CN115055531B - Production method of surface non-defective automobile suspension spring - Google Patents
Production method of surface non-defective automobile suspension spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN115055531B CN115055531B CN202210604437.0A CN202210604437A CN115055531B CN 115055531 B CN115055531 B CN 115055531B CN 202210604437 A CN202210604437 A CN 202210604437A CN 115055531 B CN115055531 B CN 115055531B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008645 cold stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910008458 Si—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/045—Manufacture of wire or bars with particular section or properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of a surface non-defective automotive suspension spring, which comprises the steps of billet blank off-line slow cooling, continuous rolling and cogging, billet full grinding, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection; the continuous rolling adopts a cold-charging heating mode to remove the billet heating cracking defect, and the billet is entirely polished to remove the billet decarburization and cracking defect; the corners of the steel billets are chamfered and smoothly transited, and the defects of sharp corner heating decarburization are removed; adopting a rolling groove to roll in a first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of an inlet double module is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is threaded at 820-880 ℃, and the depth of surface defects of the wire rod after threaded is controlled below 50 microns; drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material; adopting medium frequency induction to heat the straight coil, and using waste heat to form the coil spring; the invention realizes the defect-free surface of the automobile suspension spring, greatly improves the fatigue of the suspension spring and has stable comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile suspension spring, in particular to a production method of an automobile suspension spring without surface defect.
Background
The 55SiCr spring steel is Si-Cr spring steel, is commonly used for manufacturing automobile suspension springs, is the most widely used steel type in Si-Cr, and has good fatigue resistance, elastic reduction resistance, mechanical property and the like during use, so that more severe requirements are put on the physical quality of the steel type. Wherein the surface quality index is one of indexes which have great influence on the fatigue performance of the spring steel.
The maximum surface stress mostly occurs on the surface layer of the spring material, so that the surface quality of the spring has a great influence on the fatigue strength, and the surface quality can be classified into a surface defect index and a decarburization index. Defects such as cracks, flaws and flaws caused by the spring material in continuous casting, rolling, drawing and coiling processes often cause fatigue fracture of the spring, and serious decarburization of the material can also finally cause the reduction of fatigue performance. Therefore, how to control the surface quality of the material in the whole process to realize the surface defect-free is a troublesome problem to be solved at present.
The existing production process of the automotive suspension spring comprises the following steps of: continuous casting billet (cogging), wire rod rolling, wire rod drawing, heat treatment, cold coil spring stabilizing treatment, strong pressing and shot blasting to obtain the finished product. In the cold rolling process, after the spring steel wire is wound, if quality problems exist on the surface, the delayed fracture risk of the steel wire can be increased, the fracture problem can also occur during the coiling process, and the spring breakage problem can also occur during the use process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a production method of an automobile suspension spring without surface defect, which solves the problem of reduced fatigue performance of a finished spring caused by the surface problem.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A production method of a surface non-defective automobile suspension spring comprises the following steps: billet production, billet heating, rolling, wire rod drawing and grinding, hot coil spring, heat treatment, strong pressure shot blasting, coating and load sorting; the method comprises the following specific steps:
Steel billet production: performing slow cooling and continuous rolling on square casting blanks, and performing full grinding, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection on the billets after cogging; the continuous rolling adopts a cold-charging heating mode to remove the billet heating cracking defect, and the billet is entirely polished to remove the billet decarburization and cracking defect; the corners of the steel billets are chamfered and smoothly transited, and the defects of sharp corner heating decarburization are removed;
secondly, square billet heating: heating the square billet at a low temperature of 900-1050 ℃; the air-coal ratio of each heating section of the heating furnace atmosphere adjustment process is controlled below 1.8;
Thirdly, rolling and wire rod rolling: adopting a rolling groove to roll in a first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of an inlet double module is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is threaded at 820-880 ℃, and the depth of surface defects of the wire rod after threaded is controlled below 50 microns;
Fourth, drawing grinding: drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material, and performing online eddy current inspection;
fifth, hot coil spring: heating the straight coil by adopting medium frequency induction, wherein the heating temperature is 900-980 ℃, and the heating time is 1-3 minutes; performing coil spring forming by using waste heat;
sixth, heat treatment: the spring adopts a quenching and medium temperature tempering process, the quenching temperature is 880-930 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 400-500 ℃;
Seventh, strong pressure shot blasting: performing hot pressing and pre-shot blasting treatment by using waste heat, removing surface defects, and then performing cold pressing setting and stress shot blasting;
eighth, coating and load sorting:
In the first step, the size of a continuous rolling cogging is 160mm, the grinding quantity of a single side of a billet is 1-3mm, the angle lead of the billet is 45 degrees+/-5 degrees, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity is phi 2.
In the third step, the diameter of the coil rod is 15-25mm.
And in the fourth step, the cutting length of the straight strip is 1000-6000mm, and the grinding quantity of one side of the straight strip is 50-150 micrometers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The automobile suspension spring produced by the process provided by the invention has the advantages that the surface is free from defects, the fatigue of the suspension spring is greatly improved, and the comprehensive performance is stable. The fatigue performance can be stabilized to more than 100 ten thousand times without breaking, and the requirement of an automobile suspension spring product is well met. Compared with the automobile suspension spring produced by the traditional cold rolling spring process, the cold rolling spring stabilizing process is omitted. And the waste heat is utilized for quenching, so that energy sources are saved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
A production method of a surface non-defective automobile suspension spring comprises the following steps: billet production, billet heating, rolling, wire rod drawing and grinding, hot coil spring, heat treatment, strong pressure shot blasting, coating and load sorting; the method comprises the following specific steps:
steel billet production: continuous casting of large square billets, continuous rolling cogging, full grinding, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection
Slowly cooling the casting blank down; the defect of casting blank crack caused by too fast cooling speed is avoided; the continuous rolling adopts a cold-charging heating mode, so that the phenomenon that the surface quality of the steel billet is affected due to the heating cracking of the steel billet caused by the structural stress in hot charging of alloy steel is avoided; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm, the grinding amount of one side of the billet is 1-3mm, and the billet decarburization and crack defects are removed; the angle lead of the steel billet angle is 45 degrees plus or minus 5 degrees and smoothly transits, so that serious decarburization at the sharp angle of the steel billet is avoided when the wire is heated; the quality of the surface and the subcutaneous steel billet is ensured by adopting a magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2;
secondly, square billet heating: heating the square billet at a low temperature of 900-1050 ℃; the air-coal ratio of each heating section of the heating furnace atmosphere adjustment process is controlled below 1.8;
Thirdly, rolling and wire rod rolling: adopting a rolling groove to roll in a first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of an inlet double module is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is at 820-880 ℃, the diameter of the wire rod after wire rod is 15-25mm, and the depth of the surface defect of the wire rod is controlled below 50 microns by combining an online hot eye detection technology;
Fourth, drawing grinding: drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material, and performing online eddy current inspection;
fifth, hot coil spring: heating the straight coil by adopting medium frequency induction, wherein the heating temperature is 900-980 ℃, and the heating time is 1-3 minutes; and (5) forming the coil spring by using waste heat. The waste heat is utilized for hot rolling forming, so that energy sources are saved;
Sixth, heat treatment: the spring adopts a quenching and medium temperature tempering process, the quenching temperature is 880-930 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 400-500 ℃; the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining an eddy current flaw detection process;
Seventh, strong pressure shot blasting: performing hot pressing and pre-shot blasting treatment by using waste heat, removing surface defects, and then performing cold pressing setting and stress shot blasting; obtaining a spring with high fatigue performance;
eighth, coating and load sorting; and the corrosion resistance and the consistency of the springs are ensured.
The automobile suspension spring starts to control surface quality control from raw materials, and ensures the surface quality of a billet by adopting modes of continuous casting blank off-line slow cooling, continuous rolling blank full grinding and the like; the wire rod is rolled without defects by controlling a wire rod heating process and a rolling process; the finished spring is ensured to be defect-free by adopting a drawing, grinding to form a straight strip and hot rolling and yellow processing control mode; through the control of the links, the surface of the finished spring is free from defects, and the fatigue performance of the finished spring is greatly improved.
Taking 55SiCr automobile suspension springs as an example.
Example 1
The production method of the surface non-defective automobile suspension spring specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) billet production: the square blank is obtained by adopting a full coping process, a magnetic powder flaw detection process and an ultrasonic flaw detection process after adopting the offline slow cooling and continuous rolling cogging of the square blank. Wherein, the smelting casting blank adopts a down-line slow cooling process to avoid the crack defect of the casting blank generated by the excessively fast cooling speed; the continuous rolling adopts a cold-charging heating mode to avoid the phenomenon that the surface quality of the steel billet is affected due to the heat cracking of the steel billet caused by the structural stress in hot charging of alloy steel; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm, the grinding amount of one side of the billet is 1.5mm, and the billet decarburization and crack defects are removed; the angle of the steel billet corner is 45 degrees and smoothly transits, so that severe decarburization is avoided at the steel billet sharp corner during wire heating; the quality of the surface and the subcutaneous steel billet is ensured by adopting a magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2.
2. Heating square billets: the low-temperature rapid heating and heating furnace atmosphere adjustment process is adopted, so that the generation of full decarburization and serious total decarburization is avoided, and the heating temperature is 1000 ℃.
3. Rolling and wire rod: the rolling groove is adopted for rolling in the first half period, the finish rolling temperature is 880 ℃, the module temperature is 850 ℃, the wire laying temperature is 855 ℃, and the online hot eye detection technology is combined, so that the surface defect depth of the finished wire rod is less than 40 microns, and the diameter of the wire rod is 17mm.
4. Drawing and grinding: drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; the specification of the drawn steel wire is 15.85mm, the cutting length is 1000-6000mm, the single-side grinding amount is 80 microns, the decarburization and surface defects of the material are effectively removed, and the online eddy current flaw detection is combined, so that the straight strip is ensured to be free from defects.
5. Hot coil spring: and the intermediate frequency induction is adopted to heat the straight coil, the heating temperature is 920 ℃, the heating time is 2 minutes, the surface of the material is free from decarburization, and the waste heat is utilized to carry out hot coil forming, so that the energy is saved.
6. And (3) heat treatment: the rapid quenching and medium temperature tempering process is adopted, the quenching temperature is 900 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 450 ℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining an eddy current flaw detection process.
7. Strong pressure shot blasting: pre-stressing and pre-shot blasting treatment are carried out by using the waste heat spring, the surface defects generated by the hot coil spring and the hot stress are removed by pre-shot blasting, then cold stress setting and stress shot blasting are carried out, the spring with high fatigue performance is obtained,
8. Coating and load sorting: and coating and load sorting are carried out, so that corrosion resistance and consistency of springs at the left side and the right side of the car body are ensured.
Example 2
The production method of the surface non-defective automobile suspension spring specifically comprises the following steps:
1. And (3) billet production: the method comprises the steps of adopting a square casting blank off-line slow cooling, and adopting a full coping process, a magnetic powder flaw detection process and an ultrasonic flaw detection process after continuous rolling and cogging. Wherein, the smelting casting blank adopts a down-line slow cooling process to avoid the crack defect of the casting blank generated by the excessively fast cooling speed; the continuous rolling adopts a cold-charging heating mode to avoid the phenomenon that the surface quality of the steel billet is affected due to the heat cracking of the steel billet caused by the structural stress in hot charging of alloy steel; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm, the grinding amount of one side of the billet is 1mm, and the billet decarburization and crack defects are removed; the angle of the steel billet corner is 45 degrees and smoothly transits, so that severe decarburization is avoided at the steel billet sharp corner during wire heating; the quality of the surface and the subcutaneous steel billet is ensured by adopting a magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2.
2. Heating square billets: the low-temperature rapid heating and heating furnace atmosphere adjustment process is adopted, so that the generation of full decarburization and serious total decarburization is avoided, and the heating temperature is controlled at 1020 ℃.
3. Rolling and wire rod: the rolling groove is adopted for rolling in the first half period, the finish rolling temperature is 880 ℃, the wire rod is threaded, the module temperature is 865 ℃, the wire rod is threaded at 860 ℃, and the online hot eye detection technology is combined, so that the surface defect depth of the finished wire rod is less than 30 microns, and the wire rod diameter is 18mm.
4. Drawing and grinding: drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; the diameter of the steel wire is 16.8mm, the cutting length is 1000-6000mm, the single-side grinding amount is 100 microns, the decarburization and surface defects of the material are effectively removed, and the online eddy current flaw detection is combined, so that the straight strip is ensured to be free from defects.
5. Hot coil spring: and heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction, wherein the heating temperature is 925 ℃ and the heating time is 3 minutes. The surface of the material is free from decarburization, and the waste heat is utilized for hot coil forming, so that the energy is saved.
6. And (3) heat treatment: the rapid quenching and medium temperature tempering process is adopted, the quenching temperature is 905 ℃ and the tempering temperature is 445 ℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining an eddy current flaw detection process.
7. Strong pressure shot blasting: pre-stressing and pre-shot blasting treatment are carried out by using the waste heat spring, the surface defects generated by the hot coil spring and the hot stress are removed by pre-shot blasting, then cold stress setting and stress shot blasting are carried out, the spring with high fatigue performance is obtained,
8. Coating and load sorting: and coating and load sorting are carried out, so that corrosion resistance and consistency of springs at the left side and the right side of the car body are ensured.
Example 3
The production method of the surface non-defective automobile suspension spring specifically comprises the following steps:
1. And (3) billet production: the method comprises the steps of adopting a square casting blank off-line slow cooling, and adopting a full coping process, a magnetic powder flaw detection process and an ultrasonic flaw detection process after continuous rolling and cogging. Wherein, the smelting casting blank adopts a down-line slow cooling process to avoid the crack defect of the casting blank generated by the excessively fast cooling speed; the continuous rolling adopts a cold-charging heating mode to avoid the phenomenon that the surface quality of the steel billet is affected due to the heat cracking of the steel billet caused by the structural stress in hot charging of alloy steel; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm, the grinding amount of one side of the billet is 1mm, and the billet decarburization and crack defects are removed; the angle of the steel billet corner is 45 degrees and smoothly transits, so that severe decarburization is avoided at the steel billet sharp corner during wire heating; the quality of the surface and the subcutaneous steel billet is ensured by adopting a magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2.
2. Heating square billets: the low-temperature rapid heating and heating furnace atmosphere adjustment process is adopted, so that the generation of full decarburization and serious total decarburization is avoided, and the heating temperature is controlled at 1050 ℃.
3. Rolling and wire rod: the rolling groove is adopted to roll in the first half period, the finish rolling temperature is 875 ℃, the wire rod is spun, the module temperature is 872 ℃, the wire rod is spun at 870 ℃, and the surface defect depth of the finished wire rod is controlled below 30 micrometers by combining with an online hot-eye detection technology, and the diameter of the wire rod is 20mm.
4. Drawing and grinding: drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; the diameter of the steel wire is 18.85mm, the cutting length is 1000-6000mm, the single-side grinding amount is 100 microns, the decarburization and surface defects of the material are effectively removed, and the online eddy current flaw detection is combined, so that the straight strip is ensured to be free from defects.
5. Hot coil spring: : and heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction, wherein the heating temperature is 930 ℃, and the heating time is 3 minutes. The surface of the material is free from decarburization, and the waste heat is utilized for hot coil forming, so that the energy is saved.
6. And (3) heat treatment: the rapid quenching and medium temperature tempering process is adopted, the quenching temperature is 910 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 460 ℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining an eddy current flaw detection process.
7. Strong pressure shot blasting: pre-stressing and pre-shot blasting treatment are carried out by using the waste heat spring, the surface defects generated by the hot coil spring and the hot stress are removed by pre-shot blasting, then cold stress setting and stress shot blasting are carried out, the spring with high fatigue performance is obtained,
8. Coating and load sorting: and coating and load sorting are carried out, so that corrosion resistance and consistency of springs at the left side and the right side of the car body are ensured. The product index of the examples is shown in Table 1;
table 1: product index
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A production method of a surface non-defective automobile suspension spring is characterized in that the fatigue performance is stable to more than 100 ten thousand times without breaking, and the production method is characterized by comprising the following steps: billet production, billet heating, rolling, wire rod drawing and grinding, hot coil spring, heat treatment, strong pressure shot blasting, coating and load sorting; the method is characterized by omitting a cold coil spring stabilizing treatment process and utilizing waste heat for quenching, and comprises the following specific steps of:
Steel billet production: performing slow cooling and continuous rolling on square casting blanks, and performing full grinding, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection on the billets after cogging; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm or 160mm, the grinding amount of one side of the billet is 1-3mm, the angle lead of the billet is 45 degrees plus or minus 5 degrees, the transition is smooth, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity is phi 2;
secondly, square billet heating: heating the square billet at a low temperature of 900-1050 ℃; the air-coal ratio of each heating section of the heating furnace atmosphere adjustment process is controlled below 1.8;
Thirdly, rolling and wire rod rolling: adopting a rolling groove to roll in a first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of an inlet double module is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is threaded at 820-880 ℃, and the depth of surface defects of the wire rod after threaded is controlled below 50 microns;
fourth, drawing grinding: drawing, winding and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and polishing the cut straight rod; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material;
fifth, hot coil spring: heating the straight coil by adopting medium frequency induction, wherein the heating temperature is 900-930 ℃, and the heating time is 1-3 minutes; performing coil spring forming by using waste heat;
sixth, heat treatment: the spring adopts a quenching and medium temperature tempering process, the quenching temperature is 880-930 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 445-500 ℃;
seventh, strong pressure shot blasting: and (3) performing hot pressing and pre-shot blasting treatment by using waste heat to remove surface defects, and then performing cold pressing setting and stress shot blasting.
2. The method for producing a surface-flawless automotive suspension spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the coil in step three is 15-25mm.
3. The method for producing a surface-flawless automotive suspension spring according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the cut length of the straight bar is 1000-6000mm, and the grinding amount of one side of the straight bar is 50-150 μm.
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Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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