻正反射不消失的戊巴比妥钠最大阈下剂量。动物末次给予溶剂及不同浓度受试样品后,出现峰作用前10~15分钟,各组动物腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠最大阈下催眠剂量,记录30分钟内入睡动物数(翻正反射消失达1分钟以上者)。
注意事项
实验前,动物应在实验室内适应30分钟以上。实验室环境保持安静、恒温(控制在24℃~25℃为宜)、恒湿,保持实验条件的稳定性。
实验前,熟悉动物翻正反射消失前的行为学改变。手动翻转动物时,若翻转太早,会影响动物入睡,导致睡眠潜伏期增加;若翻转太晚,会造成结果不准确。
各批次、种类或不同处理的动物可能对巴比妥钠类药物的敏感性不同。例如,同等剂量的戊巴必妥钠可使正常组小鼠完全入睡,但不能使模型小鼠 100%入睡。故针对不同实验,为达到实验目的,可适当调整巴比妥钠类药物的注射剂量。
检测指标
末次给药后30min,各组小鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠(30mg/kg),记录发生睡眠的动物数,翻正反射消失时间,睡眠持续时间。
统计学方法
统计所用软件为SPSS。计量资料以均数±标准差表示,用Leven’s test方法检验正态性和方差齐性。如果没有统计学意义(P>0.05),用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)进行统计分析。如果ANOVA有统计学意义(P≤0.05),用LSD test(参数法)进行比较分析。如果方差不齐(P≤0.05),则用 Kruskal-Wallis检验。如果Kruskal-Wallis检验有统计学意义(P≤0.05),则用Dunnett’s Test(非参数方法)进行比较分析。其中P≤0.05表示有统计学意义,P≤0.01表示所检验的差别有非常显著性意义。
实验结果
安神助眠配方对小鼠镇静安眠作用研究
如表1所示,连续给药7d后,安神助眠产品能明增加阈剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠小鼠睡眠时间(P<0.01),各对照则无显著效果。
表1安神助眠配方产品对小鼠戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠作用的影响
注:与戊巴比妥钠组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
结论
由表1可见,本发明提供的安神助眠的中药组合物具有明显的安神助眠功能,并且目前的配比和配方有独特性。
Claims (9)
5.一种权利要求1所述安神助眠的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
S1)将黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉用水加热提取,得到提取物提取液;
S2)将所述提取液浓缩,得到提取物清膏;
S3)将所述提取物清膏与助干剂加热混合后,进行喷雾干燥,得到安神助眠的中药组合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1)中用水加热提取的次数为两次;第一次用水加热提取时水的体积为黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉总体积的8~15倍;第一次用水加热提取时的时间为0.5~1.5h;第二次用水加热提取时水的体积为黄精、石斛、百合、酸枣仁、青皮、牡蛎、麦冬、大枣、桑椹、藏红花、桑叶与淡豆豉总体积的5~10倍;第二次用水加热提取时的时间为0.5~1.5h。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2)中浓缩的方法为真空浓缩;浓缩的温度为50℃~80℃;浓缩的真空度为-0.03~-0.08MPa;浓缩至相对密度为1.05~1.07(80℃)得到提取物清膏。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述助干剂为麦芽糊精;所述提取物清膏与助干剂的质量比为(12~14):1。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述喷雾干燥时进风温度为160℃~190℃;出风温度为85℃~95℃。
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