CN103643192A - Electromagnetic coupling method for improving plastic deformation capacity of aluminum matrix composite - Google Patents
Electromagnetic coupling method for improving plastic deformation capacity of aluminum matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum matrix composite, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic coupling method for improving the plastic deformation capacity of an aluminum matrix composite, belonging to the technical field of new material preparation. The method is used for improving the plastic deformation capacity of a material based on the 'electromagnetic coupling plasticity' effect of an electric field and a magnetic field, namely that the plastic deformation of the material is performed under the coupling effect of the 'magnetic field' and 'electric field' accompanied by a stress field; and by coordinating and controlling the parameters such as magnetic field type, magnetic induction intensity, electric field type, electric field intensity, acting time of coupling field and the like, the aim of improving the elongation of the aluminum matrix composite is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum matrix composite, refer in particular to a kind of electromagnetic coupling method that improves aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability, belong to technical field of new material preparation.
Background technology
Plastic forming of metals be take material high-ductility as prerequisite and is carried out under external force, angle from plastic forming of metals, there is high-ductility deformability and will be one of considerable advantage of material, but well-known, for metallic substance, the association often of high strength and inductile, in actual production, often need " high strength, inductile " material to carry out viscous deformation processing, object is to improve product size or improves material over-all properties, and the approach of therefore exploring this type of material plasticity deformability of effective raising is very urgent; In the high-performance aluminium research receiving much concern and Application Areas, before aluminum matrix composite occurs, the research and development of aluminium and application are mainly concentrated on to different series aluminium alloy aspect, strengthening mechanism relates generally to the aspects such as solution strengthening, precipitation hardened, refined crystalline strengthening, and the obdurability of material and Young's modulus rest on a not too high limit level in a long time; Each main support industry of country has proposed active demand to the tough aluminium of high-strength light as developing rapidly of track traffic, military and national defense in the recent decade, and under this application background, aluminum matrix composite arises at the historic moment; Wherein in-situ endogenic particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material has met the external and domestic demand of " high-performance, high-level efficiency, low cost, the low pollution " of research and development new material new process indispensability, and day by day receives publicity; From tissue signature, endogenetic particle size is tiny and easily control, matrix is combined with granular boundary well, no coupling product generates, material has the use properties of comprehensive excellence, comprise high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high ratio modulus, high abrasion, highly corrosion resistant, low-thermal-expansion (good stability of the dimension) etc., in field extensive application prospects such as track traffic, aerospace, military equipment, electron devices; But research is also found simultaneously: because the existence of hard particles has weakened material plasticity deformability, the ductility of matrix material is far away from body material, largely, limit matrix material at more range and the more use of degree of depth aspect, therefore urgently found an effective way that can improve matrix material plastic deformation ability to make up the poor critical defect of its plastic deformation ability.
At present, the research directly related with material high-ductility deformability is superplastic material, making metal implement is mainly make it that specific tissue degeneratiaon occur and obtain the axle superfine crystal particle such as stable below crystal grain diameter 10 μ m for superplastic method, often adopts the logical excessive strain of drastic deformation method to realize matrix grain nanometer and superplasticity (patent: CN200810230081.9 preparation method of fine crystalline superplastic heat-resistance magnesium alloy; Patent CN200710011887.4 method for preparing short-flowpath fine crystal super-plastic material; The metal material large-strain processing method of patent CN200910183585.4 based on multipair wheel rolling and Equal-channel Angular Pressing), the temperature when controlling and optimizing superplastic deformation, strain rate, type of heating etc. make metal more easily obtain superplasticity; But the analysis to several patents is known: by drastic deformation, realize crystal grain nanometer and superplastic method is only suitable in the good alloy of ductility, such as distortion aluminium, magnesium and titanium alloy etc., in other words: realize by crystal grain nanometer that plasticity improves or superplastic approach is only suitable for some high-ductility metallic substance; And scantling distortion, metaplasia and unrelieved stress are all very large in drastic deformation process, for having the member of particular requirement and being not suitable for; Therefore the processing approach for this class A of geometric unitA exploration one " high-performance, high-level efficiency, low cost, low pollution " is necessary very much.
Theoretical analysis shows: the essence of viscous deformation is the motion of dislocation defects, and the essence of dislocation defects has electronic characteristic, and the outfield that can affect electronic behavior just can affect dislocation behavior and mobility, and then affects viscous deformation feature and the rule of material; In all multiple physical fields, Electric and magnetic fields can affect at micro-scale the behavior of electronics, stream of electrons; When pulsed current passes through metallic substance, produce the unbound electron (electron wind) of a large amount of directional drifts; Drift electron group is the directed dislocation of clashing into continually, can produce an electronics wind-force that is similar to applied stress to dislocation segment, promotes the movement of dislocation on its slip plane; Simultaneously, while applying pulsed current, electric energy, heat energy and stress are input in material by instantaneous, the result of random thermal motion of atom obtains enough kinetic energy and leaves equilibrium theory of tide under the effect of pulsed current instantaneous impact, the diffusibility of atom is strengthened, the easier slippage of dislocation, climb, thereby improved the plasticity of metal; In the process playing a role at electric field, if apply the magnetic field of certain kind and intensity simultaneously, can further disturb the movement locus of unbound electron, the motivating force of dislocation moving is increased; From energy point of view, synchronously applying of Electric and magnetic fields can be to material input magnetic field energy outside electric energy, heat energy and stress, the result of random thermal motion of atom and diffusibility are strengthened, dislocation glide, the sports tendency aggravation such as climb, thus contribute to improve and improve the plastic deformation ability of material; Especially, the magnetic susceptibility dislocation locking center of energy inducing materials inside, magnetic field (especially as magnetic induction density≤30T), and then affect dislocation motion;
Experimental study shows: under Electric and magnetic fields acting in conjunction, when metallic substance is carried out to solid-state processing, in organizing afterwards, processing observes a large amount of propagation and the dislocation motion vestige of dislocation, and in part, found the viscous deformation feature that the majorities such as fault and mechanical twin just there will be under drastic deformation condition, sample is still retaining original shape and size simultaneously, there is substantial viscous deformation but on apparent size, still kept original feature in illustrative material inside, belong to microplasticity distortion category, and this phenomenon is defined as to " electromagnetic coupled causes plasticity " effect, that an important research is found, and improve the plastic deformation ability of material based on this effect proposition " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " method, special discovery, in aluminium (comprising aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite etc.), when Particle Phase and precipitate volume fraction are when high, " electromagnetic coupled causes plasticity " effect is more obvious, the present invention is based on above experiment law, proposes a kind of novel method that improves aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention by material plasticity deformation process, apply simultaneously some strength and certain hour electric field and and magnetic field, utilize " electromagnetic coupled causes plasticity " effect to realize the object that improves material plasticity deformability.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
the first step: the preparation of aluminum matrix composite.
Select the aluminium alloy of certain component as matrix; such as cast aluminium alloy ZL101 or wrought aluminium alloy 2024,6063 or 7055 aluminium alloys etc.; using particle or fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite as preparing object; the introducing method of wild phase has two kinds: outer addition and in think of a way; inside think of a way is by raw wild phase in the preparation of reaction in－situ method; be no matter outer addition or in think of a way; the wild phase of introducing should have lattice match relation with matrix; be lattice misfit degree≤5%, qualified wild phase has Al
2o
3, Al
3zr, Al
3ti and mix phase Al
3(Ti
xzr
1-x) (0 < x < 1), TiB
2, ZrB
2deng; There is again micro-or nano size, be wild phase dimensional requirement≤1 μ m, while adopting outer addition to introduce wild phase, need to control the initial particle size≤1 μ m of wild phase, if think of a way in adopting, introduce wild phase and be divided into two kinds of situations: first, in some, raw wild phase has micro/nano-scale feature after generating in molten aluminium, such as Al
2o
3, TiB
2, ZrB
2deng; The second, for intermetallic compound, as Al
3zr, Al
3ti and mix phase Al
3(Ti
xzr
1-x) (0 < x < 1), to in building-up process, apply electromagnetic field or ultrasonic field, promote wild phase forming core, reduce wild phase size, by control physical field type, intensity and action time by wild phase size control in≤1 μ m level, can system of selection be: (1) rotary electromagnetic field, magnetic inductor strength range 0.4 ~ 0.5T, action time 3 ~ 4min; (2) ultrasonic field, ultrasound intensity scope 1.3 ~ 1.6KW, action time 3 ~ 4min; And disperse distributes in matrix, not occur that local reunion is as the criterion, if will quantitatively weigh, require particle and ambient particles minimum spacing>=0.5 μ m, average headway is advisable at 1 ~ 5 μ m, mainly by rapid solidification, realizes, such as adopting copper mold casting or semi-continuous casting method.
second step: according to matrix characteristics, matrix material is carried out to early stage and process.
If casting alloy will carry out solid solution aging processing according to the conventional heat treating regime of matrix, be commonly defined as T6 and process, such as for ZL101, after 720 ℃ of castings, first through the solution treatment of 535 ℃ * 6h, after water-cooled, again through the ageing treatment of 180 ℃ * 6h, belong to conventional heat treating regime; If wrought aluminium alloy, will be first through homogeneous anneal and extruding or rolling deformation processing, carry out again solid solution aging processing, as for 7055 aluminium alloys, after casting, first through the homogeneous anneal of 450 ℃ * 24h, push afterwards or rolling deformation processing, through the solution treatment of 475 ℃ * 2h, after water-cooled, carry out again the ageing treatment of 120 ℃ * 24h again.
the 3rd step: carry out " electromagnetic coupled plastic working ", preparation high-ductility aluminum matrix composite is processed solid phase material under the Electric and magnetic fields coupling condition of certain type and intensity, and significant parameter comprises:
(1)
type of electric field and strength of electric field (electric current): select high-density pulsed electrical field, strength of electric field
imodel
Enclose 1 ~ 20A.
(2)
magnetic field type and magnetic induction density: suitable magnetic field type is pulsed magnetic field, magnetic induction density
b
Scope 1 ~ 30T.
(3)
coupling parameter: when electric pulse field parameter and magnetic field parameter coupling, material has higher plastic deformation ability, that is: as strength of electric field 1A <
iduring≤10A, with it coupling pulsed magnetic field magnetic induction density scope be 15T≤
b≤ 30A; As strength of electric field 10A <
iduring≤20A, with it coupling pulsed magnetic field magnetic induction density scope be 1T≤
b< 15T, the suitable magnetic induction density that strength of electric field hour is coupled is with it large, and the suitable magnetic induction density being coupled with it when strength of electric field is large is little; Especially, when
i=10A,
bduring=15T, material unit elongation amplification value is maximum;
coupled field action time: suitable coupled field scope action time 20s ~ 200s, during lower than this time, can not give full play to Electric and magnetic fields effect, can not realize " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " effect, higher than this time, Electric and magnetic fields heat effect increases, sample and system operating ambient temperature are wayward, and unpredictable factor increases; In the time of within the scope of this, with processing time lengthening, material deformation ability increases, and carrys out according to demand setting-up time; Pay special attention to, for pulsed electrical field and pulsed magnetic field, be to measure with " recurrence interval * pulse number " action time, and usually strength of electric field or magnetic induction density are high, and the recurrence interval is short, and in the same time, pulse number is few; Opposite electric field intensity or magnetic induction density are low, and the recurrence interval is long, and in the same time, pulse number is many.
While carrying out in the above conditions material plasticity distortion, unit elongation improves amplitude range and is
200% ~ 400%, concrete data are relevant with matrix alloy and experiment condition.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effect:
(1) method that in the past improved material plasticity deformability is mainly thin crystalline substance, need to first by methods such as drastic deformation, prepare grained material, needs large-scale texturing machine and energy expenditure; And " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " is Electric and magnetic fields introducing material plasticity deformation process, based on " electromagnetism causes plastic effect ", it is the plastic deformation ability that Electric and magnetic fields coupling has improved material, omitted fine crystal deformation process, shortened the preparation section of high-ductility material, save energy expenditure, given full play to the application potential of Electric and magnetic fields in materials processing, met fabrication of new materials due " high-level efficiency, high-performance, low cost, low pollution " feature.
(2) moreover, previously conventional gross distortion is processed and is only suitable for, in wrought aluminium alloy, being not suitable for cast aluminium alloy, applicable material range of application is narrower and limited, and " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " method to material component etc. without particular requirement.
(3) " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " method is to improving the optimal effectiveness that the effect of unit elongation will be when applying separately electric field and applying magnetic field separately.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated, and embodiment is only for the present invention is described, rather than limit by any way the present invention.
embodiment mono-: Al
3
zr
,
al
2
o
3
viscous deformation feature under the preparation of particle enhancing distortion aluminum matrix composite and different condition
What this kind of aluminum matrix composite had is characterized as: micro-nano granules strengthens distortion aluminum matrix composite, and Particle Phase is Al
3zr, Al
2o
3, matrix is selected wrought aluminium alloy 7055 aluminium alloys, and the preparation method of matrix material is:
Melting 7055 aluminium alloys (Mg:2.4%, Zr:0.2%, is mass percent, all the other are aluminium for Zn:8.4%, Cu:2.2%), using zirconium carbonate powder as raw material, by with aluminium liquid between react and generate Al
2o
3, Al
3zr particle, particle total volume fraction is designed to 4 vol.%, according to formula (1) metering equation, and is 75% according to experiment setting zirconium carbonate reaction recovery rate, generates 4vol.% (Al
2o
3+ Al
3zr) the zirconium carbonate amount that enhanced granule need to add is the 7.24wt.%(mass percent of Aluminum in Alloy amount).
13Al+3Zr(CO
3)
2=2Al
2O
3+3Al
3Zr+6CO
2（1）
By direct reaction method, be about in high temperature aluminium alloys melt that the good zirconium carbonate powder of baking processing joins 850 ℃, reaction in－situ generates Al
2o
3and Al
3zr particle, particle size is at micro/nano level, wild phase mean sizes≤1 μ m, by copper crystallizer semi-continuous casting pouring, become the ingot casting of diameter 100mm, by ingot casting through 450 ℃, after the homogenization treatment of 24 hours, carry out hot extrusion, extrusion ratio 16:1, extruded rod diameter 25mm; To carrying out " magnetic viscous deformation separately " and " independent electric viscous deformation " and " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " contrast experiment after 475 ℃ of solid solutions of sample enforcement 2 hours and the thermal treatment in 24 hours of 120 ℃ of timeliness.
(Al when table 1 is " magnetic viscous deformation separately "
3zr
(s)+ Al
2o
3 (s))
pthe unit elongation of/7055 aluminum matrix composites, significant parameter comprises magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, action time etc.; (Al when table 2 is " independent electric viscous deformation "
3zr
(s)+ Al
2o
3 (s))
pthe unit elongation of/7055 aluminum matrix composites, significant parameter comprises type of electric field, strength of electric field, action time etc.; (Al when table 3 is " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation "
3zr
(s)+ Al
2o
3 (s))
pthe unit elongation of/7055 aluminum matrix composites, significant parameter comprises magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, type of electric field, strength of electric field, action time etc.;
In table 1,2,3, all provided the unit elongation numerical value of matrix material while not applying any physical field as blank sample, unit elongation value after magnetic field, electric field and electromagnetic coupled field apply and blank sample contrast and draw unit elongation amplification value, with this, weigh the effect of material plasticity deformability under different parameters.
(Al during table 1 " magnetic viscous deformation separately "
3
zr
(s)
+ Al
2
o
3 (s)
)
p
the unit elongation of/7055 aluminum matrix composites
Table 1 result shows: for (Al
3zr
(s)+ Al
2o
3 (s))
p/ 7055 aluminum matrix composites, while applying magnetic field separately, when treatment time one timing, magnetic induction density is larger, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 1,2,3); When magnetic induction density one timing, the treatment time is longer, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 4,5,6), and unit elongation amplification scope is 35% ~ 70%.
(Al during table 2 " independent electric viscous deformation "
3
zr
(s)
+ Al
2
o
3 (s)
)
p
the unit elongation of/7055 aluminum matrix composites
Table 2 result shows: for (Al
3zr
(s)+ Al
2o
3 (s))
p/ 7055 aluminum matrix composites, while applying electric field separately, when treatment time one timing, strength of current is larger, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 1,2,3); When magnetic induction density one timing, the treatment time is longer, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 4,5,6), and unit elongation amplification scope is 80% ~ 120%.
(Al under the experiment conditions such as the different electromagnetism of table 3
3
zr
(s)
+ Al
2
o
3 (s)
)
p
the unit elongation * of/7055 aluminum matrix composites
Remarks *: magnetic field type is pulsed magnetic field, type of electric field is pulsed electrical field;
Table 3 result shows: for (Al
3zr
(s)+ Al
2o
3 (s))
p/ 7055 aluminum matrix composites, when Electric and magnetic fields coupling condition carries out Plastic working ", the plastic deformation ability of material is greatly improved, the action effect during higher than " magnetic viscous deformation separately " and " independent electric viscous deformation "; When magnetic field, electric pulse field parameter coupling, can obtain maximum plastic deformation ability especially; Under different Electric and magnetic fields coupling experiment conditions, unit elongation amplification scope is 200% ~ 400%.
embodiment bis-: high-ductility TiB
2
viscous deformation feature under the preparation of Aluminum-based Foundry Composites Reinforced with Particles and different condition
What this kind of aluminum matrix composite had is characterized as: micro-nano granules strengthens cast aluminum base composite material, selects TiB
2particle, as strengthening phase, selects cast aluminium alloy A356 as matrix alloy, is denoted as TiB
2p/ A356, the preparation method of matrix material is:
Melting A356 aluminium alloy (Si:7 %, Mg:0.3%, is mass percent, all the other are aluminium), with potassium fluotitanate K
2tiF
6with potassium fluoborate KBF
4as reacting salt, grain volume fraction is designed to 3vol.%, according to formula (2) reaction metering equation, according to experiment, sets potassium fluotitanate K
2tiF
6with potassium fluoborate KBF
4recovery rate be 90%, generate 3vol.% TiB
2enhanced granule need to add K
2tiF
6amount is the 18.6%(mass percent of aluminium amount in matrix alloy), the KBF that need to add
4amount is the 19.5%(mass percent of aluminium amount in matrix alloy).
2?K
2TiF
6+2KBF
4+5Al=TiAl
3+TiB
2+6KF+2AlF
3+4F
2（2）
When 750 ℃ of melt temperatures, by mixing salt reaction method, prepare TiB
2particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, grain volume fraction is controlled at 3%, particle size range is that 200 ~ 500nm is at nearly nanoscale, by copper crystallizer semi-continuous casting pouring, become the ingot casting of diameter 100mm, to carrying out " magnetic viscous deformation separately " and " independent electric viscous deformation " and " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " contrast experiment after the thermal treatment of ingot casting 535 ℃ of solid solution 4h of enforcement and 150 ℃ of timeliness 15h.
TiB when table 4 is " magnetic viscous deformation separately "
2pthe unit elongation of/A356 aluminum matrix composite, significant parameter comprises magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, action time etc.; TiB when table 5 is " independent electric viscous deformation "
2pthe unit elongation of/A356 aluminum matrix composite, significant parameter comprises type of electric field, strength of electric field, action time etc.; TiB when table 6 is " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation "
2pthe unit elongation of/A356 aluminum matrix composite, significant parameter comprises magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, type of electric field, strength of electric field, action time etc.;
In table 4,5,6, all provided the unit elongation numerical value of matrix material while not applying any physical field as blank sample, unit elongation value after magnetic field, electric field and electromagnetic coupled field apply and blank sample contrast and draw unit elongation amplification value, with this, weigh the effect of material plasticity deformability under different parameters.
tiB during table 4 " magnetic viscous deformation separately "
2p
the unit elongation of/A356 aluminum matrix composite
Table 4 result shows: while applying magnetic field separately, when treatment time one timing, magnetic induction density is larger, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 1,2,3); When magnetic induction density one timing, the treatment time is longer, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 4,5,6), and unit elongation amplification scope is 35% ~ 70%.
tiB during table 5 " independent electric viscous deformation "
2p
the unit elongation of/A356 aluminum matrix composite
Table 5 result shows: for TiB
2p/ A356 aluminum matrix composite, while applying electric field separately, when treatment time one timing, strength of current is larger, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 1,2,3); When magnetic induction density one timing, the treatment time is longer, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 4,5,6), and unit elongation amplification scope is 80% ~ 120%.
tiB under the experiment conditions such as the different electromagnetism of table 6
2p
the unit elongation * of/A356 aluminum matrix composite
Remarks *: magnetic field type is pulsed magnetic field, type of electric field is pulsed electrical field;
Table 6 result shows: for TiB
2p/ A356 aluminum matrix composite, when Electric and magnetic fields coupling condition carries out Plastic working ", the plastic deformation ability of material is greatly improved, the action effect during higher than " magnetic viscous deformation separately " and " independent electric viscous deformation "; When magnetic field, electric pulse field parameter coupling, can obtain maximum plastic deformation ability especially; Under different Electric and magnetic fields coupling experiment conditions, unit elongation amplification scope is 200% ~ 400%.
embodiment tri-: viscous deformation feature under the preparation of high-ductility SiC fiber reinforcement distortion aluminum matrix composite and different condition
What this kind of aluminum matrix composite had is characterized as: fiber reinforcement distortion aluminum matrix composite, and select SiC fiber as matrix material, select 2024 wrought aluminium alloies as matrix alloy, be denoted as SiC
f/ 2024
,the preparation method of matrix material is:
By melting 2024 aluminium alloy (Cu:4.18%, Mg:1.44%, Mn:0.58%, Si:0.06%, all the other are Al) liquid forces to be pressed into the fixedly die cavity of built-in SiC fiber preform, pressure 20MPa used, pressure is applied to always and solidifies end, prepare SiC fiber reinforcement 2024 aluminum matrix composites, now fiber volume fraction is controlled as 5vol.%, SiC density 3.17 * 10
3kg/m
3the SiC fiber quality adding is the 6.4%(mass percent of Aluminum in Alloy amount), sample is square, size 100mm * 100mm * 100mm, sample is processed through three passage rollings, be rolled into the thin plate that thickness is 10mm, will after the thermal treatment of thin plate 490 ℃ of solid solution 3h of enforcement and 190 ℃ of timeliness 10h, carry out " magnetic viscous deformation separately " and " independent electric viscous deformation " and " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation " contrast experiment.
SiC when table 7 is " magnetic viscous deformation separately "
fthe unit elongation of/2024 aluminum matrix composites, significant parameter comprises magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, action time etc.; SiC when table 8 is " independent electric viscous deformation "
fthe unit elongation of/2024 aluminum matrix composites, significant parameter comprises type of electric field, strength of electric field, action time etc.; SiC when table 9 is " electromagnetic coupled viscous deformation "
fthe unit elongation of/2024 aluminum matrix composites, significant parameter comprises magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, type of electric field, strength of electric field, action time etc.;
In table 7,8,9, all provided the unit elongation numerical value of matrix material while not applying any physical field as blank sample, unit elongation value after magnetic field, electric field and electromagnetic coupled field apply and blank sample contrast and draw unit elongation amplification value, with this, weigh the effect of material plasticity deformability under different parameters.
siC during table 7 " magnetic viscous deformation separately "
f
the unit elongation of/2024 aluminum matrix composites
Table 7 result shows: while applying magnetic field separately, when treatment time one timing, magnetic induction density is larger, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 1,2,3); When magnetic induction density one timing, the treatment time is longer, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 4,5,6), and unit elongation amplification scope is 35% ~ 70%.
siC during table 8 " independent electric viscous deformation "
f
the unit elongation of/2024 aluminum matrix composites
Table 8 result shows: for SiC
f/ 2024 aluminum matrix composites, while applying electric field separately, when treatment time one timing, strength of current is larger, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 1,2,3); When magnetic induction density one timing, the treatment time is longer, plastic deformation ability stronger (as shown in above 4,5,6), and unit elongation amplification scope is 80% ~ 120%.
siC under the experiment conditions such as the different electromagnetism of table 9
f
the unit elongation * of/2024 aluminum matrix composites
Remarks *: magnetic field type is pulsed magnetic field, type of electric field is pulsed electrical field;
Table 9 result shows: for SiC
f/ 2024 aluminum matrix composites, when Electric and magnetic fields coupling condition carries out Plastic working ", the plastic deformation ability of material is greatly improved, the action effect during higher than " magnetic viscous deformation separately " and " independent electric viscous deformation "; When magnetic field, electric pulse field parameter coupling, can obtain maximum plastic deformation ability especially; Under different Electric and magnetic fields coupling experiment conditions, unit elongation amplification scope is 200% ~ 400%.
Claims (6)
1. an electromagnetic coupling method that improves aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability, it is 200% ~ 400% that unit elongation improves amplitude range, it is characterized in that: aluminum matrix composite is applied to magnetic field and electric field simultaneously, by coordination controlling magnetic field type, magnetic induction density, electric field kind, strength of electric field, coupled field, realize the significantly raising of material unit elongation action time.
2. a kind of electromagnetic coupled side of improving aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability as claimed in claim 1
Method, is characterized in that: select high-density pulsed electrical field, strength of electric field
iscope 1 ~ 20A; Magnetic field type is pulsed magnetic field, magnetic induction density
bscope 1 ~ 30T.
3. a kind of electromagnetic coupled side of improving aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability as claimed in claim 2
Method, is characterized in that: when electric pulse field parameter and magnetic field parameter coupling, material has higher plastic deformation ability, that is: as strength of electric field 1A <
iduring≤10A, with it coupling pulsed magnetic field magnetic induction density scope be 15T≤
b≤ 30A; As strength of electric field 10A <
iduring≤20A, with it coupling pulsed magnetic field magnetic induction density scope be 1T≤
b< 15T; Coupled field action time is 20s ~ 200s.
4. a kind of electromagnetic coupled side of improving aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability as claimed in claim 3
Method, is characterized in that: when
i=10A,
bduring=15T, material unit elongation amplification value is maximum.
5. a kind of electromagnetic coupled side of improving aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability as claimed in claim 1
Method, is characterized in that: the wild phase that described aluminum matrix composite is introduced will have lattice match relation with matrix, i.e. lattice misfit degree≤5%; Require wild phase to there is micro-or nano size, i.e. wild phase dimensional requirement≤1 μ m; Require wild phase to distribute in disperse in matrix, not occur that local reunion is as the criterion, if will quantitatively weigh, require particle and ambient particles minimum spacing >=0.5 μ m, average headway is advisable at 1 ~ 5 μ m.
6. a kind of electromagnetic coupled side of improving aluminum matrix composite plastic deformation ability as claimed in claim 1
Method, is characterized in that: described aluminum matrix composite should carry out early stage to be processed; If matrix is casting alloy, carry out solid solution aging processing according to the conventional heat treating regime of matrix; If matrix is wrought aluminium alloy, according to routine, to first passes through homogeneous anneal and extruding or rolling deformation processing, then carry out solid solution aging processing.
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