CN113736052A - 一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113736052A CN113736052A CN202111164407.4A CN202111164407A CN113736052A CN 113736052 A CN113736052 A CN 113736052A CN 202111164407 A CN202111164407 A CN 202111164407A CN 113736052 A CN113736052 A CN 113736052A
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- diluent
- combination
- surfactant
- polyol
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- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 alicyclic amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DLFDEDJIVYYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound Br.CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C DLFDEDJIVYYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KKUKTXOBAWVSHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylphosphate Chemical compound COP(O)(=O)OC KKUKTXOBAWVSHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080236 sodium cetyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QLSQYTKEUVPIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-aminopropan-2-ylamino)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(C)NCCO QLSQYTKEUVPIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LSYBWANTZYUTGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl-methylamino]ethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCO LSYBWANTZYUTGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVQQDRKJYFPRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,2-diaminoethoxy)-2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound NC(COC(C(O)(C)C)C)N LVQQDRKJYFPRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-O N-dimethylethanolamine Chemical compound C[NH+](C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YYQRGCZGSFRBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclofos Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl YYQRGCZGSFRBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UCQFCFPECQILOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(O)(=O)OCC UCQFCFPECQILOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012971 dimethylpiperazine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SKCNNQDRNPQEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n,n'-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN(C)CCCN(C)C SKCNNQDRNPQEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004300 potassium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940103091 potassium benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010235 potassium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Substances CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAYGWWIUFQDBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium pyridine acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].[Na+].N1=CC=CC=C1 ZAYGWWIUFQDBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940104261 taurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001147 triclofos Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.[Na] Chemical compound C.[Na] CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1CCOCCN1CCOCC1 ZMSQJSMSLXVTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroacetyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)=O VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料及其制备方法,包括白料和黑料,按重量百分比计,白料包括:多元醇60~84%、稀释剂4~5%、二氧化碳吸收剂10~35%、催化剂0.01‑3%、可溶性盐0.05‑1%、表面活性剂0.01~2%、交联剂0.01~1.5%、扩链剂0.01~3%;黑料包括:异氰酸酯60‑95%、稀释剂为4‑38%、阻聚剂0.01‑2%。本发明材料具有良好的力学性能及渗透性,经检测粘结强度达到3~10MPa,剪切强度达到3‑10MPa,压缩强度达到20~70MPa,扩散半径为1~5m,适合的裂缝缝隙为0.1mm以上,特别适合高台阶边坡加固,因此,本发明有效解决了聚氨酯加固材料流动性、成本高以及遇水膨胀的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料制备的技术领域,特别涉及一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国露天煤矿产能与数量的不断增加,相应的边坡稳定性问题日益凸显,直接影响露天煤矿安全生产与经济效益。
露天矿高台阶边坡崩塌、滑坡等稳定性问题,是露天矿开采过程中的常见问题,处理不当易造成作业人员与设备损伤。在自重、降雨及爆破震动的作用下,片帮垮落现象频繁发生,严重危及高台阶顶部作业的钻机、底部电铲卡车及人员生命安全。随着开采深度增加,高台阶片帮问题愈发严重,越来越多的影响到开采效率以及开采安全。
高台阶边坡加固问题已经成为露天矿开采领域一项技术难题,而以往的治理方式如锚杆、锚索等造价高,时效性差,经济成本不理想。传统灌注水泥砂浆的方式尽管能够取到一定的加固效果,但由于水泥砂浆流动性差,扩散半径小,固化时间长,注浆实施难度较大,尤其不适合紧急情况的快速加固。若能够寻求一种有效提高破碎岩体整体强度(完整性),且扩散性能好,加固速度快的,加固强度和水泥砂浆相当或超过水泥砂浆的化学加固材料,是有效抑制高台阶岩石垮落、保障未来露天煤矿安全平稳度过陷落带区域、缩短采煤周期提高开采效率的新途径。
在化学注浆材料中,聚氨酯注浆材料具有粘度适中、固结体抗压强度高、抗渗性能好等优点,并且聚氨酯注浆材料质量轻、导热系数低、耐化学腐蚀。因此,在环氧树脂、脲醛树脂、丙烯酰胺等众多化学注浆材料中独占鳌头。目前聚氨酯注浆材料不但用于地下工程的渗漏缝处理,而且在井下煤矿工程中获得了广泛的使用。然而聚氨酯注浆材料在露天矿高台阶裂缝加固却几乎没有应用,这主要是基于以下三方面因素:一是露天矿高台阶裂缝属于开放空间,聚氨酯注浆材料粘度较高,不能保证足够的注浆压力,从而导致注浆扩散距离小;二是裂缝中不可避免的有水分的存在,聚氨酯材料遇水会产生二氧化碳发生膨胀,一旦发生膨胀可能带来裂缝宽度增大,促进滑坡进行而带来安全隐患;三是聚氨酯材料本身成本高不适合大规模注浆。
CN202010609031.2一种用于土体防渗加固的渗透胶结型聚氨酯注浆材料,原料分为A、B组分,组分A由以下质量份的原料组成:亲水低粘聚醚多元醇40~60份,渗透稀释剂35~55份,表面活性剂0.5~5份,催化剂0.1~2份;组分B由以下质量份的原料组成:异氰酸酯50~85份,渗透稀释剂5~30,阻燃剂5~35份。渗透胶结型聚氨酯注浆材料具有低粘度,强渗透性,力学强度高,耐化学腐蚀性强,固结效果好等优点,完全满足土层防渗加固应用。但其中需加入较多的阻燃剂,提高了成本,且其注浆扩散距离仍然不适合高台阶边坡加固。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料,包括白料和黑料,其中,按重量百分比计,
白料包括:多元醇60~84%、稀释剂4~5%、二氧化碳吸收剂10~35%、催化剂0.01-3%、可溶性盐0.05-1%、表面活性剂0.01~2%、交联剂0.01~1.5%、扩链剂0.01~3%;
黑料包括:异氰酸酯60-95%、稀释剂为4-38%、阻聚剂0.01-2%;
所述的多元醇为聚醚多元醇或者聚酯多元醇中的一种或者多种组合;
所述的稀释剂为酮类、芳香烃类、砜类、醚类、醋酸酯类、磷酸酯类中的一种或者几种的组合;
所述的二氧化碳吸收剂为碱性吸收剂和具有丰富微孔型吸附材料;
所述的催化剂为脂肪胺类、脂环胺类、芳香胺类和醇胺类及铵盐类,以及铅、锡、钛、锑、汞、锌、铋、锆、铝等的烷基化合物及羧酸盐中的一种或几种组合;
所述的可溶性盐为有机物可溶性盐。
所述的异氰酸酯为TDI、MDI、HDI和PAPI中的一种或几种组合。
进一步地,白料包括:多元醇60~84%、稀释剂5%、二氧化碳吸收剂10~34.91%、催化剂0.01-0.2%、可溶性盐0.05-0.4%、表面活性剂0.1~1%、交联剂0.2~1%、扩链剂0.1~1.5%;
优选地,黑料包括:异氰酸酯60-95%、稀释剂为4-38%、阻聚剂0.2-2%。
进一步地,所述的聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇官能度大于等于3。
进一步地,所述多元醇优选地羟值为300~500mgKOH/g,粘度为1500-12000mPa.s。
进一步地,所述的稀释剂优选乙酸乙酯、磷酸二甲酯、磷酸二乙酯、磷酸三氯乙酯、二甲亚砜、二氯甲烷、甲苯、乙二醇单乙醚、丙酮、甲乙酮中的一种或者几种组合。
进一步地,所述的二氧化碳吸收剂为氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化钙、蒙脱土、硅藻土、活性炭、分子筛中的一种或者几种组合。
进一步地,所述的催化剂优选双吗啉二乙基醚、N-甲基吗啉、N-乙基吗啉、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺、辛酸亚锡、四甲基乙二胺、四甲基丙二胺、四甲基二丙烯三胺、羟乙基亚丙基二胺、双(二甲氨丙基)甲胺、三甲基羟乙基双氨乙基醚、二甲基哌嗪、三乙烯二胺、双(二甲氨基乙基)醚、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、五甲基二乙烯三胺、双吗啉二乙基醚、二月桂酸二丁基锡、四甲基乙二胺中的一种或者几种组合。
进一步地,所述的可溶性盐优选六氟磷酸锂、六氟磷酸钠、高氯酸锂、高氯酸钠、苯甲酸钾、醋酸钾、醋酸钠、溴化四丁基铵、乙酸吡啶钠、甲基钠、甲磺酸四正丁胺、氯化四正丁胺、三乙基铵六氟磷酸钠中的一种或几种组合。
进一步地,所述的表面活性剂为离子型表面活性剂(包括阳离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂)、非离子型表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂。优选为十二烷基硫酸钠、十六醇硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基二甲基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、脂肪醇羟乙基磺酸钠、椰子酰甲基牛磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸钠、十二烷基磷酯酯三乙醇胺、脂肪醇醚硫酸钠、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、吐温中的一种或几种组合。
进一步地,所述的交联剂为甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、乙醇胺、双-2-(羟丙基)苯胺中的一种或几种组合。
进一步地,所述的扩链剂为乙二醇、1.3-丙二醇、1.4-丁二醇、2.3-丁二醇、1.4-丁二醇、1.4-二羟基丁烷、1.5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1.4-四甲基乙二醇、一缩二乙二醇中的一种或几种的组合。
进一步地,所述的阻聚剂为无机酸(盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸)、有机酸(草酸、醋酸乙酸、苯磺酸、羟基乙酸、柠檬酸、乙二胺四乙酸)或酰氯(乙酰氯、苯甲酰氯、草酰氯、氯乙酰氯、三氯乙酰氯)。
进一步地,所述白料与黑料体积比为1:1,有利于现场施工。
本发明聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:在搅拌状态下依次加入多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,搅拌2-5h,得到白料。
在搅拌状态下依次加入异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,搅拌2-5h,得到黑料。
最终将白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
按照上述顺序加料更有利于成分的互溶,减少搅拌时间。
本发明提供的方法具有以下的有益效果:
本发明的一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料,有效解决了聚氨酯加固材料流动性、成本高以及遇水膨胀的问题。
本发明的一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料制备方法简单,易于实现产业化,在露天矿边坡加固领域必将有广阔的应用前景。所采用的主要原料为工业化材料且为聚氨酯原材料中的廉价原料,资源丰富并且价格低廉。并且,本发明所采用的二氧化碳吸收剂能够解决因裂缝中不可避免的水的存在而引起的体积膨胀,且价格低廉,二氧化碳的吸附量大;本发明所采用的可溶性盐能够溶于有机溶剂中,形成溶剂化离子,有助于反应的进行,同时对加固材料的渗透性有一定的帮助;本发明所采用的表面活性剂有利于二氧化碳吸收剂和聚醚多元醇的相容性良好,有助于加固材料的进一步渗透。通过稀释剂、催化剂以及阻聚剂进行调控,可改善聚氨酯加固材料流动性。
本发明制备的一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料经检测粘结强度达到3~10MPa,剪切强度达到3-10MPa,压缩强度达到20~70MPa,扩散半径为1~5m,适合的裂缝缝隙为0.1mm以上,具有良好的力学性能及渗透性,特别适合高台阶边坡加固。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容。
下述实施例可参照中华人民共和国安全行业标准,AQ1089-2011,其余未特别说明的均按国标或者本领域常规方式进行表征。
若无特殊说明,下述实施例中采用的原料均来源于市售工业级原料。
本发明实施例提供的一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料,其制备包括如下步骤:
按照顺序依次称量多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌2-5h,得到白料;
其中,白料包括:多元醇60~84%、稀释剂4~5%、二氧化碳吸收剂10~35%、催化剂0.01-3%、可溶性盐0.05-1%、表面活性剂0.01~2%、交联剂0.01~1.5%、扩链剂0.01~3%;
按照顺序依次称量依次加入异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,搅拌2-5h,得到黑料;
其中,黑料包括:异氰酸酯60-95%、稀释剂为4-38%、阻聚剂0.01-2%;
再将上述白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
实施例1
白料包括:聚醚多元醇380,羟值为380mgKOH/g,粘度为11500mPa.s,质量为白料总质量的60%;
稀释剂乙酸乙酯为白料总质量的5%;
二氧化碳吸收剂氢氧化钾为白料总质量的34.91%;
催化剂双吗啉二乙基醚为白料总质量的0.01%;
可溶性盐六氟磷酸锂为白料总质量的0.05%;
表面活性剂十六醇硫酸钠0.01%;
交联剂甘油0.01%;
扩链剂乙二醇0.01%。
黑料包括:MDI为黑料总质量的60%;
稀释剂为黑料总质量的38%;
阻聚剂为黑料总质量的2%。
制备步骤为:白料按照顺序依次称量多元醇、稀释剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂及可溶性盐,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
黑料按照顺序依次称量异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
最终将上述白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
经检测本实施例加固材料粘结强度达到3MPa,剪切强度达到3MPa,压缩强度达到20MPa,扩散半径为4.5m。
实施例2
白料包括:聚醚多元醇4110,羟值为460mgKOH/g,粘度为7000mPa.s,质量为白料总质量的84%;
稀释剂磷酸二甲酯为白料总质量的5%;
二氧化碳吸收剂氢氧化钠为白料总质量的10%;
催化剂N-甲基吗啉为白料总质量的0.2%;
可溶性盐六氟磷酸钠为白料总质量的0.4%;
表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠为白料总质量的0.1%;
交联剂三羟甲基丙烷为白料总质量的0.2%;
扩链剂1.4-丁二醇为白料总质量的0.1%;
黑料包括:PAPI为黑料总质量的95%;
稀释剂磷酸二甲酯为黑料总质量的4.8%;
阻聚剂磷酸为黑料总质量的0.2%。
制备步骤为:白料按照顺序依次称量多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
黑料按照顺序依次称量异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
最终将白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
经检测其粘结强度达到10MPa,剪切强度达到10MPa,压缩强度达到70MPa,扩散半径为2.5m。
实施例3
白料包括:聚醚多元醇480,羟值为460mgKOH/g,粘度为12000mPa.s,质量为白料总质量的70%;
稀释剂丙酮为白料总质量的5%;
二氧化碳吸收剂分子筛为白料总质量的20%;
催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡为白料总质量的0.5%;
可溶性盐乙酸吡啶钠为白料总质量的1%;
表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基溴化铵为白料总质量的1%;
交联剂三乙醇胺为白料总质量的1%;
扩链剂1,6-己二醇为白料总质量的1.5%;
黑料包括:TDI为黑料总质量的85%;
稀释剂丙酮为黑料总质量的13%;
阻聚剂苯甲酰氯为黑料总质量的2%。
制备步骤为:白料按照顺序依次称量多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
黑料按照顺序依次称量异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
最终将白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
经检测加固材料粘结强度达到6MPa,剪切强度达到8MPa,压缩强度达到40MPa,扩散半径为4m。
对比例1
白料包括:聚醚多元醇480,羟值为460mgKOH/g,粘度为12000mPa.s,质量为白料总质量的40%;
稀释剂丙酮为白料总质量的5%;
二氧化碳吸收剂分子筛为白料总质量的50%;
催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡为白料总质量的1%;
可溶性盐乙酸吡啶钠为白料总质量的1%;
表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基溴化铵为白料总质量的1%;
交联剂三乙醇胺为白料总质量的1%;
扩链剂1,6-己二醇为白料总质量的1%;
黑料包括:TDI为黑料总质量的85%;
稀释剂丙酮为黑料总质量的13%;
阻聚剂苯甲酰氯为黑料总质量的2%。
制备步骤为:白料按照顺序依次称量多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
黑料按照顺序依次称量异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
最终将白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
经检测其粘结强度达到2MPa,剪切强度达到1MPa,压缩强度达到10MPa,扩散半径为0.5m。
经对比,对比例1中聚醚多元醇与二氧化碳吸收剂不在本发明实施例优选的数值范围内,其各项强度变差,且扩散半径变小,由此可见,二氧化碳吸收剂的用量具有一定的限制范围,并不是越多越好,本发明实施例二氧化碳吸收剂和聚醚多元醇之间优选的比例范围使得两者之间具有较好的相容性。
对比例2
白料包括:聚醚多元醇480,羟值为460mgKOH/g,粘度为12000mPa.s,质量为白料总质量的70%;
稀释剂丙酮为白料总质量的5%;
二氧化碳吸收剂分子筛为白料总质量的20%;
催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡为白料总质量的0.5%;
可溶性盐乙酸吡啶钠为白料总质量的2%;
表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基溴化铵为白料总质量的1%;
交联剂三乙醇胺为白料总质量的1%;
扩链剂1,6-己二醇为白料总质量的0.5%;
黑料包括:TDI为黑料总质量的85%;
稀释剂丙酮为黑料总质量的13%;
阻聚剂苯甲酰氯为黑料总质量的2%。
制备步骤为:白料按照顺序依次称量多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
黑料按照顺序依次称量异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,边搅拌边添加,搅拌3h。
最终将白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行充分混合注浆,得到加固材料。
经检测加固材料粘结强度达到2.5MPa,剪切强度达到2MPa,压缩强度达到45MPa,扩散半径为0.9m。
对比例2中可溶性盐不在本发明实施例优选的数值范围内,其扩散半径较小,由此证明,可溶性盐及其用量优选对加固材料的渗透性有一定的帮助。
本发明的目的和/或方案将以优选实施方式的形式给出。对这些实施方式的说明是用于对本发明的理解,而非限制可行的其他实施方式,这些其他实施方式可由对本发明的实践得知。
Claims (10)
1.一种聚氨酯基露天矿高台阶边坡加固材料,包括白料和黑料,其特征在于:按重量百分比计,
白料包括:多元醇60~84%、稀释剂4~5%、二氧化碳吸收剂10~35%、催化剂0.01-3%、可溶性盐0.05-1%、表面活性剂0.01~2%、交联剂0.01~1.5%、扩链剂0.01~3%;
黑料包括:异氰酸酯60-95%、稀释剂为4-38%、阻聚剂0.01-2%;
所述的多元醇为聚醚多元醇或者聚酯多元醇中的一种或者多种组合;
所述的稀释剂为酮类、芳香烃类、砜类、醚类、醋酸酯类、磷酸酯类中的一种或者几种的组合;
所述的二氧化碳吸收剂为碱性吸收剂或具有丰富微孔型吸附材料;
所述的催化剂为脂肪胺类、脂环胺类、芳香胺类、醇胺类及铵盐类,以及铅、锡、钛、锑、汞、锌、铋、锆、铝的烷基化合物及羧酸盐中的一种或几种组合;
所述的可溶性盐为有机物可溶性盐;
所述的异氰酸酯为TDI、MDI、HDI和PAPI中的一种或几种组合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加固材料,其特征在于:优选地,
白料包括:多元醇60~84%、稀释剂5%、二氧化碳吸收剂10~34.91%、催化剂0.01-0.2%、可溶性盐0.05-0.4%、表面活性剂0.1~1%、交联剂0.2~1%、扩链剂0.1~1.5%;
黑料包括:异氰酸酯60-95%、稀释剂为4-38%、阻聚剂0.2-2%。
所述白料与黑料的体积比为1:1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇官能度大于等于3;
所述多元醇羟值为300~500mgKOH/g,粘度为1500-12000mPa.s。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的稀释剂优选乙酸乙酯、磷酸二甲酯、磷酸二乙酯、磷酸三氯乙酯、二甲亚砜、二氯甲烷、甲苯、乙二醇单乙醚、丙酮、甲乙酮中的一种或者几种组合;和/或,
所述的二氧化碳吸收剂优选为氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化钙、蒙脱土、硅藻土、活性炭、分子筛中的一种或者几种组合;和/或,
所述的催化剂优选双吗啉二乙基醚、N-甲基吗啉、N-乙基吗啉、三甲基羟乙基乙二胺、辛酸亚锡、四甲基乙二胺、四甲基丙二胺、四甲基二丙烯三胺、羟乙基亚丙基二胺、双(二甲氨丙基)甲胺、三甲基羟乙基双氨乙基醚、二甲基哌嗪、三乙烯二胺、双(二甲氨基乙基)醚、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、五甲基二乙烯三胺、双吗啉二乙基醚、二月桂酸二丁基锡、四甲基乙二胺中的一种或者几种组合;和/或,
所述的可溶性盐优选六氟磷酸锂、六氟磷酸钠、高氯酸锂、高氯酸钠、苯甲酸钾、醋酸钾、醋酸钠、溴化四丁基铵、乙酸吡啶钠、甲基钠、甲磺酸四正丁胺、氯化四正丁胺、三乙基铵六氟磷酸钠中的一种或几种组合。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的表面活性剂为离子型表面活性剂、非离子型表面活性剂及两性表面活性剂中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、十六醇硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基二甲基溴化铵、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、脂肪醇羟乙基磺酸钠、椰子酰甲基牛磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚羧酸钠、十二烷基磷酯酯三乙醇胺、脂肪醇醚硫酸钠、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸钠、吐温中的一种或几种组合。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的交联剂为甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、乙醇胺、双-2-(羟丙基)苯胺中的一种或几种组合;和/或,
所述的扩链剂为乙二醇、1.3-丙二醇、1.4-丁二醇、2.3-丁二醇、1.4-丁二醇、1.4-二羟基丁烷、1.5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1.4-四甲基乙二醇、一缩二乙二醇中的一种或几种的组合。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的阻聚剂为无机酸、有机酸或酰氯。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的加固材料,其特征在于:所述的异氰酸酯为TDI、MDI、HDI和PAPI中的一种或几种组合。
10.如权利要求1-9任一项所述加固材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
在搅拌状态下依次加入多元醇、稀释剂、表面活性剂、二氧化碳吸收剂、催化剂、可溶性盐、交联剂及扩链剂,搅拌2-5h,得到白料。
在搅拌状态下依次加入异氰酸酯、阻聚剂及稀释剂,搅拌2-5h,得到黑料。
再将白料和黑料按照体积比1:1进行混合注浆,得到加固材料。
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