CN111468588B - Workpiece forming control method based on simulation optimization and used for separating electromagnetic force of workpiece - Google Patents
Workpiece forming control method based on simulation optimization and used for separating electromagnetic force of workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN111468588B CN111468588B CN202010287341.7A CN202010287341A CN111468588B CN 111468588 B CN111468588 B CN 111468588B CN 202010287341 A CN202010287341 A CN 202010287341A CN 111468588 B CN111468588 B CN 111468588B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of workpiece forming control, and discloses a workpiece forming control method for separating electromagnetic force of a workpiece based on simulation optimization. The invention utilizes simulation calculation to determine the number of turns and the position of the driving coil and the magnitude of pulse current in the coil aiming at workpieces of different materials and specifications, thereby pertinently improving the forming quality of the workpieces and having low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal workpiece forming control, and particularly relates to a workpiece forming control method for separating electromagnetic force of a workpiece based on simulation optimization.
Background
Research shows that light weight is an important technical means for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like. The main approach for realizing lightweight is to adopt light alloy materials, and high-performance aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and magnesium alloy become the preferred materials for realizing lightweight in modern aerospace, automobile industry and the like. However, the light alloy material has low forming plasticity at room temperature, poor local ductility, easy generation of cracks and large rebound, and the processing effect by adopting the traditional processing technology is not ideal. Electromagnetic forming is a high-speed pulse forming technology, can greatly improve the forming performance of metal materials, and can effectively make up for the defects of the traditional forming technology in the aspect of processing light alloy materials. Obviously, electromagnetic forming has obvious advantages in the field of light alloy processing, and is one of effective ways for realizing wide application of light alloys.
In the traditional electromagnetic forming design process, the maximum electromagnetic force borne by the workpiece is obtained as an optimal value by changing circuit parameters. However, the electromagnetic force is the resultant electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece, and includes the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the driving coil and the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece itself. The Design method of Electromagnetic Forming System disclosed in the article "Design and Experiments of a High Field Electromagnetic Forming System" published in the journal "IEEE Transactions on Applied superconduction" finds the optimal discharge pulse width and maximum efficiency by adjusting the number of turns of the driving coil. This method does not separate the electromagnetic force exerted by the drive coil on the workpiece from the electromagnetic force exerted by the workpiece itself on the workpiece. Chinese patent CN105880348B, "a high-efficiency electromagnetic forming method and device for sheet metal," provides a high-efficiency electromagnetic forming method for sheet metal, in which the sheet metal to be processed is connected end to form a polygonal conductive loop, so as to realize the function of simultaneously processing a plurality of sheet metal, and greatly improve the utilization rate and efficiency of electromagnetic forming. However, the invention only improves efficiency and does not analyze how much the drive coil and itself contribute to the kinetic energy acquired by the workpiece.
Therefore, a method of separating electromagnetic force of a workpiece in electromagnetic forming and an electromagnetic-electromagnetic coupling model are studied. By separating the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the driving coil and the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece, the contribution degree of two electromagnetic force components to the electromagnetic resultant force is obtained, and the optimal design of electromagnetic forming is guided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in the existing electromagnetic forming design, the maximum electromagnetic force borne by a workpiece is the optimal value by changing circuit parameters. However, the electromagnetic force is the resultant electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece, and includes the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the driving coil and the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece itself.
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a workpiece forming control method based on simulation optimization and used for separating workpiece electromagnetic force, which obtains the contribution degree of two electromagnetic force components to electromagnetic resultant force by separating the electromagnetic force exerted on a workpiece by a driving coil and the electromagnetic force exerted on the workpiece by the workpiece, and guides the electromagnetic forming optimization design so as to improve the workpiece forming control quality.
The technical scheme of the invention is a workpiece forming control method for separating electromagnetic force of a workpiece based on simulation optimization, which establishes an electromagnetic forming model containing the workpiece to be formed, a driving coil and an air domain, wherein the model comprises a first electromagnetic module and a second electromagnetic module, the first electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating induced eddy current distribution and electromagnetic resultant force of the workpiece, the second electromagnetic module is used for calculating the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece, the workpiece forming control method comprises the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing a first electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece, setting the material properties of a driving coil, the workpiece to be formed and an air domain, and applying pulse current to the driving coil of the electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece to obtain the induced eddy current distribution of the workpieceJe；
And step 3: establishing a second electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece, setting the conductivities of the driving coil, the workpiece to be formed and the air domain to be 0, and distributing the induced eddy current in the step 2JeAs a load on the workpiece to be formed;
and 4, step 4: performing simulation calculation by using an electromagnetic forming model to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution on the workpiece;
step 4.1: performing simulation calculation by using a first electromagnetic module to obtain electromagnetic resultant force on the workpiece, wherein the electromagnetic resultant force comprises radial electromagnetic force distribution Frsum and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzsum;
step 4.2: performing simulation calculation by using a second electromagnetic module to obtain electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece, wherein the electromagnetic force comprises radial electromagnetic force distribution Frw and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzw;
and 5: calculating to obtain a radial electromagnetic force distribution Frc and an axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzc of the driving coil applied to the workpiece;
step 6: determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by workpiece forming according to the specification requirement of the workpiece forming;
and 7: determining the number of turns of a driving coil, the position of the coil relative to a workpiece and the pulse current of the driving coil according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by forming;
and 8: and 5-7, arranging a driving coil on the workpiece to be formed according to the result of the step 5-7, connecting the driving coil to a pulse power supply, forming pulse current in the driving coil and controlling the workpiece to be formed.
Further, in step 5, the radial electromagnetic force distribution Frc = Frsum — Frw, Frsum being a radial component of the resultant electromagnetic force, Frw being a radial component of the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece itself.
Further, in step 5, the axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzc = Fzsum-Fzw, Fzsum being the axial component of the resultant electromagnetic force, Fzw being the axial component of the electromagnetic force applied by the workpiece itself to the workpiece.
Preferably, the material of the workpiece is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the workpiece is a plate or a pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic forming method has the advantages that the electromagnetic force exerted on the workpiece by the first electromagnetic module and the second electromagnetic module of the workpiece electromagnetic forming model established by finite element software and the electromagnetic force exerted on the workpiece by the workpiece are separated through the driving coil, so that the contribution degree of two electromagnetic force components to the electromagnetic resultant force is obtained, the electromagnetic forming optimization design is guided, and the workpiece forming control quality is improved. The invention utilizes computer software to carry out simulation calculation on the workpiece forming effect to obtain the accurate radial electromagnetic force and axial electromagnetic force formed by the driving coil on the workpiece to be formed, is favorable for determining the number of turns and the position of the driving coil and the magnitude of pulse current in the coil aiming at workpieces of different materials and specifications, pertinently improves the workpiece forming quality and has low cost.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a workpiece forming control method based on a simulation-optimized separated-workpiece electromagnetic force.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic forming mold for a plate according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic forming model of a pipe according to the second embodiment.
Description of reference numerals: drive coil 1, workpiece 2 to be shaped, air zone 3, axis of symmetry 4, magnetic insulation boundary 5.
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-2, a plate forming control method based on simulation optimized electromagnetic force of separated workpieces, which establishes an electromagnetic forming model including a plate to be formed, a driving coil and an air domain, wherein the model includes a first electromagnetic module and a second electromagnetic module, the first electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating induced eddy current distribution and electromagnetic resultant force of the plate, the second electromagnetic module is used for calculating electromagnetic force applied to the plate by the plate itself, the plate is made of aluminum, the driving coil is made of a copper coil, the plate forming control method includes the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic forming model of the plate by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing a first electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic forming model of the plate, setting the material properties of a driving coil, the plate to be formed and an air domain, applying an axisymmetric boundary on a symmetric axis of the driving coil, setting a magnetic field of 0 on a magnetic insulation boundary, and applying pulse current to the driving coil of the electromagnetic forming model of the plate to obtain the induced eddy current distribution of the plateJe；
And step 3: establishing a second electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic forming model of the plate, setting the conductivities of the driving coil, the plate to be formed and the air domain to be 0, applying an axisymmetric boundary on a symmetry axis of the driving coil, setting a magnetic field to be 0 on a magnetic insulation boundary, and distributing the induced eddy current of the step 2JeAs a carrierLoading a load on a plate to be formed;
and 4, step 4: carrying out simulation calculation by using an electromagnetic forming model to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution on the plate;
step 4.1: performing simulation calculation by using the first electromagnetic module to obtain electromagnetic resultant force on the plate, wherein the electromagnetic resultant force comprises radial electromagnetic force distribution Frsum and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzsum;
step 4.2: performing simulation calculation by using a second electromagnetic module to obtain electromagnetic force applied to the plate by the plate, wherein the electromagnetic force comprises radial electromagnetic force distribution Frw and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzw;
and 5: calculating the radial electromagnetic force distribution Frc and the axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzc of the driving coil applied to the plate;
step 5.1: calculating a radial electromagnetic force distribution Frc, Frc = Frsum-Frw of the driving coil applied to the plate;
step 5.2: calculating an axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzc, Fzc = Fzsum-Fzw exerted by the driving coil on the plate;
step 6: determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by plate forming according to the specification requirement of the plate forming;
and 7: determining the number of turns of the driving coil, the position of the coil relative to the plate and the pulse current of the driving coil according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by forming;
and 8: and 5-7, arranging a driving coil on the plate to be formed, connecting the driving coil to a pulse power supply, forming a pulse current in the driving coil and controlling the plate to be formed.
The implementation result shows that the computer software is adopted to carry out simulation calculation on the plate forming effect, the electromagnetic force applied to the plate by the driving coil is separated from the electromagnetic force applied to the plate by the plate, so that the accurate radial electromagnetic force and axial electromagnetic force formed by the driving coil on the plate to be formed are obtained, the number of turns and the position of the driving coil and the magnitude of pulse current in the coil are more favorably determined aiming at the plate made of specific materials and specifications, and the plate forming quality is pertinently improved on the premise of not increasing the cost.
Claims (5)
1. A workpiece forming control method for separating electromagnetic force of a workpiece based on simulation optimization is characterized in that an electromagnetic forming model containing the workpiece to be formed, a driving coil and an air domain is established, the model comprises a first electromagnetic module and a second electromagnetic module, the first electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating induced eddy current distribution and electromagnetic resultant force of the workpiece, the second electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece, and the workpiece forming control method comprises the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing a first electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece, applying pulse current to the driving coil to obtain the induced eddy current distribution of the workpieceJe；
And step 3: establishing a second electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic forming model of the workpiece, setting the conductivities of the driving coil, the workpiece to be formed and the air domain to be 0, and distributing the induced eddy current in the step 2JeAs a load on the workpiece to be formed;
and 4, step 4: performing simulation calculation by using an electromagnetic forming model to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution on the workpiece;
step 4.1: performing simulation calculation by using a first electromagnetic module to obtain electromagnetic resultant force on the workpiece, wherein the electromagnetic resultant force comprises radial electromagnetic force distribution Frsum and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzsum;
step 4.2: performing simulation calculation by using a second electromagnetic module to obtain electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece, wherein the electromagnetic force comprises radial electromagnetic force distribution Frw and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzw;
and 5: calculating to obtain a radial electromagnetic force distribution Frc and an axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzc of the driving coil applied to the workpiece;
step 6: determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by workpiece forming according to the specification requirement of the workpiece forming;
and 7: determining the number of turns and the position of a driving coil and the pulse current in the coil according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by shaping;
and 8: and 5-7, arranging a driving coil on the workpiece to be formed according to the result of the step 5-7, connecting the driving coil to a pulse power supply, forming pulse current in the driving coil and controlling the workpiece to be formed.
2. The workpiece forming control method based on the simulation optimized separated workpiece electromagnetic force according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 5, the radial electromagnetic force distribution Frc = Frsum-Frw, Frsum being the radial component of the resultant electromagnetic force, Frw being the radial component of the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece itself.
3. The workpiece forming control method based on the simulation optimized separated workpiece electromagnetic force according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 5, the axial electromagnetic force distribution Fzc = Fzsum-Fzw, Fzsum being the axial component of the resultant electromagnetic force, Fzw being the axial component of the electromagnetic force applied to the workpiece by the workpiece itself.
4. The method for controlling the forming of a workpiece based on the electromagnetic force of a simulation optimized separated workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the workpiece is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
5. The method for controlling the forming of a workpiece based on the electromagnetic force of the simulation optimized separated workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the workpiece is a plate or a pipe.
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| CN103406418A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for electromagnetically forming metal pipe fitting in radial and axial loading mode |
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| CN108723164A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-02 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of heat transfer board forming device and manufacturing process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103406418A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-27 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for electromagnetically forming metal pipe fitting in radial and axial loading mode |
| KR101458345B1 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-11-04 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Adjustable coil-forming apparatus using electromagnetic |
| CN105436286A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-03-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for adjusting shapes and performance of plates under combined action of prestress and pulse electromagnetic force |
| CN108480449A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-04 | 三峡大学 | A kind of Aluminum Alloy Tube staggeredly deforms electromagnetic connector and method |
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Application publication date: 20200731 Assignee: Hubei Feiou Commercial Management Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980045280 Denomination of invention: A Simulation Optimization Based Control Method for Separating Electromagnetic Force in Workpiece Forming Granted publication date: 20211001 License type: Common License Record date: 20231102 |