CN113748950A - Method for adjusting florescence of calliopsis aurantiaca by utilizing illumination - Google Patents
Method for adjusting florescence of calliopsis aurantiaca by utilizing illumination Download PDFInfo
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- CN113748950A CN113748950A CN202111271121.6A CN202111271121A CN113748950A CN 113748950 A CN113748950 A CN 113748950A CN 202111271121 A CN202111271121 A CN 202111271121A CN 113748950 A CN113748950 A CN 113748950A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for adjusting the florescence of calliopsis aurantiaca by utilizing illumination, which comprises the following steps of; firstly, seedling raising, namely screening seeds with good maturity, and carrying out plug seedling in a greenhouse; seedlings with uniform growth are selected and transplanted into the flowerpot after 4 weeks of emergence. And (3) illuminating the transplanted seedlings for 15-17 hours, wherein white light is adopted for 14-15 hours, and warm light is adopted for 1-2 hours, so that the color concentration of petals is not lost. The method has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, low cost, easiness in operation, ecological protection and the like, and the golden chrysanthemum cultured under the condition of illumination regulation without any chemical agent is 2-4 weeks earlier than the golden chrysanthemum cultured in the prior art, so that the problem that the golden chrysanthemum is late in flowering period and cannot meet the early market demand is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, relates to a method for regulating and controlling the florescence of a plant, and particularly relates to a method for regulating the florescence of aureobasidium by utilizing illumination.
Background
Tagetes aurea (academic name: Rudbeckia laciniata L.): the head-shaped inflorescence grows on the top of a branch, the involucre is hemispherical, the inflorescence support is protruded to be columnar, and a cone, a thin fruit quadrangular shape, a flower support spherical shape and a basal leaf feather shape are formed. Chrysanthemum morifolium is a beautiful ornamental plant and is native to North America.
The golden chrysanthemum has large plant type, various flowers in full-bloom stage, colorful flowers, bright flowers, long flowering and viewing period and short leaf fall period, and can form a bright flower sea view for 4 months, so that the golden chrysanthemum is suitable for being arranged in places such as parks, offices, schools, courtyards and the like, can also be used as flower beds and flower environment materials, is also a fine product of cut flowers and bottle cuttings, and can also be arranged at the edge of lawns to be planted in a natural mode. The golden color of the tea is highly matched with the aesthetic appearance of the nation, the reverberation is strong, and the tea has great domestic market potential. In addition to medicinal use, the cultivation and market demand for pot flowers has also expanded year by year.
Since the flowering period of the Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat is late, the plants usually bloom for the first time in the middle and last days of 8 months. Resulting in late plant flowering phase, short flowering phase, long return on investment period, and high price. Greatly restricting the development of potted flower sales. Therefore, the flowering period regulation technology is particularly important in commercialization of the Chrysanthemum morifolium flower pot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of late florescence time, short whole florescence period and the like of the aurelia aurantiaca, and provides a method for adjusting the florescence of the aurelia aurantiaca by using illumination.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for adjusting the florescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat by utilizing illumination comprises the steps of seed selection, plug seedling and flowerpot planting, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) selection of seeds
Screening out dark brown seeds with full grains and good maturity;
2) plug seedling
Sowing the seeds screened in the step 1) into a plug tray containing a seedling culture substrate for seedling culture; the seedling culture time is 4 weeks; raising seedlings in a greenhouse at the temperature of 19-25 ℃;
3) and the fixed planting of the flowerpot
Transplanting the seedlings which grow regularly and uniformly at the height of 6-10cm cultured in the step 2) into a flowerpot for field planting, and normally rejuvenating the seedlings in the first week after transplanting; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: illuminating for 15-17 hours every day, wherein the illuminating comprises illuminating for 14-15 hours by white light and illuminating for 1-2 hours by warm light; observing normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the culture temperature is 19-25 ℃.
In the step 2), the main components of the culture medium are plant ash, vermiculite and perlite, and the ratio is 3: 3: 1.
further, in the step 3): the diameter of the flowerpot is 15-20cm, and the height of the flowerpot is 16-21 cm.
Moreover, the irradiation intensity of the lamp light in the step 3) is 150 Lux.
Moreover, the step 3) field planting is carried out, seedlings which grow uniformly at the culture height of 6-10cm in the step 2) are selected and transplanted in a flowerpot for field planting, and the seedlings are revived in the first week after transplantation; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: carrying out 16-hour illumination every day, wherein white light illumination for 7 hours is firstly carried out, then warm light illumination for 2 hours is carried out, and then white light illumination for 7 hours is carried out; starting normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the incubation temperature was 22 ℃.
Moreover, the warm light is orange light.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a method for adjusting the florescence of aurelia by utilizing illumination, which only leads the aurelia to enter the florescence 2-4 weeks in advance by the illumination adjustment, integrally prolongs the florescence of an aurelia group, increases the ornamental time of the aurelia and improves the ornamental value and the economic value of the aurelia; the method for regulating and controlling the florescence is simple to operate, has low input cost, saves time and labor, has low requirements on operators, and can meet the requirement on regulating and controlling the florescence of the golden chrysanthemum in large-scale production.
2. The invention provides a method for adjusting the florescence of aurora by utilizing illumination, which is characterized in that the color of aurora is similar to that of naturally grown aurora by switching illumination white light and warm light, and the color of the aurora is slightly light.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the growth at the eighth week of "ringing" in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a comparison of the growth at the thirteenth week of "ringing" in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the growth at the twelfth week of "grassland sunlight" in example 2 and comparative examples 4 to 6;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the growth on the sixteenth week of "grassland sunlight" in example 2 and comparative examples 4 to 6;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the twelve week growth of "taurultam yellow" of example 3 and of comparative examples 7 to 9;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of the sixteenth week growth of "taurultam yellow" of example 3 and of comparative examples 7 to 9.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, are generally performed under conventional conditions.
Example 1
A method for adjusting the florescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat by utilizing illumination comprises the steps of seed selection, plug seedling and flowerpot planting, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) selection of seeds
Screening out dark brown seeds with full grains and good maturity; the seeds are implemented by selecting a variety 'sonorant' of the golden aster;
2) plug seedling
Sowing the seeds screened in the step 1) into a plug tray containing a seedling culture substrate for seedling culture; the seedling culture time is 4 weeks; raising seedlings in a greenhouse at the temperature of 19-20 ℃;
3) and the fixed planting of the flowerpot
Transplanting the seedlings which grow regularly and uniformly at the height of 6-8cm cultured in the step 2) into a flowerpot for field planting, and normally rejuvenating the seedlings in the first week after transplanting; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: performing illumination for 15 hours every day, wherein the illumination comprises 14 hours of white light illumination and 1 hour of warm light illumination; observing normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the culture temperature is 19-20 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the main components of the culture medium are grass ash, vermiculite and perlite, and the ratio is 3: 3: 1.
preferably, in the step 3): the diameter of the flowerpot is 15cm, and the height of the flowerpot is 16 cm.
Preferably, the irradiation intensity of the lamp light in the step 3) is 150 Lux.
Preferably, the flowerpot in the step 3) is used for raising seedlings, seedlings which grow uniformly and are cultured at the height of 6-8cm in the step 2) are selected and transplanted into a flower disc for culturing, and seedlings are recovered in the first week after transplantation; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: carrying out light irradiation for 15 hours every day, wherein the white light irradiation is carried out for 7 hours, then the warm light irradiation is carried out for 1 hour, and then the white light irradiation is carried out for 7 hours; starting normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the culture temperature is 19-20 ℃.
Preferably, the warm light is orange light.
Example 2
A method for adjusting the florescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat by utilizing illumination comprises the steps of seed selection, plug seedling and flowerpot planting, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) selection of seeds
Screening out dark brown seeds with full grains and good maturity; the seeds are implemented by selecting a variety 'grassland sunshine' of the golden chrysanthemum;
2) plug seedling
Sowing the seeds screened in the step 1) into a plug tray containing a seedling culture substrate for seedling culture; the seedling culture time is 4 weeks; raising seedlings in a greenhouse at the temperature of 19-25 ℃;
3) and the fixed planting of the flowerpot
Transplanting the seedlings which grow regularly and uniformly at the height of 6-10cm cultured in the step 2) into a flowerpot for field planting, and normally rejuvenating the seedlings in the first week after transplanting; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: the illumination is carried out for 17 hours every day, wherein the illumination is carried out for 15 hours by adopting white light, and the illumination is carried out for 2 hours by using warm light; observing normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the culture temperature is 24-25 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the main components of the culture medium are grass ash, vermiculite and perlite, and the ratio is 3: 3: 1.
preferably, in the step 3): the diameter of the flowerpot is 20cm, and the height of the flowerpot is 21 cm.
Preferably, the irradiation intensity of the lamp light in the step 3) is 150 Lux.
Preferably, the step 3) field planting is carried out, seedlings which grow uniformly at the culture height of 8-10cm in the step 2) are selected and transplanted in a flowerpot for field planting, and the seedlings are revived in the first week after transplantation; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: the illumination processing method comprises the following steps: performing 17-hour illumination every day, wherein white light illumination is performed for 7.5 hours, then warm light illumination is performed for 1.5 hours, and then white light illumination is performed for 8 hours; normal culture and seedling are started in the fourth week; thoroughly watering once in a seedling growing period, wherein the watering is thoroughly performed each time; the culture temperature is 24-25 ℃.
Preferably, the warm light is orange light.
Example 3
A method for adjusting the florescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat by utilizing illumination comprises the steps of seed selection, plug seedling and flowerpot planting, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) selection of seeds
Screening out dark brown seeds with full grains and good maturity; the seeds are implemented by selecting a variety of "taurultah golden yellow" of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat;
2) plug seedling
Sowing the seeds screened in the step 1) into a plug tray containing a seedling culture substrate for seedling culture; the seedling culture time is 4 weeks; raising seedlings in a greenhouse at the temperature of 21-22 ℃;
3) and the fixed planting of the flowerpot
Transplanting the seedlings which grow regularly and uniformly at the height of 7-9cm cultured in the step 2) into a flowerpot for field planting, and normally rejuvenating the seedlings in the first week after transplanting; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: carrying out 16-hour illumination every day, wherein the illumination is carried out for 14 hours by adopting white light, and the illumination is carried out for 2 hours by using warm light; observing normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the culture temperature is 21-22 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2), the main components of the culture medium are grass ash, vermiculite and perlite, and the ratio is 3: 3: 1.
preferably, in the step 3): the diameter of the flowerpot is 18cm, and the height of the flowerpot is 19 cm.
Preferably, the irradiation intensity of the lamp light in the step 3) is 150 Lux.
Preferably, the step 3) field planting is carried out, seedlings which grow uniformly at the culture height of 8-10cm in the step 2) are selected and transplanted in a flowerpot for field planting, and the seedlings are revived in the first week after transplantation; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps:
comparative example 1
Selecting a variety of "sonorant" of the golden aster for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 15 hours to 10 hours, in which 4.5 hours of white light irradiation, 1 hour of warm light irradiation, and 4.5 hours of white light irradiation were performed, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Selecting a variety of "sonorant" of the golden aster for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 15 hours to 13 hours, wherein 6 hours of white light irradiation, 1.5 hours of warm light irradiation, and 5.5 hours of white light irradiation were performed, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Selecting a variety of "sonorant" of the golden aster for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 15 hours to 18 hours, wherein 8 hours of white light irradiation, 2 hours of warm light irradiation, and 8 hours of white light irradiation were performed, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
Selecting a variety of 'grassland sunshine' of the golden chrysanthemum for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 17 hours to 10 hours, in which the white light irradiation was performed for 4.5 hours, then the warm light irradiation was performed for 1 hour, and then the white light irradiation was performed for 4.5 hours, and the rest was the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 5
Selecting a variety of 'grassland sunshine' of the golden chrysanthemum for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 17 hours to 13 hours, in which white light irradiation was performed for 6 hours, then warm light irradiation was performed for 1.5 hours, and then white light irradiation was performed for 5.5 hours, all other things being the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 6
Selecting a variety of 'grassland sunshine' of the golden chrysanthemum for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 17 hours to 18 hours, in which 8 hours of white light irradiation, 2 hours of warm light irradiation, and 8 hours of white light irradiation were performed, and the rest was the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 7
Selecting a variety of "taurultah golden yellow" of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 16 hours to 10 hours, in which the white light irradiation was performed for 4.5 hours, then the warm light irradiation was performed for 1 hour, and then the white light irradiation was performed for 4.5 hours, and the rest was the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 8
Selecting a variety of "taurultah golden yellow" of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 16 hours to 13 hours, wherein the white light irradiation was performed for 6 hours, then the warm light irradiation was performed for 1.5 hours, and then the white light irradiation was performed for 5.5 hours, all other things being the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 9
Selecting a variety of "taurultah golden yellow" of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat for implementation; the light irradiation time was changed from 16 hours to 18 hours, wherein 8 hours of white light irradiation, 2 hours of warm light irradiation, and 8 hours of white light irradiation were performed, and the rest was the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 10
Selecting a variety of "sonorant" of the golden aster for implementation; the light irradiation time was 15 hours, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 11
Selecting a variety of 'grassland sunshine' of the golden chrysanthemum for implementation; the illumination time of 17 hours was white light illumination, and the rest was the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 12
Selecting a variety of "taurultah golden yellow" of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat for implementation; the illumination time of 16 hours was white light illumination, and the rest was the same as in example 3.
Examples 1-3 the results of the experiments are shown in table 1; comparative examples 1 to 12 the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
The experimental results show that the growth and the flowering phase of the aurelia aurantiaca can be influenced by overlong and overlong illumination time; in addition, the invention firstly discovers that the color of the flower can be adjusted by selecting proper time and irradiating the golden chrysanthemum with warm color light, and then multiple tests verify reasonable irradiation time and irradiation time.
The application utilizes illumination adjustment, can effectively advance the florescence of the Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, has bright color and higher total flower number of plants, and can meet the requirements of the early market in China.
Seedling culture conditions are as follows: from the experimental results of tables 1-2, FIGS. 1-6, it can be seen that the most effective culture conditions under the same field management are; the temperature is 21-22 ℃, and the illumination period (white light: warm light: white light) is 7h:2h:7 h.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for adjusting the florescence of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat by utilizing illumination is characterized by comprising the steps of seed selection, plug seedling and flowerpot planting, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) selection of seeds
Screening out dark brown seeds with full grains and good maturity;
2) plug seedling
Sowing the seeds screened in the step 1) into a plug tray containing a seedling culture substrate for seedling culture; the seedling culture time is 4 weeks; raising seedlings in a greenhouse at the temperature of 19-25 ℃;
3) and the fixed planting of the flowerpot
Transplanting the seedlings which grow regularly and uniformly at the height of 6-10cm cultured in the step 2) into a flowerpot for field planting, and normally rejuvenating the seedlings in the first week after transplanting; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: illuminating for 15-17 hours every day, wherein the illuminating comprises illuminating for 14-15 hours by white light and illuminating for 1-2 hours by warm light; observing normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the culture temperature is 19-25 ℃.
2. The method for regulating golden chrysanthemum flowering time using light according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the main components of the culture medium are grass ash, vermiculite and perlite, and the ratio is 3: 3: 1.
3. the method for regulating golden chrysanthemum flowering time using light according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3): the diameter of the flowerpot is 15-20cm, and the height of the flowerpot is 16-21 cm.
4. The method for regulating golden chrysanthemum flowering time using light according to claim 1, wherein: the irradiation intensity of the lamplight in the step 3) is 150 Lux.
5. The method for regulating golden chrysanthemum flowering time using light according to claim 1, wherein: the step 3) field planting, namely selecting seedlings which grow uniformly at the culture height of 6-10cm in the step 2) and transplanting the seedlings into a flowerpot for field planting, and rejuvenating the seedlings in the first week after transplanting; and starting to perform light treatment in the second week and the third week, wherein the light treatment method comprises the following steps: carrying out 16-hour illumination every day, wherein white light illumination for 7 hours is firstly carried out, then warm light illumination for 2 hours is carried out, and then white light illumination for 7 hours is carried out; starting normal growth in the fourth week; thoroughly drying and watering during seedling culture; the incubation temperature was 22 ℃.
6. The method for regulating golden chrysanthemum flowering time using light according to claim 5, wherein: the warm light is orange light.
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| US4788793A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1988-12-06 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Method of inhibiting premature budding of short-day floral crops |
| JP2004097082A (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-04-02 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Method for promoting flowering in flowering plant |
| JP2009136155A (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2009-06-25 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Short-day treatment method for plant, and light-illuminating device in plant cultivation |
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