CN109295356A - A kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109295356A CN109295356A CN201811519776.9A CN201811519776A CN109295356A CN 109295356 A CN109295356 A CN 109295356A CN 201811519776 A CN201811519776 A CN 201811519776A CN 109295356 A CN109295356 A CN 109295356A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
A kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof, the ingredient of the alloy is expressed in weight percent, including Si 4-7, Fe 0.1-0.6, Mg 0.3-0.7, Ti 0.5-1.5, Cr 0.1-0.3, B 0.05-0.2, Zn 0.1-0.3, rare earth RE 0.1-1, remaining is aluminium.Aluminium alloy the preparation method is as follows: preparatory check the water route of intermediate frequency furnace, circuit, after checking safety, raw material is put into large-scale graphite crucible, prepare melting, after preheating, adjusts the temperature to 820 ± 10 DEG C, 2~3h of melting, then aluminium alloy is carried out Equal-channel Angular Pressing processing, finally obtains product by moulding by casting.The present invention can obtain following the utility model has the advantages that compared to traditional plastic deformation processing method, the aluminum alloy materials prepared using Equal-channel Angular Pressing technology, ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure can be obtained, aluminium grain is having a size of 100~200nm, homogenization distribution is presented in crystal grain, very high tensile strength can be obtained, and due to the compatible deformation of crystal grain, so that material obtains higher plasticity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the melting field of aluminium alloy extrusions, more particularly, to a kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy and its
Preparation method.
Background technique
Super fine crystal material refers to that in three-dimensional space at least one dimension be the material in sub-micron number (100nm < d < 1 μm)
Material, the material have the superplasticity under high intensity and high temperature at room temperature.Using traditional melting technique and plastic processing at
Type method, prepared material is unable to reach Ultra-fine Grained size class, needless to say reaches Nano grade.Using big plasticity shape
Political reform (SPD method) can solve this problem, can obtain super fine crystal material tissue or even nano-structure, and this method includes height
Press torsional technique, Equal-channel Angular Pressing method, multiway forging and accumulative pack rolling method, the purpose is to by crystallite dimension shearing to less than
1000nm.Wherein Equal-channel Angular Pressing method is a kind of excellent big plastic deformation method, and the principle of material preparation is as follows: to
Extruded sample under external force, by being formed by two with certain knuckle and the identical channel in cross section, passes through
Multi-pass squeezes constantly adds up shear stress on the surface of the material, and under shear action, coarse grain is ground into a series of tools
Have the subgrain of low-angle boundary, subgrain along the elongated tissue that becomes band of certain orientation, subgrain bandwidth be generally several microns or
Sub-micron;Then, subgrain continues to destroy, and starts the equiaxed grain structure that part has high-angle boundary occur;Finally, subgrain band
Disappear, microscopic structure is mainly to have the equiaxed grain structure of high-angle boundary, crystal grain phase difference with the increase of shear deformation and
Increase, eventually leads to crystal grain refinement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of high-ductilities, high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof, utilize Equal-channel Angular Pressing skill
Art prepares ultrafine-grained aluminum-based alloy, the material of preparation mechanical strength with higher and plasticity.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, the ingredient of the alloy is expressed in weight percent, including Si 4~7, Fe
0.1~0.6, Mg 0.3~0.7, Ti 0.5~1.5, Cr 0.1~0.3, B 0.05~0.2, Zn 0.1~0.3, rare earth RE
0.1~1, remaining is aluminium.
Further, the rare earth RE can choose lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium,
Lutetium, yttrium, any one in scandium and its any two or more compoundings mixture.
Further, the tensile strength of the alloy is 505~560MPa, and elongation percentage is 20~30%.
Further, a kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) water route of intermediate frequency furnace, circuit are checked in advance, confirm that the equal water flowing of all water pipes is unimpeded and check circuit whether there is or not screws
The abnormal conditions such as loosening;
(2) all raw materials are cut using sawing machine, fritter are made, according to the weight proportion of each ingredient of aluminium alloy, weighs raw material,
It is put into large-scale graphite crucible together;
(3) before melting, power supply, preparatory baker and baking material are opened, electric current is adjusted by control panel and voltage controls temperature,
Oven drying temperature is 350 ± 10 DEG C, and the time is 35 ± 5min;
(4) continue to adjust the electric current and voltage on control panel, be warming up to 820 ± 10 DEG C, be maintained at this temperature range,
Smelting time is 2~3h;
(5) after melting, refining agent is added in aluminium alloy and refines degasification, then time 10min is poured
Casting is cast on the copper mould preheated in advance with iron plate shelves slag, after alloy melt solidifies completely, is opened mold and is taken out aluminium alloy
Ingot casting.
(6) Equal-channel Angular Pressing processing is carried out to the aluminium alloy cast ingot after melting, to aluminium alloy extruded sample in external force
Under effect, by being formed by two with certain knuckle and the identical channel in cross section, squeezing passage is 12 times, is squeezed
Complete final acquisition alloy product.
Further, the rare earth RE is added in the form of Al-RE intermediate alloy, Al and RE in Al-RE intermediate alloy
Weight ratio is 5:1-9:1.
Further, the knuckle value range in step (6) is 90-150 °.
Further, the formula of the refining agent be KNO3 70-80 parts, 50-60 parts of NaF, 40-60 parts of LiF, ice crystal
20-25 parts of stone, AlF310-25 parts, Ce (NO3)320-30 parts.
The present invention can obtain by adopting the above technical scheme it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The aluminum alloy materials prepared using Equal-channel Angular Pressing technology can obtain ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure, aluminium grain ruler
Very little is 100-200nm, and homogenization distribution is presented in crystal grain, can obtain very high tensile strength, and since the coordination of crystal grain becomes
Shape, so that material obtains higher plasticity, the material of preparation possesses good application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the TEM shape appearance figure of aluminium alloy aluminum substrate prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the aluminium alloy aluminum substrate SEM shape appearance figure handled without Equal-channel Angular Pressing.
Specific embodiment
The aluminium ingot that is used in the embodiment of the present invention, magnesium ingot, zinc ingot metal, pure iron, chromium block, boron powder, titanium sponge purity by weight >=
Purity by weight >=99.7wt.% of 99.9wt.%, 2202# industrial silicon and rare earth metal RE.
The melting of aluminium alloy is carried out in the embodiment of the present invention using intermediate frequency furnace.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, the ingredient of the alloy is expressed in weight percent, including Si 4, Fe
0.1, Mg 0.3, Ti 0.5, Cr 0.1, B 0.05, Zn 0.1, Rare-Earth Ce 0.5, Al 94.35.
A kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) water route of intermediate frequency furnace, circuit are checked in advance, confirm that the equal water flowing of all water pipes is unimpeded and check circuit whether there is or not screws
The abnormal conditions such as loosening;
(2) all raw materials are cut using sawing machine, fritter are made, according to the weight proportion of each ingredient of aluminium alloy, weighs raw material,
It is put into large-scale graphite crucible together;
(3) before melting, power supply, preparatory baker and baking material are opened, electric current is adjusted by control panel and voltage controls temperature,
Oven drying temperature is 350 ± 10 DEG C, and the time is 35 ± 5min;
(4) continue to adjust the electric current and voltage on control panel, be warming up to 820 ± 10 DEG C, be maintained at this temperature range,
Smelting time is 2~3h;
(5) after melting, refining agent is added in aluminium alloy and refines degasification, then time 10min is poured
Casting, with iron plate shelves slag when casting, and melt is slowly poured on the copper mould preheated in advance, after alloy melt solidifies completely,
It opens mold and takes out aluminium alloy cast ingot;
(6) Equal-channel Angular Pressing processing is carried out to the aluminium alloy cast ingot after melting, to aluminium alloy extruded sample in external force
Under effect, by being formed by two with certain knuckle and the identical channel in cross section, squeezing passage is 12 times, deformation
Temperature is 300 DEG C, extrusion speed 15mm/s, squeezes and completes final to obtain alloy product.
Rare earth metal is added in the form of Al-10Ce intermediate alloy, and fusion process is as follows:, will be dilute at 730 ± 10 DEG C
Native Ce is added in aluminum melt, directly pours into small ingot after rare earth metal fusing.
Knuckle value range in step (6) is 90~150 °.
The formula of the refining agent is KNO370~80 parts, 50~60 parts of NaF, 40~60 parts of LiF, ice crystal 20~
25 parts, AlF310~25 parts, Ce (NO3)320~30 parts.
The Rare-Earth Ce could alternatively be lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium, in scandium
The mixture of any one and its any two or more compoundings.
Embodiment 2: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, a kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, the ingredient of the alloy is with weight
Percentage is measured to indicate, including Si 7, Fe 0.6, Mg 0.7, Ti 1.5, Cr 0.3, B 0.2, Zn 0.3, Rare-Earth Ce 0.5,
Rare earth Pr 0.5, Al 88.4.Rare earth intermediate alloy used in fusion process is Al-11Ce-5Pr.
The Rare-Earth Ce and Pr could alternatively be lanthanum, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium, scandium
In any one.
Embodiment 3: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, a kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, the ingredient of the alloy is with weight
Percentage is measured to indicate, including Si 5.5, Fe 0.35, Mg 0.5, Ti 1, Cr 0.2, B 0.13, Zn 0.2, Rare-Earth Ce
0.5, rare earth Pr 0.3, rare earth Nd 0.2, Al 91.12.Rare earth intermediate alloy used in fusion process is Al-5Ce-5Pr-
5Nd。
The Rare-Earth Ce, Pr and Nd could alternatively be lanthanum, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium, scandium
In any one.
Comparative example 1: the difference from embodiment 1 is that, without Equal-channel Angular Pressing, and alloying component and embodiment 1
Equally;
Comparative example 2: the difference from example 2 is that, without Equal-channel Angular Pressing, and alloying component and embodiment 2
Equally;
Comparative example 3: the difference with embodiment 3 is, without Equal-channel Angular Pressing, and alloying component and embodiment 3
Equally;
Performance detection
By aluminum alloy sample prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1~3, according to GB/T 228.1-2010 " metal material
Expect tension test standard " tensile property test under room temperature is carried out, test the results are shown in Table 1.
The mechanical performance data list of aluminium alloy prepared by 1 Examples 1 to 3 of table and comparative example 1~3
Case | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation percentage (%) |
Embodiment 1 | 505 | 20 |
Embodiment 2 | 530 | 27 |
Embodiment 3 | 560 | 30 |
Comparative example 1 | 320 | 16 |
Comparative example 2 | 355 | 20 |
Comparative example 3 | 378 | 18 |
Table 1 shows the mechanical property of aluminium alloy prepared by Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1~3, as the result is shown compared to
Comparative example 1~3, the tensile strength of Examples 1 to 3, elongation percentage, increases, this is because by Equal-channel Angular Pressing
The processing of multi-pass constantly accumulates shear strain, finally causes crystal grain refinement, according to Hall-Bi Qi (Hall-Petch) public affairs
Formula, i.e. crystal grain are more tiny, and hardness is higher, and tensile strength is bigger, and under external force, can cause between tiny crystal grain
Compatible deformation causes alloy elongation percentage to improve, plasticity enhancing.After the processing of 12 passage of Equal-channel Angular Pressing, crystal grain ruler
Very little to refine to 100~200nm, aluminium base body tissue exists in the form of equiax crystal, sees Fig. 1.And in comparative example 1~3 without etc.
Channel angular extrusion processing, and based on equiax crystal, the range of crystallite dimension is 10~30 μm, sees Fig. 2.
The present invention provides a kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof, the present invention, which can obtain, following to be had
Beneficial effect:
Compared to traditional plastic deformation processing method, the aluminium alloy material prepared using Equal-channel Angular Pressing technology
Material can obtain ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure, and for aluminium grain having a size of 100~200nm, homogenization distribution is presented in crystal grain, can obtain very high
Tensile strength, and due to the compatible deformation of crystal grain, so that material obtains higher plasticity, the material of preparation possesses very well
Application prospect.
Specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not the limitation to invention, and those skilled in the art exist
It can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as in invention
All by the protection of Patent Law in scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-ductility, high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that the ingredient of the alloy is expressed in weight percent, including
Si 4~7, Fe 0.1~0.6, Mg 0.3~0.7, Ti 0.5~1.5, Cr 0.1~0.3, B 0.05~0.2, Zn 0.1~
0.3, rare earth RE 0.1~1, remaining is aluminium.
2. high-ductility according to claim 1, high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that the rare earth RE can choose lanthanum,
Cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium, any one in scandium and its any two or more compoundings
Mixture.
3. high-ductility according to claim 1, high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that the tensile strength of the alloy is 505
~560MPa, elongation percentage are 20~30%.
4. high-ductility described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that tool
Preparation step is as follows:
1) water route of intermediate frequency furnace, circuit are checked in advance, confirm that the equal water flowing of all water pipes is unimpeded and check circuit whether there is or not loosened screws
Etc. abnormal conditions;
2) all raw materials are cut using sawing machine, fritter is made, according to the weight proportion of each ingredient of aluminium alloy, weighs raw material, together
It is put into large-scale graphite crucible;
3) before melting, power supply, preparatory baker and baking material are opened, electric current is adjusted by control panel and voltage controls temperature, baker
Temperature is 350 ± 10 DEG C, and the time is 35 ± 5min;
4) continue to adjust the electric current and voltage on control panel, be warming up to 820 ± 10 DEG C, be maintained at this temperature range, melting
Time is 2~3h;
5) after melting, refining agent is added in aluminium alloy and refines degasification, then time 10min casts, uses iron
Plate shelves slag is cast on the copper mould preheated in advance, after alloy melt solidifies completely, is opened mold and is taken out aluminium alloy cast ingot;
6) Equal-channel Angular Pressing processing is carried out to the aluminium alloy cast ingot after melting, to aluminium alloy extruded sample in external force
Under, by being formed by two with certain knuckle and the identical channel in cross section, squeezing passage is 12 times, squeezes and completes
It is final to obtain alloy product.
5. high-ductility according to claim 4, the preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that the rare earth RE
It is added in the form of Al-RE intermediate alloy, the weight ratio of Al and RE is 5:1~9:1 in Al-RE intermediate alloy.
6. high-ductility according to claim 4, the preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that in step (6)
Knuckle value range is 90~150 °.
7. high-ductility according to claim 4, the preparation method of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is characterized in that the refining agent
Formula be 70~80 parts of KNO3,50~60 parts of NaF, 40~60 parts of LiF, 20~25 parts of ice crystal, 10~25 parts of AlF3,
3 20~30 parts of Ce (NO3).
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112030042A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-12-04 | 河海大学 | Gd-containing rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN113584356A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏库纳实业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy automobile body plate and preparation method thereof |
CN113584334A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏库纳实业有限公司 | Production process of aluminum alloy section for automobile |
CN115637355A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-24 | 宁波工程学院 | High-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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CN103031473A (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Processing method of high-toughness Al-Si system die-casting aluminum alloy |
KR20140041285A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-04 | 현대제철 주식회사 | High strength al-mg-si based alloy and method of manufacturing the same |
CN104630579A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-20 | 苏州市神龙门窗有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material for doors and windows and preparation process thereof |
CN108570633A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Improve the preparation method of 6xxx line aluminium alloy friction and wear behaviors |
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2018
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103031473A (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Processing method of high-toughness Al-Si system die-casting aluminum alloy |
KR20140041285A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-04 | 현대제철 주식회사 | High strength al-mg-si based alloy and method of manufacturing the same |
CN104630579A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-20 | 苏州市神龙门窗有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material for doors and windows and preparation process thereof |
CN108570633A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Improve the preparation method of 6xxx line aluminium alloy friction and wear behaviors |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112030042A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-12-04 | 河海大学 | Gd-containing rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN113584356A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏库纳实业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy automobile body plate and preparation method thereof |
CN113584334A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏库纳实业有限公司 | Production process of aluminum alloy section for automobile |
CN115637355A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-24 | 宁波工程学院 | High-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190201 |