CN115055531A - Production method of automobile suspension spring with defect-free surface - Google Patents
Production method of automobile suspension spring with defect-free surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN115055531A CN115055531A CN202210604437.0A CN202210604437A CN115055531A CN 115055531 A CN115055531 A CN 115055531A CN 202210604437 A CN202210604437 A CN 202210604437A CN 115055531 A CN115055531 A CN 115055531A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008645 cold stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910008458 Si—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000037387 scars Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/045—Manufacture of wire or bars with particular section or properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a vehicle suspension spring with a defect-free surface, which comprises the following steps of slowly cooling a square casting blank, fully grinding a steel blank after continuous rolling and cogging, carrying out magnetic powder inspection and carrying out ultrasonic inspection; the continuous rolling adopts a cold charging and heating mode to remove the defect of heating and cracking of the steel billet, and the steel billet is fully polished to remove the defect of decarburization and cracking of the steel billet; the corner of the billet is chamfered and smoothly transited, and the defect of heating and decarburization of a sharp corner is removed; rolling by using a roller groove in the first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of a double module is 820-880 ℃, the spinning temperature is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is coiled after spinning, and the surface defect depth of the wire rod is controlled to be below 50 micrometers; drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, and polishing the straight rod after cutting; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material; heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction, and forming the coil spring by utilizing waste heat; the invention realizes the defect-free surface of the automobile suspension spring, greatly improves the fatigue of the suspension spring and has stable comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automobile suspension spring, in particular to a production method of an automobile suspension spring with a defect-free surface.
Background
The 55SiCr spring steel is Si-Cr spring steel, is commonly used for manufacturing automobile suspension springs, is the most widely used steel grade in Si-Cr systems, and has good fatigue resistance, anti-impact performance, mechanical property and the like when in use, so that more rigorous requirements are provided for the quality of the steel grade. Wherein the surface quality index is one of indexes which have great influence on the fatigue performance of the spring steel.
The maximum surface stress occurs on the surface layer of the spring material, so the surface quality of the spring has a great influence on the fatigue strength, and the surface quality can be attributed to a surface defect index and a decarburization index. The defects of cracks, defects, scars, and the like of the spring material in the processes of continuous casting, rolling, drawing and coiling are often the reasons of fatigue fracture of the spring, and the fatigue performance is finally reduced due to severe decarburization of the material. Therefore, how to control the surface quality of the material in a full flow and achieve the defect-free surface is a troublesome problem to be solved at present.
The existing production process cold coil spring process of the automobile suspension spring comprises the following steps: continuous casting blank (cogging) — wire rod rolling-wire rod-drawing-heat treatment-cold coil spring-stabilization treatment-strong pressure and shot blasting-finished product. In the cold spring coiling process, after a spring steel wire is wound, if the surface has quality problems, the risk of delayed fracture of the steel wire is increased, the fracture problem can occur during coil coiling, and the spring fracture problem can also occur during use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for producing a vehicle suspension spring with a defect-free surface, and solving the problem of reduction of fatigue performance of a finished spring caused by surface problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a production method of a non-defective-surface automobile suspension spring comprises the following process flows: the method comprises the following steps of billet production, square billet heating, rolling, wire rod rolling, drawing grinding, hot spring coiling, heat treatment, forced shot blasting, coating and load sorting; the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, steel billet production: carrying out offline slow cooling on a square casting blank, carrying out full polishing, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection on a steel blank after continuous rolling and cogging; the continuous rolling adopts a cold charging and heating mode to remove the defect of heating and cracking of the steel billet, and the steel billet is fully polished to remove the defect of decarburization and cracking of the steel billet; the corner of the billet is chamfered and smoothly transited, and the defect of heating and decarburization of a sharp corner is removed;
secondly, heating the square billet: heating the square billet at low temperature, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 900-1050 ℃; the air-coal ratio of each heating section of the heating furnace atmosphere adjusting process is controlled to be below 1.8;
rolling and wire rod rolling: rolling by using a roller groove in the first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of a double module is 820-880 ℃, the spinning temperature is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is coiled after spinning, and the surface defect depth of the wire rod is controlled to be below 50 micrometers;
fourthly, drawing and grinding: drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, and polishing the straight rod after cutting; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material, and carrying out online eddy current inspection;
fifthly, hot coil spring: heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction at 900-980 ℃ for 1-3 minutes; utilizing waste heat to perform coil spring forming;
sixth, heat treatment: the spring adopts a quenching and medium-temperature tempering process, wherein the quenching temperature is 880-;
seventhly, forced shot blasting: carrying out hot pressure strengthening and pre-shot blasting treatment by utilizing waste heat to remove surface defects, and then carrying out cold pressure strengthening and stress shot blasting;
eighthly, coating and load sorting:
in the first step, the continuous rolling cogging size is 160 x 160mm, the full grinding single-side grinding amount of the steel billet is 1-3mm, the angle guide angle of the steel billet is 45 degrees +/-5 degrees, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity is phi 2.
The diameter of the wire rod in the third step is 15-25 mm.
In the fourth step, the cutting length of the straight strip is 1000-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the automobile suspension spring produced by the process realizes no surface defect, greatly improves the fatigue of the suspension spring, and has stable comprehensive performance. The fatigue performance can be stabilized to more than 100 ten thousand times without fracture, and the requirements of automobile suspension spring products are well met. Compared with the automobile suspension spring produced by the traditional cold coil spring process, the cold coil spring stabilizing treatment process is omitted. The waste heat is utilized for quenching, and the energy is saved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A production method of a non-defective-surface automobile suspension spring comprises the following process flows: the method comprises the following steps of billet production, square billet heating, rolling, wire rod rolling, drawing grinding, hot spring coiling, heat treatment, forced shot blasting, coating and load sorting; the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, steel billet production: continuous casting of large square billet, continuous rolling and cogging, full grinding, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection
Casting blank is off-line and slowly cooled; the defect of casting blank cracks caused by too fast cooling speed is avoided; the cold charging and heating mode is adopted in the continuous rolling, so that the condition that the surface quality of the steel billet is influenced by the heating cracking of the steel billet caused by the structural stress of the alloy steel hot charging is avoided; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160 x 160mm, the full grinding single-side grinding amount of the steel billet is 1-3mm, and the decarburization and crack defects of the steel billet are removed; the conduction angles of the steel billet corners are 45 degrees +/-5 degrees and are smoothly transited, so that serious decarburization is avoided at the steel billet sharp corners when the wire rods are heated; the magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process is adopted, so that the quality of surface and subcutaneous steel billets is guaranteed, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2 is ensured;
secondly, square billet heating: heating the square billet at low temperature, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 900-1050 ℃; the air-coal ratio of each heating section of the heating furnace atmosphere adjusting process is controlled to be below 1.8;
rolling and wire rod rolling: rolling by using a roller groove rolling groove in the first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of a double module is 820-880 ℃, the spinning temperature is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod diameter after spinning is 15-25mm, and the wire rod surface defect depth is controlled below 50 micrometers by combining an online hot eye detection technology;
fourthly, drawing and grinding: drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, and polishing the straight rod after cutting; removing decarburization and surface defects of the material, and carrying out online eddy current inspection;
fifthly, hot coil spring: heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction at 900-980 ℃ for 1-3 minutes; and (4) utilizing waste heat to perform coil spring forming. The waste heat is utilized to carry out hot rolling forming, so that energy is saved;
sixth, heat treatment: the spring adopts a quenching and medium-temperature tempering process, wherein the quenching temperature is 880-; the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining the eddy current flaw detection process;
seventhly, forced shot blasting: carrying out hot pressure strengthening and pre-shot blasting treatment by utilizing waste heat to remove surface defects, and then carrying out cold pressure strengthening and stress shot blasting; obtaining a high fatigue performance spring;
eighthly, coating and load sorting; the corrosion resistance and the consistency of the spring are ensured.
The automobile suspension spring controls the surface quality from the raw material, and the surface quality of the steel billet is ensured by adopting the modes of continuous casting blank offline slow cooling, continuous rolling blank full polishing and the like; the defect-free rolling of the wire rod is realized by controlling the wire rod heating process and the rolling process; the defect-free finished spring is ensured by adopting the control modes of drawing, grinding into straight strips and hot coiling to yellow; through the control of the above steps, the finished spring is free of defects on the surface, and the fatigue performance of the finished spring is greatly improved.
Take the production of 55SiCr automobile suspension spring as an example.
Example 1
A production method of a non-defective-surface automobile suspension spring specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) billet production: the method is characterized in that a square billet is obtained by adopting a full grinding process, a magnetic powder inspection process and an ultrasonic inspection process after a square billet is subjected to offline slow cooling and continuous rolling cogging. The smelting casting blank adopts an off-line slow cooling process to avoid the casting blank crack defect caused by too fast cooling speed; the cold charging and heating mode is adopted in the continuous rolling to avoid the influence on the surface quality of the steel billet caused by the heating and cracking of the steel billet due to the structural stress of the alloy steel hot charging; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm, the full grinding single-side grinding amount of the steel billet is 1.5mm, and the decarburization and crack defects of the steel billet are removed; the chamfer angle of the steel billet corner is 45 degrees and is in smooth transition, so that the serious decarburization at the steel billet sharp corner is avoided when the wire is heated; the magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process is adopted, so that the quality of surface and subcutaneous steel billets and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2 are ensured.
2. Heating the square billet: the process of low-temperature rapid heating and furnace atmosphere adjustment is adopted, so that full decarburization and serious total decarburization are avoided, and the heating temperature is 1000 ℃.
3. Rolling and wire rod rolling: rolling by adopting a roller groove rolling process in the first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature is 880 ℃, the module entering temperature is 850 ℃, the spinning temperature is 855 ℃, and the surface defect depth of a finished wire rod is less than 40 micrometers and the diameter of the wire rod is 17mm by combining an online hot eye detection technology.
4. Drawing and grinding: drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, and polishing the straight rod after cutting; the specification of the drawn steel wire is 15.85mm, the cutting length is 1000-6000mm, the single-side grinding amount is 80 microns, the decarburization and the surface defects of the material are effectively removed, and the defect-free straight strip is ensured by combining online eddy current flaw detection.
5. A hot coil spring: the medium-frequency induction is adopted to heat the straight coil, the heating temperature is 920 ℃, the heating time is 2 minutes, the surface of the material is not decarburized, and the waste heat is utilized to carry out hot coil forming, so that the energy is saved.
6. And (3) heat treatment: the rapid quenching and medium-temperature tempering process is adopted, the quenching temperature is 900 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 450 ℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining the eddy current flaw detection process.
7. Forced shot blasting: pre-stressing and pre-shot blasting treatment are carried out by utilizing the waste heat spring, the pre-shot blasting removes surface defects generated by a hot coil spring and hot stress, then cold stress setting and stress shot blasting are carried out to obtain the high fatigue performance spring,
8. coating and load sorting: and coating and load sorting are carried out, so that the corrosion resistance and the consistency of springs on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body are ensured.
Example 2
A production method of a non-defective-surface automobile suspension spring specifically comprises the following steps:
1. steel billet production: the method comprises the steps of taking off a square casting blank, slowly cooling, continuously rolling, cogging, and then carrying out full polishing, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection. The smelting casting blank adopts an off-line slow cooling process to avoid the casting blank crack defect caused by too fast cooling speed; the cold charging and heating mode is adopted in the continuous rolling to avoid the influence on the surface quality of the steel billet caused by the heating and cracking of the steel billet due to the structural stress of the alloy steel hot charging; the continuous rolling cogging size is 160mm, the full grinding single-side grinding amount of the steel billet is 1mm, and the decarburization and crack defects of the steel billet are removed; the chamfer angle of the steel billet corner is 45 degrees and is in smooth transition, so that the serious decarburization at the steel billet sharp corner is avoided when the wire is heated; the magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process is adopted, so that the quality of the surface and subcutaneous steel billets is guaranteed, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2 is ensured.
2. Heating the square billet: the process of low-temperature rapid heating and furnace atmosphere adjustment is adopted, so that full decarburization and serious total decarburization are avoided, and the heating temperature is controlled at 1020 ℃.
3. Rolling and wire rod rolling: rolling by using the first half period of a roller groove rolling process, wherein the finish rolling temperature is 880 ℃, the wire rod is spun, the module entering temperature is 865 ℃, the wire rod is spun at 860 ℃, and the online hot eye detection technology is combined, so that the surface defect depth of the finished wire rod is less than 30 micrometers, and the diameter of the wire rod is 18 mm.
4. Drawing and grinding: drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, and polishing the straight rod after cutting; the diameter of the steel wire is 16.8mm, the cutting length is 1000-.
5. A hot coil spring: and (3) heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction at the heating temperature of 925 ℃ for 3 minutes. The surface of the material is free from decarburization, and the hot rolling forming is carried out by utilizing the waste heat, so that the energy is saved.
6. And (3) heat treatment: the rapid quenching and medium-temperature tempering process is adopted, wherein the quenching temperature is 905 ℃ and the tempering temperature is 445 ℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining the eddy current flaw detection process.
7. Forced shot blasting: pre-stressing and pre-shot blasting treatment are carried out by utilizing the waste heat spring, the pre-shot blasting removes surface defects generated by a hot coil spring and hot stress, then cold stress setting and stress shot blasting are carried out to obtain the high fatigue performance spring,
8. coating and load sorting: and coating and load sorting are carried out, so that the corrosion resistance and the consistency of springs on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body are ensured.
Example 3
A production method of a surface defect-free automobile suspension spring specifically comprises the following steps:
1. steel billet production: the method comprises the steps of taking off a square casting blank, slowly cooling, continuously rolling, cogging, and then carrying out full polishing, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection. The smelting casting blank adopts an off-line slow cooling process to avoid the casting blank crack defect caused by too fast cooling speed; the cold charging and heating mode is adopted in the continuous rolling to avoid the influence on the surface quality of the steel billet caused by the heating and cracking of the steel billet due to the structural stress of the alloy steel hot charging; the size of continuous rolling cogging is 160 x 160mm, the full-grinding single-side grinding amount of the steel billet is 1mm, and the decarburization and crack defects of the steel billet are removed; the chamfer angle of the steel billet corner is 45 degrees and is in smooth transition, so that the serious decarburization at the steel billet sharp corner is avoided when the wire is heated; the magnetic powder and ultrasonic flaw detection process is adopted, so that the quality of surface and subcutaneous steel billets and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity phi 2 are ensured.
2. Heating the square billet: the process of low-temperature rapid heating and furnace atmosphere adjustment is adopted, so that full decarburization and serious total decarburization are avoided, and the heating temperature is controlled at 1050 ℃.
3. Rolling and wire rod rolling: rolling by using a roller groove rolling groove in the first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature is 875 ℃, the wire rod is spun, the module entering temperature is 872 ℃, the wire rod is spun, the online hot eye detection technology is combined, the surface defect depth of the finished wire rod is controlled to be below 30 micrometers, and the diameter of the wire rod is 20 mm.
4. Drawing and grinding: drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, cutting the straight rod into sections and then polishing the sections; the diameter of the steel wire is 18.85mm, the cutting length is 1000-.
5. A hot coil spring: : and (3) heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction at 930 ℃ for 3 minutes. The surface of the material is free from decarburization, and the hot rolling forming is carried out by utilizing the waste heat, so that the energy is saved.
6. And (3) heat treatment: the rapid quenching and medium-temperature tempering process is adopted, wherein the quenching temperature is 910 ℃, and the tempering temperature is 460 ℃. By adopting the technical scheme, the heat treatment spring with better tissue uniformity is obtained, and the surface quality of the spring is ensured by combining the eddy current flaw detection process.
7. Forced shot blasting: pre-stressing and pre-shot blasting treatment are carried out by utilizing the waste heat spring, the pre-shot blasting removes surface defects generated by a hot coil spring and hot stress, then cold stress setting and stress shot blasting are carried out to obtain the high fatigue performance spring,
8. coating and load sorting: and coating and load sorting are carried out, so that the corrosion resistance and the consistency of springs on the left side and the right side of the vehicle body are ensured. The product indexes of the examples are shown in Table 1;
table 1: product index
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A production method of a non-defective-surface automobile suspension spring comprises the following process flows: the method comprises the following steps of billet production, square billet heating, rolling, wire rod rolling, drawing grinding, hot spring coiling, heat treatment, forced shot blasting, coating and load sorting; the method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, steel billet production: the method comprises the following steps of (1) slowly cooling a square casting blank after the blank is off-line, carrying out full polishing, magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic inspection on a steel blank after continuous rolling and cogging;
secondly, heating the square billet: heating the square billet at low temperature, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 900-1050 ℃; the air-coal ratio of each heating section of the heating furnace atmosphere adjusting process is controlled to be below 1.8;
rolling and wire rod rolling: rolling by using a roller groove in the first half period, wherein the finish rolling temperature in the rolling process is 820-900 ℃, the temperature of a double module is 820-880 ℃, the spinning temperature is 820-880 ℃, the wire rod is coiled after spinning, and the surface defect depth of the wire rod is controlled to be below 50 micrometers;
fourthly, drawing and grinding: drawing, taking up and straightening the wire rod into a straight rod, and polishing the straight rod after cutting;
fifthly, hot coil spring: heating the straight coil by adopting medium-frequency induction at 900-980 ℃ for 1-3 minutes; utilizing waste heat to perform coil spring forming;
sixth, heat treatment: the spring adopts a quenching and medium-temperature tempering process, wherein the quenching temperature is 880-;
seventhly, forced shot blasting: the waste heat is utilized to carry out hot forced pressing and pre-shot blasting treatment to remove surface defects, and then cold forced pressing setting and stress shot blasting are carried out.
2. The method for producing a surface-defect-free automobile suspension spring according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the continuous rolling cogging size is 160 x 160mm, the full grinding single-side grinding amount of the steel billet is 1-3mm, the guide angle of the steel billet corner is 45 ° ± 5 °, and the ultrasonic flaw detection sensitivity is Φ 2.
3. The method for producing a surface-nondeficient automobile suspension spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wire rod diameter in step three is 15-25 mm.
4. The method for producing a surface-defect-free automobile suspension spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cut length of the straight strip in the fourth step is 1000-6000mm, and the grinding amount of the single side of the straight strip is 50-150 μm.
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| CN202210604437.0A CN115055531B (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | Production method of surface non-defective automobile suspension spring |
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| JPH08155572A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1996-06-18 | Mitsubishi Steel Mfg Co Ltd | Production of corrosion proof and decarburizing proof spring |
| KR20030053119A (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2003-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | A method for manufacturng spring steel without ferrite decarburization |
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