CN1137419A - 用于处理粒状物料的塔式反应器 - Google Patents

用于处理粒状物料的塔式反应器 Download PDF

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CN1137419A
CN1137419A CN96105511A CN96105511A CN1137419A CN 1137419 A CN1137419 A CN 1137419A CN 96105511 A CN96105511 A CN 96105511A CN 96105511 A CN96105511 A CN 96105511A CN 1137419 A CN1137419 A CN 1137419A
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inner member
tower reactor
reactor
described tower
shell
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CN1089628C (zh
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M·迈耶
C·波勒
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Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1433—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material
    • F26B17/1441—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material the members or bodies being stationary, e.g. fixed panels, baffles, grids, the position of which may be adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
    • B01J8/12—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by gravity in a downward flow

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于处理松散物料、包括粒状松散物料的塔式反应器，尤其适用于在固相连续地补充缩合PET、PEN或PA。任务在于通过容易加工的内构件在反应器中实现均匀的产物流并降低装料压力，而不显著降低反应器的有效容积。解决方案是在反应器中安装至少由一个环(5)和多个肋(6)构成的内构件。

Description

用于处理粒状物料的塔式反应器
本发明涉及一种权利要求1前序部分所述用于处理粒状物料的塔式反应器，尤其是用于在固体相中补充缩合聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)或聚酰胺(PA)(SSP-法)的反应器，但该反应器也可用于干燥其它封闭的颗粒状松散物料。
PET结晶和补充缩合的方法及设备是众所周知的。PET的补充缩合通常在高于200℃的温度下于合适的反应器或干燥器中在固相中进行许多小时。困难在于要在尽可能低的能耗和设备投资条件下达到尽可能高的高质量聚酯的生产能力。工艺气体应均匀地加热聚酯颗粒，并在避免粘结的情况下排出反应产物如EG、水等。
为了实现尽可能均匀的逆流气流，常常在预热器中配设屋顶内构件，起到匀化产物流和降低装料压力(Schiittdruck)的作用，如在DE-A-4300913中所描述的那样。
这种屋顶式干燥器的加工费用相当高。
DE-C-2753549描述了一种在塔式反应器中的移动床中进行的无粘结SSP法。这里在反应器内部垂直于反应器壁设置了水平的网状筛线编织物。丝织物的网眼大小为颗粒大小的4-6倍。聚合物颗粒的易粘接性、移动速度和反应温度决定了两层织物之间的距离。
该筛丝织物可为棋盘式交变或星形结构。然而，这种解决方案的缺点是产物在反应器中常向一侧沉降及停留时间不均匀。
而且，这种方案的加工成本也很高，且织物必须按聚合物材料的要求决定。所有传统的渗滤件、锥形物(Konen)等都会降低反应器的有效容积。
因此，本发明的任务是，进一步改进这类塔式反应器，使之通过容易加工的通用构件在很小的装料压力(Schülttdruck)(卸压)下，实现均匀的产物流，且基本上不降低有效容积。
该任务由权利要求1的特征部分所完成。
根据本发明，建议设置与反应器壁同心的环形内构件，该构件由夹持元件(肋)与轴同心地固定。两个内构件之间的轴向距离可以相同或者不同。
环形内构件的形状既可以是单环，也可以是双环。可能的内构件可以具有圆形、多边形或其它截面形状。
聚合物颗粒在反应器壁和内构件上有较大的摩擦已证明是有利的，这样可以明显地降低装料压力。同时，为了实现匀化，产物流被逐级中断，这会使得气流更加均匀，从而有利于径向的温度分布。
内构件的高度和顺序可依赖于生产能力和其它因素而改变。在至少一个内构件处发生降压区与平衡区的变换。
该方法可以灵活地操作(例如生产能力和温度可以改变)，由于内构件改进了稳定性，从而可以制造较大直径的反应器。基于本发明的内构件，该反应器例如可在高温下覆盖较大的产量范围(产量既可以较小也可以较大)。
下面借助于附图所示的一个实施例进一步解释本发明。其中：
图1表示纵向剖开的一个塔式反应器；
图2是图1中A-A剖面；
图3是本发明内构件的一种变型；
图4是内构件的其它变型(a-g)。
塔式反应器1由一个基本上为筒状的密闭外壳2构成，带有待处理产物的一个入口3和一个出口4以及反应气体的进口管8和出口管9。
内构件垂直地固定在壳2的内壁上，它由一个环5及两个或多个肋6构成。环5和肋6的上缘和下缘7的有例如30°的倒角。
内构件彼此以一定的间隔分开安装。内构件之间的轴向间距可相同或不同。
反应器直径约为3.2m。内构件的直径可相同或不同。
在相对于空的反应器进行各种平衡及定位时，内构件的高度为0.5-8.0m，优选1.0-3.0m，其中该高度优选沿产物下降方向而增高。
该塔式反应器1和内构件均由常见的材料制成，由材料决定可用的连接及内构件安装方法。
              符号表
1  塔式反应器
2  外壳
3  入口
4  出口
5  环
6  肋
7  边缘
8  进口管
9  出口管

Claims (9)

1.用于处理粒状物料的塔式反应器，尤其适用于在固相中补充缩合聚对苯二甲酸乙酯、聚萘二甲酸乙酯和聚酰胺，具有用于产物和反应气体的至少各一个入口和一个出口，该塔式反应器在圆筒状外壳(2)的内部有构件，其特征在于，内构件由一个环(5)和分布安装的肋(6)构成，由肋(6)将环(5)以距外壳(2)内壁相同的距离固定住。
2.权利要求1所述的塔式反应器，其特征是，与轴同心地先后设置至少两个内构件。
3.权利要求1和2所述的塔式反应器，其特征是，各内构件具有空心圆筒或双环形式的两个环(5)。
4.权利要求1所述的塔式反应器，其特征在于，环(5)和夹持元件(6)的上下缘(7)均有倒角。
5.权利要求1和3所述的塔式反应器，其特征是，一系列环(5)的直径相同或不同。
6.权利要求1所述的塔式反应器，其特征是，内构件的高度在产物的下降方向相同或不同，优选递增。
7.权利要求1所的塔式反应器，其特征是，内构件是多边形或多角形。
8.权利要求1所述的塔式反应器，其特征是，内构件的高度为0.5-8.0m，优选1.0-3.0m。
9.用于处理粒状松散物料的塔式反应器，尤其适用于在固相中补充缩合聚对苯二甲酸乙酯和聚酰胺，具有用于产物和反应气体的至少各一个入口和一个出口，该塔式反应器在圆筒状外壳(2)的内部有内构件，其特征是，内构件由距外壳(2)内壁距离相同的肋(6)构成。
CN96105511A 1995-02-16 1996-02-16 用于处理粒状物料的塔式反应器 Expired - Fee Related CN1089628C (zh)

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CH00448/95 1995-02-16
CH00448/95A CH689284A5 (de) 1995-02-16 1995-02-16 Schachtreaktor zur Behandlung von Schuettgut.

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CN100575387C (zh) * 2003-01-15 2009-12-30 沃姆化学制药有限公司 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯固相聚合的方法

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DE10054240A1 (de) * 2000-11-02 2002-05-08 Buehler Ag Schachtreaktor mit begastem Auslauf-Konus
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US6010667A (en) 2000-01-04
CH689284A5 (de) 1999-01-29
KR0177559B1 (ko) 1999-02-18
CN1089628C (zh) 2002-08-28
KR960031948A (ko) 1996-09-17

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