CN113699472A - Method for regulating residual stress of bearing frame of aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling - Google Patents
Method for regulating residual stress of bearing frame of aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling residual stress of a bearing frame of an aluminum alloy engine by electromagnetic coupling, which relates to the technical field of engine part processing and comprises the steps of carrying out dynamic electromagnetic coupling processing on a blank, rough processing, semi-finishing and finishing stages of the bearing frame by adopting different electromagnetic parameters, providing energy for electronic transition by means of stress strain generated under the coupling action of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field and an electromagnetic field, and rearranging to slow down or reduce lattice distortion, finally realizing effective regulation and control on residual stress caused by material forming and processing in the four stages, reducing residual tensile stress and residual compressive stress at the same time, improving the yield of the bearing frame and prolonging the service life of the bearing frame; meanwhile, the force bearing frame is dynamically moved to prevent the transformation of internal tissues caused by overhigh temperature of the central area of the electromagnetic treatment, and the influence on the mechanical property of the material is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine part processing, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling residual stress of a bearing frame of an aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling.
Background
The engine bearing frame is a main bearing part of an aircraft engine, needs to bear the action of loads such as pneumatics, temperature, inertia force, rotor external transmission vibration and the like, and has the characteristics of complex structural stress and important function. Residual compressive stress and residual tensile stress which are distributed unevenly can be introduced into the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine in the cutting process, and particularly in the rough machining and semi-finishing processes, the yield of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine is low, and the service life is short. The adjustment and control of the residual stress of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine become a key step for producing qualified bearing frames of engines in China.
The existing method for regulating and controlling residual stress comprises an aging method, a natural aging method, a heat treatment aging method, a vibration aging method and the like, but the aging method has long time consumption and poor effect in regulating and controlling the residual stress; in the mechanical method, shot blasting can only reduce residual tensile stress and induce residual compressive stress, so that the method has limitation in regulating and controlling the residual compressive stress; the ultrasonic impact is utilized to reduce the residual stress at the current home and abroad at the starting stage, the mechanism is unknown, and the ultrasonic impact cannot be applied in a mature way; the laser shock method is similar to the shot blasting and can only improve the surface stress state of the material, and the generated residual compressive stress has a saturation value. In comprehensive comparison, the traditional residual stress regulation and control method has the problems of long time consumption, high cost, poor regulation and control effect caused by regulation and control limitation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of a bearing frame of an aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling, and solves the problems of long time consumption and poor regulating and controlling effect of the method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a dynamic processing track of the electrode relative to the bearing frame according to the shape of the bearing frame and the contact area of the electrode contact head, and enabling the dynamic processing track to completely cover the whole bearing frame;
s2, placing the bearing frame blank in a double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device for primary electromagnetic coupling treatment, wherein the pulse magnetic field strength is B1The pulse current intensity is A1And the double-electrode contact is V1Moving on the bearing frame blank along the dynamic processing track, B1＝0.5T～3T，A1＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V1＝0.1mm/s～2mm/s；
S3, roughly processing the bearing frame blank to form a bearing frame rough processing piece;
s4, performing secondary electromagnetic coupling treatment on the rough machined part of the bearing frame, wherein the pulse magnetic field strength is B2The pulse current intensity is A2And the double-electrode contact is V2Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the force-bearing frame rough workpiece along a dynamic processing track, and B2>B1，A2>A1，V2<V1，B2＝0.5T～3T，A2＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V2＝0.1mm/s～2mm/s；
S5, performing semi-finishing on the bearing frame rough machining part to form a bearing frame semi-finished machining part;
s6, performing third electromagnetic coupling treatment on the semi-finished part of the bearing frame, wherein the pulse magnetic field intensity is B3The pulse current intensity is A3And the double-electrode contact is V3Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the bearing frame semi-finished part along a dynamic processing track, and B3>B2，A3>A2，V3<V2，B3＝0.5T～3T，A3＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V3＝0.1mm/s～2mm/s；
S7, carrying out finish machining on the semi-finished part of the bearing frame to form a bearing frame finished part;
s8, performing fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment on the bearing frame finished part, wherein the pulse magnetic field intensity is B4The pulse current intensity is A4And the double-electrode contact is V4Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the bearing frame finished part along a dynamic processing track, and B4>B3，A4>A3，V4<V3，B4＝0.5T～3T，A4＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V4And (3) forming a bearing frame finished product, wherein the thickness of the bearing frame finished product is 0.1-2 mm/s.
Further, the method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine by electromagnetic coupling further comprises the following steps:
after the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment and the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment, correspondingly detecting residual stress of a plurality of test points on a bearing frame blank, a bearing frame rough machined part, a bearing frame semi-finished machined part, a bearing frame finished machined part and a bearing frame finished part, wherein the test points are positioned on the dynamic treatment track, and the positions of the test points in the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment are the same.
Furthermore, in the four electromagnetic coupling treatment processes, the pulse magnetic field and the pulse current simultaneously act on the force bearing frame.
Further, from the first electromagnetic coupling process, the second electromagnetic coupling process, the third electromagnetic coupling process to the fourth electromagnetic coupling process, the pulse magnetic field strength gradually increases and each increase Δ B becomes 0.1T to 0.4T.
Further, from the first electromagnetic coupling process, the second electromagnetic coupling process, the third electromagnetic coupling process to the fourth electromagnetic coupling process, the pulse current intensity gradually increases and the increase Δ a becomes 1.0A to 2.5A for each time.
Furthermore, in the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment and the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment, the bearing frame is moved to gradually reduce the moving speed of the double-electrode contact relative to the bearing frame, and the reduction amount delta V is 0.1 mm/s-0.6 mm/s each time.
Further, the method for designing the dynamic processing trajectory in step S1 includes:
the bearing frame is divided into a plurality of processing units along the axial direction or the circumferential direction, the width of each processing unit is equal to the width of the electrode contact in the corresponding direction, and the dynamic processing track comprises processing lines extending along the equal division line of each processing unit and connecting lines connecting the processing lines on the adjacent processing units.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the four stages of blank, rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing of the bearing frame are all processed by electromagnetic coupling, on one hand, by means of the stress strain generated under the coupling action of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field, the stress strain source comprises electromagnetic force, thermal stress and the like, so that the material defects move and interact, further, the material defects in the crystal boundary and the crystal are uniformly distributed and the lattice distortion is slowed down, on the other hand, the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field provide enough energy for the transition of electrons, the change of the electrons can cause the atom rearrangement phenomenon, so that the atom arrangement presents a normalization trend, therefore, lattice distortion is reduced, effective regulation and control of residual stress caused by material forming and processing in the four stages are finally realized, the residual tensile stress and the residual compressive stress can be simultaneously reduced, the yield of the bearing frame is improved, and the service life of the bearing frame is prolonged.
2. In the four-time electromagnetic coupling treatment process, the dynamic treatment of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field on the bearing frame is realized by moving the bearing frame at a certain speed, so that the central temperature of a treatment area is lower than 150 ℃, the temperature is far less than the melting temperature range of the aluminum alloy, the transformation of the internal structure of the aluminum alloy can not be caused in the process of regulating and controlling the residual stress, the mechanical property of the material can not be influenced, the tensile strength of the material is improved to a certain extent, and the deformation of the bearing frame caused by the thermal stress generated by joule heat is avoided.
3. The pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field generated by the double-electrode double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device in the method are both driven by electric energy, and the electric energy as one of clean energy sources has the characteristics of low cost, no pollution and the like; the electromagnetic field is used as a special external field which is started and stopped at any time, has the characteristic of good real-time performance, can adjust the electromagnetic field strength according to an expected value in the application process, and has a large strength adjustable range, so that the treatment is more efficient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram 1 of a dynamic processing track when a bearing frame is arranged in a double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device for processing.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram 2 of a dynamic processing track when a bearing frame is arranged in a double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device for processing.
Wherein, 1, double coils; 2. a double electrode; 21. a contact head; 3. a force bearing frame; 31. a processing unit; 4. dynamically processing the track; 41. a processing line; 42. a connecting wire; 5. an electromagnetic treatment area.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling residual stress of a bearing frame of an aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling, and solves the problems of long time consumption and poor regulating and controlling effect of the method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine in the prior art.
The general idea for solving the technical problems in the embodiment of the application is as follows:
in the process of processing the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine, residual stress is introduced to a blank because of forging and because of phase change or uneven plastic deformation in the processes of rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing, the residual stress can cause the bearing frame 3 to warp or distort and even crack, and the yield and the service life of the bearing frame 3 are greatly reduced. The method adopts a double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device which can simultaneously process a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field, respectively processes four stages of the bearing frame 3 by adopting specific electromagnetic parameters, provides power for the movement and proliferation of defects in the aluminum alloy material by using energy generated by the pulse electromagnetic field, and slows down lattice distortion by means of the movement and proliferation of microscopic defects, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame 3 of the aluminum alloy engine. In the process of electromagnetic coupling treatment, the bearing frame 3 is moved, an electromagnetic field is used for dynamically treating the bearing frame 3, and on the premise of ensuring the residual stress regulation and control effect, the central temperature of an electromagnetic coupling treatment area is far lower than the melting temperature of the aluminum alloy, so that the transformation of the internal structure of the aluminum alloy is avoided.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the following detailed descriptions will be provided in conjunction with the drawings and the detailed description of the embodiments.
Example 1
The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling comprises the following steps:
and S1, designing a dynamic processing track of the electrode relative to the bearing frame 3 according to the shape of the bearing frame 3 and the contact area of the electrode contact head, so that the dynamic processing track completely covers the whole bearing frame 3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a part of the bearing frame 3 is in a fan-ring structure, the dynamic processing track 4 is specifically designed by dividing the bearing frame 3 equally into a plurality of processing units 31 along the axial direction or the circumferential direction, the width of each processing unit 31 is equal to the width of the electrode contact head 21 in the corresponding direction, and the dynamic processing track 4 includes a processing line 41 extending along the equal division line of each processing unit 31 and a connecting line 42 connecting the processing lines 41 on the adjacent processing units 31.
The dynamic processing track 4 shown in fig. 1 is a straight line which divides the bearing frame 3 into a plurality of processing units 31 (the solid line separating the processing units is a virtual line, and does not separate the bearing frame 3), each processing unit 31 is in a fan-ring shape, the processing line 41 is an arc line parallel to the edge of the fan-ring, and the connecting line 42 is a straight line parallel to the axis of the bearing frame 3.
The dynamic processing track 4 shown in fig. 2 is a strip-shaped dynamic processing track that divides the bearing frame 3 into a plurality of processing units 31 (the solid line separating the processing units 31 is a virtual line, and does not separate the bearing frame 3) equally along the circumferential direction; the processing line 41 is a straight line parallel to the axis of the bearing frame 3, and the connecting line 42 is an arc line parallel to the edge of the bearing frame 3.
S2, placing the bearing frame blank in a double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device for primary electromagnetic coupling treatment, wherein the pulse magnetic field strength is B1The pulse current intensity is A1And the contact 21 of the dual-electrode is V1Moving on the bearing frame blank along the dynamic processing track, B1＝0.5T～3T，A1＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V1＝0.1mm/s～2mm/s。
In the process of electromagnetic coupling processing, taking the structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, the starting point of the dynamic processing track 4 is the upper left corner of the force bearing frame 3, before processing is started, the upper left corner is placed at the center position between the double coils 1 in the double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device, the double electrodes 2 are respectively connected with the inner and outer wall surfaces of the force bearing frame 3 through the contact heads 21 in a sliding contact manner, the sliding contact connection technology between the electrodes and the electric conductors is the prior art, and details are not described here. After the electrodes are connected, the equipment is started according to B1And A1Performing electromagnetic coupling treatment on the formed electromagnetic treatment parameters, simultaneously moving the bearing frame 3, and moving all parts of the bearing frame 3 into an electromagnetic treatment area 5 for treatment according to a dynamic treatment track 4, such as V in the circumferential direction in fig. 11The force bearing frame 3 is moved at the speed of (1), so that the electromagnetic field moves along the direction indicated by the arrow on the force bearing frame 3 in the figure 1.
In the four electromagnetic coupling processing processes, the double coils 1 and the double electrodes 2 of the double-electrode double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device are not moved, the force bearing frame 3 is moved, and then the phenomenon that an electromagnetic field moves on the force bearing frame 3 along the dynamic processing track 4 is presented.
And S3, roughly processing the bearing frame blank to form a bearing frame rough processing piece.
S4, performing secondary electromagnetic coupling treatment on the rough machined part of the bearing frame, wherein the pulse magnetic field strength is B2The pulse current intensity is A2And the contact 21 of the double electrode 2 is V-shaped2Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the force-bearing frame rough workpiece along a dynamic processing track, and B2>B1，A2>A1，V2<V1，B2＝0.5T～3T，A2＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V2＝0.1mm/s～2mm/s。
And S5, performing semi-finishing on the bearing frame rough machining piece to form a bearing frame semi-finished machining piece.
S6, performing third electromagnetic coupling treatment on the semi-finished part of the bearing frame, wherein the pulse magnetic field intensity is B3The pulse current intensity is A3And the contact 21 of the double electrode 2 is V-shaped3Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the bearing frame semi-finished part along a dynamic processing track, and B3>B2，A3>A2，V3<V2，B3＝0.5T～3T，A3＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V3＝0.1mm/s～2mm/s。
And S7, performing finish machining on the semi-finished part of the bearing frame to form a bearing frame finished part.
S8, performing fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment on the bearing frame finished part, wherein the pulse magnetic field intensity is B4The pulse current intensity is A4And the dual-electrode contact 21 is V-shaped4Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the bearing frame finished part along a dynamic processing track, and B4>B3，A4>A3，V4<V3，B4＝0.5T～3T，A4＝0.5A/mm2～30A/mm2，V4And (3) forming a bearing frame finished product, wherein the thickness of the bearing frame finished product is 0.1-2 mm/s.
As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force-bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine by electromagnetic coupling further includes:
after the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment and the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment, correspondingly detecting residual stress of a plurality of test points on a bearing frame blank, a bearing frame rough machined part, a bearing frame semi-finished machined part, a bearing frame finished machined part and a bearing frame finished part, wherein the test points are positioned on a dynamic treatment track, and the positions of the test points in the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment are the same. In the actual regulation and control process, the regulation and control condition of the electromagnetic coupling treatment on the residual stress can be judged through residual stress detection, so that the parameters of the electromagnetic coupling treatment in the next stage can be regulated according to the actual condition of the bearing frame, and the effect of regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame through electromagnetic coupling is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, in the four times of electromagnetic coupling processing, the pulsed magnetic field and the pulsed current act on the force bearing frame 3 at the same time, and the force bearing frame 3 is moved at the same time, so as to ensure the accuracy of the regulation and control process.
As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the pulse magnetic field strength gradually increases from the first electromagnetic coupling process, the second electromagnetic coupling process, the third electromagnetic coupling process to the fourth electromagnetic coupling process, and the increment Δ B becomes 0.1T to 0.4T each time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the pulse current intensity gradually increases from the first electromagnetic coupling process, the second electromagnetic coupling process, the third electromagnetic coupling process to the fourth electromagnetic coupling process, and the increment Δ a becomes 1.0A to 2.5A for each time.
In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the force-bearing frame 3 is moved so that the speed at which the two-electrode contact head 21 moves relative to the force-bearing frame 3 is gradually decreased by an amount Δ V of 0.1mm/s to 0.6mm/s from the first electromagnetic coupling process, the second electromagnetic coupling process, the third electromagnetic coupling process, to the fourth electromagnetic coupling process.
Example 2
The 7050 aluminum alloy engine bearing frame is used as a residual stress control to be regulated, the regulation and control process is as in embodiment 1, and the four-time electromagnetic coupling processing parameters are as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 parameters for four electromagnetic coupling treatments in example 2
In the embodiment, the optimization of the electromagnetic treatment parameters is the enhancement of the magnetic field intensity and the current intensityThe movement speed is reduced, and delta B is 0.3T, and delta A is 1.5A/mm2And the delta V is 0.5mm/s, so that the effect of weak electromagnetic treatment on the regulation and control of the residual stress is researched from electromagnetic parameter boundaries.
And after each electromagnetic coupling treatment, residual stress evaluation is carried out on the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine, 8 positions are sampled on the bearing frame 3 before each treatment and are labeled, and residual stress detection is carried out on the labeled 8 positions before and after the electromagnetic coupling treatment to obtain data shown in a table 2.
Table 2 evaluation of residual stress before and after electromagnetic coupling treatment in embodiment 2
Analysis of the above data leads to the following conclusions:
1. the residual stress introduced in the cutting process can be effectively regulated and controlled by weak electromagnetic coupling treatment, and the regulation and control range is 10-40%;
2. whether residual compressive stress or residual tensile stress, the electromagnetic coupling process mainly plays a role in reducing the residual stress;
3. the residual stress is favorably regulated and controlled along with the enhancement of the magnetic field intensity (0.5-1.4T) and the current intensity (0.5-5.0A/mm 2), namely the regulation and control effect of the residual stress is enhanced.
Example 3
The 7050 aluminum alloy engine bearing frame is used as a residual stress control to be regulated, the regulation and control process is as in embodiment 1, and the four-time electromagnetic coupling processing parameters are as shown in table 3.
Table 3 parameters for four electromagnetic coupling treatments in example 3
| Magnetic field intensity (T) | Current intensity (A/mm)2) | Speed of movement (mm/s) | |
| First electromagnetic coupling treatment | B1＝2.4 | A1＝24.0 | V1＝0.4 |
| Second electromagnetic coupling treatment | B2＝2.6 | A2＝26.0 | V2＝0.3 |
| Third electromagnetic coupling treatment | B3＝2.8 | A3＝28.0 | V3＝0.2 |
| Fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment | B4＝3.0 | A4＝30.0 | V4＝0.1 |
In the embodiment, the electromagnetic processing parameters are optimized by increasing the magnetic field intensity and the current intensity, slowing down the motion speed, and setting delta B to 0.2T and setting delta A to 2.0A/mm2And the delta V is 0.1mm/s, so that the effect of strong electromagnetic treatment on the regulation and control of the residual stress is researched from electromagnetic parameter boundaries.
And after each electromagnetic coupling treatment, residual stress evaluation is carried out on the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine, 8 positions are sampled on the bearing frame 3 before each treatment and are labeled, and residual stress detection is carried out on the labeled 8 positions before and after the electromagnetic coupling treatment to obtain data shown in a table 4.
Table 4 evaluation of residual stress before and after electromagnetic coupling treatment in embodiment 3
Analysis of the above data leads to the following conclusions:
1. the coupling treatment of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field can effectively regulate and control the residual stress introduced in the cutting process, and the regulation and control range is 20-50%;
2. whether residual compressive stress or residual tensile stress, electromagnetic treatment mainly plays a role in reducing residual stress;
3. the residual stress is not beneficial to regulation and control along with the enhancement of the magnetic field intensity (2.4-3.0T) and the current intensity (24.0-30.0A/mm 2), namely the regulation and control effect of the residual stress is reduced, so when the pulse magnetic field intensity and the current intensity are further enhanced in the pulse electromagnetic treatment, the regulation and control effect of the residual stress is not further beneficial to improvement.
Example 4
The 7050 aluminum alloy engine bearing frame is used as a residual stress control to be regulated, the regulation and control process is as in embodiment 1, and the four-time electromagnetic coupling processing parameters are as shown in table 5.
Table 5 parameters of four electromagnetic coupling treatments in example 4
| Magnetic field intensity (T) | Current intensity (A/mm)2) | Speed of movement (mm/s) | |
| First electromagnetic coupling treatment | B1＝1.2 | A1＝24.0 | V1＝0.5 |
| Second electromagnetic coupling treatment | B2＝1.5 | A2＝26.0 | V2＝0.8 |
| Third electromagnetic coupling treatment | B3＝1.8 | A3＝28.0 | V3＝1.1 |
| Fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment | B4＝2.1 | A4＝30.0 | V4＝1.4 |
In the embodiment, the electromagnetic processing parameters are optimized by increasing the magnetic field intensity and the current intensity, increasing the movement speed, and setting Δ B to 0.3T and Δ a to 2.0A/mm2Δ V of 0.3mm/s, in order to explore the most important regulation of residual stressAnd (4) processing parameters of the optimal electromagnetic coupling.
And after each electromagnetic coupling treatment, residual stress evaluation is carried out on the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine, 8 positions are sampled on the bearing frame 3 before each treatment and are labeled, and residual stress detection is carried out on the labeled 8 positions before and after the electromagnetic coupling treatment to obtain data shown in a table 6.
Table 6 evaluation of residual stress before and after electromagnetic coupling treatment in embodiment 4
Analysis of the above data leads to the following conclusions:
1. the coupling treatment of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field can effectively regulate and control the residual stress introduced in the cutting process, and the regulation and control range is 50-99 percent;
2. whether residual compressive stress or residual tensile stress, electromagnetic treatment mainly plays a role in reducing residual stress;
3. the electromagnetic coupling parameters for regulating and controlling the residual stress have an optimal regulation and control range, and the optimal regulation and control parameters are influenced by the magnetic field intensity, the electric field intensity and the movement speed;
4. the magnetic field intensity is 1.5T, the current intensity is 26A/mm2, the residual stress regulating effect is best when the movement speed is 0.8m/s, and the residual stress can be reduced by about 95%.
In conclusion, the embodiments show that the method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine by adopting the coupling effect of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field in a dynamic processing mode is effective, and can reduce the residual compressive stress and the residual tensile stress by 10-99%. And the pulse magnetic field intensity, the pulse current intensity and the dynamic processing movement speed influence the regulation effect, and a certain threshold value exists to ensure that the regulation effect is optimal.
The average temperature of the central region of the electromagnetic treatment during the treatment of examples 2 to 4 is shown in Table 7. The melting temperature range of the 7050 aluminum alloy is 488-630 ℃, and the central temperature of a processing area is lower than 150 ℃ in the process of dynamically processing the bearing frame by coupling the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field. Therefore, the process of regulating the residual stress does not cause the adverse effect of transformation of the internal structure of the aluminum alloy.
Table 7 examples 2 to 4 mean temperatures of central regions of electromagnetic treatment
Statistics is carried out on the conductivity change conditions of the bearing frames before and after the treatment of the embodiment 2 to the embodiment 4, and the statistical results are shown in a table 8. The coupling treatment of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field can realize the regulation and control of the electronic level of the microstructure of the material. The aluminum alloy atom arrangement directly influences the conductivity, and the conductivity data can show that: the coupling treatment of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field changes the atom arrangement in the aluminum alloy.
Table 8 examples 2-4 mean conductivity changes of carrier frame
It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that while the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the machine equivalent technology of the claims of the present invention, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A method for regulating and controlling residual stress of a bearing frame of an aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a dynamic processing track of the electrode relative to the bearing frame according to the shape of the bearing frame and the contact area of the electrode contact head, and enabling the dynamic processing track to completely cover the whole bearing frame;
s2, placing the bearing frame blank in a double-electrode-double-coil pulse electromagnetic coupling device for primary electromagnetic coupling treatment, wherein the pulse magnetic field strength is B1The pulse current intensity is A1And the double-electrode contact is V1Moving on the bearing frame blank along the dynamic processing track, B1=0.5 T~3 T，A1=0.5 A/mm2~30 A/mm2，V1=0.1 mm/s~2 mm/s；
S3, roughly processing the bearing frame blank to form a bearing frame rough processing piece;
s4, performing secondary electromagnetic coupling treatment on the rough machined part of the bearing frame, wherein the pulse magnetic field strength is B2The pulse current intensity is A2And the double-electrode contact is V2Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the force-bearing frame rough workpiece along a dynamic processing track, and B2>B1，A2>A1，V2<V1，B2=0.5 T~3 T，A2=0.5 A/mm2~30 A/mm2，V2=0.1 mm/s~2 mm/s；
S5, performing semi-finishing on the bearing frame rough machining part to form a bearing frame semi-finished machining part;
s6, performing third electromagnetic coupling treatment on the semi-finished part of the bearing frame, wherein the pulse magnetic field intensity is B3The pulse current intensity is A3And the double-electrode contact is V3Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the bearing frame semi-finished part along a dynamic processing track, and B3>B2，A3>A2，V3<V2，B3=0.5 T~3 T，A3=0.5 A/mm2~30 A/mm2，V3=0.1 mm/s~2 mm/s；
S7, carrying out finish machining on the semi-finished part of the bearing frame to form a bearing frame finished part;
s8, performing fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment on the bearing frame finished part, wherein the pulse magnetic field intensity is B4The pulse current intensity is A4And the double-electrode contact is V4Is moved from a starting point to an end point on the bearing frame finished part along a dynamic processing track, and B4>B3，A4>A3，V4<V3，B4=0.5 T~3 T，A4=0.5 A/mm2~30 A/mm2，V4And (5) the thickness is not less than 0.1mm/s and not more than 2mm/s, and a bearing frame finished product is formed.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine by electromagnetic coupling according to claim 1, further comprising:
after the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment and the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment, correspondingly detecting residual stress of a plurality of test points on a bearing frame blank, a bearing frame rough machined part, a bearing frame semi-finished machined part, a bearing frame finished machined part and a bearing frame finished part, wherein the test points are positioned on the dynamic treatment track, and the positions of the test points in the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment are the same.
3. The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling according to claim 1, wherein a pulse magnetic field and a pulse current simultaneously act on the bearing frame in the four times of electromagnetic coupling treatment processes.
4. The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling according to claim 1, wherein the pulsed magnetic field strength is gradually increased and each increment Δ B = 0.1T-0.4T from the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment to the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment.
5. The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force-bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the pulse current intensity is gradually increased from the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment to the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment, and the increment of delta A = 1.0A-2.5A each time.
6. The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine through electromagnetic coupling according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the moving speed of the force bearing frame relative to the moving speed of the double-electrode contact head is gradually reduced by the amount of Δ V =0.1 mm/s-0.6 mm/s from the first electromagnetic coupling treatment, the second electromagnetic coupling treatment, the third electromagnetic coupling treatment to the fourth electromagnetic coupling treatment.
7. The method for regulating and controlling the residual stress of the force-bearing frame of the aluminum alloy engine by electromagnetic coupling according to claim 1, wherein the method for designing the dynamic processing track in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
the bearing frame is divided into a plurality of processing units along the axial direction or the circumferential direction, the width of each processing unit is equal to the width of the electrode contact in the corresponding direction, and the dynamic processing track comprises processing lines extending along the equal division line of each processing unit and connecting lines connecting the processing lines on the adjacent processing units.
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